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Shi X, Zhang X, Ao JF, Yang M. Correlation between Non-HDL-C/HDL-C and Aβ1-42 levels in cerebral infarction-related cognitive dysfunction. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2024; 245:108503. [PMID: 39178633 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2024.108503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cerebral infarction treatments are most effective if used early after stroke symptoms occur. Also, early detection is crucial for delaying and improving cognitive impairment. This study investigated the relationship between the ratio of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Non-HDL-C/HDL-C), which reflects the entire burden of the cholesterol transported in atherogenic lipoproteins, and the level of β-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ-1-42), a major component of cerebrovascular amyloid deposits, in peripheral blood and cognitive dysfunction secondary to cerebral infarction. METHODS A total of 83 patients with cerebral infarction admitted to Bozhou People's Hospital between June 2019 and June 2022 were assessed. The patients were divided into two groups based on their Mini-Mental State Scale (MMSE) scores: cognitive dysfunction group (n = 30) and non-cognitive dysfunction group (n = 53). In addition, a control group comprising 34 patients with transient cerebral insufficiency or cerebrovascular stenosis was selected. The groups were compared in terms of various clinical factors, including gender, age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, lipid indexes, Non-HDL-C/HDL-C, and Aβ1-42 levels. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors associated with cognitive dysfunction. RESULTS The results showed that hypertensive patients with cognitive dysfunction secondary to cerebral infarction had a higher proportion of frontal lobe, temporal lobe, and thalamus involvement and lower scores on the MMSE compared to the non-cognitive impairment group and control group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the levels of homocysteine (HCY), Non-HDL-C/HDL-C, and Aβ1-42 in peripheral blood were significantly higher in hypertensive patients with cognitive dysfunction compared to the other two groups (all p < 0.05) and were identified as risk factors for cognitive dysfunction secondary to cerebral infarction. Peripheral blood levels of Non-HDL-C/HDL-C and Aβ1-42 are risk factors for secondary cognitive dysfunction following a cerebral infarction. CONCLUSION These data have important clinical implications for understanding the mechanisms underlying cognitive dysfunction in individuals with cerebrovascular disorders, potentially leading to new early interventions for preventing or treating such diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufang Shi
- The Clinical Laboratory of Bozhou People's Hospital, BoZhou 236800, China.
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- The Clinical Laboratory of Bozhou People's Hospital, BoZhou 236800, China.
| | - Jia-Fu Ao
- The Clinical Laboratory of Bozhou People's Hospital, BoZhou 236800, China.
| | - Miao Yang
- The Clinical Laboratory of Bozhou People's Hospital, BoZhou 236800, China.
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Woodfin S, Hall S, Ramerth A, Chapple B, Fausnacht D, Moore W, Alkhalidy H, Liu D. Potential Application of Plant-Derived Compounds in Multiple Sclerosis Management. Nutrients 2024; 16:2996. [PMID: 39275311 PMCID: PMC11397714 DOI: 10.3390/nu16172996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration, resulting in significant disability and reduced quality of life. Current therapeutic strategies primarily target immune dysregulation, but limitations in efficacy and tolerability highlight the need for alternative treatments. Plant-derived compounds, including alkaloids, phenylpropanoids, and terpenoids, have demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects in both preclinical and clinical studies. By modulating immune responses and promoting neuroregeneration, these compounds offer potential as novel adjunctive therapies for MS. This review provides insights into the molecular and cellular basis of MS pathogenesis, emphasizing the role of inflammation in disease progression. It critically evaluates emerging evidence supporting the use of plant-derived compounds to attenuate inflammation and MS symptomology. In addition, we provide a comprehensive source of information detailing the known mechanisms of action and assessing the clinical potential of plant-derived compounds in the context of MS pathogenesis, with a focus on their anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth Woodfin
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, School of Health Sciences, Liberty University, Lynchburg, VA 24515, USA
| | - Sierra Hall
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, School of Health Sciences, Liberty University, Lynchburg, VA 24515, USA
| | - Alexis Ramerth
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, School of Health Sciences, Liberty University, Lynchburg, VA 24515, USA
| | - Brooke Chapple
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, School of Health Sciences, Liberty University, Lynchburg, VA 24515, USA
| | - Dane Fausnacht
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Agriculture, Ferrum College, Ferrum, VA 24088, USA
| | - William Moore
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, School of Health Sciences, Liberty University, Lynchburg, VA 24515, USA
| | - Hana Alkhalidy
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Dongmin Liu
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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Aventaggiato M, Arcangeli T, Vernucci E, Barreca F, Sansone L, Pellegrini L, Pontemezzo E, Valente S, Fioravanti R, Russo MA, Mai A, Tafani M. Pharmacological Activation of SIRT3 Modulates the Response of Cancer Cells to Acidic pH. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:810. [PMID: 38931477 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells modulate their metabolism, creating an acidic microenvironment that, in turn, can favor tumor progression and chemotherapy resistance. Tumor cells adopt strategies to survive a drop in extracellular pH (pHe). In the present manuscript, we investigated the contribution of mitochondrial sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) to the adaptation and survival of cancer cells to a low pHe. SIRT3-overexpressing and silenced breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells were grown in buffered and unbuffered media at pH 7.4 and 6.8 for different times. mRNA expression of SIRT3 and CAVB, was measured by RT-PCR. Protein expression of SIRT3, CAVB and autophagy proteins was estimated by western blot. SIRT3-CAVB interaction was determined by immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assays (PLA). Induction of autophagy was studied by western blot and TEM. SIRT3 overexpression increases the survival of both cell lines. Moreover, we demonstrated that SIRT3 controls intracellular pH (pHi) through the regulation of mitochondrial carbonic anhydrase VB (CAVB). Interestingly, we obtained similar results by using MC2791, a new SIRT3 activator. Our results point to the possibility of modulating SIRT3 to decrease the response and resistance of tumor cells to the acidic microenvironment and ameliorate the effectiveness of anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Aventaggiato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Tania Arcangeli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Enza Vernucci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Barreca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Sansone
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Rome, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Pellegrini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Pontemezzo
- European Hospital, New Fertility Group, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Via Portuense 700, 00149 Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Valente
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Rossella Fioravanti
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Antonio Russo
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, IRCCS San Raffaele Rome, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonello Mai
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Tafani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
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Rühling MR, Hartmann H, Das AM. Simplification of Dietary Treatment in Pharmacoresistant Epilepsy: Impact of C8 and C10 Fatty Acids on Sirtuins of Neuronal Cells In Vitro. Nutrients 2024; 16:1678. [PMID: 38892612 PMCID: PMC11174688 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Pharmacotherapy is the therapeutic mainstay in epilepsy; however, in about 30% of patients, epileptic seizures are drug-resistant. A ketogenic diet (KD) is an alternative therapeutic option. The mechanisms underlying the anti-seizure effect of a KD are not fully understood. Epileptic seizures lead to an increased energy demand of neurons. An improvement in energy provisions may have a protective effect. C8 and C10 fatty acids have been previously shown to activate mitochondrial function in vitro. This could involve sirtuins (SIRTs) as regulatory elements of energy metabolism. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether ß-hydroxybutyrate (ßHB), C8 fatty acids, C10 fatty acids, or a combination of C8 and C10 (250/250 µM) fatty acids, which all increase under a KD, could up-regulate SIRT1, -3, -4, and -5 in HT22 hippocampal murine neurons in vitro. Cells were incubated for 1 week in the presence of these metabolites. The sirtuins were measured at the enzyme (fluorometrically), protein (Western blot), and gene expression (PCR) levels. In hippocampal cells, the C8, C10, and C8 and C10 incubations led to increases in the sirtuin levels, which were not inferior to a ßHB incubation as the 'gold standard'. This may indicate that both C8 and C10 fatty acids are important for the antiepileptic effect of a KD. A KD may be replaced by nutritional supplements of C8 and C10 fatty acids, which could facilitate the diet.
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Zhang J, Ye J, Zhu S, Han B, Liu B. Context-dependent role of SIRT3 in cancer. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2024; 45:173-190. [PMID: 38242748 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), an NAD+-dependent deacetylase, plays a key role in the modulation of metabolic reprogramming and regulation of cell death, as well as in shaping tumor phenotypes. Owing to its critical role in determining tumor-type specificity or the direction of tumor evolution, the development of small-molecule modulators of SIRT3, including inhibitors and activators, is of significant interest. In this review, we discuss recent studies on the oncogenic or tumor-suppressive functions of SIRT3, evaluate advances in SIRT3-targeted drug discovery, and present potential avenues for the design of small-molecule modulators of SIRT3 for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shiou Zhu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Xu M, Yue Q, He Z, Ling X, Wang W, Gong M. Wu-zhu-yu Decoction reduces early brain injury following subarachnoid hemorrhage in vivo and in vitro by activating the Nrf2 antioxidant system via SIRT6 targeting. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117335. [PMID: 37863400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Early brain damage (EBI) following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a long-lasting condition with a high occurrence. However, treatment options are restricted. Wu-zhu-yu Decoction (WZYD) can treat headaches and vomiting, which are similar to the early symptoms of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). However, it is yet unknown if WZYD can reduce EBI following SAH and its underlying mechanisms. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate whether WZYD protects against EBI following SAH by inhibiting oxidative stress through activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling via Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6)-mediated histone H3 lysine 56 (H3K56) deacetylation. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the current investigation, the principal components of WZYD were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection (HPLC-DAD). The SAH model in rats using the internal carotid artery plug puncture approach and the SAH model in primary neurons using hemoglobin incubation were developed. WZYD with different doses (137 mg kg-1, 274 mg kg-1, 548 mg kg-1) and the positive drug-Nimodipine (40 mg kg-1) were intragastrically administered in SAH model rats, respectively. The PC12 cells were cultured with corresponding medicated for 24h. In our investigation, neurological scores, brain water content, Evans blue leakage, Nissl staining, TUNEL staining, oxidative stress, expression of apoptosis-related proteins, and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling were evaluated. The interaction between SIRT6 and Nrf2 was detected by co-immunoprecipitation. SIRT6 knockdown was used to confirm its role in WZYD's neuroprotection. RESULTS The WZYD treatment dramatically reduced cerebral hemorrhage and edema, and enhanced neurological results in EBI following SAH rats. WZYD administration inhibited neuronal apoptosis via reducing the expression levels of Cleaved cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3(Cleaved Caspase-3), cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3(caspase-3), and Bcl-2, Associated X Protein (Bax) and increasing the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2(Bal2). It also decreased reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels and increased Nrf2 and HO-1 expression in the rat brain after SAH. In vitro, WZYD attenuated hemoglobin-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and apoptosis in primary neurons. Mechanistically, WZYD enhanced SIRT6 expression and H3K56 deacetylation, activated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling, and promoted the interaction between SIRT6 and Nrf2. Knockdown of SIRT6 abolished WZYD-induced neuroprotection. CONCLUSIONS WZYD attenuates EBI after SAH by activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling through SIRT6-mediated H3K56 deacetylation, suggesting its therapeutic potential for SAH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiyu Yue
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China; School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ziyang He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaoyang Ling
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wenhua Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mingjie Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changshu No.2 People's Hospital, The Affiliated Changshu Hospital of Nantong University, 215500, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Guo R, Pang J, Zhao J, Xiao X, Li J, Li J, Wang W, Zhou S, Zhao Y, Zhang Z, Chen H, Yuan T, Wu S, Liu Z. Unveiling the neuroprotective potential of dietary polysaccharides: a systematic review. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1299117. [PMID: 38075226 PMCID: PMC10702503 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1299117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders present a growing and costly global health challenge, accounting for over 11% of the diseases burden in high-income countries. Despite current treatments, patients often experience persistent symptoms that significantly affect their quality of life. Dietary polysaccharides have garnered attention for their potential as interventions for CNS disorders due to their diverse mechanisms of action, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. Through an analysis of research articles published between January 5, 2013 and August 30, 2023, encompassing the intervention effects of dietary polysaccharides on Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, depression, anxiety disorders, autism spectrum disorder, epilepsy, and stroke, we have conducted a comprehensive review with the aim of elucidating the role and mechanisms of dietary polysaccharides in various CNS diseases, spanning neurodegenerative, psychiatric, neurodevelopmental disorders, and neurological dysfunctions. At least four categories of mechanistic bases are included in the dietary polysaccharides' intervention against CNS disease, which involves oxidative stress reduction, neuronal production, metabolic regulation, and gut barrier integrity. Notably, the ability of dietary polysaccharides to resist oxidation and modulate gut microbiota not only helps to curb the development of these diseases at an early stage, but also holds promise for the development of novel therapeutic agents for CNS diseases. In conclusion, this comprehensive review strives to advance therapeutic strategies for CNS disorders by elucidating the potential of dietary polysaccharides and advocating interdisciplinary collaboration to propel further research in this realm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingxi Pang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junhe Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Li
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingmeng Li
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenxiu Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongwang Chen
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tian Yuan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan Wu
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Research and Development Center, Xi'an Yinqiao Dairy Technology Co., Ltd., Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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