1
|
Proteau-Lemieux M, Knoth IS, Davoudi S, Martin CO, Bélanger AM, Fontaine V, Côté V, Agbogba K, Vachon K, Whitlock K, Biag HMB, Thurman AJ, Rosenfelt C, Tassone F, Frei J, Capano L, Abbeduto L, Jacquemont S, Hessl D, Hagerman RJ, Schneider A, Bolduc F, Anagnostou E, Lippe S. Specific EEG resting state biomarkers in FXS and ASD. J Neurodev Disord 2024; 16:53. [PMID: 39251926 PMCID: PMC11382468 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-024-09570-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fragile X syndrome (FXS) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are neurodevelopmental conditions that often have a substantial impact on daily functioning and quality of life. FXS is the most common cause of inherited intellectual disability (ID) and the most common monogenetic cause of ASD. Previous literature has shown that electrophysiological activity measured by electroencephalogram (EEG) during resting state is perturbated in FXS and ASD. However, whether electrophysiological profiles of participants with FXS and ASD are similar remains unclear. The aim of this study was to compare EEG alterations found in these two clinical populations presenting varying degrees of cognitive and behavioral impairments. METHODS Resting state EEG signal complexity, alpha peak frequency (APF) and power spectral density (PSD) were compared between 47 participants with FXS (aged between 5-20), 49 participants with ASD (aged between 6-17), and 52 neurotypical (NT) controls with a similar age distribution using MANCOVAs with age as covariate when appropriate. MANCOVAs controlling for age, when appropriate, and nonverbal intelligence quotient (NVIQ) score were subsequently performed to determine the impact of cognitive functioning on EEG alterations. RESULTS Our results showed that FXS participants manifested decreased signal complexity and APF compared to ASD participants and NT controls, as well as altered power in the theta, alpha and low gamma frequency bands. ASD participants showed exaggerated beta power compared to FXS participants and NT controls, as well as enhanced low and high gamma power compared to NT controls. However, ASD participants did not manifest altered signal complexity or APF. Furthermore, when controlling for NVIQ, results of decreased complexity in higher scales and lower APF in FXS participants compared to NT controls and ASD participants were not replicated. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that signal complexity and APF might reflect cognitive functioning, while altered power in the low gamma frequency band might be associated with neurodevelopmental conditions, particularly FXS and ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mélodie Proteau-Lemieux
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Research Center of the Sainte-Justine University Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Inga Sophia Knoth
- Research Center of the Sainte-Justine University Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Saeideh Davoudi
- Research Center of the Sainte-Justine University Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Anne-Marie Bélanger
- Research Center of the Sainte-Justine University Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Valérie Fontaine
- Research Center of the Sainte-Justine University Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Valérie Côté
- Research Center of the Sainte-Justine University Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Kristian Agbogba
- Research Center of the Sainte-Justine University Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | | | - Hazel Maridith Barlahan Biag
- Department of Pediatrics and MIND Institute, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Angela John Thurman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and MIND Institute, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Cory Rosenfelt
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Flora Tassone
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Julia Frei
- McMaster University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lucia Capano
- Queen's University of Kingston, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Leonard Abbeduto
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and MIND Institute, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Sébastien Jacquemont
- Research Center of the Sainte-Justine University Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David Hessl
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and MIND Institute, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Randi Jenssen Hagerman
- Department of Pediatrics and MIND Institute, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Andrea Schneider
- Department of Pediatrics and MIND Institute, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Francois Bolduc
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Evdokia Anagnostou
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Holland Bloorview Research Center, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Lippe
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Research Center of the Sainte-Justine University Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Milojevic S, Ghosh A, Makevic V, Stojkovic M, Capovilla M, Tosti T, Budimirovic D, Protic D. Circadian Rhythm and Sleep Analyses in a Fruit Fly Model of Fragile X Syndrome Using a Video-Based Automated Behavioral Research System. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7949. [PMID: 39063191 PMCID: PMC11277495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is caused by the full mutation in the FMR1 gene on the Xq27.3 chromosome region. It is the most common monogenic cause of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and inherited intellectual disability (ID). Besides ASD and ID and other symptoms, individuals with FXS may exhibit sleep problems and impairment of circadian rhythm (CR). The Drosophila melanogaster models of FXS, such as dFMR1B55, represent excellent models for research in the FXS field. During this study, sleep patterns and CR in dFMR1B55 mutants were analyzed, using a new platform based on continuous high-resolution videography integrated with a highly-customized version of an open-source software. This methodology provides more sensitive results, which could be crucial for all further research in this model of fruit flies. The study revealed that dFMR1B55 male mutants sleep more and can be considered weak rhythmic flies rather than totally arrhythmic and present a good alternative animal model of genetic disorder, which includes impairment of CR and sleep behavior. The combination of affordable videography and software used in the current study is a significant improvement over previous methods and will enable broader adaptation of such high-resolution behavior monitoring methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Milojevic
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Arijit Ghosh
- Chronobiology and Behavioral Neurogenetics Laboratory, Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Center for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India;
| | - Vedrana Makevic
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Maja Stojkovic
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.M.); (M.S.)
| | - Maria Capovilla
- UMR7275 CNRS-INSERM-UniCA, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology Institute, Sophia Antipolis, 06560 Valbonne, France;
| | - Tomislav Tosti
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Dejan Budimirovic
- Department of Psychiatry, Fragile X Clinic, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences-Child Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Dragana Protic
- Department of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (S.M.); (M.S.)
- Fragile X Clinic, Special Hospital for Cerebral Palsy and Developmental Neurology, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kaye AD, Allen KE, Smith Iii VS, Tong VT, Mire VE, Nguyen H, Lee Z, Kouri M, Jean Baptiste C, Mosieri CN, Kaye AM, Varrassi G, Shekoohi S. Emerging Treatments and Therapies for Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e63671. [PMID: 39092332 PMCID: PMC11293483 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.63671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has increased over the last decade. In this regard, many emerging therapies have been described as ASD therapies. Although ASD does not have a cure, there are several management options available that can help reduce symptom severity. ASD is highly variable and, therefore, standard treatment protocols and studies are challenging to perform. Many of these therapies also address comorbidities for which patients with ASD have an increased risk. These concurrent diagnoses can include psychiatric and neurological disorders, including attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, anxiety disorders, and epilepsy, as well as gastrointestinal symptoms such as chronic constipation and diarrhea. Both the extensive list of ASD-associated disorders and adverse effects from commonly prescribed medications for patients with ASD can impact presenting symptomatology. It is important to keep these potential interactions in mind when considering additional drug treatments or complementary therapies. This review addresses current literature involving novel pharmacological treatments such as oxytocin, bumetanide, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, and memantine. It also discusses additional therapies such as diet intervention, acupuncture, music therapy, melatonin, and the use of technology to aid education. Notably, several of these therapies require more long-term research to determine efficacy in specific ASD groups within this patient population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan D Kaye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Kaitlyn E Allen
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
| | - Van S Smith Iii
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Victoria T Tong
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
| | - Vivian E Mire
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health New Orleans School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA
| | - Huy Nguyen
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Zachary Lee
- School of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Maria Kouri
- Anesthesia, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GRC
| | - Carlo Jean Baptiste
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Chizoba N Mosieri
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| | - Adam M Kaye
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Thomas J. Long School of Pharmacy, University of the Pacific, Stockton, USA
| | | | - Sahar Shekoohi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sousa D, Ferreira A, Rodrigues D, Pereira HC, Amaral J, Crisostomo J, Simoes M, Ribeiro M, Teixeira M, Castelo-Branco M. A neurophysiological signature of dynamic emotion recognition associated with social communication skills and cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid levels in children. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1295608. [PMID: 38164245 PMCID: PMC10757932 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1295608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Emotion recognition is a core feature of social perception. In particular, perception of dynamic facial emotional expressions is a major feature of the third visual pathway. However, the classical N170 visual evoked signal does not provide a pure correlate of such processing. Indeed, independent component analysis has demonstrated that the N170 component is already active at the time of the P100, and is therefore distorted by early components. Here we implemented, a dynamic face emotional paradigm to isolate a more pure face expression selective N170. We searched for a neural correlate of perception of dynamic facial emotional expressions, by starting with a face baseline from which a facial expression evolved. This allowed for a specific facial expression contrast signal which we aimed to relate with social communication abilities and cortical gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels. Methods We recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) and Magnetic Resonance (MRS) measures in 35 typically developing (TD) children, (10-16 years) sex-matched, during emotion recognition of an avatar morphing/unmorphing from neutral to happy/sad expressions. This task allowed for the elimination of the contribution low-level visual components, in particular the P100, by morphing baseline isoluminant neutral faces into specific expressions, isolating dynamic emotion recognition. Therefore, it was possible to isolate a dynamic face sensitive N170 devoid of interactions with earlier components. Results We found delayed N170 and P300, with a hysteresis type of dependence on stimulus trajectory (morphing/unmorphing), with hemispheric lateralization. The delayed N170 is generated by an extrastriate source, which can be related to the third visual pathway specialized in biological motion processing. GABA levels in visual cortex were related with N170 amplitude and latency and predictive of worse social communication performance (SCQ scores). N170 latencies reflected delayed processing speed of emotional expressions and related to worse social communication scores. Discussion In sum, we found a specific N170 electrophysiological signature of dynamic face processing related to social communication abilities and cortical GABA levels. These findings have potential clinical significance supporting the hypothesis of a spectrum of social communication abilities and the identification of a specific face-expression sensitive N170 which can potentially be used in the development of diagnostic and intervention tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Sousa
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health ICNAS, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Ferreira
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health ICNAS, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diana Rodrigues
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health ICNAS, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Helena Catarina Pereira
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health ICNAS, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Amaral
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health ICNAS, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Crisostomo
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health ICNAS, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marco Simoes
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health ICNAS, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Centre for Informatics and Systems, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mário Ribeiro
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health ICNAS, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marta Teixeira
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health ICNAS, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research CIBIT, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health ICNAS, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Psychology, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ford TJL, Jeon BT, Lee H, Kim WY. Dendritic spine and synapse pathology in chromatin modifier-associated autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 15:1048713. [PMID: 36743289 PMCID: PMC9892461 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1048713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Formation of dendritic spine and synapse is an essential final step of brain wiring to establish functional communication in the developing brain. Recent findings have displayed altered dendritic spine and synapse morphogenesis, plasticity, and related molecular mechanisms in animal models and post-mortem human brains of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID). Many genes and proteins are shown to be associated with spines and synapse development, and therefore neurodevelopmental disorders. In this review, however, particular attention will be given to chromatin modifiers such as AT-Rich Interactive Domain 1B (ARID1B), KAT8 regulatory non-specific lethal (NSL) complex subunit 1 (KANSL1), and WD Repeat Domain 5 (WDR5) which are among strong susceptibility factors for ASD and ID. Emerging evidence highlights the critical status of these chromatin remodeling molecules in dendritic spine morphogenesis and synaptic functions. Molecular and cellular insights of ARID1B, KANSL1, and WDR5 will integrate into our current knowledge in understanding and interpreting the pathogenesis of ASD and ID. Modulation of their activities or levels may be an option for potential therapeutic treatment strategies for these neurodevelopmental conditions.
Collapse
|
6
|
Alamdari SB, Sadeghi Damavandi M, Zarei M, Khosrowabadi R. Cognitive theories of autism based on the interactions between brain functional networks. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:828985. [PMID: 36310850 PMCID: PMC9614840 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.828985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive functions are directly related to interactions between the brain's functional networks. This functional organization changes in the autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the heterogeneous nature of autism brings inconsistency in the findings, and specific pattern of changes based on the cognitive theories of ASD still requires to be well-understood. In this study, we hypothesized that the theory of mind (ToM), and the weak central coherence theory must follow an alteration pattern in the network level of functional interactions. The main aim is to understand this pattern by evaluating interactions between all the brain functional networks. Moreover, the association between the significantly altered interactions and cognitive dysfunctions in autism is also investigated. We used resting-state fMRI data of 106 subjects (5-14 years, 46 ASD: five female, 60 HC: 18 female) to define the brain functional networks. Functional networks were calculated by applying four parcellation masks and their interactions were estimated using Pearson's correlation between pairs of them. Subsequently, for each mask, a graph was formed based on the connectome of interactions. Then, the local and global parameters of the graph were calculated. Finally, statistical analysis was performed using a two-sample t-test to highlight the significant differences between autistic and healthy control groups. Our corrected results show significant changes in the interaction of default mode, sensorimotor, visuospatial, visual, and language networks with other functional networks that can support the main cognitive theories of autism. We hope this finding sheds light on a better understanding of the neural underpinning of autism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mojtaba Zarei
- University of Southern Denmark, Neurology Unit, Odense, Denmark
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Khosrowabadi
- Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Scheper M, Romagnolo A, Besharat ZM, Iyer AM, Moavero R, Hertzberg C, Weschke B, Riney K, Feucht M, Scholl T, Petrak B, Maulisova A, Nabbout R, Jansen AC, Jansen FE, Lagae L, Urbanska M, Ferretti E, Tempes A, Blazejczyk M, Jaworski J, Kwiatkowski DJ, Jozwiak S, Kotulska K, Sadowski K, Borkowska J, Curatolo P, Mills JD, Aronica E. miRNAs and isomiRs: Serum-Based Biomarkers for the Development of Intellectual Disability and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081838. [PMID: 36009385 PMCID: PMC9405248 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a rare multi-system genetic disorder characterized by a high incidence of epilepsy and neuropsychiatric manifestations known as tuberous-sclerosis-associated neuropsychiatric disorders (TANDs), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory non-coding RNAs that regulate the expression of more than 60% of all protein-coding genes in humans and have been reported to be dysregulated in several diseases, including TSC. In the current study, RNA sequencing analysis was performed to define the miRNA and isoform (isomiR) expression patterns in serum. A Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to identify circulating molecular biomarkers, miRNAs, and isomiRs, able to discriminate the development of neuropsychiatric comorbidity, either ASD, ID, or ASD + ID, in patients with TSC. Part of our bioinformatics predictions was verified with RT-qPCR performed on RNA isolated from patients’ serum. Our results support the notion that circulating miRNAs and isomiRs have the potential to aid standard clinical testing in the early risk assessment of ASD and ID development in TSC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirte Scheper
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.S.); (A.R.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Alessia Romagnolo
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.S.); (A.R.); (A.M.I.)
| | - Zein Mersini Besharat
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (Z.M.B.); (E.F.)
| | - Anand M. Iyer
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.S.); (A.R.); (A.M.I.)
- Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Romina Moavero
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Systems Medicine Department, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.M.); (P.C.)
- Child Neurology Unit, Neuroscience Department, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Christoph Hertzberg
- Diagnose-und Behandlungszentrum für Kinder, Vivantes-Klinikum Neukölln, 12351 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Bernhard Weschke
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Kate Riney
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia;
- Neurosciences Unit, Queensland Children’s Hospital, South Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Martha Feucht
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, “Member of ERN EpiCARE”, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.F.); (T.S.)
| | - Theresa Scholl
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, “Member of ERN EpiCARE”, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (M.F.); (T.S.)
| | - Borivoj Petrak
- Motol University Hospital, Charles University, 15000 Prague, Czech Republic; (B.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Alice Maulisova
- Motol University Hospital, Charles University, 15000 Prague, Czech Republic; (B.P.); (A.M.)
| | - Rima Nabbout
- Reference Centre for Rare Epilepsies, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Necker Enfants Malades University Hospital, APHP, Member of ERN EpiCARE, Université de Paris, 149 Rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France;
| | - Anna C. Jansen
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, University of Antwerp, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium;
| | - Floor E. Jansen
- Department of Child Neurology, Brain Center University Medical Center, Member of ERN EpiCare, 3584 BA Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Lieven Lagae
- Department of Development and Regeneration Section Pediatric Neurology, University Hospitals KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
| | - Malgorzata Urbanska
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; (M.U.); (S.J.); (K.K.); (K.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Elisabetta Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (Z.M.B.); (E.F.)
| | - Aleksandra Tempes
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland; (A.T.); (M.B.); (J.J.)
| | - Magdalena Blazejczyk
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland; (A.T.); (M.B.); (J.J.)
| | - Jacek Jaworski
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland; (A.T.); (M.B.); (J.J.)
| | | | - Sergiusz Jozwiak
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; (M.U.); (S.J.); (K.K.); (K.S.); (J.B.)
- Department of Child Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kotulska
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; (M.U.); (S.J.); (K.K.); (K.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Krzysztof Sadowski
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; (M.U.); (S.J.); (K.K.); (K.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Julita Borkowska
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; (M.U.); (S.J.); (K.K.); (K.S.); (J.B.)
| | - Paolo Curatolo
- Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Systems Medicine Department, Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy; (R.M.); (P.C.)
| | - James D. Mills
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.S.); (A.R.); (A.M.I.)
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St Peter SL9 0RJ, UK
- Correspondence: (J.D.M.); (E.A.)
| | - Eleonora Aronica
- Department of (Neuro)Pathology Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (M.S.); (A.R.); (A.M.I.)
- Correspondence: (J.D.M.); (E.A.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liang S, Mody M. Abnormal Brain Oscillations in Developmental Disorders: Application of Resting State EEG and MEG in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Fragile X Syndrome. FRONTIERS IN NEUROIMAGING 2022; 1:903191. [PMID: 37555160 PMCID: PMC10406242 DOI: 10.3389/fnimg.2022.903191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) are neurodevelopmental disorders with similar clinical and behavior symptoms and partially overlapping and yet distinct neurobiological origins. It is therefore important to distinguish these disorders from each other as well as from typical development. Examining disruptions in functional connectivity often characteristic of neurodevelopment disorders may be one approach to doing so. This review focuses on EEG and MEG studies of resting state in ASD and FXS, a neuroimaging paradigm frequently used with difficult-to-test populations. It compares the brain regions and frequency bands that appear to be impacted, either in power or connectivity, in each disorder; as well as how these abnormalities may result in the observed symptoms. It argues that the findings in these studies are inconsistent and do not fit neatly into existing models of ASD and FXS, then highlights the gaps in the literature and recommends future avenues of inquiry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Liang
- College of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Maria Mody
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Guy MW, Black CJ, Hogan AL, Coyle RE, Richards JE, Roberts JE. A single-session behavioral protocol for successful event-related potential recording in children with neurodevelopmental disorders. Dev Psychobiol 2021; 63:e22194. [PMID: 34674246 PMCID: PMC9523962 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Event-related potentials (ERPs) are an ideal tool for measuring neural responses in a wide range of participants, including children diagnosed with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). However, due to perceived barriers regarding participant compliance, much of this work has excluded children with low IQ and/or reduced adaptive functioning, significant anxiety symptoms, and/or sensory processing difficulties, including heterogeneous samples of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and children with fragile X syndrome (FXS). We have developed a behavioral support protocol designed to obtain high-quality ERP data from children in a single session. Using this approach, ERP data were successfully collected from participants with ASD, FXS, and typical development (TD). Higher success rates were observed for children with ASD and TD than children with FXS. Unique clinical-behavioral characteristics were associated with successful data collection across these groups. Higher chronological age, nonverbal mental age, and receptive language skills were associated with a greater number of valid trials completed in children with ASD. In contrast, higher language ability, lower autism severity, increased anxiety, and increased sensory hyperresponsivity were associated with a greater number of valid trials completed in children with FXS. This work indicates that a "one-size-fits-all" approach cannot be taken to ERP research on children with NDDs, but that a single-session paradigm is feasible and is intended to promote increased representation of children with NDDs in neuroscience research through development of ERP methods that support inclusion of diverse and representative samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maggie W. Guy
- Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60660, USA
| | - Conner J. Black
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Abigail L. Hogan
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Ramsey E. Coyle
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - John E. Richards
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Jane E. Roberts
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bush L, Scott MN. Neuropsychological and ASD phenotypes in rare genetic syndromes: A critical review of the literature. Clin Neuropsychol 2021; 36:993-1027. [PMID: 34569897 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2021.1980111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition characterized by core deficits in social communication and restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests. Recent advances in clinical genetics have improved our understanding of genetic syndromes associated with ASD, which has helped clarify distinct etiologies of ASD and document syndrome-specific profiles of neurocognitive strengths and weaknesses. Pediatric neuropsychologists have the potential to be impactful members of the care team for children with genetic syndromes and their families. METHOD We provide a critical review of the current literature related to the neuropsychological profiles of children with four genetic syndromes associated with ASD, including Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC), fragile X syndrome (FXS), 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, and Angelman syndrome. Recommendations for assessment, intervention, and future directions are provided. RESULTS There is vast heterogeneity in terms of the cognitive, language, and developmental abilities of these populations. The within- and across-syndrome variability characteristic of genetic syndromes should be carefully considered during clinical evaluations, including possible measurement limitations, presence of intellectual disability, and important qualitative differences in the ASD-phenotypes across groups. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with genetic disorders pose challenging diagnostic and assessment questions. Pediatric neuropsychologists with expertise in neurodevelopmental processes are well suited to address these questions and identify profiles of neurocognitive strengths and weaknesses, tailor individualized recommendations, and provide diagnostic clarification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Bush
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Megan N Scott
- The Pritzker Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Al-Beltagi M. Autism medical comorbidities. World J Clin Pediatr 2021; 10:15-28. [PMID: 33972922 PMCID: PMC8085719 DOI: 10.5409/wjcp.v10.i3.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Medical comorbidities are more common in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) than in the general population. Some genetic disorders are more common in children with ASD such as Fragile X syndrome, Down syndrome, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, neurofibromatosis type I, and tuberous sclerosis complex. Children with autism are also more prone to a variety of neurological disorders, including epilepsy, macrocephaly, hydrocephalus, cerebral palsy, migraine/headaches, and congenital abnormalities of the nervous system. Besides, sleep disorders are a significant problem in individuals with autism, occurring in about 80% of them. Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are significantly more common in children with ASD; they occur in 46% to 84% of them. The most common GI problems observed in children with ASD are chronic constipation, chronic diarrhoea, gastroesophageal reflux and/or disease, nausea and/or vomiting, flatulence, chronic bloating, abdominal discomfort, ulcers, colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, food intolerance, and/or failure to thrive. Several categories of inborn-errors of metabolism have been observed in some patients with autism including mitochondrial disorders, disorders of creatine metabolism, selected amino acid disorders, disorders of folate or B12 metabolism, and selected lysosomal storage disorders. A significant proportion of children with ASD have evidence of persistent neuroinflammation, altered inflammatory responses, and immune abnormalities. Anti-brain antibodies may play an important pathoplastic mechanism in autism. Allergic disorders are significantly more common in individuals with ASD from all age groups. They influence the development and severity of symptoms. They could cause problematic behaviours in at least a significant subset of affected children. Therefore, it is important to consider the child with autism as a whole and not overlook possible symptoms as part of autism. The physician should rule out the presence of a medical condition before moving on to other interventions or therapies. Children who enjoy good health have a better chance of learning. This can apply to all children including those with autism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Beltagi
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center, King Abdulla Medical City, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain, Bahrain
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 0000000, Al Gharbia, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Al-Beltagi M. Autism medical comorbidities. World J Clin Pediatr 2021. [PMID: 33972922 DOI: 10.5409/wjcp.v10.i3.15.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Medical comorbidities are more common in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) than in the general population. Some genetic disorders are more common in children with ASD such as Fragile X syndrome, Down syndrome, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, neurofibromatosis type I, and tuberous sclerosis complex. Children with autism are also more prone to a variety of neurological disorders, including epilepsy, macrocephaly, hydrocephalus, cerebral palsy, migraine/headaches, and congenital abnormalities of the nervous system. Besides, sleep disorders are a significant problem in individuals with autism, occurring in about 80% of them. Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are significantly more common in children with ASD; they occur in 46% to 84% of them. The most common GI problems observed in children with ASD are chronic constipation, chronic diarrhoea, gastroesophageal reflux and/or disease, nausea and/or vomiting, flatulence, chronic bloating, abdominal discomfort, ulcers, colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, food intolerance, and/or failure to thrive. Several categories of inborn-errors of metabolism have been observed in some patients with autism including mitochondrial disorders, disorders of creatine metabolism, selected amino acid disorders, disorders of folate or B12 metabolism, and selected lysosomal storage disorders. A significant proportion of children with ASD have evidence of persistent neuroinflammation, altered inflammatory responses, and immune abnormalities. Anti-brain antibodies may play an important pathoplastic mechanism in autism. Allergic disorders are significantly more common in individuals with ASD from all age groups. They influence the development and severity of symptoms. They could cause problematic behaviours in at least a significant subset of affected children. Therefore, it is important to consider the child with autism as a whole and not overlook possible symptoms as part of autism. The physician should rule out the presence of a medical condition before moving on to other interventions or therapies. Children who enjoy good health have a better chance of learning. This can apply to all children including those with autism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Beltagi
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center, King Abdulla Medical City, Arabian Gulf University, Manama P.O. Box 26671, Bahrain, Bahrain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chaudhary R, Agarwal V, Kaushik AS, Rehman M. Involvement of myocyte enhancer factor 2c in the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06854. [PMID: 33981903 PMCID: PMC8082549 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2), a family of transcription factor of MADS (minichromosome maintenance 1, agamous, deficiens and serum response factor)-box family needed in the growth and differentiation of a variety of human cells, such as neural, immune, endothelial, and muscles. As per existing literature, MEF2 transcription factors have also been associated with synaptic plasticity, the developmental mechanisms governing memory and learning, and several neurologic conditions, like autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Recent genomic findings have ascertained a link between MEF2 defects, particularly in the MEF2C isoform and the ASD. In this review, we summarized a concise overview of the general regulation, structure and functional roles of the MEF2C transcription factor. We further outlined the potential role of MEF2C as a risk factor for various neurodevelopmental disorders, such as ASD, MEF2C Haploinsufficiency Syndrome and Fragile X syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| | - Vipul Agarwal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| | - Arjun Singh Kaushik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mujeeba Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lottes EN, Cox DN. Homeostatic Roles of the Proteostasis Network in Dendrites. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:264. [PMID: 33013325 PMCID: PMC7461941 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular protein homeostasis, or proteostasis, is indispensable to the survival and function of all cells. Distinct from other cell types, neurons are long-lived, exhibiting architecturally complex and diverse multipolar projection morphologies that can span great distances. These properties present unique demands on proteostatic machinery to dynamically regulate the neuronal proteome in both space and time. Proteostasis is regulated by a distributed network of cellular processes, the proteostasis network (PN), which ensures precise control of protein synthesis, native conformational folding and maintenance, and protein turnover and degradation, collectively safeguarding proteome integrity both under homeostatic conditions and in the contexts of cellular stress, aging, and disease. Dendrites are equipped with distributed cellular machinery for protein synthesis and turnover, including dendritically trafficked ribosomes, chaperones, and autophagosomes. The PN can be subdivided into an adaptive network of three major functional pathways that synergistically govern protein quality control through the action of (1) protein synthesis machinery; (2) maintenance mechanisms including molecular chaperones involved in protein folding; and (3) degradative pathways (e.g., Ubiquitin-Proteasome System (UPS), endolysosomal pathway, and autophagy. Perturbations in any of the three arms of proteostasis can have dramatic effects on neurons, especially on their dendrites, which require tightly controlled homeostasis for proper development and maintenance. Moreover, the critical importance of the PN as a cell surveillance system against protein dyshomeostasis has been highlighted by extensive work demonstrating that the aggregation and/or failure to clear aggregated proteins figures centrally in many neurological disorders. While these studies demonstrate the relevance of derangements in proteostasis to human neurological disease, here we mainly review recent literature on homeostatic developmental roles the PN machinery plays in the establishment, maintenance, and plasticity of stable and dynamic dendritic arbors. Beyond basic housekeeping functions, we consider roles of PN machinery in protein quality control mechanisms linked to dendritic plasticity (e.g., dendritic spine remodeling during LTP); cell-type specificity; dendritic morphogenesis; and dendritic pruning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin N Lottes
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Daniel N Cox
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tran KT, Le VS, Bui HTP, Do DH, Ly HTT, Nguyen HT, Dao LTM, Nguyen TH, Vu DM, Ha LT, Le HTT, Mukhopadhyay A, Nguyen LT. Genetic landscape of autism spectrum disorder in Vietnamese children. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5034. [PMID: 32193494 PMCID: PMC7081304 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61695-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex disorder with an unclear aetiology and an estimated global prevalence of 1%. However, studies of ASD in the Vietnamese population are limited. Here, we first conducted whole exome sequencing (WES) of 100 children with ASD and their unaffected parents. Our stringent analysis pipeline was able to detect 18 unique variants (8 de novo and 10 ×-linked, all validated), including 12 newly discovered variants. Interestingly, a notable number of X-linked variants were detected (56%), and all of them were found in affected males but not in affected females. We uncovered 17 genes from our ASD cohort in which CHD8, DYRK1A, GRIN2B, SCN2A, OFD1 and MDB5 have been previously identified as ASD risk genes, suggesting the universal aetiology of ASD for these genes. In addition, we identified six genes that have not been previously reported in any autism database: CHM, ENPP1, IGF1, LAS1L, SYP and TBX22. Gene ontology and phenotype-genotype analysis suggested that variants in IGF1, SYP and LAS1L could plausibly confer risk for ASD. Taken together, this study adds to the genetic heterogeneity of ASD and is the first report elucidating the genetic landscape of ASD in Vietnamese children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kien Trung Tran
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung district, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Vinh Sy Le
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung district, Hanoi, Vietnam.
- University of Engineering and Technology, Vietnam National University Hanoi, 144 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay ditrict, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Hoa Thi Phuong Bui
- Department of Gene Technology, Hi-tech Center, Vinmec International Hospital, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung district, Hanoi, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duong Huy Do
- Department of Gene Technology, Hi-tech Center, Vinmec International Hospital, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung district, Hanoi, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ha Thi Thanh Ly
- Department of Gene Technology, Hi-tech Center, Vinmec International Hospital, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung district, Hanoi, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hieu Thi Nguyen
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung district, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Lan Thi Mai Dao
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung district, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Hong Nguyen
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung district, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Duc Minh Vu
- Department of Gene Technology, Hi-tech Center, Vinmec International Hospital, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung district, Hanoi, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Lien Thi Ha
- Department of Gene Technology, Hi-tech Center, Vinmec International Hospital, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung district, Hanoi, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huong Thi Thanh Le
- Department of Gene Technology, Hi-tech Center, Vinmec International Hospital, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung district, Hanoi, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Arijit Mukhopadhyay
- Translational Medicine Laboratory, Biomedical Research Centre, School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, Manchester, M5 4WT, United Kingdom
| | - Liem Thanh Nguyen
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, 458 Minh Khai, Hai Ba Trung district, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sharma VK, Subramanian SK, Rajendran R. Comparison of cognitive auditory event related potentials and executive functions in adolescent athletes and non-athletes - A cross sectional study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 11:274-282. [PMID: 31993102 PMCID: PMC6971495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
There is strong evidence for the positive physical health outcomes of physical conditioning (athletic training. But there is a dearth of data on the impact of exercise on cognition, particularly in the adolescent age group. Further, most of the studies done on this topic are mainly acute in nature, and few that have seen long term effect of exercise have very rarely used objective measures such as event-related potentials. Hence, the present study was conceived to compare cognition in athletes (individual who have undergone long term physical activity) and non-athletes. We designed a cross-sectional comparative study involving apparently healthy volunteer boys in the age group of 10-19 years-non-athletes (n = 30) and athletes (n = 30). Paper pencil tests such as letter cancellation test, auditory and visual recognition reaction time, trail making test (A and B) were recorded along with auditory event-related potentials (N100, P200, N200, and P300). Data were analyzed using an unpaired t-test and Mann-Whitney U test according to the data distribution. Athletes completed letter cancellation task and trail making test faster than non-athletes. Athletes visual and auditory reaction time were lesser. Athletes had reduced latency and higher amplitude of auditory event-related potentials (N100, P200, N200, and P300) as compared to non-athletes. Hence, we conclude that athletic level physical training has a beneficial role in the executive cognitive domain among adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar Sharma
- Department of Physiology, Government Institute of Medical SciencesGreater Noida, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India
| | - Senthil Kumar Subramanian
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical SciencesMangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh 52008, India
| | - Rajathi Rajendran
- Department of Physiology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research InstitutePillaiyarkuppam, Pondicherry 607403, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Benachenhou S, Etcheverry A, Galarneau L, Dubé J, Çaku A. Implication of hypocholesterolemia in autism spectrum disorder and its associated comorbidities: A retrospective case-control study. Autism Res 2019; 12:1860-1869. [PMID: 31385649 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been associated with low cholesterol levels in a limited number of studies. However, the prevalence of hypocholesterolemia as well as the degree of association with ASD remains to be elucidated. We therefore sought to investigate the lipid profiles of a group of French-Canadian ASD individuals. The medical records of 79 ASD individuals and 79 age and gender-matched healthy controls were retrospectively reviewed. The fasting lipid profiles including total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein were extracted for individuals of both groups along with the following clinical data: anthropometric measurements, medication use and associated disorders. Lipid parameters were compared to age and gender-based normative population and categorized in centile groups. The prevalence of hypocholesterolemia was revealed to be more than threefold higher in ASD individuals as compared to the general population (23%; P = 0.005). The 25th centile was determined as a potential TC threshold that could best predict the ASD (odds ratio [OR] = 3.04; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.58-6.65; P < 0.001). This study identified specific ASD comorbidities associated with hypocholesterolemia: TC levels below the 10th centile were associated with a higher rate of ASD-associated intellectual disability (OR = 3.33; 95% CI: 1.26-8.00) and anxiety/depression (OR = 4.74; 95% CI: 1.40-15.73). Overall, these results support a potential association between hypocholesterolemia and ASD occurrence. Application of this study to larger populations is urging to provide more extensive data that may further elucidate the association between hypocholesterolemia and ASD. Autism Res 2019, 12: 1860-1869. © 2019 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Association of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with abnormally low levels of cholesterol (hypocholesterolemia) has been documented before. These studies were incomplete, and the conclusion remains speculative. Here, we reviewed the medical records of 79 French-Canadian ASD individuals and compared their total cholesterol (TC) levels to healthy individuals matched for age and gender. We observed four times more hypocholesterolemia in ASD than in the general population. Furthermore, low TC in ASD was associated with higher rates of ASD-associated intellectual disability and anxiety/depression. Our results support an association between hypocholesterolemia and ASD and open novel opportunities for the diagnosis and treatment of specific forms of ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sérine Benachenhou
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universite de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Antoine Etcheverry
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universite de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Luc Galarneau
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universite de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean Dubé
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universite de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Artuela Çaku
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universite de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Drozd M, Bardoni B, Capovilla M. Modeling Fragile X Syndrome in Drosophila. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:124. [PMID: 29713264 PMCID: PMC5911982 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) and autism are hallmarks of Fragile X Syndrome (FXS), a hereditary neurodevelopmental disorder. The gene responsible for FXS is Fragile X Mental Retardation gene 1 (FMR1) encoding the Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP), an RNA-binding protein involved in RNA metabolism and modulating the expression level of many targets. Most cases of FXS are caused by silencing of FMR1 due to CGG expansions in the 5'-UTR of the gene. Humans also carry the FXR1 and FXR2 paralogs of FMR1 while flies have only one FMR1 gene, here called dFMR1, sharing the same level of sequence homology with all three human genes, but functionally most similar to FMR1. This enables a much easier approach for FMR1 genetic studies. Drosophila has been widely used to investigate FMR1 functions at genetic, cellular, and molecular levels since dFMR1 mutants have many phenotypes in common with the wide spectrum of FMR1 functions that underlay the disease. In this review, we present very recent Drosophila studies investigating FMRP functions at genetic, cellular, molecular, and electrophysiological levels in addition to research on pharmacological treatments in the fly model. These studies have the potential to aid the discovery of pharmacological therapies for FXS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Drozd
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France.,CNRS LIA (Neogenex), Valbonne, France
| | - Barbara Bardoni
- CNRS LIA (Neogenex), Valbonne, France.,Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France
| | - Maria Capovilla
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, Valbonne, France.,CNRS LIA (Neogenex), Valbonne, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Waye MMY, Cheng HY. Genetics and epigenetics of autism: A Review. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2018; 72:228-244. [PMID: 28941239 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Autism is a developmental disorder that starts before age 3 years, and children with autism have impairment in both social interaction and communication, and have restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior, interests, and activities. There is a strong heritable component of autism and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) as studies have shown that parents who have a child with ASD have a 2-18% chance of having a second child with ASD. The prevalence of autism and ASD have been increasing during the last 3 decades and much research has been carried out to understand the etiology, so as to develop novel preventive and treatment strategies. This review aims at summarizing the latest research studies related to autism and ASD, focusing not only on the genetics but also some epigenetic findings of autism/ASD. Some promising areas of research using transgenic/knockout animals and some ideas related to potential novel treatment and prevention strategies will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary M Y Waye
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Croucher Laboratory for Human Genomics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ho Yu Cheng
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Croucher Laboratory for Human Genomics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Knoth IS, Lajnef T, Rigoulot S, Lacourse K, Vannasing P, Michaud JL, Jacquemont S, Major P, Jerbi K, Lippé S. Auditory repetition suppression alterations in relation to cognitive functioning in fragile X syndrome: a combined EEG and machine learning approach. J Neurodev Disord 2018; 10:4. [PMID: 29378522 PMCID: PMC5789548 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-018-9223-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a neurodevelopmental genetic disorder causing cognitive and behavioural deficits. Repetition suppression (RS), a learning phenomenon in which stimulus repetitions result in diminished brain activity, has been found to be impaired in FXS. Alterations in RS have been associated with behavioural problems in FXS; however, relations between RS and intellectual functioning have not yet been elucidated. Methods EEG was recorded in 14 FXS participants and 25 neurotypical controls during an auditory habituation paradigm using repeatedly presented pseudowords. Non-phased locked signal energy was compared across presentations and between groups using linear mixed models (LMMs) in order to investigate RS effects across repetitions and brain areas and a possible relation to non-verbal IQ (NVIQ) in FXS. In addition, we explored group differences according to NVIQ and we probed the feasibility of training a support vector machine to predict cognitive functioning levels across FXS participants based on single-trial RS features. Results LMM analyses showed that repetition effects differ between groups (FXS vs. controls) as well as with respect to NVIQ in FXS. When exploring group differences in RS patterns, we found that neurotypical controls revealed the expected pattern of RS between the first and second presentations of a pseudoword. More importantly, while FXS participants in the ≤ 42 NVIQ group showed no RS, the > 42 NVIQ group showed a delayed RS response after several presentations. Concordantly, single-trial estimates of repetition effects over the first four repetitions provided the highest decoding accuracies in the classification between the FXS participant groups. Conclusion Electrophysiological measures of repetition effects provide a non-invasive and unbiased measure of brain responses sensitive to cognitive functioning levels, which may be useful for clinical trials in FXS. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s11689-018-9223-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inga Sophia Knoth
- Neuroscience of Early Development (NED), 90 Avenue Vincent-D'indy, Montreal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada. .,Research Center of the CHU Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, 3175 Chemin Côte Ste-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada.
| | - Tarek Lajnef
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, 90 Avenue Vincent-D'indy, Montreal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada.,Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), 90 Avenue Vincent-D'indy, Montreal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada
| | - Simon Rigoulot
- Neuroscience of Early Development (NED), 90 Avenue Vincent-D'indy, Montreal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada.,Research Center of the CHU Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, 3175 Chemin Côte Ste-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, 90 Avenue Vincent-D'indy, Montreal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada.,Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), 90 Avenue Vincent-D'indy, Montreal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada.,International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), 1430 Boul Mont-Royal, Montreal, QC, H2V 2J2, Canada
| | - Karine Lacourse
- Research Center of the CHU Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, 3175 Chemin Côte Ste-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Phetsamone Vannasing
- Research Center of the CHU Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, 3175 Chemin Côte Ste-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Jacques L Michaud
- Research Center of the CHU Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, 3175 Chemin Côte Ste-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, 2900 boulevard Édouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Sébastien Jacquemont
- Research Center of the CHU Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, 3175 Chemin Côte Ste-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Philippe Major
- Research Center of the CHU Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, 3175 Chemin Côte Ste-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Karim Jerbi
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, 90 Avenue Vincent-D'indy, Montreal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada.,Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), 90 Avenue Vincent-D'indy, Montreal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada.,International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), 1430 Boul Mont-Royal, Montreal, QC, H2V 2J2, Canada.,Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal (CRIUSMM), 7401 Rue Hochelaga, Montréal, QC, H1N 3M5, Canada.,Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), 4565, chemin Queen-Mary, Montreal, QC, H3W 1W5, Canada
| | - Sarah Lippé
- Neuroscience of Early Development (NED), 90 Avenue Vincent-D'indy, Montreal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada.,Research Center of the CHU Sainte-Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, 3175 Chemin Côte Ste-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, 90 Avenue Vincent-D'indy, Montreal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada.,Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC), 90 Avenue Vincent-D'indy, Montreal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada.,International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), 1430 Boul Mont-Royal, Montreal, QC, H2V 2J2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ballantyne CJ, Núñez M, Manoussaki K. Visuo-spatial construction trajectories in Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) and Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD): Evidence of cognitive heterogeneity within neurodevelopmental conditions. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2017; 70:113-125. [PMID: 28923376 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS There have been discrepancies reported in visuo-spatial construction ability in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), fragile X Syndrome (FXS) and those with a comorbid diagnosis of FXS and ASD (AFXS). This study aimed to provide a better understanding of the visuo-spatial processing styles in these heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders. METHODS AND PROCEDURE Navon-type tasks were used to assess visuo-spatial construction ability across 5 groups of children: typically developing, FXS, AFXS, ASD children who scored low-moderate (HFA) and ASD children that scored severe (LFA) on the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Analyses of their developmental trajectories compared the performance of these groups. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Each group produced their own distinct trajectory. HFA achieved higher scores from an earlier age than the TD group, while the LFA group's performance was driven by a bias in local processing. The FXS performance was normalised by using mental age as a predictor while neither mental nor chronological age predicted the AFXS group performance. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The study showed unique processing styles. These findings highlight the importance of taking comorbidity and the severity of symptoms within each condition into account in order to understand cognitive abilities and cognitive profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carrie J Ballantyne
- Department of Psychology, School of Media, Culture and Society, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, High Street, PA1 2BE, United Kingdom.
| | - María Núñez
- Department of Psychology, School of Media, Culture and Society, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, High Street, PA1 2BE, United Kingdom.
| | - Kallia Manoussaki
- Department of Psychology, School of Media, Culture and Society, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, High Street, PA1 2BE, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Rigoulot S, Knoth IS, Lafontaine M, Vannasing P, Major P, Jacquemont S, Michaud JL, Jerbi K, Lippé S. Altered visual repetition suppression in Fragile X Syndrome: New evidence from ERPs and oscillatory activity. Int J Dev Neurosci 2017; 59:52-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Rigoulot
- Departement de PsychologieUniversité de MontréalMontrealCanada
- Neuroscience of Early Development (NED)MontrealCanada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC)MontrealCanada
- Research Center of the CHU Ste‐Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Université de MontrealQuebecCanada
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS)MontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Inga S. Knoth
- Neuroscience of Early Development (NED)MontrealCanada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC)MontrealCanada
- Research Center of the CHU Ste‐Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Université de MontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Marc‐Philippe Lafontaine
- Departement de PsychologieUniversité de MontréalMontrealCanada
- Neuroscience of Early Development (NED)MontrealCanada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC)MontrealCanada
- Research Center of the CHU Ste‐Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Université de MontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Phetsamone Vannasing
- Research Center of the CHU Ste‐Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Université de MontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Philippe Major
- Research Center of the CHU Ste‐Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Université de MontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Sébastien Jacquemont
- Research Center of the CHU Ste‐Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Université de MontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Jacques L. Michaud
- Research Center of the CHU Ste‐Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Université de MontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Karim Jerbi
- Departement de PsychologieUniversité de MontréalMontrealCanada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC)MontrealCanada
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS)MontrealQuebecCanada
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal (CRIUSMM)
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM)
| | - Sarah Lippé
- Departement de PsychologieUniversité de MontréalMontrealCanada
- Neuroscience of Early Development (NED)MontrealCanada
- Centre de Recherche en Neuropsychologie et Cognition (CERNEC)MontrealCanada
- Research Center of the CHU Ste‐Justine Mother and Child University Hospital Center, Université de MontrealQuebecCanada
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS)MontrealQuebecCanada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hull JV, Dokovna LB, Jacokes ZJ, Torgerson CM, Irimia A, Van Horn JD. Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Review. Front Psychiatry 2017; 7:205. [PMID: 28101064 PMCID: PMC5209637 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2016.00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ongoing debate exists within the resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) literature over how intrinsic connectivity is altered in the autistic brain, with reports of general over-connectivity, under-connectivity, and/or a combination of both. Classifying autism using brain connectivity is complicated by the heterogeneous nature of the condition, allowing for the possibility of widely variable connectivity patterns among individuals with the disorder. Further differences in reported results may be attributable to the age and sex of participants included, designs of the resting-state scan, and to the analysis technique used to evaluate the data. This review systematically examines the resting-state fMRI autism literature to date and compares studies in an attempt to draw overall conclusions that are presently challenging. We also propose future direction for rs-fMRI use to categorize individuals with autism spectrum disorder, serve as a possible diagnostic tool, and best utilize data-sharing initiatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyn V. Hull
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (LONI), The Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics (INI), Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lisa B. Dokovna
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (LONI), The Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics (INI), Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zachary J. Jacokes
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (LONI), The Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics (INI), Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carinna M. Torgerson
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (LONI), The Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics (INI), Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - John Darrell Van Horn
- Laboratory of Neuro Imaging (LONI), The Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics (INI), Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lu P, Chen X, Feng Y, Zeng Q, Jiang C, Zhu X, Fan G, Xue Z. Integrated transcriptome analysis of human iPS cells derived from a fragile X syndrome patient during neuronal differentiation. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2016; 59:1093-1105. [PMID: 27730449 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-016-0194-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) patients carry the expansion of over 200 CGG repeats at the promoter of fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1), leading to decreased or absent expression of its encoded fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). However, the global transcriptional alteration by FMRP deficiency has not been well characterized at single nucleotide resolution, i.e., RNA-seq. Here, we performed in-vitro neuronal differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells that were derived from fibroblasts of a FXS patient (FXS-iPSC). We then performed RNA-seq and examined the transcriptional misregulation at each intermediate stage during in-vitro differentiation of FXS-iPSC into neurons. After thoroughly analyzing the transcriptomic data and integrating them with those from other platforms, we found up-regulation of many genes encoding TFs for neuronal differentiation (WNT1, BMP4, POU3F4, TFAP2C, and PAX3), down-regulation of potassium channels (KCNA1, KCNC3, KCNG2, KCNIP4, KCNJ3, KCNK9, and KCNT1) and altered temporal regulation of SHANK1 and NNAT in FXS-iPSC derived neurons, indicating impaired neuronal differentiation and function in FXS patients. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the FMRP deficiency in FXS patients has significant impact on the gene expression patterns during development, which will help to discover potential targeting candidates for the cure of FXS symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Lu
- Tongji Stem Cell Research Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaolong Chen
- Tongji University, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yun Feng
- Tongji Stem Cell Research Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qiao Zeng
- Tongji Stem Cell Research Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Cizhong Jiang
- Tongji University, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xianmin Zhu
- Tongji University, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Guoping Fan
- Tongji University, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Zhigang Xue
- Tongji Stem Cell Research Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Translational Center for Stem Cell Research, Tongji Hospital, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China.
- Tongji University Suzhou Institute, Suzhou, 215101, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Benning SD, Kovac M, Campbell A, Miller S, Hanna EK, Damiano CR, Sabatino-DiCriscio A, Turner-Brown L, Sasson NJ, Aaron RV, Kinard J, Dichter GS. Late Positive Potential ERP Responses to Social and Nonsocial Stimuli in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 2016; 46:3068-77. [PMID: 27344337 PMCID: PMC4988236 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-016-2845-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We examined the late positive potential (LPP) event related potential in response to social and nonsocial stimuli from youths 9 to 19 years old with (n = 35) and without (n = 34) ASD. Social stimuli were faces with positive expressions and nonsocial stimuli were related to common restricted interests in ASD (e.g., electronics, vehicles, etc.). The ASD group demonstrated relatively smaller LPP amplitude to social stimuli and relatively larger LPP amplitude to nonsocial stimuli. There were no group differences in subjective ratings of images, and there were no significant correlations between LPP amplitude and ASD symptom severity within the ASD group. LPP results suggest blunted motivational responses to social stimuli and heightened motivational responses to nonsocial stimuli in youth with ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D Benning
- Department of Psychology, University of Nevada at Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA.
| | - Megan Kovac
- New York Presbyterian-Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alana Campbell
- Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Stephanie Miller
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Social Work, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Eleanor K Hanna
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Cara R Damiano
- Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Antoinette Sabatino-DiCriscio
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Geisinger Autism Center, 120 Hamm Drive, Lewisburg, PA, USA
| | | | - Noah J Sasson
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, 75080-3021, USA
| | - Rachel V Aaron
- Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jessica Kinard
- Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Gabriel S Dichter
- Carolina Institute for Developmental Disabilities, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ma Y, Tian S, He S, Chen Q, Wang Z, Xiao X, Fu L, Lei X. The mechanism of action of FXR1P-related miR-19b-3p in SH-SY5Y. Gene 2016; 588:62-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
27
|
Ethridge LE, White SP, Mosconi MW, Wang J, Byerly MJ, Sweeney JA. Reduced habituation of auditory evoked potentials indicate cortical hyper-excitability in Fragile X Syndrome. Transl Psychiatry 2016; 6:e787. [PMID: 27093069 PMCID: PMC4872406 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2016.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensory hypersensitivities are common, clinically distressing features of Fragile X Syndrome (FXS). Preclinical evidence suggests this abnormality may result from synaptic hyper-excitability in sensory systems. This model predicts reduced sensory habituation to repeated stimulus presentation. Fourteen adolescents and adults with FXS and 15 age-matched controls participated in a modified auditory gating task using trains of 4 identical tones during dense array electroencephalography (EEG). Event-related potential and single trial time-frequency analyses revealed decreased habituation of the N1 event-related potential response in FXS, and increased gamma power coupled with decreases in gamma phase-locking during the early-stimulus registration period. EEG abnormalities in FXS were associated with parent reports of heightened sensory sensitivities and social communication deficits. Reduced habituation and altered gamma power and phase-locking to auditory cues demonstrated here in FXS patients parallels preclinical findings with Fmr1 KO mice. Thus, the EEG abnormalities seen in FXS patients support the model of neocortical hyper-excitability in FXS, and may provide useful translational biomarkers for evaluating novel treatment strategies targeting its neural substrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L E Ethridge
- Department of Pediatrics, Section on Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA,Department of Psychology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Section on Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 1100 North East 13th Street, Nicholson Tower, Suite 4900, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA. E-mail:
| | - S P White
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - M W Mosconi
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA,Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA,Departments of Applied Behavioral Science and Psychology, Schiefelbusch Institute for Life Span Studies and Clinical Child Psychology Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - J Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - M J Byerly
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - J A Sweeney
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA,Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Russo P, Kisialiou A, Lamonaca P, Moroni R, Prinzi G, Fini M. New Drugs from Marine Organisms in Alzheimer's Disease. Mar Drugs 2015; 14:5. [PMID: 26712769 PMCID: PMC4728502 DOI: 10.3390/md14010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder. Current approved drugs may only ameliorate symptoms in a restricted number of patients and for a restricted period of time. Currently, there is a translational research challenge into identifying the new effective drugs and their respective new therapeutic targets in AD and other neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, selected examples of marine-derived compounds in neurodegeneration, specifically in AD field are reported. The emphasis has been done on compounds and their possible relevant biological activities. The proposed drug development paradigm and current hypotheses should be accurately investigated in the future of AD therapy directions although taking into account successful examples of such approach represented by Cytarabine, Trabectedin, Eribulin and Ziconotide. We review a complexity of the translational research for such a development of new therapies for AD. Bryostatin is a prominent candidate for the therapy of AD and other types of dementia in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Russo
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Division, IRCCS "San RaffaelePisana" Via di Valcannuta, 247, RomeI-00166, Italy.
| | - Aliaksei Kisialiou
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Division, IRCCS "San RaffaelePisana" Via di Valcannuta, 247, RomeI-00166, Italy.
| | - Palma Lamonaca
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Division, IRCCS "San RaffaelePisana" Via di Valcannuta, 247, RomeI-00166, Italy.
| | - Rossana Moroni
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Division, IRCCS "San RaffaelePisana" Via di Valcannuta, 247, RomeI-00166, Italy.
| | - Giulia Prinzi
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology Division, IRCCS "San RaffaelePisana" Via di Valcannuta, 247, RomeI-00166, Italy.
| | - Massimo Fini
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS "San RaffaelePisana" Via di Valcannuta, 247, Rome I-00166, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|