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Alrasheeday A, Alsaeed MA, Alshammari B, Alshammari F, Alrashidi AS, Alsaif TA, Mahmoud SK, Cabansag DI, Borja MV, Alsayed AR, Elalem OM, Nageeb SM, Allam RAE, Alhejaili TN, Alsulami HF, Siam BGAE. Sleep quality among emergency nurses and its influencing factors during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1363527. [PMID: 39100564 PMCID: PMC11297352 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1363527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background COVID-19 has probably contributed to sleep disturbance among nurses, especially those working at emergency departments (EDs). Sleep disorders in nurse managers can negatively impact their health and impair work performance and decision-making. This study aimed to explore the quality of sleep among nurses working in EDs and its influencing factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method In this study, a cross-sectional design was employed to assess the sleep quality of nurses working in EDs during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research recruited a convenience sample of emergency nurses, who were selectively sourced from four hospitals in Hail City. This recruitment occurred over the period from April to July 2022. Descriptive data analysis was conducted using SPSS, with the significance level set at 0.05. Results Among the 216 participants in the study, the majority (55.6%) were aged between 30 and 39 years, and 73.6% were female. Additionally, 64.4% were married, while 69.4% had a bachelor's degree, 20% held a diploma, and the remaining had a master's degree. Notably, a significant 81.5% of the nurses reported poor sleep quality, as assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), with an overall mean score of 10.55 indicating poor sleep. The study highlighted that poor sleep quality among nurses was linked to being female, being married, and not exercising regularly. Better sleep was associated with nurses who manage fewer patients per shift and have adequate monthly income. Conclusion The prevalence of poor sleep quality among Emergency nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic is high. There is a pressing need for targeted interventions to enhance sleep quality among ED nurses. Improving sleep quality is not only essential for the wellbeing of these nurses but is also likely to contribute to better patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awatif Alrasheeday
- Department of Nursing Administration, College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Ali Alsaeed
- Damam Health Network, Eastern Health Cluster, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bushra Alshammari
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farhan Alshammari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asia Saad Alrashidi
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki Ahmed Alsaif
- Department of Mental Health Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soha Kamel Mahmoud
- Community Health Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Benha University, Banha, Egypt
| | - Dolores I. Cabansag
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ma Venus Borja
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad R. Alsayed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Omaima Mohamed Elalem
- Community Health Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
- Family and Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa Mohamed Nageeb
- Department of Mental Health Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rania Abd-Elnaby Allam
- Department of Maternal and Child, College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Haneen Fahad Alsulami
- Adult ICU, King Abdullah Medical City Hospital, Makkah Health Cluster, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bahia Galal Abd Elrazik Siam
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, College of Nursing, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
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Nasr R, Rahman AA, Haddad C, Nasr N, Karam J, Hayek J, Ismael I, Swaidan E, Salameh P, Alami N. The impact of financial stress on student wellbeing in Lebanese higher education. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1809. [PMID: 38971735 PMCID: PMC11227159 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19312-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The financial crisis has indirectly affected Lebanese university students, leading to economic distress. Accordingly, this study aimed to assess the substantial negative impact of financial stress on the mental health and well-being of Lebanese college students. METHODS A quantitative research approach was applied and took place from June 13th to July 25th, 2023, targeting 1272 university students aged 17 and above from private and public universities across Lebanon through convenience sampling. The InCharge Financial Distress/Financial Well-Being scale (IFDFW), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Beirut Distress Scale (BDS-10), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), and Well-Being Index (WHO-5) were used to assess the students' well-being. Descriptive analyses of the data was performed using SPSS software version 25. RESULTS 1272 university students participated in this study, mostly females, with a mean age of 21.64 (± 4.43) years. Participants reported a lack of financial independence, unemployment, and no income. Positive associations were obtained between the BDS total scale as well as the PSS total and PSQI scores, while there was a significant negative relationship between IFDFW and PSQI scores. Those with a higher GPA, majoring in science/health and medicine, living in rural areas, and graduate students were linked to lower PSQI and BDS-10 scores. Financial aid and financial independence were associated with lower PSQI and BDS-10 scores. PSS-10 scores were higher among students majoring in science/health and medicine. Higher scores on the IFDFW scale correlated with lower BDS-10 and PSS-10 scores. In contrast, females had higher BDS-10 and PSS-10 scores. Scoring higher on the PSS-10 and PSQI scales, living off campus, or majoring in science/health and medicine, were associated with higher on the WHO-5 scale. CONCLUSIONS A significant impact of financial stress on college students in Lebanon was obtained, affecting their well-being and mental health aspects. Marital status, gender, academic major, region of living, and financial independence also influences students' experiences. Tailored support and further research are needed to address these multifaceted challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Nasr
- School of Health Sciences, Modern University for Business and Science, Damour, Lebanon
- Center of Excellence in Research, Education, and Cultural Studies (CEREC), Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Liberal Education, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abir Abdel Rahman
- Medical Laboratory Sciences Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Balamand, Balamand, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- School of Health Sciences, Modern University for Business and Science, Damour, Lebanon
- Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Nada Nasr
- Center of Excellence in Research, Education, and Cultural Studies (CEREC), Beirut, Lebanon
- School of Education and Social Work, Modern University for Business and Science, Damour, Lebanon
| | - Joanne Karam
- Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Natural Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jessy Hayek
- Faculty of Nursing & Health Sciences, Notre Dame University Louaize, American University of Beirut (AUB), Zouk Mosbeh, Lebanon
| | - Ibrahim Ismael
- Center of Excellence in Research, Education, and Cultural Studies (CEREC), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Eman Swaidan
- Center of Excellence in Research, Education, and Cultural Studies (CEREC), Beirut, Lebanon
- Research Department, Modern University for Business and Science, Damour, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon.
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon.
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, 2417, Cyprus.
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon.
| | - Nael Alami
- School of Health Sciences, Modern University for Business and Science, Damour, Lebanon
- Center of Excellence in Research, Education, and Cultural Studies (CEREC), Beirut, Lebanon
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Lahoud C, Merhi G, Kahwaji GJ, Lahoud R, Hallit S, Fekih-Romdhane F, Mattar H. Depression, Anxiety and Poor Sleep Quality are Associated with Chronotype and Financial Wellness in University Students. Psychol Rep 2024:332941241251457. [PMID: 38755110 DOI: 10.1177/00332941241251457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Background: Evidence suggests the importance of a person's chronotype in predicting various aspects of an individual's physical and mental health. While the effect of depression on sleep is well established, the impact of a person's specific sleep timing and chronotype on the prevalence of both depression and anxiety has yet to be fully understood, especially among university students, vulnerable to mental health problems. In addition, other factors also seem to influence the occurrence of depression and anxiety among students as well as their quality of sleep, one of which being the students' financial wellness. The objective was to evaluate the association between chronotype and the severity and prevalence of depression among Lebanese university students, while also taking into account the possible connection between chronotype and financial wellness and both anxiety and sleep quality. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2021 and February 2022; 330 Lebanese university students was included (mean age 21.75 ± 2.43; 67.3% females). Results: The majority of the Lebanese university students in our sample were found to have an intermediate typology (63.0%), followed by the evening typology, which appeared to constitute 28.2% of the sample, while only 8.8% possessed a morning typology. In this study, having an intermediate or evening typology compared to a morning one was significantly associated with higher depression and worse sleep quality. In addition, having an evening chronotype compared to a morningness propensity was significantly associated with more anxiety. Conclusion: This study found a positive association between an evening typology (chronotype) and higher depression and anxiety and poorer quality of sleep. Although preliminary and based on cross-sectional data, this research could help provide a better understanding of the different chronotypes among university students, and of the possible increased susceptibility of some of these typologies (i.e., evening-type) to mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christele Lahoud
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Georges Merhi
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Georges-Junior Kahwaji
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Rachele Lahoud
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hanna Mattar
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Department of Neurology, Notre-Dame des Secours University Hospital, Byblos, Lebanon
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Jaffar N, Mohd Faizal S, Selamat Z, Alias N. Muslim young adults' financial strain and financial stress during the COVID-19 pandemic: The moderating role of religiosity. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21047. [PMID: 37876443 PMCID: PMC10590929 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic affected everyone's lives and general well-being worldwide, including young adults. Young adulthood is marked by a shift in various social areas including acquiring financial independence. As the pandemic was an exceptional scenario in all nations, there is a research gap in analysing how it would affect financial experiences of young adults, particularly the Muslim young adults. These individuals may face financial stress as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic due to their high level of financial strain. Furthermore, little is still known about the role that religiosity may play in the relationship between the financial strain and financial stress, notably during the pandemic. The objectives of this study were to examine the level of financial strain and financial stress of Muslim young adults, assess the effect of financial strain on financial stress of Muslim young adults and investigate the moderating effect of religiosity on the relationship between Muslim young adults' financial strain and financial stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. A survey of 230 Muslim young adults was conducted in Malaysia. Results showed that thirty percent of Muslim young adults fell under high level of financial strain while majority of them fell under high level of financial stress. Additionally, financial strain had a significant positive effect on the financial stress of Muslim young adults. This means that the more financially strained, the more Muslim young adults experienced financial stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Religiosity, however, did not moderate the relationship between financial strain and financial stress. These results highlighted the significance of comprehending the level of financial strain and financial stress experienced by Muslim young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results provided relevant parties insights in developing strategies for Muslim young adults to manage financial strain and financial stress to reduce the negative effect of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahariah Jaffar
- School of Economics and Management, Xiamen University Malaysia, 43900 Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sellywati Mohd Faizal
- Faculty of Management, Multimedia University, Persiaran Multimedia, 63100 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zarehan Selamat
- Faculty of Management, Multimedia University, Persiaran Multimedia, 63100 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norazlan Alias
- Faculty of Economics and Management, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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Yared L, Rodrigues K, Mangal R, Stead TS, Ganti L. Sleep Hygiene, Daytime Sleepiness, and Coping Mechanisms Amongst US Adults. Cureus 2023; 15:e45608. [PMID: 37868531 PMCID: PMC10588676 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) can be measured by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and has been shown to be prevalent in the United States. This study aimed to survey the levels of EDS in US adults and explore factors related to sleep hygiene. Methods An anonymous web-based survey was conducted, polling the frequency of hypersomnia symptoms, sleep quality, and time spent in their occupation. Respondents were at least 21 years of age and United States residents. Participants reported information related to age, gender, education, income, and race in addition to their responses to the survey questions. All data were analyzed using JMP 16.0. Results In our cohort of 200 adults, the median age was 40, with an interquartile range of 34-50 years. 48% were female. More than half of the cohort (53%) had severe or higher-normal EDS. Race (p=0.112), sex (p=0.426), age (p=0.063) shift work/shift timing (p=0.260), and screen time before bed (p=0.785) were not statistically significant for excessive daytime sleepiness. However, the length of participants' workdays (p=0.001) and their income levels (p=0.008) were found to be significantly associated with EDS. In other words, longer workdays and lower income levels were associated with an increased likelihood of falling asleep during inactive periods of the day. Conclusion Sleep deprivation and excessive daytime sleepiness are intertwined with sleep hygiene. This study highlights some of the possible issues that could lead to potential solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Yared
- Biology, Trinity Preparatory School, Winter Park, USA
| | | | - Rohan Mangal
- Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, USA
| | - Thor S Stead
- Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, USA
| | - Latha Ganti
- Medical Sciences, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, USA
- Emergency Medicine and Neurology, University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Orlando, USA
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Xiong M, Chen J, Ye Y. How relative deprivation affects the sleep quality of Chinese college students: testing an integrated model of social anxiety and trait mindfulness. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1111845. [PMID: 37275725 PMCID: PMC10234120 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1111845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although previous studies have confirmed the association between relative deprivation and individual health, the relationship between and underlying mechanisms of relative deprivation and sleep quality have rarely been explored. Therefore, the present study investigated how relative deprivation affected sleep quality by testing an integrated model and examining the roles of social anxiety and trait mindfulness. We surveyed 568 college students using the Relative Deprivation Scale, Interaction Anxiousness Scale, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, and Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 and PROCESS macro for SPSS. We found that a high relative deprivation score predicted poor sleep quality, and social anxiety partially mediated this relationship. Our model also indicated that the relationship between relative deprivation and sleep quality via social anxiety was moderated by mindfulness. Specifically, increasing trait mindfulness may decrease the indirect effect of relative deprivation on sleep quality through social anxiety. The current study expands our understanding of the underlying mechanisms, paths, and conditions of the effects of relative deprivation on sleep quality. Furthermore, we provide additional evidence that trait mindfulness can mitigate the adverse effects of negative events. College students should consciously use trait mindfulness techniques to consider problems, reduce anxiety, and improve their sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xiong
- School of Education and Sports Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jiao Chen
- School of Education and Sports Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yiduo Ye
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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Shahdadian F, Boozari B, Saneei P. Association between short sleep duration and intake of sugar and sugar-sweetened beverages: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Sleep Health 2022; 9:159-176. [PMID: 36424247 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Findings of previous investigations that evaluated the relationship between sleep duration and sugar or sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) intake have been inconsistent. We aimed to summarize extant research that assessed the relation between short sleep duration and sugar and SSB intake. METHODS A comprehensive search of PubMed, ISI Web of Sciences, Scopus, Science Direct, Embase, and Google Scholar was conducted. All observational studies that reported sleep duration as the exposure and intake of sugar or sugary drinks as the outcome were included. The quality of included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The body of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach. Random and fixed effects models were used to estimate pooled OR and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Twenty-two studies in children and twelve in adults were included in the systematic review. Only 10 studies in children and 3 investigations in adults provided odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for this association and could be included in the meta-analysis. All studies had a cross-sectional design and found a negative association between sleep duration and sugar in children, but not in adults. SSB intake was lower in those with sufficient sleep in all populations. Compared with those with sufficient sleep, children with short sleep duration had 16% (significant) higher odds of consuming sugar (OR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.21), 21% higher odds of soda intake (OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.16, 1.26), and 92% higher odds of consuming energy drink intake (OR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.66, 2.22). However, sleep duration was not significantly associated with soft drink intake in children (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.48). In adults, the odds of drinking soda in those with short sleep duration was 1.2 times more than in those with sufficient sleep (OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.28). Also, low vs. optimal sleep duration in adults was associated with a 58% increased intake of energy drinks (OR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.31, 1.90). Of note, these findings in the adult population resulted from only 2 included investigations, due to the limited number of studies. CONCLUSION The evidence reviewed supports a significant association between shorter sleep duration and higher SSBs intake in both children and adults, while such association with higher total sugar intake was significant in children but not in adults. Further research with more accurate measurements, sex-specific, and prospective designs should be carried out to clarify the causality and underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Shahdadian
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Behnoosh Boozari
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parvane Saneei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Kundu S, Rejwana N, Al Banna MH, Kawuki J, Ghosh S, Alshahrani NZ, Dukhi N, Kundu S, Dey R, Hagan JE, Nsiah-Asamoah CNA, Malini SS. Linking Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms with Diet Quality of University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study during the COVID-19 Pandemic in India. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:1848. [PMID: 36292298 PMCID: PMC9602108 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10101848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examines the association of depressive and anxiety symptoms with diet quality among university students while controlling for different demographic and other health and lifestyle factors. This cross-sectional study was carried out between April 2021 and June 2021 among a total of 440 (unweighted) university students. Diet quality was assessed using a 10-item mini-dietary assessment index tool. The depressive and anxiety symptoms of participants were measured using the validated Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression and mediation analyses were performed. In this study, 61.1% (95% CI: 56.6% to 65.7%) of university students' diet quality was good during the COVID-19 pandemic. Being a post-graduate student, an urban resident, having no depressive (AOR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.20 to 3.84) and anxiety symptoms (AOR = 1.96, 95% CI: 1.07 to 3.59), no changes or improvement in appetite, and no changes in sleep duration were significantly associated with good diet quality among our study participants. Depressive and anxiety symptoms during COVID-19 had a significant effect on the diet quality of university students. Future public health policies need to be focused on improving the mental health and well-being of students particularly during pandemic situations to enhance their diet quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyajit Kundu
- School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Najneen Rejwana
- Department of Studies in Genetics and Genomics, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570005, India
| | - Md. Hasan Al Banna
- Department of Food Microbiology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Joseph Kawuki
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Susmita Ghosh
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayett, IN 47907, USA
| | - Najim Z. Alshahrani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Natisha Dukhi
- Human Sciences Research Council, 116-118 Buitengracht Street, Cape Town 8001, South Africa
| | - Subarna Kundu
- Statistics Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Rakhi Dey
- Department of Statistics, Government Brajalal College, National University of Bangladesh, Gazipur 1704, Bangladesh
| | - John Elvis Hagan
- Department of Health, Physical Education & Recreation, College of Education Studies, University of Cape Coast, PMB TF0494, Cape Coast P.O. Box 5007, Ghana
- Neurocognition and Action-Biomechanics-Research Group, Faculty of Psychology and Sports Science, Bielefeld University, Postfach 10 01 31, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Suttur S. Malini
- Department of Studies in Genetics and Genomics, University of Mysore, Mysuru 570005, India
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Relationships between Dairy and Calcium Intake and Mental Health Measures of Higher Education Students in the United States: Outcomes from Moderation Analyses. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040775. [PMID: 35215428 PMCID: PMC8877188 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of mental health concerns among university students in the United States (U.S.) continues to increase, while current treatments, including medication and counseling, present shortcomings. Higher dairy and calcium intakes are associated with protective effects on mental health; however, previous studies have focused on investigating singular relationships between dairy and calcium intakes and mental health measures. A more complex exploration of these relationships is warranted to better examine whether increasing dairy and calcium intakes could serve as an intervention to improve mental health. The present study sought to further characterize the relationships between dairy and calcium intake, perceived stress, and a variety of mental health measures using linear regression and moderation analyses. Methods: The present cross-sectional study involved students studying at three large U.S. universities, and data collection occurred from April to May 2020 when students were learning remotely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. An online survey comprising validated tools was distributed among students to assess dairy and calcium intake, perceived stress, anxiety, negative and positive moods, rumination, and resilience, sleep quality and duration, dietary risk, and physical activity. Results: A total of 1233 students completed the study. Higher dairy and calcium intake was coincident with lower perceived stress and higher positive mood scores, while higher calcium intake was also coincident with lower anxiety, rumination, and higher resilience scores. Additionally, as calcium intake increased, the relationship between perceived stress and anxiety and the relationship between perceived stress and negative mood weakened. Dairy intake did not have this effect. Conclusions: Based on the results, and considering that calcium is a shortfall nutrient, universities should consider initiating programs and public health campaigns to promote dairy and calcium intake among this population.
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Limited negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health measures of Ghanaian university students. JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS REPORTS 2022; 7:100306. [PMID: 35018355 PMCID: PMC8731225 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2021.100306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stress and mental health outcomes are negatively correlated among university students throughout the world. Reports of differences in stress perception by gender exist, but there is limited data on students from sub-Saharan African countries. This study describes the burden of perceived and financial stress; characterizes mood and degree of anxiety symptoms; examines stress coping mechanisms, including resilience and repetitive negative thinking (RNT); and explores how students at a Ghanaian university believed the COVID-19 pandemic affected these measures. Methods Students (n = 129) were recruited from the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana from October 2020 - January 2021. Validated surveys were used. Participants were asked "Are your answers to the questions affected by the COVID-19 pandemic?" Results No differences in mean scores were observed between genders. For female students, financial stress was positively associated with RNT (p = 0.009), negative mood (p = 0.002), and anxiety (p < 0.001). Males were more likely to report decreased stress during the pandemic (p = 0.002), but there was no difference in mental health outcomes by perceived stress (PS) change category among males. Effects of the pandemic on mental health outcomes were mixed, but substantial proportions of students reported improvements or no change in financial stress, mood, anxiety, and RNT. Limitations Students from one university particiapted in this cross-sectional survey. Conclusions This study adds to the understanding of how higher education students are experiencing stress and are coping with the uncertainties of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana.
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