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Yu T, Ahmad Malik A, Anuwongcharoen N, Eiamphungporn W, Nantasenamat C, Piacham T. Towards combating antibiotic resistance by exploring the quantitative structure-activity relationship of NDM-1 inhibitors. EXCLI JOURNAL 2022; 21:1331-1351. [PMID: 36540675 PMCID: PMC9755517 DOI: 10.17179/excli2022-5380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) has conferred enteric bacteria resistance to almost all beta-lactam antibiotics. Its capability of horizontal transfer through plasmids, amongst humans, animal reservoirs and the environment, has added up to the totality of antimicrobial resistance control, animal husbandry and food safety. Thus far, there have been no effective drugs for neutralizing NDM-1. This study explores the structure-activity relationship of NDM-1 inhibitors. IC50 values of NDM-1 inhibitors were compiled from both the ChEMBL database and literature. After curation, a final set of 686 inhibitors were used for machine learning model building using the random forest algorithm against 12 sets of molecular fingerprints. Benchmark results indicated that the KlekotaRothCount fingerprint provided the best overall performance with an accuracy of 0.978 and 0.778 for the training and testing set, respectively. Model interpretation revealed that nitrogen-containing features (KRFPC 4080, KRFPC 3882, KRFPC 677, KRFPC 3608, KRFPC 3750, KRFPC 4287 and KRFPC 3943), sulfur-containing substructures (KRFPC 2855 and KRFPC 4843), aromatic features (KRFPC 1566, KRFPC 1564, KRFPC 1642, KRFPC 3608, KRFPC 4287 and KRFPC 3943), carbonyl features (KRFPC 1193 and KRFPC 3025), aliphatic features (KRFPC 2975, KRFPC 297, KRFPC 3224 and KRFPC 669) are features contributing to NDM-1 inhibitory activity. It is anticipated that findings from this study would help facilitate the drug discovery of NDM-1 inhibitors by providing guidelines for further lead optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshi Yu
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Aijaz Ahmad Malik
- Center of Excellence in Computational Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nuttapat Anuwongcharoen
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Warawan Eiamphungporn
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | | | - Theeraphon Piacham
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
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2
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Icharam Narkhede H, Shridhar Dhake A, Rikhabchand Surana A. Synthesis and screening of thiosemicarbazide-dithiocarbamate conjugates for antioxidant and anticancer activities. Bioorg Chem 2022; 124:105832. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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3
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Xu YS, Chigan JZ, Li JQ, Ding HH, Sun LY, Liu L, Hu Z, Yang KW. Hydroxamate and thiosemicarbazone: Two highly promising scaffolds for the development of SARS-CoV-2 antivirals. Bioorg Chem 2022; 124:105799. [PMID: 35462235 PMCID: PMC9014651 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The emerging COVID-19 pandemic generated by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has severely threatened human health. The main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 is promising target for antiviral drugs, which plays a vital role for viral duplication. Development of the inhibitor against Mpro is an ideal strategy to combat COVID-19. In this work, twenty-three hydroxamates 1a-i and thiosemicarbazones 2a-n were identified by FRET screening to be the potent inhibitors of Mpro, which exhibited more than 94% (except 1c) and more than 69% inhibition, and an IC50 value in the range of 0.12-31.51 and 2.43-34.22 μM, respectively. 1a and 2b were found to be the most effective inhibitors in the hydroxamates and thiosemicarbazones, with an IC50 of 0.12 and 2.43 μM, respectively. Enzyme kinetics, jump dilution and thermal shift assays revealed that 2b is a competitive inhibitor of Mpro, while 1a is a time-dependently inhibitor; 2b reversibly but 1a irreversibly bound to the target; the binding of 2b increased but 1a decreased stability of the target, and DTT assays indicate that 1a is the promiscuous cysteine protease inhibitor. Cytotoxicity assays showed that 1a has low, but 2b has certain cytotoxicity on the mouse fibroblast cells (L929). Docking studies revealed that the benzyloxycarbonyl carbon of 1a formed thioester with Cys145, while the phenolic hydroxyl oxygen of 2b formed H-bonds with Cys145 and Asn142. This work provided two promising scaffolds for the development of Mpro inhibitors to combat COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Sui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Jia-Zhu Chigan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Jia-Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Huan-Huan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Le-Yun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Lu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Zhenxin Hu
- Suzhou Genevide Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Ke-Wu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, PR China.
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Sulfonamide-Derived Dithiocarbamate Gold(I) Complexes Induce the Apoptosis of Colon Cancer Cells by the Activation of Caspase 3 and Redox Imbalance. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061437. [PMID: 35740458 PMCID: PMC9221018 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new families of dithiocarbamate gold(I) complexes derived from benzenesulfonamide with phosphine or carbene as ancillary ligands have been synthesized and characterized. In the screening of their in vitro activity on human colon carcinoma cells (Caco-2), we found that the more lipophilic complexes—those with the phosphine PPh3—exhibited the highest anticancer activity whilst also displaying significant cancer cell selectivity. [Au(S2CNHSO2C6H5)(PPh3)] (1) and [Au(S2CNHSO2-p-Me-C6H4)(IMePropargyl)] (8) produce cell death, probably by intrinsic apoptosis (mitochondrial membrane potential modification) and caspase 3 activation, causing cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase with p53 activation. Besides this, both complexes might act as multi-target anticancer drugs, as they inhibit the activity of the enzymes thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and carbonic anhydrase (CA IX) with the alteration of the redox balance, and show a pro-oxidant effect.
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Dihydroxyphenyl-substituted thiosemicarbazone: A potent scaffold for the development of metallo-β-lactamases inhibitors and antimicrobial. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:105928. [PMID: 35717802 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The superbug infection mediated by metallo-β-lactamases (MβLs) has grown into anemergent health threat, and development of MβL inhibitors is an ideal strategy to combat the infection. In this work, twenty-five thiosemicarbazones 1a-e, 2a-e, 3a-e, 4a-d, 5a-d and 6a-b were synthesized and assayed against MβLs ImiS, NDM-1 and L1. The gained molecules specifically inhibited NDM-1 and ImiS, exhibiting an IC50 value in the range of 0.37-21.35 and 0.45-8.76 µM, and 2a was found to be the best inhibitor, with an IC50 of 0.37 and 0.45 µM, respectively, using meropenem (MER) as substrate. Enzyme kinetics and dialysis tests revealed and confirmed by ITC that 2a is a time-and dose-dependent inhibitor of ImiS and NDM-1, it competitively and reversibly inhibited ImiS with a Ki value of 0.29 µM, but irreversibly inhibited NDM-1. Structure-activity relationship disclosed that the substitute dihydroxylbenzene significantly enhanced inhibitory activity of thiosemicarbazones on ImiS and NDM-1. Most importantly, 1a-e, 2a-e and 3a-b alone more strongly sterilized E. coli-ImiS and E. coli-NDM-1 than the MER, displaying a MIC value in the range of 8-128 μg/mL, and 2a was found to be the best reagent with a MIC of 8 and 32 μg/mL. Also, 2a alone strongly sterilized the clinical isolates EC01, EC06-EC08, EC24 and K. pneumonia-KPC-NDM, showing a MIC value in the range of 16-128 μg/mL, and exhibited synergistic inhibition with MER on these bacteria tested, resulting in 8-32-fold reduction in MIC of MER. SEM images shown that the bacteria E. coli-ImiS, E. coli-NDM-1, EC24, K. pneumonia-KPC and K. pneumonia-KPC-NDM treated with 2a (64 μg/mL) suffered from distortion, emerging adhesion between individual cells and crumpled membranes. Mice tests shown that monotherapy of 2a evidently limited growth of EC24 cells, and in combination with MER, it significantly reduced the bacterial load in liver and spleen. Docking studies suggest that the 2,4-dihydroxylbenzene of 2a acts as zinc-binding group with the Zn(II) and the residual amino acids in CphA active center, tightly anchoring the inhibitor at active site. This work offered a promising scaffold for the development of MβLs inhibitors, specifically the antimicrobial for clinically drug-resistant isolates.
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The development of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 inhibitors since 2018. Microbiol Res 2022; 261:127079. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Chigan JZ, Hu Z, Liu L, Xu YS, Ding HH, Yang KW. Quinolinyl sulfonamides and sulphonyl esters exhibit inhibitory efficacy against New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1). Bioorg Chem 2022; 120:105654. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ajiboye TO, Ajiboye TT, Marzouki R, Onwudiwe DC. The Versatility in the Applications of Dithiocarbamates. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1317. [PMID: 35163241 PMCID: PMC8836150 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dithiocarbamate ligands have the ability to form stable complexes with transition metals, and this chelating ability has been utilized in numerous applications. The complexes have also been used to synthesize other useful compounds. Here, the up-to-date applications of dithiocarbamate ligands and complexes are extensively discussed. Some of these are their use as enzyme inhibitor and treatment of HIV and other diseases. The application as anticancer, antimicrobial, medical imaging and anti-inflammatory agents is examined. Moreover, the application in the industry as vulcanization accelerator, froth flotation collector, antifouling, coatings, lubricant additives and sensors is discussed. The various ways in which they have been employed in synthesis of other compounds are highlighted. Finally, the agricultural uses and remediation of heavy metals via dithiocarbamate compounds are comprehensively discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy O Ajiboye
- Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Mafikeng Campus, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Mafikeng Campus, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Titilope T Ajiboye
- Food Security and Safety Niche Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Mafikeng Campus, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
| | - Riadh Marzouki
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3029, Tunisia
| | - Damian C Onwudiwe
- Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Mafikeng Campus, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Mafikeng Campus, North-West University, Private Bag X2046, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa
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Chen C, Yang KW, Zhai L, Ding HH, Chigan JZ. Dithiocarbamates combined with copper for revitalizing meropenem efficacy against NDM-1-producing Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Bioorg Chem 2021; 118:105474. [PMID: 34794102 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide prevalence of NDM-1-producing Gram-negative pathogens has drastically undermined the clinical efficacy of carbapenems, prompting a need to devise an effective strategy to preserve their clinical value. Here we constructed a focused compound library of dithiocarbamates and systematically evaluated their potential synergistic antibacterial activities combined with copper. SA09-Cu exhibited excellent inhibition against a series of clinical NDM-1-producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) in restoring meropenem effect, and slowed down the development of carbapenem resistance. Enzymatic kinetic and isothermal titration calorimetry studies demonstrated that SA09-Cu was a noncompetitive NDM-1 inhibitor. The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed a novel inhibition mechanism, which is that SA09-Cu could convert NDM-1 into an inactive state by oxidizing the Zn(II)-thiolate site of the enzyme. Importantly, SA09-Cu showed a unique redox tuning ability, and avoided to be reduced by intracellular thiols of bacteria. In vivo experiments indicated that SA09 combined with CuGlu could effectively potentiate MER's effect against NDM-1-producing E. coli (EC23) in the murine infection model. This study provides a highly promising scaffold in developing novel inhibitors to combat NDM-1-producing CREs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Avenue, Xi'an 710127, PR China; College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Ke-Wu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Avenue, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Le Zhai
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Huan-Huan Ding
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Avenue, Xi'an 710127, PR China
| | - Jia-Zhu Chigan
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, 1 Xuefu Avenue, Xi'an 710127, PR China
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Oelschlaeger P. β-Lactamases: Sequence, Structure, Function, and Inhibition. Biomolecules 2021; 11:986. [PMID: 34356610 PMCID: PMC8301796 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
β-Lactams were the first class of antibiotics to be discovered and the second to be introduced into the clinic in the 1940s [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Oelschlaeger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
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11
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Wang T, Xu K, Zhao L, Tong R, Xiong L, Shi J. Recent research and development of NDM-1 inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 223:113667. [PMID: 34225181 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria carrying New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase, NDM-1) resistance gene is a new type of "superbug", which can hydrolyze almost all β-lactam antibiotics, rapidly spread among the same species and even spread among different species. NDM-1 belongs to the class B1 broad-spectrum enzyme of β-lactamase. The two positively charged zinc ions in the active center have electrostatic interaction with the hydroxyl ions in them to seize the hydrogen atom near the water molecule to form a bridging ring water molecule, which strengthens its nucleophilicity and attacks the carbonyl group on the lactam ring; thus, catalyzing the hydrolysis of β-lactam antibiotics. Since NDM-1 has an open active site and unique electrostatic structure, it essentially provides a wider range of substrate specificity. Due to its flexible hydrolysis mechanism and more and more variants also aggravate the threat of drug-resistant bacteria infection, there is still no effective inhibitor in clinic, which is a serious threat to human health and public health safety. The electron-rich substituents of NDM-1 inhibitors coordinate with two positively charged zinc ions in the active center of the enzyme through ion-dipole interaction to produce NDM-1 inhibitory activity. In this review, the research progress of NDM-1 enzyme and its inhibitors in the past 5 years was reviewed. The crystal structure, active center structure, surrounding important amino acid residues, newly discovered inhibitors and their action mechanism are classified and summarized in detail, which can be used as a reference for the development of effective drugs against drug-resistant bacteria targeting NDM-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Kaiju Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Liyun Zhao
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
| | - Liang Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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Abstract
Bacterial infection remains a worldwide problem that requires urgent addressing. Overuse and poor disposal of antibacterial agents abet the emergence of bacterial resistance mechanisms. There is a clear need for new approaches for the development of antibacterial therapeutics. Herein, the antibacterial potential of molecules based on dithiocarbamate anions, of general formula R(R’)NCS2(−), and metal salts of transition metals and main group elements, is summarized. Preclinical studies show a broad range of antibacterial potential, and these investigations are supported by appraisals of possible biological targets and mechanisms of action to guide chemical syntheses. This bibliographic review of the literature points to the exciting potential of dithiocarbamate-based therapeutics in the crucial battle against bacteria. Additionally, included in this overview, for the sake of completeness, is mention of the far fewer studies on the antifungal potential of dithiocarbamates and even less work conducted on antiparasitic behavior.
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Shinde SD, Sakla AP, Shankaraiah N. An insight into medicinal attributes of dithiocarbamates: Bird's eye view. Bioorg Chem 2020; 105:104346. [PMID: 33074122 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Dithiocarbamates are considered as an important motif owing to its extensive biological applications in medicinal chemistry. The synthesis of this framework can easily be achieved via a one-pot reaction of primary/secondary amines, CS2, and alkyl halides under catalyst-free conditions or sometimes in the presence of a base. By virtue of its colossal pharmacological scope, it has been an evolving subject of interest for many researchers around the world. The present review aims to highlight various synthetic approaches for dithiocarbamates with the major emphasis on medicinal attributes of these architectures as leads in the drug discovery of small molecules such as HDAC inhibitor, lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) down-regulator, kinase inhibitor (focal adhesion kinase, pyruvate kinase, Bruton's tyrosine kinase), carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, DNA intercalators, and apoptosis-inducing agents. Moreover, recent medicinal advancements in the synthesis of dithiocarbamate derivatives as anticancer, antifungal, antibacterial, anti-Alzheimer, antitubercular, anti-glaucoma, anti-cholinergic, antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory activities have been elaborated with notable examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangita Dattatray Shinde
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Akash P Sakla
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India
| | - Nagula Shankaraiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad 500037, India.
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14
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New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 inhibitors for combating antibiotic drug resistance: recent developments. Med Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-020-02580-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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