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Baccon WC, Laranjeira C, Marques PG, Höring CF, Gallo AM, Araujo JP, Marques FRDM, Carreira L, Salci MA. Physical Activity and Associated Factors among Brazilian Adult Inmates: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:748. [PMID: 38928994 PMCID: PMC11203477 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21060748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies on health in prison facilities have determined that imprisonment has adverse effects on both physical and emotional well-being. Therefore, the introduction of public health measures is encouraged. This study aimed to (a) evaluate the levels of physical activity and the health condition of a sample of Brazilian prisoners and (b) determine the predictors of low physical activity. An observational and cross-sectional study was developed following the STROBE checklist. Data collection took place between June and November 2019 in a maximum-security Brazilian prison institution. This study's final sample included 220 people selected through convenience sampling, of which 115 (53.2%) were aged 18 to 29 years, followed by 79 (36.6%) aged 30 to 44 years and 22 (10.2%) aged 45 to 59 years old. Overall, 64.3% of participants failed to meet the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation for physical activity [at least 150-300 min of moderate-intensity or 75 min of vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity per week]. The majority reported unhealthy food consumption (116; 53.7%). Regarding body mass index (BMI), 50.2% of individuals were classified as eutrophic, 38.1% were overweight and 11.6% were obese. Older age (AOR: 0.95; CI95%: 0.92-0.99; p = 0.01) and sitting time (AOR: 0.74; CI95%: 0.65-0.85; p < 0.01) were associated with low adherence to physical activity. Our results highlight the importance of practicing physical activity within the prison context and the need for institutional programs that promote regular physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanessa Cristina Baccon
- Departamento de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790-Campus Universitário, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (W.C.B.); (A.M.G.); (F.R.D.M.M.); (L.C.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Carlos Laranjeira
- School of Health Sciences, Polytechnic University of Leiria, Campus 2, Morro do Lena, Alto do Vieiro, Apartado 4137, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Centre for Innovative Care and Health Technology (ciTechCare), Rua de Santo André-66-68, Campus 5, Polytechnic University of Leiria, 2410-541 Leiria, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Évora, 7000-801 Évora, Portugal
| | - Priscila Garcia Marques
- Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790-Campus Universitário, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil;
| | - Carla Franciele Höring
- Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790-Campus Universitário, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil;
| | - Adriana Martins Gallo
- Departamento de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790-Campus Universitário, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (W.C.B.); (A.M.G.); (F.R.D.M.M.); (L.C.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Juliane Pagliari Araujo
- Departamento de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR-445, Km 380-Campus Universitário, Londrina 86057-970, PR, Brazil;
| | - Francielle Renata Danielli Martins Marques
- Departamento de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790-Campus Universitário, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (W.C.B.); (A.M.G.); (F.R.D.M.M.); (L.C.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Lígia Carreira
- Departamento de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790-Campus Universitário, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (W.C.B.); (A.M.G.); (F.R.D.M.M.); (L.C.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Maria Aparecida Salci
- Departamento de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790-Campus Universitário, Maringá 87020-900, PR, Brazil; (W.C.B.); (A.M.G.); (F.R.D.M.M.); (L.C.); (M.A.S.)
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2
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Sanchez-Gendriz I, Carvalho DDA, Galvão-Lima LJ, Sales-Moioli AIL, Brito T, Fernandes F, Henriques J, Lima T, Guedes LA, Cruz AS, Morais AHF, Santos JPQ, Arrais E, Coutinho KD, Machado GM, Cunha-Oliveira A, Dos Reis Vale Gomes CA, Valentim RAM. Digital dual test syphilis/HIV detection based on Fourier Descriptors of Cyclic Voltammetry curves. Comput Biol Med 2024; 174:108454. [PMID: 38608326 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective and timely detection is vital for mitigating the severe impacts of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI), including syphilis and HIV. Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) sensors have shown promise as diagnostic tools for these STI, offering a pathway towards cost-effective solutions in primary health care settings. OBJECTIVE This study aims to pioneer the use of Fourier Descriptors (FDs) in analyzing CV curves as 2D closed contours, targeting the simultaneous detection of syphilis and HIV. METHODS Raw CV signals are filtered, resampled, and transformed into 2D closed contours for FD extraction. Essential shape characteristics are captured through selected coefficients. A complementary geometrical analysis further extracts features like curve areas and principal axes lengths from CV curves. A Mahalanobis Distance Classifier is employed for differentiation between patient and control groups. RESULTS The evaluation of the proposed method revealed promising results with classification performance metrics such as Accuracy and F1-Score consistently achieving values rounded to 0.95 for syphilis and 0.90 for HIV. These results underscore the potential efficacy of the proposed approach in differentiating between patient and control samples for STI detection. CONCLUSION By integrating principles from biosensors, signal processing, image processing, machine learning, and medical diagnostics, this study presents a comprehensive approach to enhance the detection of both syphilis and HIV. This setts the stage for advanced and accessible STI diagnostic solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Sanchez-Gendriz
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal/RN, Brazil.
| | - Dionísio D A Carvalho
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Leonardo J Galvão-Lima
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Ana Isabela Lopes Sales-Moioli
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Talita Brito
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Felipe Fernandes
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Jorge Henriques
- Department of Informatics Engineering, Center for Informatics and Systems of the University of Coimbra, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Thaisa Lima
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal/RN, Brazil; Ministry of Health, Esplanada dos Ministérios, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Luiz Affonso Guedes
- Department of Computer Engineering and Automation, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Agnaldo S Cruz
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Antonio H F Morais
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal/RN, Brazil; Advanced Nucleus of Technological Innovation (NAVI), Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Q Santos
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal/RN, Brazil; Advanced Nucleus of Technological Innovation (NAVI), Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Ernano Arrais
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal/RN, Brazil; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal/RN, Brazil
| | - Karilany Dantas Coutinho
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal/RN, Brazil; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal/RN, Brazil
| | | | - Aliete Cunha-Oliveira
- Health Sciences Research Unit, Nursing (UICISA: E) and Nursing School of Coimbra (ESEnfC), Coimbra, Portugal; Center for Interdisciplinary Studies - CEIS20, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Ricardo A M Valentim
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal/RN, Brazil; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal/RN, Brazil
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3
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Valentim JLRS, Dias-Trindade S, Oliveira ESG, Romão MH, Fernandes F, Caitano AR, Bonfim MAA, Dias AP, Gusmão CMG, Morais PSG, Melo RS, Fontoura de Souza G, Medeiros KC, Rêgo MCFD, Ceccim RB, Valentim RAM. Evaluation of massive education in prison health: a perspective of health care for the person deprived of freedom in Brazil. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1239769. [PMID: 37680276 PMCID: PMC10480506 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1239769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Education, with an emphasis on prison health, has acted as a policy inducing changes in work processes, which the Brazilian National Health System (SUS) has used, and which is present in permanent health education, which promotes health care for people deprived of liberty. This article aims to present an analysis of the impacts of the strategy of massive education on prison health in Brazil from the perspective of health professionals and other actors operating in the Brazilian prison system. The data used in the study come from a questionnaire consisting of 37 questions applied nationwide between March and June 2022. Responses were collected from students who completed the course "Health Care for People Deprived of Freedom" of the learning pathway "Prison System", available in the Virtual Learning Environment of the Brazilian Health System (AVASUS). This course was offered nationally, whose adhesion (enrollment) occurred spontaneously, i.e., the course was not a mandatory. The data collected allowed us to analyze the impacts of massive education on prison health. The study also shows that the search for the course is made by several areas of knowledge, with a higher incidence in the health area, but also in other areas, such as humanities, which also work directly with the guarantee of the rights of people deprived of liberty, which are professionals in the areas of social work, psychology, and education. The analysis based on the data suggests that the massive education mediated by technology through the courses of the learning pathway, besides disseminating knowledge-following the action plan of the 2030 Agenda of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)-, are an effective tool to promote resilience in response to prison health and care demands of people deprived of liberty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaína L. R. S. Valentim
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sara Dias-Trindade
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of History, Political and International Studies (DHEPI), Faculty of Arts, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eloiza S. G. Oliveira
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Institute of Human Formation With Technologies, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Manoel H. Romão
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Felipe Fernandes
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Alexandre R. Caitano
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Marilyn A. A. Bonfim
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aline P. Dias
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Cristine M. G. Gusmão
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- International Council for Open and Distance Education, Oslo, Norway
| | - Philippi S. G. Morais
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo S. Melo
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Institute of Human Formation With Technologies, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Fontoura de Souza
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Kelson C. Medeiros
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Maria C. F. D. Rêgo
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Ricardo B. Ceccim
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ricardo A. M. Valentim
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
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Brito T, Lima T, Cunha-Oliveira A, Noronha A, Brito C, Farias F, Morais S, Paiva J, Honorato C, Queirós P, Gómez-Cantarino S, Lucena M, Valentim R. Salus Platform: A Digital Health Solution Tool for Managing Syphilis Cases in Brazil-A Comparative Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5258. [PMID: 37047873 PMCID: PMC10094047 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
(1) Introduction: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that constitutes a serious public health problem in Brazil and worldwide; (2) Methods: This was a descriptive and exploratory study that sought to analyze and compare the characteristics of Brazilian health systems with a new platform (Salus) developed by the Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health in the scope of notification and management of disease data, including syphilis. In addition, this analysis aimed to assess whether Salus fully meets the necessary data management fields and can be indicated as a tool to improve health management in the context of syphilis in Brazil. (3) Results: In this study, the Salus functionalities were demonstrated and compared with the current Brazilian systems by discovering the existing gaps in the evaluated systems. The gaps found may explain the delay in meeting demands, the difficulty of making routine therapeutic follow-ups, in addition to interference with the vital purpose of follow-up in the epidemiological surveillance of diseases. As a result, Salus demonstrates functionalities that surpass all others and meet case management demands in a superior way to the systems currently used in the country. (4) Conclusions: The Brazilian health information systems related to the response to syphilis do not fulfill the purpose for which they were developed. Instead, they contribute to the fragmentation of health data and information, delays in diagnosis, incomplete case management, and loss of data due to inconsistencies and inadequate reporting. In addition, they are systems without interconnection, which do not articulate epidemiological surveillance actions with primary health care. All these factors may be obscuring accurate data on syphilis in Brazil, resulting in high and unnecessary public spending and late care for users of the Unified Health System (SUS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Brito
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Coimbra Nursing School (ESEnfC), 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Thaísa Lima
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
- Ministry of Health, Esplanada dos Ministérios, Block G, Headquarters Building, Brasília 70058-900, Brazil
| | - Aliete Cunha-Oliveira
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Coimbra Nursing School (ESEnfC), 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies of the 20th Century (CEIS-20), University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - André Noronha
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
| | - Cintia Brito
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, University of Pernambuco, Recife 52012-570, Brazil
| | - Fernando Farias
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
- Federal Institute of Sergipe, Aracaju 49680-000, Brazil
| | - Sedir Morais
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
| | - Jailton Paiva
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
- Federal Institute of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59015-000, Brazil
| | - Cintia Honorato
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
- Hospital of State Servers, Rio de Janeiro 20221-161, Brazil
| | - Paulo Queirós
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Coimbra Nursing School (ESEnfC), 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sagrario Gómez-Cantarino
- Health Sciences Research Unit: Nursing (UICISA: E), Coimbra Nursing School (ESEnfC), 3004-011 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing, Campus Toledo, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Márcia Lucena
- Department of Informatics and Applied Mathematics (DIMAP), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59078-900, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Valentim
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59077-080, Brazil
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5
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Caitano AR, Gusmão CMG, Dias-Trindade S, Barbalho IMP, Morais PSG, Caldeira-Silva GJP, Romão MH, Valentim JLRS, Dias AP, Alcoforado JLM, Oliveira CAP, Coutinho KD, Rêgo MCFD, Valentim RAM. Massive health education through technological mediation: Analyses and impacts on the syphilis epidemic in Brazil. Front Public Health 2022; 10:944213. [PMID: 36238258 PMCID: PMC9551019 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.944213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
With syphilis cases on the rise, Brazil declared an epidemic in 2016. To address the consequent public health crisis, the Ministry of Health laid out a rapid response plan, namely, the "Syphilis No!" Project (SNP), a national instrument to fight the disease which encompasses four dimensions: (a) management and governance, (b) surveillance, (c) comprehensive care, and (d) strengthening of educommunication. In the dimension of education, the SNP developed the learning pathway "Syphilis and other Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)" to strengthen and promote Health Education. This pathway features 54 Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), delivered through the Virtual Learning Environment of the Brazilian Health System (AVASUS). This paper analyzes the impacts of the learning pathway "Syphilis and other STIs" on the response to the epidemic in Brazil, highlighting the educational process of the learning pathway and its social implications from the perspective of the United Nations' 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals. Three distinct databases were used to organize the educational data: the learning pathway "Syphilis and other STIs" from AVASUS, the National Registry of HealthCare Facilities from the Brazilian Ministry of Health (MoH), and the Brazilian Occupation Classification, from the Ministry of Labor. The analysis provides a comprehensive description of the 54 courses of the learning pathway, which has 177,732 enrollments and 93,617 participants from all Brazilian regions, especially the Southeast, which accounts for the highest number of enrollees. Additionally, it is worth noting that students living abroad also enrolled in the courses. Data characterization provided a demographic study focused on the course participants' profession and level of care practiced, revealing that the majority (85%) worked in primary and secondary healthcare. These practitioners are the target audience of the learning pathway and, accordingly, are part of the personnel directly engaged in healthcare services that fight the syphilis epidemic in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre R. Caitano
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | - Cristine M. G. Gusmão
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- International Council for Open and Distance Education, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sara Dias-Trindade
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ingridy M. P. Barbalho
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | - Philippi Sedir G. Morais
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | - Gleyson J. P. Caldeira-Silva
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | - Manoel H. Romão
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | - Janaína L. R. S. Valentim
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Aline P. Dias
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos A. P. Oliveira
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
- International Council for Open and Distance Education, Oslo, Norway
- Multi-Professional Institute for Human Development with Technologies, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Karilany D. Coutinho
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | - Maria C. F. D. Rêgo
- Graduate Program in Education of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Ricardo A. M. Valentim
- Laboratory of Technological Innovation in Health (LAIS), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
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