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Shi B, Qian T, Yin Z, Zhang Y, Feng T, Dong Z, Cai W, Zhang Y. Comparing effects of high starch diet or high lipid diet supplemented with different levels of zinc on intestinal barrier and microbe community in largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 154:109911. [PMID: 39293705 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
Zinc is essential for normal growth and reproduction in all animals and plays a crucial role in many biological processes. The present study aimed to compare the intervention effects of zinc on intestinal health in a high lipid diet or high starch diet. Seven iso-nitrogenous (∼520 g kg-1) diets were formulated containing a positive control diet (115 g kg-1 lipid + 115 g kg-1 starch + 20 mg kg-1 Zn), three high starch diets (HS, 166 g kg-1 starch) and three high lipid diets (HL, 182 g kg-1 lipid), with 0 (HS-LZn, HL-LZn), 20 (HS-MZn, HL-MZn) and 150 (HS-HZn, HL-HZn) mg kg-1 Zn being supplemented. High starch diet and high lipid diet promoted feed efficiency, as evidenced by the lower feed conversion ratio. Three-way factorial ANOVA analysis showed high starch diet (166 g kg-1) significantly decreased final body weight and weight gain compared to the normal starch level (115 g kg-1). Diamine oxidase in serum significantly increased in diets HS-LZn and HL-LZn. In addition, distal intestinal mucosal fold damage and inflammatory infiltration were observed in the HS-LZn, HS-HZn, HL-LZn and HL-HZn groups. Fish fed HL diets (HL-LZn, HL-MZn, HL-HZn) showed lower expressions of claudin 5 and claudin 34, and higher IgD and IgM. Diets HL-LZn and HL-MZn significantly up-regulated C4 and C7. Proinflammatory cytokines including il8, il1β and tnfα significantly up-regulated in diet HL-LZn, even higher than the HS-LZn. Intestinal microbial composition indicated the abundance of Cetobacterium in HL-LZn was significantly higher than the control and HL-MZn diets. Similarly, LEfSe showed that Cetobacterium (P = 0.039) significantly enriched in the HL-LZn group. This study clarified high energy diet induced intestinal damage, which can be alleviated by zinc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Shi
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316022, China
| | - Tong Qian
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316022, China
| | - Ziyu Yin
- Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316022, China
| | - Tianyu Feng
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316022, China
| | - Zhiyong Dong
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316022, China; Norwegian University of Life Science, Faculty of Bioscience, Department of Animal and Aquaculture Science, NO-1432, Ås, Norway
| | - Wanjie Cai
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316022, China.
| | - Yuexing Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, 316022, China.
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Xie S, Xu J, Chen L, Qi Y, Yang H, Tan B. Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis Revealed the Cell Population Changes and Cell-Cell Communication in the Liver of a Carnivorous Fish in Response to High-Carbohydrate Diet. J Nutr 2024; 154:2381-2395. [PMID: 38945299 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carnivorous fish have a low carbohydrate utilization ability, and the physiologic and molecular basis of glucose intolerance has not been fully illustrated. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to use largemouth bass as a model to investigate the possible mechanism of glucose intolerance in carnivorous fish with the help of single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq). METHODS Two diets were formulated, a low-carbohydrate (LC) diet and a high-carbohydrate (HC) diet. The feeding trial lasted for 6 wk, and then, growth performance, biochemical parameters, liver histology, and snRNA-seq were performed. RESULTS Growth performance of fish was not affected by the HC diet, while liver glucolipid metabolism disorder and liver injury were observed. A total of 13,247 and 12,848 cells from the liver derived from 2 groups were isolated and sequenced, and 7 major liver cell types were annotated by the marker genes. Hepatocytes and cholangiocytes were lower and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and immune cells were higher in the HC group than those in the LC group. Reclustering analysis identified 7 subtypes of hepatocytes and immune cells, respectively. The HSCs showed more cell communication with other cell types, and periportal hepatocytes showed more cell communication with other hepatocyte subtypes. Cell-cell communication mainly focused on cell junction-related signaling pathways. Uncovered by the pseudotime analysis, midzonal hepatocytes were differentiated into 2 major branches-biliary epithelial hepatocytes and hepatobiliary hybrid progenitor. Cell junction and liver fibrosis-related genes were highly expressed in the HC group. HC diet induced the activation of HSCs and, therefore, led to the liver fibrosis of largemouth bass. CONCLUSIONS HC diet induces liver glucolipid metabolism disorder and liver injury of largemouth bass. The increase and activation of HSCs might be the main reason for the liver injury. In adaption to HC diet, midzonal hepatocytes differentiates into 2 major branches-biliary epithelial hepatocytes and hepatobiliary hybrid progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Xie
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Aquatic Animals Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang, China.
| | - Jia Xu
- Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Liutong Chen
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, PR China
| | - Yu Qi
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, PR China
| | - Huijun Yang
- Guangzhou Chengyi Aquaculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Beiping Tan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High-Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang, PR China.
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Liu N, Zhang P, Xue M, Zhang M, Huang Z, Xu C, Meng Y, Fan Y, Liu W, Zhang F, Chen P, Zhou Y. Hypolipidemic Effect of Rice Bran Oil Extract Tocotrienol in High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia Zebrafish (Danio Rerio) Induced by High-Fat Diet. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2954. [PMID: 38474201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the potent influence of tocotrienol (T3) on diminishing blood glucose and lipid concentrations in both Mus musculus (rats) and Homo sapiens (humans) has been established. However, the comprehensive exploration of tocotrienol's hypolipidemic impact and the corresponding mechanisms in aquatic species remains inadequate. In this study, we established a zebrafish model of a type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) model through high-fat diet administration to zebrafish. In the T2DM zebrafish, the thickness of ocular vascular walls significantly increased compared to the control group, which was mitigated after treatment with T3. Additionally, our findings demonstrate the regulatory effect of T3 on lipid metabolism, leading to the reduced synthesis and storage of adipose tissue in zebrafish. We validated the expression patterns of genes relevant to these processes using RT-qPCR. In the T2DM model, there was an almost two-fold upregulation in pparγ and cyp7a1 mRNA levels, coupled with a significant downregulation in cpt1a mRNA (p < 0.01) compared to the control group. The ELISA revealed that the protein expression levels of Pparγ and Rxrα exhibited a two-fold elevation in the T2DM group relative to the control. In the T3-treated group, Pparγ and Rxrα protein expression levels consistently exhibited a two-fold decrease compared to the model group. Lipid metabolomics showed that T3 could affect the metabolic pathways of zebrafish lipid regulation, including lipid synthesis and decomposition. We provided experimental evidence that T3 could mitigate lipid accumulation in our zebrafish T2DM model. Elucidating the lipid-lowering effects of T3 could help to minimize the detrimental impacts of overfeeding in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naicheng Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Mingyang Xue
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Mengwei Zhang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Zhenyu Huang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Yuding Fan
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
| | - Feixiang Zhang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
- College of Fisheries and Life, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Institute of Fishery Research of Xinjiang Uygur Autonenous Region, Urumqi 830099, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China
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Zhao L, Cheng L, Hu Y, Li X, Yang Y, Mu J, Shen L, Hu G, He K, Yan H, Liu Q, Yang S. Dietary sodium acetate and sodium butyrate attenuate intestinal damage and improve lipid metabolism in juvenile largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides) fed a high carbohydrate diet by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 16:443-456. [PMID: 38425445 PMCID: PMC10901750 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
High-carbohydrate (HC) diets decrease the intestinal levels of sodium acetate (SA) and sodium butyrate (SB) and impair the gut health of largemouth bass; however, SA and SB have been shown to enhance immunity and improve intestinal health in farmed animals. Thus, the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary SA and SB on HC diet-induced intestinal injury and the potential mechanisms in juvenile largemouth bass. The experiment set five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets, including a low-carbohydrate diet (9% starch) (LC), a high carbohydrate diet (18% starch) (HC), and the HC diet supplemented with 2 g/kg SA (HCSA), 2 g/kg SB (HCSB) or a combination of 1 g/kg SA and 1 g/kg SB (HCSASB). The feeding experiment was conducted for 8 weeks. A total of 525 juvenile largemouth bass with an initial body weight of 7.00 ± 0.20 g were used. The results showed that dietary SA and SB improved the weight gain rate and specific growth rate (P < 0.05) and ameliorated serum parameters (alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, glutamate transaminase, and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase) (P < 0.05). And, importantly, dietary SA and SB repaired the intestinal barrier by increasing the expression levels of zonula occludens-1, occludin, and claudin-7 (P < 0.05), reduced HC-induced intestinal damage, and alleviated intestinal inflammation and cell apoptosis by attenuating HC-induced intestinal endoplasmic reticulum stress (P < 0.05). Further results revealed that dietary SA and SB reduced HC-induced intestinal fat deposition by inhibiting adipogenesis and promoting lipolysis (P < 0.05). In summary, this study demonstrated that dietary SA and SB attenuated HC-induced intestinal damage and reduced excessive intestinal fat deposition in largemouth bass.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaohui Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Yihui Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Jin Mu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Lianfeng Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Guojun Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Kuo He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Haoxiao Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Song Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
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Liver Injury and Metabolic Dysregulation in Largemouth Bass ( Micropterus salmoides) after Ammonia Exposure. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020274. [PMID: 36837893 PMCID: PMC9965865 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated environmental ammonia leads to respiratory disorders and metabolic dysfunction in most fish species, and the majority of research has concentrated on fish behavior and gill function. Prior studies have rarely shown the molecular mechanism of the largemouth bass hepatic response to ammonia loading. In this experiment, 120 largemouth bass were exposed to total ammonia nitrogen of 0 mg/L or 13 mg/L for 3 and 7 days, respectively. Histological study indicated that ammonia exposure severely damaged fish liver structure, accompanied by increased serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase activity. RT-qPCR results showed that ammonia exposure down-regulated the expression of genes involved in glycogen metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, lipid metabolism, and urea cycle pathways, whereas it up-regulated the expression of genes involved in gluconeogenesis and glutamine synthesis pathways. Thus, ammonia was mainly converted to glutamine in the largemouth bass liver during ammonia stress, which was rarely further used for urea synthesis. Additionally, transcriptome results showed that ammonia exposure also led to the up-regulation of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway and down-regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in the liver of largemouth bass. It is possible that the energy supply of oxidative phosphorylation in the largemouth bass liver was increased during ammonia exposure, which was mediated by the MAPK signaling pathway.
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Liao M, Wang F, Huang L, Liu C, Dong W, Zhuang X, Yin X, Liu Y, Wang W. Effects of dietary Ginkgo biloba leaf extract on growth performance, immunity and environmental stress tolerance of Penaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 132:108500. [PMID: 36572268 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.108500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (GBE) has been extensively used in the treatment of diseases due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects. In aquaculture, GBE is widely used as a feed additive, which is important to enhance the immunity of aquatic animals. The current study evaluated the effects of adding GBE to the diet of Penaeus vannamei (P. vannamei) under intensive aquaculture. The GBE0 (control group), GBE1, GBE2, and GBE4 groups were fed a commercial feed supplemented with 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 g/kg GBE for 21 days, respectively. The results showed that dietary GBE could alleviate hepatopancreas tissue damage and improve the survival rate of shrimp, and dietary 2 g/kg GBE could significantly increase the total hemocyte count (THC), the hemocyanin content, the antioxidant gene's expression, and the activity of their encoded enzymes in P. vannamei. Furthermore, transcriptome data revealed that immunity-related genes were upregulated in the GBE2 group compared with the GBE0 group after 21 days of culture. Drug metabolism-cytochrome P450, sphingolipid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, fat digestion and protein digestion and absorption pathways were significantly enriched, according to KEGG results. Surprisingly, all of the above KEGG-enriched pathways were significantly upregulated. These findings demonstrated that supplementing P. vannamei with 2 g/kg GBE improved its environmental adaptability by improving immunity, lipid metabolism, and detoxification. In this study, a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of dietary GBE on the intensive aquaculture of P. vannamei was conducted to provide a reference for the healthy culture of P. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqiu Liao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Can Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Wenna Dong
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Xueqi Zhuang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Yin
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China.
| | - Weina Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity and Biomonitoring, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Healthy and Safe Aquaculture, College of Life Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, PR China.
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Liu J, Xue M, Morais S, He M, Wang H, Wang J, Pastor JJ, Gonçalves RA, Liang X. Effects of a Phytogenic Supplement Containing Olive By-Product and Green Tea Extracts on Growth Performance, Lipid Metabolism, and Hepatic Antioxidant Capacity in Largemouth Bass ( Micropterus salmoides) Fed a High Soybean Meal Diet. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2415. [PMID: 36552623 PMCID: PMC9774277 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A 10-week growth trial was conducted to investigate the effects of a phytogenic feed additive (PFA) containing olive by-products and green tea extracts supplemented to a reduced fishmeal/high soybean meal diet on the growth performance, hepatic antioxidant capacity, lipid metabolism, and liver health of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Three experimental diets were tested: (1) a control high fishmeal (40%) and low soybean meal (15.57%) diet (named HFM), (2) a reduced fishmeal (30%) and high soybean meal (30.97%) diet (named HSB), and (3) a HSB diet supplemented with the PFA at 500 mg/kg (named HSB+P). Each diet was assigned to four replicate tanks, each containing 30 largemouth bass (initial body weight, IBW = 48.33 ± 0.01 g). The results showed that increasing the soybean meal content in the diet did not negatively affect growth performance, whereas supplementation with PFA significantly increased weight gain and specific growth rate of largemouth bass compared to both HFM and HSB groups. Reducing fishmeal and increasing soybean meal in the diet caused oxidative stress with a higher content of ROS in the liver. However, the hepatic antioxidant capacity was enhanced, with reduced ROS and increased GSH-Px levels in the HSB+P group. Moreover, the decrease of plasma TG, LDL-C, and LDL-C/TC, and downregulation of lipogenesis and cholesterol synthesis gene expression in liver, indicated that supplementation with the PFA improved fish lipid metabolism. Protein retention efficiency was also significantly increased in largemouth bass fed the diet with PFA supplementation, which regulated (enhanced) AKT-mTOR phosphorylation. These results clearly indicated that a PFA containing olive by-product and green tea extracts can positively improve growth performance, protein retention efficiency, antioxidant capacity, and lipid metabolism of largemouth bass fed a reduced fishmeal/high soybean meal diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Liu
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Min Xue
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Sofia Morais
- Animal Science Unit, Innovation Division, Lucta S.A., 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Maolong He
- Innovation Division, Lucta (Guangzhou) Flavours Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Hao Wang
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jie Wang
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jose J. Pastor
- Animal Science Unit, Innovation Division, Lucta S.A., 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Rui A. Gonçalves
- Animal Science Unit, Innovation Division, Lucta S.A., 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Xiaofang Liang
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Feed Processing and Quality Control Innovation Team, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Wang J, Si W, Du Z, Zhang J, Xue M. Antioxidants in Animal Feed. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091760. [PMID: 36139834 PMCID: PMC9495651 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wei Si
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhenyu Du
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Min Xue
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence:
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Xue M, Yao T, Xue M, Francis F, Qin Y, Jia M, Li J, Gu X. Mechanism Analysis of Metabolic Fatty Liver on Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) Based on Integrated Lipidomics and Proteomics. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12080759. [PMID: 36005631 PMCID: PMC9415018 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12080759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic fatty liver disease caused by high-starch diet restricted the intensive and sustainable development of carnivorous fish such as largemouth bass. In this study, the combination liver proteomic and lipidomic approach was employed to investigate the key signaling pathways and identify the critical biomarkers of fatty liver in largemouth bass. Joint analysis of the correlated differential proteins and lipids revealed nine common metabolic pathways; it was determined that FABP1 were significantly up-regulated in terms of transporting more triglycerides into the liver, while ABCA1 and VDAC1 proteins were significantly down-regulated in terms of preventing the transport of lipids and cholesterol out of the liver, leading to triglyceride accumulation in hepatocyte, eventually resulting in metabolic fatty liver disease. The results indicate that FABP1, ABCA1 and VDAC1 could be potential biomarkers for treating metabolic fatty liver disease of largemouth bass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moyong Xue
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
- Functional & Evolutionary Entomology, Agro-Bio-Tech Gembloux, University of Liege, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ting Yao
- Beijing Institute of Feed Control, Beijing 110108, China
| | - Min Xue
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Frédéric Francis
- Functional & Evolutionary Entomology, Agro-Bio-Tech Gembloux, University of Liege, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Yuchang Qin
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ming Jia
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Junguo Li
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xu Gu
- Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence:
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Guo B, He X, Ge C, Xue M, Wang J, Longshaw M, Wang J, Liang X. A Natural Gas Fermentation Bacterial Meal (FeedKind®) as a Functional Alternative Ingredient for Fishmeal in Diet of Largemouth Bass, Micropterus salmoides. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081479. [PMID: 36009198 PMCID: PMC9405052 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A 10-week growth study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a natural gas fermentation bacterial meal (FeedKind®, FK) as a fishmeal (FM) alternative in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) (48.0 ± 0.03 g). Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated including one commercial control (C, 42% FM) and three experimental diets with gradient FK of 3% (FK3, 29%FM), 6% (FK6, 26%FM) and 9% (FK9, 23%FM), respectively. FK-fed groups showed significantly higher SR than that of C group. The WGR and SGR of fish fed FK3 and FK6 were significantly higher than those of FK9, but not statistical different from the C group. FK-fed groups showed higher apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter and nutrients. Further, FK-fed groups increased the ratio of SOD/MDA in the plasma and liver, and the upregulation of intestinal Keap1 and downregulation of HIF1α was found in FK3. Furthermore, FK-fed groups showed higher microbial richness and diversity. Pearson correlation analysis found that antioxidant relevant biomarkers were negatively correlated with the relative abundance of certain potential beneficial bacteria. In conclusion, supplemented up to 3–6% FK replacing FM in a low FM diet of largemouth bass could increase growth, survival rate, antioxidant capacity, and improve gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyuan Guo
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (B.G.); (X.H.); (C.G.); (M.X.)
| | - Xia He
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (B.G.); (X.H.); (C.G.); (M.X.)
| | - Chunyu Ge
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (B.G.); (X.H.); (C.G.); (M.X.)
| | - Min Xue
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (B.G.); (X.H.); (C.G.); (M.X.)
| | - Jia Wang
- Calysta (China) Company Limited, Shanghai 200041, China;
| | - Matt Longshaw
- Calysta (UK) Company Limited, Redcar TS10 4RF, Cleveland, UK;
| | - Jie Wang
- Feed Processing and Quality Control Innovation Team, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaofang Liang
- National Aquafeed Safety Assessment Center, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (B.G.); (X.H.); (C.G.); (M.X.)
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (X.L.)
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Pregelatinized starch improves growth and mitigates adverse liver/intestinal histomorphology in largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides, juveniles. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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