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Sgibnev YM, Marasanov DV, Smetanin IV, Uskov AV, Kuzmenko NK, Ignatiev AI, Nikonorov NV, Baryshev AV. A comparative study of photocatalytic activity of Na +-Ag + ion-exchanged glass-ceramics with metallic Ag, semiconductor AgBr, and hybrid Ag-AgBr nanoparticles. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:12661-12667. [PMID: 37642325 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01712e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic glass-ceramics doped with metallic Ag, semiconductor AgBr, and hybrid metal-semiconductor Ag-AgBr nanostructures were synthesized via low-temperature Na+-Ag+ ion exchange. The spectral features of the nanostructures in the silicate glass matrix as well as their photocatalytic performance were studied in detail. Glass-ceramics containing hybrid metal-semiconductor nanostructures were shown to possess one order of magnitude higher photocatalytic activity compared to their counterparts with metallic and semiconductor nanostructures. Hybrid metal-semiconductor nanostructures allow enhancement of the net density of photogenerated hot electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Sgibnev
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow, Russia.
- ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | - A V Uskov
- P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | - A V Baryshev
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), Moscow, Russia.
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2
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Gut K, Błahut M. Influence of Ion Exchange Process Parameters on Broadband Differential Interference. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:6092. [PMID: 37447941 DOI: 10.3390/s23136092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The paper presents theoretical analyses and experimental investigations of broadband differential interference in planar gradient waveguides made via K+-Na+ ion exchange in BK-7 glass. This technology, due to its large polarimetric dispersion, is especially useful for applications in differential interferometry. We discuss the influence of technological parameters on the operation characteristics of the structure in terms of sensor applications. The refractive index variation in the measured external surroundings affects the modal properties of TE and TM modes and the spectral distribution at the output of the differential interferometer. The optical system described in this work has been designed specifically for use in biological systems where variations in the index of refraction need to be measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazimierz Gut
- Department of Optoelectronics, Silesian University of Technology, 2 Krzywoustego Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Marek Błahut
- Department of Optoelectronics, Silesian University of Technology, 2 Krzywoustego Str., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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Karasiński P, Zięba M, Gondek E, Nizioł J, Gorantla S, Rola K, Bachmatiuk A, Tyszkiewicz C. Sol-Gel Derived Silica-Titania Waveguide Films for Applications in Evanescent Wave Sensors-Comprehensive Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7641. [PMID: 36363233 PMCID: PMC9654017 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Composite silica-titania waveguide films of refractive index ca. 1.8 are fabricated on glass substrates using a sol-gel method and dip-coating technique. Tetraethyl orthosilicate and tetraethyl orthotitanate with molar ratio 1:1 are precursors. Fabricated waveguides are annealed at 500 °C for 60 min. Their optical properties are studied using ellipsometry and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Optical losses are determined using the streak method. The material structure and chemical composition, of the silica-titania films are analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. The surface morphology was investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods. The results presented in this work show that the waveguide films are amorphous, and their parameters are stable for over a 13 years. The optical losses depend on their thickness and light polarization. Their lowest values are less than 0.06 dB cm-1. The paper presents the results of theoretical analysis of scattering losses on nanocrystals and pores in the bulk and interfaces of the waveguide film. These results combined with experimental data clearly indicate that light scattering at the interface to a glass substrate is the main source of optical losses. Presented waveguide films are suitable for application in evanescent wave sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Karasiński
- Department of Optoelectronics, Silesian University of Technology, ul. B. Krzywoustego 2, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zięba
- Department of Optoelectronics, Silesian University of Technology, ul. B. Krzywoustego 2, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Ewa Gondek
- Institute of Physics, Cracow University of Technology, ul. Podchorążych 1, 30-084 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jacek Nizioł
- Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Sandeep Gorantla
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, ul. Stabłowicka 147, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Rola
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, ul. Stabłowicka 147, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Alicja Bachmatiuk
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, ul. Stabłowicka 147, 54-066 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Cuma Tyszkiewicz
- Department of Optoelectronics, Silesian University of Technology, ul. B. Krzywoustego 2, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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Schaeffer D, Klenkert D, Stauch J, Foss W, Haaf S, Foerg R, Kufner M. Asymmetric optical multimode splitters by field-assisted ion exchange using patterned mask openings. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:39353-39360. [PMID: 36298889 DOI: 10.1364/oe.471082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Asymmetric optical multimode splitters based on optical waveguides were fabricated in glass substrates using a field-assisted ion exchange process. Accompanying simulations, conducted to study the light propagation, revealed the possibility to realize asymmetric splitters based on waveguides with different width. In the exchange process, broad mask openings in the blocking layer are compared to those consisting of closely spaced parallel lines with various widths. The waveguide profiles of the resulting splitters were recorded and the optical losses and splitting ratios were determined for a wavelength of 850 nm. Additionally data transmission tests were conducted and showed the suitability of the splitters for a bandwidth of 28 GBit/s.
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Takamure N, Sun X, Nagata T, Ho-Baillie A, Fukata N, McKenzie DR. Thermodynamic Interpretation of the Meyer-Neldel Rule Explains Temperature Dependence of Ion Diffusion in Silicate Glass. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:175901. [PMID: 36332258 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.175901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We study the temperature-dependent diffusion of many types of metal and semimetal ions in soda-lime glass using thermal relaxation ion spectroscopy, a technique that provides an electrical readout of thermally activated diffusion of charge carriers driven by built-in concentration gradients and electric fields. We measure the temperature of the onset of the motion, relevant to the long term storage of radioactive elements. We demonstrate the unique behavior of silver in soda-lime glass, enabling a thermal battery with rapid discharge of stored energy above a threshold temperature. We show that the Meyer-Neldel rule applies when comparisons of temperature-dependent diffusion rates are made between related measurements on one sample or between the same measurements on related samples. The results support a thermodynamic interpretation of the Meyer-Neldel rule as an enthalpy-entropy correlation where the Meyer-Neldel temperature (T_{MN}) is the temperature that enables liquidlike, barrier-free motion of the ions, with an upper limit set by the melting point of the host medium. This interpretation explains the observed reduction in T_{MN} by built-in electric fields in depletion layers and why the upper limit for T_{MN} for all ions is set by the glass transition temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Takamure
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
- International Center for Materials for Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - X Sun
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - T Nagata
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - A Ho-Baillie
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - N Fukata
- Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
- International Center for Materials for Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - D R McKenzie
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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Gómez-Varela AI, Sanchez R, Carnero B, Diaz-Gomez L, Flores-Arias MT, Bao-Varela C. Subaquatic indirect laser ablation technique for glass processing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:37536-37553. [PMID: 36258341 DOI: 10.1364/oe.463803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Subaquatic indirect Laser-Induced Plasma-Assisted Ablation (SLIPAA) is proposed as a laser-based technique for glass processing. In this configuration, a water layer is added between a metallic target and a soda-lime glass substrate, so the processing of the glass is due to a combination of the ablation mechanism, the shock waves, and the cavitation bubbles. Thus, this method makes it possible to produce higher depth structures than those performed up to now by other standard laser techniques based on ablation, achieving structures in glass with rectangular cross-sectional profiles. Channels of 1 mm width are fabricated, reaching an average maximal depth value of almost 1400 µm at 30 passes of the laser beam while keeping the focal position fixed. Furthermore, the difference between processing the material with and without the addition of the water layer is presented. The influence of the processing parameters on the shape and quality of the fabricated structures is studied by optical and confocal microscopy, microcomputed tomography, and scanning electron microscopy. Compositional analysis of the glass is performed by energy dispersive X-ray technique to assess the transference of material from the metallic target to the fabricated channels. Deeper and more complex structures are obtained by refocusing the laser beam on the target and adding a pulsed flowing water film.
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