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Yao X, Wang Z, Qian M, Deng Q, Sun P. Kinetic Aspects of Esterification and Transesterification in Microstructured Reactors. Molecules 2024; 29:3651. [PMID: 39125055 PMCID: PMC11314161 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29153651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Microstructured reactors offer fast chemical engineering transfer and precise microfluidic control, enabling the determination of reactions' kinetic parameters. This review examines recent advancements in measuring microreaction kinetics. It explores kinetic modeling, reaction mechanisms, and intrinsic kinetic equations pertaining to two types of microreaction: esterification and transesterification reactions involving acids, bases, or biocatalysts. The utilization of a micro packed-bed reactor successfully achieves a harmonious combination of the micro-dispersion state and the reaction kinetic characteristics. Additionally, this review presents micro-process simulation software and explores the advanced integration of microreactors with spectroscopic analyses for reaction monitoring and data acquisition. Furthermore, it elaborates on the control principles of the micro platform. The superiority of online measurement, automation, and the digitalization of the microreaction process for kinetic measurements is highlighted, showcasing the vast prospects of artificial intelligence applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingjun Yao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Zhenxue Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Ming Qian
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Qiulin Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China;
| | - Peiyong Sun
- Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Daxing District, Beijing 102617, China;
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Wang L, Huang Z, Yang X, Rogée L, Huang X, Zhang X, Lau SP. Review on optofluidic microreactors for photocatalysis. REV CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2021-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Four interrelated issues have been arising with the development of modern industry, namely environmental pollution, the energy crisis, the greenhouse effect and the global food crisis. Photocatalysis is one of the most promising methods to solve them in the future. To promote high photocatalytic reaction efficiency and utilize solar energy to its fullest, a well-designed photoreactor is vital. Photocatalytic optofluidic microreactors, a promising technology that brings the merits of microfluidics to photocatalysis, offer the advantages of a large surface-to-volume ratio, a short molecular diffusion length and high reaction efficiency, providing a potential method for mitigating the aforementioned crises in the future. Although various photocatalytic optofluidic microreactors have been reported, a comprehensive review of microreactors applied to these four fields is still lacking. In this paper, we review the typical design and development of photocatalytic microreactors in the fields of water purification, water splitting, CO2 fixation and coenzyme regeneration in the past few years. As the most promising tool for solar energy utilization, we believe that the increasing innovation of photocatalytic optofluidic microreactors will drive rapid development of related fields in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Bioengineering , State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan 250353 , China
| | - Ziyu Huang
- Department of Bioengineering , State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan 250353 , China
| | - Xiaohui Yang
- Department of Bioengineering , State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan 250353 , China
| | - Lukas Rogée
- Department of Applied Physics , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , P.R. China
| | - Xiaowen Huang
- Department of Bioengineering , State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) , Jinan 250353 , China
| | - Xuming Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , P.R. China
| | - Shu Ping Lau
- Department of Applied Physics , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong , P.R. China
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Acosta-Angulo B, Lara-Ramos J, Diaz-Angulo J, Torres-Palma R, Martínez-Pachon D, Moncayo-Lasso A, Machuca-Martínez F. Analysis of the Applications of Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic Algorithms on Reaction Kinetics: A Prospective Study for Advanced Oxidation Processes. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jose Lara-Ramos
- Universidad del Valle Escuela de Ingeniería Química COLOMBIA
| | | | - Ricardo Torres-Palma
- Universidad de Antioquía: Universidad de Antioquia Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales COLOMBIA
| | - Diana Martínez-Pachon
- Universidad Antonio Nariño: Universidad Antonio Narino Facultad de Ciencias COLOMBIA
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Dong G, Chen B, Liu B, Hounjet LJ, Cao Y, Stoyanov SR, Yang M, Zhang B. Advanced oxidation processes in microreactors for water and wastewater treatment: Development, challenges, and opportunities. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 211:118047. [PMID: 35033742 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The miniaturization of reaction processes by microreactors offers many significant advantages over the use of larger, conventional reactors. Microreactors' interior structures exhibit comparatively higher surface area-to-volume ratios, which reduce reactant diffusion distances, enable faster and more efficient heat and mass transfer, and better control over process conditions. These advantages can be exploited to significantly enhance the performance of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) commonly used for the removal of water pollutants. This comprehensive review of the rapidly emerging area of environmental microfluidics describes recent advances in the development and application of microreactors to AOPs for water and wastewater treatment. Consideration is given to the hydrodynamic properties, construction materials, fabrication techniques, designs, process features, and upscaling of microreactors used for AOPs. The use of microreactors for various AOP types, including photocatalytic, electrochemical, Fenton, ozonation, and plasma-phase processes, showcases how microfluidic technology enhances mass transfer, improves treatment efficiency, and decreases the consumption of energy and chemicals. Despite significant advancements of microreactor technology, organic pollutant degradation mechanisms that operate during microscale AOPs remain poorly understood. Moreover, limited throughput capacity of microreactor systems significantly restrains their industrial-scale applicability. Since large microreactor-inspired AOP systems are needed to meet the high-throughput requirements of the water treatment sector, scale-up strategies and recommendations are suggested as priority research opportunities. While microstructured reactor technology remains in an early stage of development, this work offers valuable insight for future research and development of AOPs in microreactors for environmental purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Dong
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Bing Chen
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada.
| | - Bo Liu
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Lindsay J Hounjet
- Natural Resources Canada, CanmetENERGY Devon, 1 Oil Patch Drive, Devon, AB T9G 1A8, Canada
| | - Yiqi Cao
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Stanislav R Stoyanov
- Natural Resources Canada, CanmetENERGY Devon, 1 Oil Patch Drive, Devon, AB T9G 1A8, Canada.
| | - Min Yang
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Baiyu Zhang
- Northern Region Persistent Organic Pollution Control (NRPOP) Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X5, Canada
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Stanbury DM. The principle of detailed balancing, the iron-catalyzed disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide, and the Fenton reaction. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:2135-2157. [PMID: 35029613 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03645a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The iron-catalyzed disproportionation of H2O2 has been investigated for over a century, as has been its ability to induce the oxidation of other species present in the system (Fenton reaction). The mechanisms of these reactions have been under consideration at least since 1932. Unfortunately, little or no attention has been paid to ensuring the conformity of the proposed mechanisms and rate constants with the constraints of the principle of detailed balancing. Here we identify more than 200 publications having mechanisms that violate the principle of detailed balancing. These violations occur through the use of incorrect values for certain rate constants, the use of incorrect forms of the rate laws for certain steps in the mechanisms, and the inclusion of illegal loops. A core mechanism for the iron-catalyzed decomposition of H2O2 is proposed that is consistent with the principle of detailed balancing and includes both the one-electron oxidation of H2O2 by Fe(III) and the Fe(II) reduction of HO2˙.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Stanbury
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
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Joseph CG, Taufiq-Yap YH, Affandi NA, Nga JLH, Vijayan V. Photocatalytic treatment of detergent-contaminated wastewater: A short review on current progress. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-021-0964-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
In this work, we reviewed the most significant patents of the last decade (2010–2020) in the fields of water and air photocatalytic treatment. Patents were discussed by identifying the recurrent addressed issues and presenting the proposed solutions. Adoption of TiO2 and/or modified-TiO2-based material is still the most common choice of inventors, whereas many patents focus on the design of the plants/devices to improve efficiency of photocatalytic treatment by improving light utilization and contact between the phases. The review also highlights issues deriving from specific applications and outlines future trends in the field, such as the need for standardized testing and digitalization of monitoring and control.
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