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Han R, Yang J, Zhu Y, Gan R. Wnt signaling in gastric cancer: current progress and future prospects. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1410513. [PMID: 38952556 PMCID: PMC11216096 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1410513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Levels of the Wnt pathway components are abnormally altered in gastric cancer cells, leading to malignant cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis, poor prognosis and chemoresistance. Therefore, it is important to understand the mechanism of Wnt signaling pathway in gastric cancer. We systematically reviewed the molecular mechanisms of the Wnt pathway in gastric cancer development; and summarize the progression and the challenges of research on molecular agents of the Wnt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruyue Han
- Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Runliang Gan
- Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Cellular and Molecular Pathology in Hunan, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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2
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Patel DK, Kesharwani R, Verma A, Al-Abbasi FA, Anwar F, Kumar V. Scope of Wnt signaling in the precise diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. Drug Discov Today 2023:103597. [PMID: 37100166 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Malignant breast cancers are responsible for a growing number of deaths among women globally. The latest research has demonstrated that Wnt signaling is pivotal in this disease, regulating a safe microenvironment for the growth and proliferation of cancer cells {AuQ: Edit OK?}, sustained stemness, resistance to therapy, and aggregate formation. The three highly conserved {AuQ: Edit OK?} Wnt signaling pathways, Wnt-planar cell polarity (PCP), Wnt/β-catenin signaling and Wnt-Ca2+ signaling, assume various roles in the maintenance and amelioration of breast cancer. In this review, we examine ongoing studies on the Wnt signaling pathways and discuss how dysregulation of these pathways promotes breast cancers. We also look at how Wnt dysregulation could be exploited to foster new treatments for malignant breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip K Patel
- Department of Pharmacy, Government Polytechnic Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Roohi Kesharwani
- Chandra Shekhar Singh College of Pharmacy, Koilaha, Kaushambi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amita Verma
- Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Fahad A Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Firoz Anwar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Natural Product Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Naini, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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3
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Predes D, Maia LA, Matias I, Araujo HPM, Soares C, Barros-Aragão FGQ, Oliveira LFS, Reis RR, Amado NG, Simas ABC, Mendes FA, Gomes FCA, Figueiredo CP, Abreu JG. The Flavonol Quercitrin Hinders GSK3 Activity and Potentiates the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012078. [PMID: 36292931 PMCID: PMC9602613 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway dictates cell proliferation and differentiation during embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. Its deregulation is associated with many pathological conditions, including neurodegenerative disease, frequently downregulated. The lack of efficient treatment for these diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), makes Wnt signaling an attractive target for therapies. Interestingly, novel Wnt signaling activating compounds are less frequently described than inhibitors, turning the quest for novel positive modulators even more appealing. In that sense, natural compounds are an outstanding source of potential drug leads. Here, we combine different experimental models, cell-based approaches, neuronal culture assays, and rodent behavior tests with Xenopus laevis phenotypic analysis to characterize quercitrin, a natural compound, as a novel Wnt signaling potentiator. We find that quercitrin potentiates the signaling in a concentration-dependent manner and increases the occurrence of the Xenopus secondary axis phenotype mediated by Xwnt8 injection. Using a GSK3 biosensor, we describe that quercitrin impairs GSK3 activity and increases phosphorylated GSK3β S9 levels. Treatment with XAV939, an inhibitor downstream of GSK3, impairs the quercitrin-mediated effect. Next, we show that quercitrin potentiates the Wnt3a-synaptogenic effect in hippocampal neurons in culture, which is blocked by XAV939. Quercitrin treatment also rescues the hippocampal synapse loss induced by intracerebroventricular injection of amyloid-β oligomers (AβO) in mice. Finally, quercitrin rescues AβO-mediated memory impairment, which is prevented by XAV939. Thus, our study uncovers a novel function for quercitrin as a Wnt/β-catenin signaling potentiator, describes its mechanism of action, and opens new avenues for AD treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Predes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Lorena A. Maia
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Isadora Matias
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | | | - Carolina Soares
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz F. S. Oliveira
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Renata R. Reis
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Nathalia G. Amado
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Alessandro B. C. Simas
- Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais Walter Mors, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Fabio A. Mendes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Flávia C. A. Gomes
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Claudia P. Figueiredo
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Jose G. Abreu
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-21-3938-6486
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4
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Hino SI, Inenaga K, Miyazaki T, Tanaka-Mizota C. Suppression of HCT116 Human Colon Cancer Cell Motility by Polymethoxyflavones is Associated with Inhibition of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling. Nutr Cancer 2022; 74:3662-3669. [PMID: 35658755 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2084122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is one of the major causes of colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we examined the effect of polymethoxyflavones present in citrus peels on Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the HCT116 CRC cell line. We found that 5,7,3',4'-tetra-methoxyflavone (TMF) and 7,8,3',4'-TMF inhibited the expression of target genes of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and the transcriptional activities of β-catenin/Tcf and suppressed the motility of HCT116 cells. Because the binding of β-catenin to Tcf-4 was disrupted by 5,7,3',4'-TMF and 7,8,3',4'- TMF, we suggest that they are inhibitors of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling and may have potential applications in CRC prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ichiro Hino
- Faculty of Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kiyoka Inenaga
- Faculty of Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takuto Miyazaki
- Faculty of Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Cho Y, Jeong S, Kim H, Kang D, Lee J, Kang SB, Kim JH. Disease-modifying therapeutic strategies in osteoarthritis: current status and future directions. Exp Mol Med 2021; 53:1689-1696. [PMID: 34848838 PMCID: PMC8640059 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-021-00710-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis. It is characterized by progressive destruction of articular cartilage and the development of chronic pain and constitutes a considerable socioeconomic burden. Currently, pharmacological treatments mostly aim to relieve the OA symptoms associated with inflammation and pain. However, with increasing understanding of OA pathology, several potential therapeutic targets have been identified, enabling the development of disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs). By targeting inflammatory cytokines, matrix-degrading enzymes, the Wnt pathway, and OA-associated pain, DMOADs successfully modulate the degenerative changes in osteoarthritic cartilage. Moreover, regenerative approaches aim to counterbalance the loss of cartilage matrix by stimulating chondrogenesis in endogenous stem cells and matrix anabolism in chondrocytes. Emerging strategies include the development of senolytic drugs or RNA therapeutics to eliminate the cellular or molecular sources of factors driving OA. This review describes the current developmental status of DMOADs and the corresponding results from preclinical and clinical trials and discusses the potential of emerging therapeutic approaches to treat OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsik Cho
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea ,grid.410720.00000 0004 1784 4496Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Sumin Jeong
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea ,grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Business Administration, Business School, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Hyeonkyeong Kim
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea ,grid.410720.00000 0004 1784 4496Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Donghyun Kang
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea ,grid.410720.00000 0004 1784 4496Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Jeeyeon Lee
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea ,grid.410720.00000 0004 1784 4496Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Seung-Baik Kang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Boramae Hospital, Seoul, 07061, South Korea.
| | - Jin-Hong Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea. .,Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, 08826, South Korea. .,Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.
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6
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Chen LJ, Lin XX, Guo J, Xu Y, Zhang SX, Chen D, Zhao Q, Xiao J, Lian GH, Peng SF, Guo D, Yang H, Shu Y, Zhou HH, Zhang W, Chen Y. Lrp6 Genotype affects Individual Susceptibility to Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Silibinin Therapeutic Response via Wnt/β-catenin-Cyp2e1 Signaling. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:3936-3953. [PMID: 34671210 PMCID: PMC8495406 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.63732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a serious threat to human health worldwide, with a high genetic susceptibility. Rs2302685, a functional germline variant of LRP6, has been recently found to associate with NAFLD risk. This study was aimed to clarify the underlying mechanism associated with rs2302685 risk and its impact on pharmacotherapy in treatment of NAFLD. Methods: Venous blood samples were collected from NAFLD and non-NAFLD patients for SNP genotyping by using mass spectrometry. The Lrp6-floxdel mouse (Lrp6(+/-)) was generated to model the partial function associated with human rs2302685. The liver injury and therapeutic effects of silibinin were compared between Lrp6(+/-) and Lrp6(+/+) mice received a methionine-choline deficient (MCD) diet or normal diet. The effect of Lrp6 functional alteration on Wnt/β-catenin-Cyp2e1 signaling activities was evaluated by a series of cellular and molecular assays. Results: The T allele of LRP6 rs2302685 was confirmed to associate with a higher risk of NAFLD in human subjects. The carriers of rs2302685 had reduced level of AST and ALT as compared with the noncarriers. The Lrp6(+/-) mice exhibited a less severe liver injury induced by MCD but a reduced response to the treatment of silibinin in comparison to the Lrp6(+/+) mice, suggesting Lrp6 as a target of silibinin. Wnt/β-catenin-Cyp2e1 signaling together with ROS generation could be exacerbated by the overexpression of Lrp6, while decreased in response to Lrp6 siRNA or silibinin treatment under NAFLD modeling. Conclusions: The Lrp6 function affects individual susceptibility to NAFLD and the therapeutic effect of silibinin through the Wnt/β-catenin-Cyp2e1 signaling pathway. The present work has provided an underlying mechanism for human individual susceptibility to NAFLD associated with Lrp6 polymorphisms as well as a rationale for the effective use of silibinin in NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jie Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P. R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Xian Lin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P. R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P. R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P. R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Song-Xia Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P. R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Dan Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P. R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P. R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Guang-Hui Lian
- Department of gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Shi-Fang Peng
- Department of Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Dong Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201. USA
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201. USA
| | - Yan Shu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201. USA
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P. R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P. R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410078, P. R. China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha 410008, Hunan, P.R. China
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7
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Cheng J, Tsuda M, Okolotowicz K, Dwyer M, Bushway PJ, Colas AR, Lancman JJ, Schade D, Perea-Gil I, Bruyneel AAN, Lee J, Vadgama N, Quach J, McKeithan WL, Biechele TL, Wu JC, Moon RT, Si Dong PD, Karakikes I, Cashman JR, Mercola M. Small-molecule probe reveals a kinase cascade that links stress signaling to TCF/LEF and Wnt responsiveness. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:625-635.e5. [PMID: 33503403 PMCID: PMC8140986 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Wnt signaling plays a central role in tissue maintenance and cancer. Wnt activates downstream genes through β-catenin, which interacts with TCF/LEF transcription factors. A major question is how this signaling is coordinated relative to tissue organization and renewal. We used a recently described class of small molecules that binds tubulin to reveal a molecular cascade linking stress signaling through ATM, HIPK2, and p53 to the regulation of TCF/LEF transcriptional activity. These data suggest a mechanism by which mitotic and genotoxic stress can indirectly modulate Wnt responsiveness to exert coherent control over cell shape and renewal. These findings have implications for understanding tissue morphogenesis and small-molecule anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiongjia Cheng
- Human BioMolecular Research Institute, 5310 Eastgate Mall, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Masanao Tsuda
- Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Karl Okolotowicz
- Human BioMolecular Research Institute, 5310 Eastgate Mall, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Mary Dwyer
- Human BioMolecular Research Institute, 5310 Eastgate Mall, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Paul J Bushway
- Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Alexandre R Colas
- Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Joseph J Lancman
- Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Dennis Schade
- Human BioMolecular Research Institute, 5310 Eastgate Mall, San Diego, CA 92121, USA; Institute of Pharmacy, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Gutenbergstrasse 76, Kiel, Germany
| | - Isaac Perea-Gil
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, 240 Pasteur Drive, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Arne A N Bruyneel
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, 240 Pasteur Drive, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jaechol Lee
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, 240 Pasteur Drive, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Nirmal Vadgama
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, 240 Pasteur Drive, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Justine Quach
- Human BioMolecular Research Institute, 5310 Eastgate Mall, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Wesley L McKeithan
- Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, 240 Pasteur Drive, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Travis L Biechele
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, 240 Pasteur Drive, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University, 240 Pasteur Drive, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Randall T Moon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - P Duc Si Dong
- Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ioannis Karakikes
- Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, 240 Pasteur Drive, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, 240 Pasteur Drive, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - John R Cashman
- Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Mark Mercola
- Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA; Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, 240 Pasteur Drive, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University, 240 Pasteur Drive, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
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8
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Bayle E, Svensson F, Atkinson BN, Steadman D, Willis NJ, Woodward HL, Whiting P, Vincent JP, Fish PV. Carboxylesterase Notum Is a Druggable Target to Modulate Wnt Signaling. J Med Chem 2021; 64:4289-4311. [PMID: 33783220 PMCID: PMC8172013 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of the Wnt signaling pathway is critically important for a number of cellular processes in both development and adult mammalian biology. This Perspective will provide a summary of current and emerging therapeutic opportunities in modulating Wnt signaling, especially through inhibition of Notum carboxylesterase activity. Notum was recently shown to act as a negative regulator of Wnt signaling through the removal of an essential palmitoleate group. Inhibition of Notum activity may represent a new approach to treat disease where aberrant Notum activity has been identified as the underlying cause. Reliable screening technologies are available to identify inhibitors of Notum, and structural studies are accelerating the discovery of new inhibitors. A selection of these hits have been optimized to give fit-for-purpose small molecule inhibitors of Notum. Three noteworthy examples are LP-922056 (26), ABC99 (27), and ARUK3001185 (28), which are complementary chemical tools for exploring the role of Notum in Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott
D. Bayle
- Alzheimer’s
Research UK UCL Drug Discovery Institute, University College London, Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
- The
Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, Kings Cross, London NW1 1AT, U.K.
| | - Fredrik Svensson
- Alzheimer’s
Research UK UCL Drug Discovery Institute, University College London, Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
- The
Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, Kings Cross, London NW1 1AT, U.K.
| | - Benjamin N. Atkinson
- Alzheimer’s
Research UK UCL Drug Discovery Institute, University College London, Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
| | - David Steadman
- Alzheimer’s
Research UK UCL Drug Discovery Institute, University College London, Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
| | - Nicky J. Willis
- Alzheimer’s
Research UK UCL Drug Discovery Institute, University College London, Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
| | - Hannah L. Woodward
- Alzheimer’s
Research UK UCL Drug Discovery Institute, University College London, Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
| | - Paul Whiting
- Alzheimer’s
Research UK UCL Drug Discovery Institute, University College London, Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
| | - Jean-Paul Vincent
- The
Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, Kings Cross, London NW1 1AT, U.K.
| | - Paul V. Fish
- Alzheimer’s
Research UK UCL Drug Discovery Institute, University College London, Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, U.K.
- The
Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, Kings Cross, London NW1 1AT, U.K.
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9
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Goyal L, Sirard C, Schrag M, Kagey MH, Eads JR, Stein S, El-Khoueiry AB, Manji GA, Abrams TA, Khorana AA, Miksad R, Mahalingam D, Zhu AX, Duda DG. Phase I and Biomarker Study of the Wnt Pathway Modulator DKN-01 in Combination with Gemcitabine/Cisplatin in Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:6158-6167. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-1310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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Abbott JM, Zhou Q, Esquer H, Pike L, Broneske TP, Rinaldetti S, Abraham AD, Ramirez DA, Lunghofer PJ, Pitts TM, Regan DP, Tan AC, Gustafson DL, Messersmith WA, LaBarbera DV. First-in-Class Inhibitors of Oncogenic CHD1L with Preclinical Activity against Colorectal Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:1598-1612. [PMID: 32499299 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of CHD1L in 2008, it has emerged as an oncogene implicated in the pathology and poor prognosis of a variety of cancers, including gastrointestinal cancers. However, a mechanistic understanding of CHD1L as a driver of colorectal cancer has been limited. Until now, there have been no reported inhibitors of CHD1L, also limiting its development as a molecular target. We sought to characterize the clinicopathologic link between CHD1L and colorectal cancer, determine the mechanism(s) by which CHD1L drives malignant colorectal cancer, and discover the first inhibitors with potential for novel treatments for colorectal cancer. The clinicopathologic characteristics associated with CHD1L expression were evaluated using microarray data from 585 patients with colorectal cancer. Further analysis of microarray data indicated that CHD1L may function through the Wnt/TCF pathway. Thus, we conducted knockdown and overexpression studies with CHD1L to determine its role in Wnt/TCF-driven epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). We performed high-throughput screening (HTS) to identify the first CHD1L inhibitors. The mechanism of action, antitumor efficacy, and drug-like properties of lead CHD1L inhibitors were determined using biochemical assays, cell models, tumor organoids, patient-derived tumor organoids, and in vivo pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Lead CHD1L inhibitors display potent in vitro antitumor activity by reversing TCF-driven EMT. The best lead CHD1L inhibitor possesses drug-like properties in pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic mouse models. This work validates CHD1L as a druggable target and establishes a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Abbott
- The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Qiong Zhou
- The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Hector Esquer
- The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Laura Pike
- The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Travis P Broneske
- The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Sébastien Rinaldetti
- The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Adedoyin D Abraham
- The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Dominique A Ramirez
- Flint Animal Cancer Center and Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Paul J Lunghofer
- Flint Animal Cancer Center and Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Todd M Pitts
- The School of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.,The University of Colorado Cancer Center, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Daniel P Regan
- Flint Animal Cancer Center and Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
| | - Aik Choon Tan
- The School of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.,The University of Colorado Cancer Center, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Daniel L Gustafson
- Flint Animal Cancer Center and Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.,The University of Colorado Cancer Center, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Wells A Messersmith
- The School of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.,The University of Colorado Cancer Center, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Daniel V LaBarbera
- The Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado. .,The University of Colorado Cancer Center, The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
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11
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Mobark NA, Alharbi M, Alhabeeb L, AlMubarak L, Alaljelaify R, AlSaeed M, Almutairi A, Alqubaishi F, Ahmad M, Al-Banyan A, Alotabi FE, Barakeh D, AlZahrani M, Al-Khalidi H, Ajlan A, Ramkissoon LA, Ramkissoon SH, Abedalthagafi M. Clinical management and genomic profiling of pediatric low-grade gliomas in Saudi Arabia. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228356. [PMID: 31995621 PMCID: PMC6988947 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric Low Grade Gliomas (PLGGs) display heterogeneity regarding morphology, genomic drivers and clinical outcomes. The treatment modality dictates the outcome and optimizing patient management can be challenging. In this study, we profiled a targeted panel of cancer-related genes in 37 Saudi Arabian patients with pLGGs to identify genetic abnormalities that can inform prognostic and therapeutic decision-making. We detected genetic alterations (GAs) in 97% (36/37) of cases, averaging 2.51 single nucleotide variations (SNVs) and 0.91 gene fusions per patient. The KIAA1549-BRAF fusion was the most common alteration (21/37 patients) followed by AFAP1-NTRK2 (2/37) and TBLXR-PI3KCA (2/37) fusions that were observed at much lower frequencies. The most frequently mutated) genes were NOTCH1-3 (7/37), ATM (4/37), RAD51C (3/37), RNF43 (3/37), SLX4 (3/37) and NF1 (3/37). Interestingly, we identified a GOPC-ROS1 fusion in an 8-year-old patient whose tumor lacked BRAF alterations and histologically classified as low grade glioma. The patient underwent gross total resection (GTR). The patient is currently disease free. To our knowledge this is the first report of GOPC-ROS1 fusion in PLGG. Taken together, we reveal the genetic characteristics of pLGG patients can enhance diagnostics and therapeutic decisions. In addition, we identified a GOPC-ROS1 fusion that may be a biomarker for pLGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla A. Mobark
- Department of Paediatric Oncology Comprehensive Cancer Centre, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Musa Alharbi
- Department of Paediatric Oncology Comprehensive Cancer Centre, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamees Alhabeeb
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Latifa AlMubarak
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha Alaljelaify
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariam AlSaeed
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Almutairi
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatmah Alqubaishi
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maqsood Ahmad
- Department of Neuroscience, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Al-Banyan
- Department of Neuroscience, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad E. Alotabi
- Department of Neuroscience, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Duna Barakeh
- Department of Pathology, King Khalid Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malak AlZahrani
- Department of Pathology, King Khalid Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham Al-Khalidi
- Department of Pathology, King Khalid Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrazag Ajlan
- Department of Pathology, King Khalid Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lori A. Ramkissoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Shakti H. Ramkissoon
- Wake Forest Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
- Foundation Medicine Inc., Morrisville, NC, United States of America
| | - Malak Abedalthagafi
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
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12
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Yang W, Li Y, Ai Y, Obianom ON, Guo D, Yang H, Sakamuru S, Xia M, Shu Y, Xue F. Pyrazole-4-Carboxamide (YW2065): A Therapeutic Candidate for Colorectal Cancer via Dual Activities of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Inhibition and AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) Activation. J Med Chem 2019; 62:11151-11164. [PMID: 31769984 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has been widely recognized as a pathogenic mechanism for colorectal cancer (CRC). Although numerous Wnt inhibitors have been developed, they commonly suffer from toxicity and unintended effects. Moreover, concerns have been raised in targeting this pathway because of its critical roles in maintaining stem cells and regenerating tissues and organs. On the basis of the anthelmintic drug pyrvinium and previous lead FX1128, we have developed a compound YW2065 (1c) which demonstrated excellent anti-CRC effects in vitro and in vivo. YW2065 achieves its inhibitory activity for Wnt signaling by stabilizing Axin-1, a scaffolding protein that regulates proteasome degradation of β-catenin. Simultaneously, YW2065 also led to the activation of the tumor suppressor AMPK, providing an additional anticancer mechanism. In addition, YW2065 showed favorable pharmacokinetic properties without obvious toxicity. The anti-CRC effect of YW2065 was highlighted by its promising efficacy in a mice xenograft model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
| | - Yingjun Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
| | - Yong Ai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
| | - Obinna N Obianom
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
| | - Dong Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
| | - Srilatha Sakamuru
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences , National Institutes of Health , 9800 Medical Center Drive , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Menghang Xia
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences , National Institutes of Health , 9800 Medical Center Drive , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Yan Shu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States.,School and Hospital of Stomatology , Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou 510140 , China
| | - Fengtian Xue
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Maryland School of Pharmacy , Baltimore , Maryland 21201 , United States
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13
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Impaired Wnt/β-catenin pathway leads to dysfunction of intestinal regeneration during necrotizing enterocolitis. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:743. [PMID: 31582728 PMCID: PMC6776513 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1987-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating neonatal disease characterized by acute intestinal injury. Intestinal stem cell (ISC) renewal is required for gut regeneration in response to acute injury. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is essential for intestinal renewal and ISC maintenance. We found that ISC expression, Wnt activity and intestinal regeneration were all decreased in both mice with experimental NEC and in infants with acute active NEC. Moreover, intestinal organoids derived from NEC-injured intestine of both mice and humans failed to maintain proliferation and presented more differentiation. Administration of Wnt7b reversed these changes and promoted growth of intestinal organoids. Additionally, administration of exogenous Wnt7b rescued intestinal injury, restored ISC, and reestablished intestinal epithelial homeostasis in mice with NEC. Our findings demonstrate that during NEC, Wnt/β-catenin signaling is decreased, ISC activity is impaired, and intestinal regeneration is defective. Administration of Wnt resulted in the maintenance of intestinal epithelial homeostasis and avoidance of NEC intestinal injury.
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14
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Deshmukh V, O'Green AL, Bossard C, Seo T, Lamangan L, Ibanez M, Ghias A, Lai C, Do L, Cho S, Cahiwat J, Chiu K, Pedraza M, Anderson S, Harris R, Dellamary L, Kc S, Barroga C, Melchior B, Tam B, Kennedy S, Tambiah J, Hood J, Yazici Y. Modulation of the Wnt pathway through inhibition of CLK2 and DYRK1A by lorecivivint as a novel, potentially disease-modifying approach for knee osteoarthritis treatment. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2019; 27:1347-1360. [PMID: 31132406 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Wnt pathway upregulation contributes to knee osteoarthritis (OA) through osteoblast differentiation, increased catabolic enzymes, and inflammation. The small-molecule Wnt pathway inhibitor, lorecivivint (SM04690), which previously demonstrated chondrogenesis and cartilage protection in an animal OA model, was evaluated to elucidate its mechanism of action. DESIGN Biochemical assays measured kinase activity. Western blots measured protein phosphorylation in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), chondrocytes, and synovial fibroblasts. siRNA knockdown effects in hMSCs and BEAS-2B cells on Wnt pathway, chondrogenic genes, and LPS-induced inflammatory cytokines was measured by qPCR. In vivo anti-inflammation, pain, and function were evaluated following single intra-articular (IA) lorecivivint or vehicle injection in the monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced rat OA model. RESULTS Lorecivivint inhibited intranuclear kinases CDC-like kinase 2 (CLK2) and dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A). Lorecivivint inhibited CLK2-mediated phosphorylation of serine/arginine-rich (SR) splicing factors and DYRK1A-mediated phosphorylation of SIRT1 and FOXO1. siRNA knockdowns identified a role for CLK2 and DYRK1A in Wnt pathway modulation without affecting β-catenin with CLK2 inhibition inducing early chondrogenesis and DYRK1A inhibition enhancing mature chondrocyte function. NF-κB and STAT3 inhibition by lorecivivint reduced inflammation. DYRK1A knockdown was sufficient for anti-inflammatory effects, while combined DYRK1A/CLK2 knockdown enhanced this effect. In the MIA model, lorecivivint inhibited production of inflammatory cytokines and cartilage degradative enzymes, resulting in increased joint cartilage, decreased pain, and improved weight-bearing function. CONCLUSIONS Lorecivivint inhibition of CLK2 and DYRK1A suggested a novel mechanism for Wnt pathway inhibition, enhancing chondrogenesis, chondrocyte function, and anti-inflammation. Lorecivivint shows potential to modify structure and improve symptoms of knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - T Seo
- Samumed, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | | | - M Ibanez
- Samumed, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - A Ghias
- Samumed, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - C Lai
- Samumed, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - L Do
- Samumed, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | - S Cho
- Samumed, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | | | - K Chiu
- Samumed, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | | | | | - R Harris
- Samumed, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | | | - S Kc
- Samumed, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | | | | | - B Tam
- Formerly Samumed, LLC, USA.
| | | | | | - J Hood
- Formerly Samumed, LLC, USA.
| | - Y Yazici
- Samumed, LLC, San Diego, CA, USA.
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15
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Abstract
Developmental signaling pathways control a vast array of biological processes during embryogenesis and in adult life. The WNT pathway was discovered simultaneously in cancer and development. Recent advances have expanded the role of WNT to a wide range of pathologies in humans. Here, we discuss the WNT pathway and its role in human disease and some of the advances in WNT-related treatments.
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16
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Abstract
Clinical and preclinical studies over the past 3 decades have uncovered a multitude of signaling pathways involved in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. From these studies, signaling by proteins of the Wnt family has recently emerged as an important player in the development of atherosclerosis. Wnt signaling is characterized by a large number of ligands, receptors, and coreceptors and can be regulated at many different levels. Among Wnt modulators, the evolutionary conserved Dkk (Dickkopf) proteins, and especially Dkk-1, the founding member of the family, are the best characterized. The role of Dkks in the pathophysiology of the arterial wall is only partially understood, but their involvement in atherosclerosis is becoming increasingly evident. This review introduces recent key findings on Dkk proteins and their functions in atherosclerosis and discusses the potential importance of modulating Dkk signaling as part of a novel, improved strategy for preventing and treating atherosclerosis-related diseases.
Visual Overview—
An online visual overview is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Baetta
- From the Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Cristina Banfi
- From the Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milano, Italy
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17
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Goldsberry WN, Londoño A, Randall TD, Norian LA, Arend RC. A Review of the Role of Wnt in Cancer Immunomodulation. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11060771. [PMID: 31167446 PMCID: PMC6628296 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the Wnt signaling pathway are associated with the advancement of cancers; however, the exact mechanisms responsible remain largely unknown. It has recently been established that heightened intratumoral Wnt signaling correlates with tumor immunomodulation and immune suppression, which likely contribute to the decreased efficacy of multiple cancer therapeutics. Here, we review available literature pertaining to connections between Wnt pathway activation in the tumor microenvironment and local immunomodulation. We focus specifically on preclinical and clinical data supporting the hypothesis that strategies targeting Wnt signaling could act as adjuncts for cancer therapy, either in combination with chemotherapy or immunotherapy, in a variety of tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney N Goldsberry
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Angelina Londoño
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Troy D Randall
- Division of Immunology & Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Lyse A Norian
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| | - Rebecca C Arend
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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18
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Nanki K, Toshimitsu K, Takano A, Fujii M, Shimokawa M, Ohta Y, Matano M, Seino T, Nishikori S, Ishikawa K, Kawasaki K, Togasaki K, Takahashi S, Sukawa Y, Ishida H, Sugimoto S, Kawakubo H, Kim J, Kitagawa Y, Sekine S, Koo BK, Kanai T, Sato T. Divergent Routes toward Wnt and R-spondin Niche Independency during Human Gastric Carcinogenesis. Cell 2019; 174:856-869.e17. [PMID: 30096312 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent sequencing analyses have shed light on heterogeneous patterns of genomic aberrations in human gastric cancers (GCs). To explore how individual genetic events translate into cancer phenotypes, we established a biological library consisting of genetically engineered gastric organoids carrying various GC mutations and 37 patient-derived organoid lines, including rare genomically stable GCs. Phenotype analyses of GC organoids revealed divergent genetic and epigenetic routes to gain Wnt and R-spondin niche independency. An unbiased phenotype-based genetic screening identified a significant association between CDH1/TP53 compound mutations and the R-spondin independency that was functionally validated by CRISPR-based knockout. Xenografting of GC organoids further established the feasibility of Wnt-targeting therapy for Wnt-dependent GCs. Our results collectively demonstrate that multifaceted genetic abnormalities render human GCs independent of the stem cell niche and highlight the validity of the genotype-phenotype screening strategy in gaining deeper understanding of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosaku Nanki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kohta Toshimitsu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Ai Takano
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fujii
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Mariko Shimokawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yuki Ohta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Mami Matano
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Seino
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shingo Nishikori
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan; Fujii Memorial Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Company, Limited, Shiga 520-0106, Japan
| | - Keiko Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kenta Kawasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Togasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Sirirat Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Sukawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ishida
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shinya Sugimoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kawakubo
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Jihoon Kim
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Science, Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Yuko Kitagawa
- Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shigeki Sekine
- Division of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, 104-0045, Japan
| | - Bon-Kyoung Koo
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Science, Vienna, 1030, Austria
| | - Takanori Kanai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Toshiro Sato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
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19
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Functions of the APC tumor suppressor protein dependent and independent of canonical WNT signaling: implications for therapeutic targeting. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2019; 37:159-172. [PMID: 29318445 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-017-9725-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The acquisition of biallelic mutations in the APC gene is a rate-limiting step in the development of most colorectal cancers and occurs in the earliest lesions. APC encodes a 312-kDa protein that localizes to multiple subcellular compartments and performs diverse functions. APC participates in a cytoplasmic complex that promotes the destruction of the transcriptional licensing factor β-catenin; APC mutations that abolish this function trigger constitutive activation of the canonical WNT signaling pathway, a characteristic found in almost all colorectal cancers. By negatively regulating canonical WNT signaling, APC counteracts proliferation, promotes differentiation, facilitates apoptosis, and suppresses invasion and tumor progression. APC further antagonizes canonical WNT signaling by interacting with and counteracting β-catenin in the nucleus. APC also suppresses tumor initiation and progression in the colorectal epithelium through functions that are independent of canonical WNT signaling. APC regulates the mitotic spindle to facilitate proper chromosome segregation, localizes to the cell periphery and cell protrusions to establish cell polarity and appropriate directional migration, and inhibits DNA replication by interacting directly with DNA. Mutations in APC are often frameshifts, insertions, or deletions that introduce premature stop codons and lead to the production of truncated APC proteins that lack its normal functions and possess tumorigenic properties. Therapeutic approaches in development for the treatment of APC-deficient tumors are focused on the inhibition of canonical WNT signaling, especially through targets downstream of APC in the pathway, or on the restoration of wild-type APC expression.
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20
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Shirai F, Tsumura T, Yashiroda Y, Yuki H, Niwa H, Sato S, Chikada T, Koda Y, Washizuka K, Yoshimoto N, Abe M, Onuki T, Mazaki Y, Hirama C, Fukami T, Watanabe H, Honma T, Umehara T, Shirouzu M, Okue M, Kano Y, Watanabe T, Kitamura K, Shitara E, Muramatsu Y, Yoshida H, Mizutani A, Seimiya H, Yoshida M, Koyama H. Discovery of Novel Spiroindoline Derivatives as Selective Tankyrase Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2019; 62:3407-3427. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Takehiro Fukami
- RIKEN Program for Drug Discovery and Medical Technology Platforms, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yukiko Muramatsu
- Division of Molecular Biotherapy, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake,
Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8850, Japan
| | - Haruka Yoshida
- Division of Molecular Biotherapy, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake,
Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8850, Japan
| | - Anna Mizutani
- Division of Molecular Biotherapy, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake,
Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8850, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Seimiya
- Division of Molecular Biotherapy, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake,
Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8850, Japan
| | - Minoru Yoshida
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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21
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Heinosalo T, Gabriel M, Kallio L, Adhikari P, Huhtinen K, Laajala TD, Kaikkonen E, Mehmood A, Suvitie P, Kujari H, Aittokallio T, Perheentupa A, Poutanen M. Secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2) expression promotes lesion proliferation via canonical WNT signaling and indicates lesion borders in extraovarian endometriosis. Hum Reprod 2019; 33:817-831. [PMID: 29462326 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What is the role of SFRP2 in endometriosis? SUMMARY ANSWER SFRP2 acts as a canonical WNT/CTNNB1 signaling agonist in endometriosis, regulating endometriosis lesion growth and indicating endometriosis lesion borders together with CTNNB1 (also known as beta catenin). WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Endometriosis is a common, chronic disease that affects women of reproductive age, causing pain and infertility, and has significant economic impact on national health systems. Despite extensive research, the pathogenesis of endometriosis is poorly understood, and targeted medical treatments are lacking. WNT signaling is dysregulated in various human diseases, but its role in extraovarian endometriosis has not been fully elucidated. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We evaluated the significance of WNT signaling, and especially secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2), in extraovarian endometriosis, including peritoneal and deep lesions. The study design was based on a cohort of clinical samples collected by laparoscopy or curettage and questionnaire data from healthy controls and endometriosis patients. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Global gene expression analysis in human endometrium (n = 104) and endometriosis (n = 177) specimens from 47 healthy controls and 103 endometriosis patients was followed by bioinformatics and supportive qPCR analyses. Immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, primary cell culture and siRNA knockdown approaches were used to validate the findings. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Among the 220 WNT signaling and CTNNB1 target genes analysed, 184 genes showed differential expression in extraovarian endometriosis (P < 0.05) compared with endometrium tissue, including SFRP2 and CTNNB1. Menstrual cycle-dependent regulation of WNT genes observed in the endometrium was lost in endometriosis lesions, as shown by hierarchical clustering. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that SFRP2 and CTNNB1 are novel endometriosis lesion border markers, complementing immunostaining for the known marker CD10 (also known as MME). SFRP2 and CTNNB1 localized similarly in both the epithelium and stroma of extraovarian endometriosis tissue, and interestingly, both also indicated an additional distant lesion border, suggesting that WNT signaling is altered in the endometriosis stroma beyond the primary border indicated by the known marker CD10. SFRP2 expression was positively associated with pain symptoms experienced by patients (P < 0.05), and functional loss of SFRP2 in extraovarian endometriosis primary cell cultures resulted in decreased cell proliferation (P < 0.05) associated with reduced CTNNB1 protein expression (P = 0.05). LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION SFRP2 and CTNNB1 improved extraovarian endometriosis lesion border detection in a relatively small cohort (n = 20), although larger studies with different endometriosis subtypes in variable cycle phases and under hormonal medication are required. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The highly expressed SFRP2 and CTNNB1 improve endometriosis lesion border detection, which can have clinical implications for better visualization of endometriosis lesions over CD10. Furthermore, SFRP2 acts as a canonical WNT/CTNNB1 signaling agonist in endometriosis and positively regulates endometriosis lesion growth, suggesting that the WNT pathway may be an important therapeutic target for endometriosis. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was funded by the Academy of Finland and by Tekes: Finnish Funding Agency for Innovation. The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Heinosalo
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Gabriel
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - L Kallio
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - P Adhikari
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - K Huhtinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.,Institute of Biomedicine, Research Center for Cancer, Infections and Immunity, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.,Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - T D Laajala
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.,Turku Center for Disease Modeling (TCDM), University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - E Kaikkonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - A Mehmood
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.,Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi, Turku, Finland
| | - P Suvitie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - H Kujari
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Center for Cancer, Infections and Immunity, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.,Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland
| | - T Aittokallio
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.,Turku Center for Disease Modeling (TCDM), University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - A Perheentupa
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20014 Turku, Finland
| | - M Poutanen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.,Turku Center for Disease Modeling (TCDM), University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland.,Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, 405 30 Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
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22
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Hübner K, Cabochette P, Diéguez-Hurtado R, Wiesner C, Wakayama Y, Grassme KS, Hubert M, Guenther S, Belting HG, Affolter M, Adams RH, Vanhollebeke B, Herzog W. Wnt/β-catenin signaling regulates VE-cadherin-mediated anastomosis of brain capillaries by counteracting S1pr1 signaling. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4860. [PMID: 30451830 PMCID: PMC6242933 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07302-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Canonical Wnt signaling is crucial for vascularization of the central nervous system and blood-brain barrier (BBB) formation. BBB formation and modulation are not only important for development, but also relevant for vascular and neurodegenerative diseases. However, there is little understanding of how Wnt signaling contributes to brain angiogenesis and BBB formation. Here we show, using high resolution in vivo imaging and temporal and spatial manipulation of Wnt signaling, different requirements for Wnt signaling during brain angiogenesis and BBB formation. In the absence of Wnt signaling, premature Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1pr) signaling reduces VE-cadherin and Esama at cell-cell junctions. We suggest that Wnt signaling suppresses S1pr signaling during angiogenesis to enable the dynamic junction formation during anastomosis, whereas later S1pr signaling regulates BBB maturation and VE-cadherin stabilization. Our data provides a link between brain angiogenesis and BBB formation and identifies Wnt signaling as coordinator of the timing and as regulator of anastomosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Hübner
- University of Muenster, Schlossplatz 2, 48149, Muenster, Germany
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), University of Muenster, Waldeyerstrasse 15, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Pauline Cabochette
- Université libre de Bruxelles, Rue Prof. Jeener et Brachet 12, 6041, Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Rodrigo Diéguez-Hurtado
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), University of Muenster, Waldeyerstrasse 15, 48149, Muenster, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Roentgenstrasse 20, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Cora Wiesner
- Biozentrum der Universität Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 70, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yuki Wakayama
- University of Muenster, Schlossplatz 2, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | | | - Marvin Hubert
- University of Muenster, Schlossplatz 2, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Stefan Guenther
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, ECCPS Bioinformatics and Deep Sequencing Platform, Ludwigstrasse 43, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Heinz-Georg Belting
- Biozentrum der Universität Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 70, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Affolter
- Biozentrum der Universität Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 70, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ralf H Adams
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), University of Muenster, Waldeyerstrasse 15, 48149, Muenster, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Roentgenstrasse 20, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Benoit Vanhollebeke
- Université libre de Bruxelles, Rue Prof. Jeener et Brachet 12, 6041, Gosselies, Belgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Avenue Pasteur 6, 1300, Wavre, Belgium
| | - Wiebke Herzog
- University of Muenster, Schlossplatz 2, 48149, Muenster, Germany.
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC 1003 - CiM), University of Muenster, Waldeyerstrasse 15, 48149, Muenster, Germany.
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Roentgenstrasse 20, 48149, Muenster, Germany.
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23
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Ahmad I, Sansom OJ. Role of Wnt signalling in advanced prostate cancer. J Pathol 2018; 245:3-5. [PMID: 29314004 DOI: 10.1002/path.5029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent next-generation sequencing studies demonstrate that multiple pathways are often deregulated in advanced and metastatic prostate cancer (PC). In a recent issue of The Journal of Pathology, an elegant study by Jefferies et al used in vivo modelling to demonstrate how activation of the PI3K, WNT, and MAPK pathway converges on mTORC1 signalling to drive aggressive disease. The study also highlights that approaches to target advanced PC require intelligent combination of agents to target single/multiple signalling pathways in combination with androgen receptor (AR) blockade. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ahmad
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Bearsden, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Owen J Sansom
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Bearsden, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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24
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Nemes K, Frühwald MC. Emerging therapeutic targets for the treatment of malignant rhabdoid tumors. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2018. [PMID: 29528755 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2018.1451839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor (MRT) is a rare and highly aggressive malignancy primarily affecting infants and young children. The most common anatomic locations are the central nervous system (AT/RT), the kidneys (RTK) and other soft tissues (eMRT). The genetic origin of this disease is linked to mutations in SMARCB1, a gene encoding a core subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex. Areas covered: Conventional multimodal treatment may offer a significant survival benefit to certain patients. It remains to be determined, however, which patients will prove resistant to chemotherapy and need novel therapeutic approaches. Herein we discuss key signal transduction pathways involved in the pathogenesis of rhabdoid tumors for potential targeted therapy (EZH2, DNMT, HDAC, CDK4/6/Cyclin D1/Rb, AURKA, SHH/GLI1, Wnt/ß-Catenin, immunotherapy). Additional agents currently evaluated in preclinical settings and experimental clinical trials are discussed. Expert opinion: MRTs are genetically homogeneous, but epigenetically distinct malignancies. While there is an abundance of experimental in vitro studies evaluating potential therapeutic avenues, a dearth of clinical trials specifically for this entity persists. In order to improve outcome patients need to be carefully stratified and treated by targeted therapies combined with conventional chemotherapy or with new, less selective experimental agents in phase I/II clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Nemes
- a Swabian Children's Cancer Center , Children's Hospital, Klinikum Augsburg , Augsburg , Germany
| | - Michael C Frühwald
- a Swabian Children's Cancer Center , Children's Hospital, Klinikum Augsburg , Augsburg , Germany
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25
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Monteillier A, Allard PM, Gindro K, Wolfender JL, Cuendet M. Lung Cancer Chemopreventive Activity of Patulin Isolated from Penicillium vulpinum. Molecules 2018. [PMID: 29534536 PMCID: PMC6017800 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most lethal form of cancer in the world. Its development often involves an overactivation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway, leading to increased cell proliferation, survival, mobility, and a decrease in apoptosis. Therefore, NF-κB inhibitors are actively sought after for both cancer chemoprevention and therapy, and fungi represent an interesting unexplored reservoir for such molecules. The aim of the present work was to find naturally occurring lung cancer chemopreventive compounds by investigating the metabolites of Penicillium vulpinum, a fungus that grows naturally on dung. Penicillium vulpinum was cultivated in Potato Dextrose Broth and extracted with ethyl acetate. Bioassay-guided fractionation of this extract was performed by measuring NF-κB activity using a HEK293 cell line transfected with an NF-κB-driven luciferase reporter gene. The mycotoxin patulin was identified as a nanomolar inhibitor of TNF-α-induced NF-κB activity. Immunocytochemistry and Western blot analyses revealed that its mechanism of action involved an inhibition of p65 nuclear translocation and was independent from the NF-κB inhibitor α (IκBα) degradation process. Enhancing its interest in lung cancer chemoprevention, patulin also exhibited antiproliferative, proapoptotic, and antimigration effects on human lung adenocarcinoma cells through inhibition of the Wnt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymeric Monteillier
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, 1 Rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
| | - Pierre-Marie Allard
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, 1 Rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
| | - Katia Gindro
- Mycology and Biotechnology group, Plant, Agroscope, Route de Duillier 60, P.O. Box 1012, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland.
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, 1 Rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
| | - Muriel Cuendet
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, 1 Rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
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26
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Becker J, Wilting J. WNT signaling, the development of the sympathoadrenal-paraganglionic system and neuroblastoma. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:1057-1070. [PMID: 29058015 PMCID: PMC5814469 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2685-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a tumor of the sympathoadrenal system arising in children under 15 years of age. In Germany, NB accounts for 7% of childhood cancer cases, but 11% of cancer deaths. It originates from highly migratory progenitor cells that leave the dorsal neural tube and contribute neurons and glial cells to sympathetic ganglia, and chromaffin and supportive cells to the adrenal medulla and paraganglia. Clinically, histologically and molecularly, NBs present as extremely heterogeneous, ranging from very good to very poor prognosis. The etiology of NB still remains unclear and needs to be elucidated, however, aberrant auto- and paracrine embryonic cell communications seem to be likely candidates to initiate or facilitate the emergence, progression and regression of NB. The wingless-type MMTV integration site (WNT) family of proteins represents an evolutionary highly conserved signaling system that orchestrates embryogenesis. At least 19 ligands in the human, numerous receptors and co-receptors are known, which control not only proliferation, but also cell polarity, migration and differentiation. Here we seek to interconnect aspects of WNT signaling with sympathoadrenal and paraganglionic development to define new WNT signaling cues in the etiology and progression of NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Becker
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medical School Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Jörg Wilting
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medical School Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
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27
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Skronska-Wasek W, Gosens R, Königshoff M, Baarsma HA. WNT receptor signalling in lung physiology and pathology. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 187:150-166. [PMID: 29458107 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The WNT signalling cascades have emerged as critical regulators of a wide variety of biological aspects involved in lung development as well as in physiological and pathophysiological processes in the adult lung. WNTs (secreted glycoproteins) interact with various transmembrane receptors and co-receptors to activate signalling pathways that regulate transcriptional as well as non-transcriptional responses within cells. In physiological conditions, the majority of WNT receptors and co-receptors can be detected in the adult lung. However, dysregulation of WNT signalling pathways contributes to the development and progression of chronic lung pathologies, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and lung cancer. The interaction between a WNT and the (co-)receptor(s) present at the cell surface is the initial step in transducing an extracellular signal into an intracellular response. This proximal event in WNT signal transduction with (cell-specific) ligand-receptor interactions is of great interest as a potential target for pharmacological intervention. In this review we highlight the diverse expression of various WNT receptors and co-receptors in the aforementioned chronic lung diseases and discuss the currently available biologicals and pharmacological tools to modify proximal WNT signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Skronska-Wasek
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, Munich, Germany; Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | - Hoeke Abele Baarsma
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Research Unit Lung Repair and Regeneration, Helmholtz Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, University Hospital Grosshadern, Munich, Germany; GRIAC Research Institute, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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28
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PDE5 inhibition eliminates cancer stem cells via induction of PKA signaling. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:192. [PMID: 29416006 PMCID: PMC5833477 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0202-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are involved in metastasis and resistance development, thus affecting anticancer therapy efficacy. The underlying pathways required for CSC maintenance and survival are not fully understood and only a limited number of treatment strategies to specifically target CSCs have been identified. To identify novel CSC targeting compounds, we here set-up an aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-based phenotypic screening system that allows for an automated and standardized identification of CSCs. By staining cancer cells for ALDH activity and applying high-content-based single-cell population analysis, the proportion of a potential CSC subpopulation with significantly higher ALDH activity (ALDHhigh) can be quantified in a heterogeneous cell population. We confirmed high ALDH activity as surrogate marker for the CSC subpopulation in vitro and validated Wnt signaling as an essential factor for the maintenance of CSCs in SUM149 breast cancer cells. In a small molecule screen, we identified phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibition as potential strategy to target CSC maintenance and survival in multiple cancer cell lines. CSC elimination by PDE5 inhibition was not dependent on PKG signaling, and we suggest a novel mechanism in which PDE5 inhibition leads to elevated cGMP levels that stimulate cAMP/PKA signaling to eliminate CSCs.
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29
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Ganesh S, Shui X, Craig KP, Koser ML, Chopda GR, Cyr WA, Lai C, Dudek H, Wang W, Brown BD, Abrams MT. β-Catenin mRNA Silencing and MEK Inhibition Display Synergistic Efficacy in Preclinical Tumor Models. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:544-553. [PMID: 29282298 PMCID: PMC5805618 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal carcinomas harbor well-defined genetic abnormalities, including aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin and MAPK pathways, often simultaneously. Although the MAPK pathway can be targeted using potent small-molecule drugs, including BRAF and MEK inhibitors, β-catenin inhibition has been historically challenging. RNAi approaches have advanced to the stage of clinical viability and are especially well suited for transcriptional modulators, such as β-catenin. In this study, we report therapeutic effects of combined targeting of these pathways with pharmacologic agents. Using a recently described tumor-selective nanoparticle containing a β-catenin-targeting RNAi trigger, in combination with the FDA-approved MEK inhibitor (MEKi) trametinib, we demonstrate synergistic tumor growth inhibition in in vivo models of colorectal cancer, melanoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma. At dose levels that were insufficient to significantly impact tumor growth as monotherapies, combination regimens resulted in synergistic efficacy and complete tumor growth inhibition. Importantly, dual MEKi/RNAi therapy dramatically improved survival of mice bearing colorectal cancer liver metastases. In addition, pharmacologic silencing of β-catenin mRNA was effective against tumors that are inherently resistant or that acquire drug-induced resistance to trametinib. These results provide a strong rationale for clinical evaluation of this dual-targeting approach for cancers harboring Wnt/β-catenin and MAPK pathway mutations. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(2); 544-53. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xue Shui
- Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Kevin P Craig
- Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | | | - Wendy A Cyr
- Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Chengjung Lai
- Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Henryk Dudek
- Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Weimin Wang
- Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Bob D Brown
- Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Marc T Abrams
- Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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30
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The Wnt Signaling Landscape of Mammary Stem Cells and Breast Tumors. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 153:271-298. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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31
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Tan SH, Barker N. Wnt Signaling in Adult Epithelial Stem Cells and Cancer. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 153:21-79. [PMID: 29389518 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling is integral to the homeostasis and regeneration of many epithelial tissues due to its critical role in adult stem cell regulation. It is also implicated in many epithelial cancers, with mutations in core pathway components frequently present in patient tumors. In this chapter, we discuss the roles of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and Wnt-regulated stem cells in homeostatic, regenerative and cancer contexts of the intestines, stomach, skin, and liver. We also examine the sources of Wnt ligands that form part of the stem cell niche. Despite the diversity in characteristics of various tissue stem cells, the role(s) of Wnt/β-catenin signaling is generally coherent in maintaining stem cell fate and/or promoting proliferation. It is also likely to play similar roles in cancer stem cells, making the pathway a salient therapeutic target for cancer. While promising progress is being made in the field, deeper understanding of the functions and signaling mechanisms of the pathway in individual epithelial tissues will expedite efforts to modulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cancer treatment and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Hui Tan
- A*STAR Institute of Medical Biology, Singapore
| | - Nick Barker
- A*STAR Institute of Medical Biology, Singapore; Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Centre for Regenerative Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
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32
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Albuquerque C, Pebre Pereira L. Wnt Signalling-Targeted Therapy in the CMS2 Tumour Subtype: A New Paradigm in CRC Treatment? ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1110:75-100. [PMID: 30623367 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-02771-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancers (CRC) belonging to the consensus molecular subtype 2 (CMS2) have the highest incidence rate, affect mainly the distal colon and rectum, and are characterized by marked Wnt/β-catenin/Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 (TCF7L2) pathway activation and also by activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling. Despite having the highest overall survival, CMS2 tumours are often diagnosed at stage III when an adjuvant chemotherapy-based regimen is recommended. Nevertheless, colorectal cancer stem cells (CSCs) and circulating tumour cells may still evade the current therapeutic options and metastasize, stressing the need to develop more tailored therapeutic strategies. For example, activation of EGFR signalling is being used as a target for tailored therapy, however, therapy resistance is frequently observed. Therefore, targeting the Wnt signalling axis represents an additional therapeutic strategy, considering that CMS2 tumours are "Wnt-addicted". Several efforts have been made to identify Wnt antagonists, either of synthetic or natural origin. However, an inverse gradient of Wnt/β-catenin/TCF7L2 signalling activity during CRC progression has been suggested, with early stage and metastatic tumours displaying high and low Wnt signalling activities, respectively, which lead us to revisit the "just-right" signalling model. This may pinpoint the use of Wnt signalling agonists instead of antagonists for treatment of metastatic stages, in a context-dependent fashion. Moreover, the poor immunogenicity of these tumours challenges the use of recently emerged immunotherapies. This chapter makes a journey about CMS2 tumour characterization, their conventional treatment, and how modulation of Wnt signalling or immune response may be applied to CRC therapy. It describes the newest findings in this field and indicates where more research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Albuquerque
- Molecular Pathobiology Research Unit, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Lisbon Francisco Gentil, E.P.E., Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Lucília Pebre Pereira
- Molecular Pathobiology Research Unit, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Lisbon Francisco Gentil, E.P.E., Lisbon, Portugal
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Kagey MH, He X. Rationale for targeting the Wnt signalling modulator Dickkopf-1 for oncology. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:4637-4650. [PMID: 28574171 PMCID: PMC5727329 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt signalling is a fundamental pathway involved in embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis. Mutations in the pathway frequently lead to developmental defects and cancer. As such, therapeutic intervention of this pathway has generated tremendous interest. Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) is a secreted inhibitor of β-catenin-dependent Wnt signalling and was originally characterized as a tumour suppressor based on the prevailing view that Wnt signalling promotes cancer pathogenesis. However, DKK1 appears to increase tumour growth and metastasis in preclinical models and its elevated expression correlates with a poor prognosis in a range of cancers, indicating that DKK1 has more complex cellular and biological functions than originally appreciated. Here, we review current evidence for the cancer-promoting activity of DKK1 and recent insights into the effects of DKK1 on signalling pathways in both cancer and immune cells. We discuss the rationale and promise of targeting DKK1 for oncology. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on WNT Signalling: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.24/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xi He
- The F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Department of NeurologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
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Koopmans T, Gosens R. Revisiting asthma therapeutics: focus on WNT signal transduction. Drug Discov Today 2017; 23:49-62. [PMID: 28890197 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a complex disease of the airways that develops as a consequence of both genetic and environmental factors. This interaction has highlighted genes important in early life, particularly those that control lung development, such as the Wingless/Integrase-1 (WNT) signalling pathway. Although aberrant WNT signalling is involved with an array of human conditions, it has received little attention within the context of asthma. Yet it is highly relevant, driving events involved with inflammation, airway remodelling, and airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR). In this review, we revisit asthma therapeutics by examining whether WNT signalling is a valid therapeutic target for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Koopmans
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Pridgeon MG, Grohar PJ, Steensma MR, Williams BO. Wnt Signaling in Ewing Sarcoma, Osteosarcoma, and Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2017. [PMID: 28647886 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-017-0377-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Wnt signaling plays a central role in development and homeostasis, and its dysregulation is a common event in many types of human cancer. Here we explore in detail the contributions of Wnt signaling to the initiation and maintenance of three types of saroma: Ewing sarcoma, osteosarcoma, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. This review provides an overview of the Wnt signaling pathway and explores in detail the current knowledge about its role in the initiation or maintenance of three tumor types: Ewing sarcoma, osteosarcoma, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. RECENT FINDINGS Recent work has assessed the role(s) of Wnt signaling within these cell types. This review provides an overview of the mechanistic insights that have been gained from a number of recent studies to set the foundation for potential therapeutic applications. Wnt signaling has emerged as a potentially critical pathway in maintaining the growth of these types of tumors. Given the fact that many new inhibitors of the pathway have recently or will soon enter Phase 1 clinical trials, it is likely that assessment of their activity in these tumor types will occur in human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Pridgeon
- Grand Rapids Medical Education Partners, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Spectrum Health Cancer Center, Spectrum Health System, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Helen De Vos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Patrick J Grohar
- Spectrum Health Cancer Center, Spectrum Health System, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Helen De Vos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Matthew R Steensma
- Spectrum Health Cancer Center, Spectrum Health System, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Helen De Vos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
- Department of Surgery, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Bart O Williams
- Center for Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
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Corda G, Sala A. Non-canonical WNT/PCP signalling in cancer: Fzd6 takes centre stage. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e364. [PMID: 28737757 PMCID: PMC5541719 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2017.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Frizzled receptors are the mediators of the wnt canonical and non-canonical pathways, which play fundamental roles in cell differentiation and organism development. A large body of work indicates that dysregulation of wnt signalling is a feature of oncogenic transformation, but most of the studies published so far focus on the assessment of the consequences of aberrations of the canonical pathway in human cancer. In this review, we discuss the emerging role of the wnt non-canonical pathway regulated by frizzled receptor 6 (Fzd6) in the pathogenesis of different types of human malignancies. The function played by Fzd6 in the physiology of normal and cancer cells has been highlighted in the view that an increased knowledge of the signalling pathways upstream and downstream of this receptor could ultimately result in the identification of new targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Corda
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.,Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
| | - A Sala
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.,Institute of Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK.,Dipartimento di Scienze Psicologiche, della Salute e del Territorio, University 'G d'Annunzio' Chieti-Pescara, Centro Studi sull'Invecchiamento, Chieti, Italy
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Cole KLH, Early JJ, Lyons DA. Drug discovery for remyelination and treatment of MS. Glia 2017; 65:1565-1589. [PMID: 28618073 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Glia constitute the majority of the cells in our nervous system, yet there are currently no drugs that target glia for the treatment of disease. Given ongoing discoveries of the many roles of glia in numerous diseases of the nervous system, this is likely to change in years to come. Here we focus on the possibility that targeting the oligodendrocyte lineage to promote regeneration of myelin (remyelination) represents a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of the demyelinating disease multiple sclerosis, MS. We discuss how hypothesis driven studies have identified multiple targets and pathways that can be manipulated to promote remyelination in vivo, and how this work has led to the first ever remyelination clinical trials. We also highlight how recent chemical discovery screens have identified a host of small molecule compounds that promote oligodendrocyte differentiation in vitro. Some of these compounds have also been shown to promote myelin regeneration in vivo, with one already being trialled in humans. Promoting oligodendrocyte differentiation and remyelination represents just one potential strategy for the treatment of MS. The pathology of MS is complex, and its complete amelioration may require targeting multiple biological processes in parallel. Therefore, we present an overview of new technologies and models for phenotypic analyses and screening that can be exploited to study complex cell-cell interactions in in vitro and in vivo systems. Such technological platforms will provide insight into fundamental mechanisms and increase capacities for drug-discovery of relevance to glia and currently intractable disorders of the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katy L H Cole
- Centre for Neuroregeneration, MS Society Centre for Translational Research, Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, United Kingdom
| | - Jason J Early
- Centre for Neuroregeneration, MS Society Centre for Translational Research, Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, United Kingdom
| | - David A Lyons
- Centre for Neuroregeneration, MS Society Centre for Translational Research, Euan MacDonald Centre for Motor Neurone Disease Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4SB, United Kingdom
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Walesky C, Goessling W. WNTing no RASt for hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 2017; 65:1435-1437. [PMID: 28295459 DOI: 10.1002/hep.29157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chad Walesky
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Wolfram Goessling
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.,Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA.,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA
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Lorenzon A, Calore M, Poloni G, De Windt LJ, Braghetta P, Rampazzo A. Wnt/β-catenin pathway in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:60640-60655. [PMID: 28948000 PMCID: PMC5601168 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays essential roles in heart development as well as cardiac tissue homoeostasis in adults. Abnormal regulation of this signaling pathway is linked to a variety of cardiac disease conditions, including hypertrophy, fibrosis, arrhythmias, and infarction. Recent studies on genetically modified cellular and animal models document a crucial role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in the molecular pathogenesis of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC), an inherited disease of intercalated discs, typically characterized by ventricular arrhythmias and progressive substitution of the myocardium with fibrofatty tissue. In this review, we summarize the conflicting published data regarding the Wnt/β-catenin signaling contribution to AC pathogenesis and we report the identification of a new potential therapeutic molecule that prevents myocyte injury and cardiac dysfunction due to desmosome mutations in vitro and in vivo by interfering in this signaling pathway. Finally, we underline the potential function of microRNAs, epigenetic regulatory RNA factors reported to participate in several pathological responses in heart tissue and in the Wnt signaling network, as important modulators of Wnt/β-catenin signaling transduction in AC. Elucidation of the precise regulatory mechanism of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in AC molecular pathogenesis could provide fundamental insights for new mechanism-based therapeutic strategy to delay the onset or progression of this cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martina Calore
- Maastricht University, Department of Cardiology, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Giulia Poloni
- University of Padua, Department of Biology, Padua, Italy
| | - Leon J De Windt
- Maastricht University, Department of Cardiology, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Paola Braghetta
- University of Padua, Department of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
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