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Effect of Forefoot–Rearfoot and Pelvic–Scapular Weight Shifts on Lower-Limb and Lumbar Muscle Activity during Static Wall-Squat Exercises. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12084037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The static body-weight wall-squat (SBWS) exercise is often included in the early rehabilitation stages of the lower limb. To establish its effectiveness and optimise its application, it is important to precisely quantify the muscle contribution to different versions of this exercise. (2) Methods: We analysed the electromyographic activity of lower limb and lumbar muscles during the SBWS with knees flexed at 45° by manipulating three different variables: horizontal distance of the ankles from the wall; scapular or pelvic location of the centre of pressure Cwall of the force exerted by the wall on the back; rearfoot or forefoot location of the centre of pressure CGR of the ground reaction force. (3) Results: The forefoot-to-rearfoot CGR shift significantly increased the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, and tibialis anterior activity up to 23%, 26%, and 44% of the maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). The lumbar muscle activity was maximised (23% MVIC) shifting CGR at the forefoot, Cwall at the scapular zone, and placing the feet far from the wall. (4) Conclusions: These SBWS methods might be effective for quadriceps, tibialis anterior, and lumbar muscles strengthening in the early phase of rehabilitation intervention as soon as the patient can tolerate partial weight-bearing. The exercise appears suitable for patients with low back pain and limited lumbar muscle endurance, or quadriceps weakness and inhibition secondary to a knee injury.
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Lee JH, Kim S, Heo J, Park DH, Chang E. Differences in the muscle activities of the quadriceps femoris and hamstrings while performing various squat exercises. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:12. [PMID: 35063016 PMCID: PMC8783452 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00404-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Knee injuries in the lower limbs frequently occur, and lower limb muscles need to be strengthened to reduce injuries. Activating muscles can help strengthen muscles.. This study aimed to determine the squat exercises [general squat (GS), wall squat (WS), and Spanish squat (SS)] that effectively increased muscle activity using electromyography (EMG). Methods In this cross-sectional study, 22 participants performed three different squat exercises with EMG attached to the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus. The Kruskal–Wallis H test was used to compare thigh muscle activities among the various squat exercises. Results During SS, RF showed greater muscle activation compared to WS and GS (RF: χ2 = 21.523, p = 0.000, η2 = 0.333). VL also showed greater muscle activation during SS compared to WS (VL: χ2 = 7.101, p = 0.029, η2 = 0.109). Conclusions The results from this study indicate that SS shows more activation in the RF and VL muscles compared to GS and WS. These findings suggest that SS can provide more muscle activation for the RF and VL muscles and will greatly help those who lack muscle activation in these muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo-Hyun Lee
- College of Arts and Sports, Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, 5W555B, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Soojin Kim
- College of Arts and Sports, Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, 5W555B, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, South Korea.,Institute of Sports and Arts Convergence (ISAC), Inha University, W-440, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Jihye Heo
- College of Arts and Sports, Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, 5W555B, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Park
- College of Arts and Sports, Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, 5W555B, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, South Korea.,Institute of Sports and Arts Convergence (ISAC), Inha University, W-440, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Eunwook Chang
- College of Arts and Sports, Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, 5W555B, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, South Korea. .,Institute of Sports and Arts Convergence (ISAC), Inha University, W-440, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon, 22212, South Korea.
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