1
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Ding Y, Yang Y, Huo K, Li Y, Wang J, Himeda Y, Wang WH, Bao M. Hydrogenation of CO 2 to formate catalyzed by a Ru catalyst supported on a copolymerized porous organic polymer. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:14839-14847. [PMID: 39171620 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01923g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
The catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to formate is of great interest due to its significant role in CO2 utilization. In this study, a novel heterogeneous Ru(III) catalyst was prepared by immobilizing RuCl3 on a porous organic polymer (POP) obtained from 1,4-phthalaldehyde (PTA) and 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxaldehyde (BPDA) with melamine. A copolymerization strategy utilizing monomers of varying lengths was employed to prepare the POP-supported Ru catalyst with adjustable porosity. The optimization of the framework porosity resulted in enhanced CO2 affinity, accelerated mass transfer, and a remarkable enhancement in catalytic activity. A high turnover number (TON) of 2458 was achieved for the CO2 hydrogenation to formate in 2 h with catalyst Cat-3 under 3 MPa (CO2/H2 = 1 : 1) at 120 °C in 1 M Et3N aqueous solution. Moreover, the Cat-3 demonstrated good recyclability and was able to be reused for five consecutive runs, resulting in a high total TON of 9971.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ding
- School of Chemical Engineering Ocean and Life Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Liaodongwan New District, Panjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, China.
| | - Yuxuan Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering Ocean and Life Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Liaodongwan New District, Panjin, China
| | - Kefan Huo
- School of Chemical Engineering Ocean and Life Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Liaodongwan New District, Panjin, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Chemical Engineering Ocean and Life Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Liaodongwan New District, Panjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, China.
| | - Jiasheng Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering Ocean and Life Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Liaodongwan New District, Panjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, China.
| | - Yuichiro Himeda
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Wan-Hui Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering Ocean and Life Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Liaodongwan New District, Panjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, China.
| | - Ming Bao
- School of Chemical Engineering Ocean and Life Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Liaodongwan New District, Panjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, China.
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2
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Mandal T, Kumar A, Panda J, Kumar Dutta T, Choudhury J. Directly Knitted Hierarchical Porous Organometallic Polymer-Based Self-Supported Single-Site Catalyst for CO 2 Hydrogenation in Water. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202314451. [PMID: 37874893 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
In recent times, heterogenization of homogeneous molecular catalysts onto various porous solid support structures has attracted significant research focus as a method for combining the advantages of both homogeneous as well as heterogeneous catalysis. The design of highly efficient, structurally robust and reusable heterogenized single-site catalysts for the CO2 hydrogenation reaction is a critical challenge that needs to be accomplished to implement a sustainable and practical CO2 -looped renewable energy cycle. This study demonstrated a heterogenized catalyst [Ir-HCP-(B/TPM)] containing a molecular Ir-abnormal N-heterocyclic carbene (Ir-aNHC) catalyst self-supported by hierarchical porous hyper-crosslinked polymer (HCP), in catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to inorganic formate (HCO2 - ) salt that is a prospective candidate for direct formate fuel cells (DFFC). By employing this unique and first approach of utilizing a directly knitted HCP-based organometallic single-site catalyst for CO2 -to-HCO2 - in aqueous medium, extremely high activity with a single-run turnover number (TON) up to 50816 was achieved which is the highest so far considering all the heterogeneous catalysts for this reaction in water. Additionally, the catalyst featured excellent reusability furnishing a cumulative TON of 285400 in 10 cycles with just 1.6 % loss in activity per cycle. Overall, the new catalyst displayed attributes that are important for developing tangible catalysts for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Mandal
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Jatin Panda
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Tapas Kumar Dutta
- Functional Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Joyanta Choudhury
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal, 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
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3
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Jurado L, Esvan J, Luque-Álvarez LA, Bobadilla LF, Odriozola JA, Posada-Pérez S, Poater A, Comas-Vives A, Axet MR. Highly dispersed Rh single atoms over graphitic carbon nitride as a robust catalyst for the hydroformylation reaction. Catal Sci Technol 2023; 13:1425-1436. [PMID: 36895514 PMCID: PMC9986719 DOI: 10.1039/d2cy02094g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Rhodium-catalysed hydroformylation, effective tool in bulk and fine-chemical synthesis, predominantly uses soluble metal complexes. For that reason, the metal leaching and the catalyst recycling are still the major drawbacks of this process. Single-atom catalysts have emerged as a powerful tool to combine the advantages of both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. Since using an appropriate support material is key to create stable, finely dispersed, single-atom catalysts, here we show that Rh atoms anchored on graphitic carbon nitride are robust catalysts for the hydroformylation reaction of styrene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lole Jurado
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), UPS, INPT, Université de Toulouse 205 Route de Narbonne F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
| | - Jerome Esvan
- CIRIMAT, CNRS-INPT-UPS, Université de Toulouse 4 Allée Emile Monso 31030 Toulouse France
| | - Ligia A Luque-Álvarez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla Av. Américo Vespucio 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Luis F Bobadilla
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla Av. Américo Vespucio 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - José A Odriozola
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica e Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Sevilla, Centro Mixto CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla Av. Américo Vespucio 49 41092 Sevilla Spain
| | - Sergio Posada-Pérez
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona c/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69 17003 Girona Catalonia Spain
| | - Albert Poater
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona c/ Maria Aurèlia Capmany 69 17003 Girona Catalonia Spain
| | - Aleix Comas-Vives
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, TU Wien 1060 Vienna Austria.,Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès Catalonia Spain
| | - M Rosa Axet
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), UPS, INPT, Université de Toulouse 205 Route de Narbonne F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4 France
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4
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Iemhoff A, Vennewald M, Palkovits R. Single-Atom Catalysts on Covalent Triazine Frameworks: at the Crossroad between Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202212015. [PMID: 36108176 PMCID: PMC10108136 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous single-site and single-atom catalysts potentially enable combining the high catalytic activity and selectivity of molecular catalysts with the easy continuous operation and recycling of solid catalysts. In recent years, covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) found increasing attention as support materials for particulate and isolated metal species. Bearing a high fraction of nitrogen sites, they allow coordinating molecular metal species and stabilizing particulate metal species, respectively. Dependent on synthesis method and pretreatment of CTFs, materials resembling well-defined highly crosslinked polymers or materials comparable to structurally ill-defined nitrogen-containing carbons result. Accordingly, CTFs serve as model systems elucidating the interaction of single-site, single-atom and particulate metal species with such supports. Factors influencing the transition between molecular and particulate systems are discussed to allow deriving tailored catalyst systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andree Iemhoff
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Maurice Vennewald
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Regina Palkovits
- Institut für Technische und Makromolekulare Chemie, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Max-Planck-Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstrasse 34, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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5
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Rojas-Luna R, Castillo-Rodríguez M, Ruiz JR, Jiménez-Sanchidrián C, Esquivel D, Romero-Salguero FJ. Ru- and Ir-complex decorated periodic mesoporous organosilicas as sensitizers for artificial photosynthesis. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:18708-18721. [PMID: 36448984 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03147g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A versatile and facile strategy based on an inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction between 5-norbornen-2-yltriethoxysilane and a tetrazine derivative has been established for the synthesis of a new triethoxysilane precursor containing dipyridylpyridazine units. Such a precursor has been incorporated into the mesostructure of an ethylene-bridged periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) material through a one-pot synthesis via a co-condensation method. Upon attachment of Ru- and Ir-complexes to the pendant N-chelating heterocyclic ligands, the resulting decorated PMOs have acted as photosensitizers in artificial photosynthetic systems. The deposition of Pt on these PMOs has allowed us to obtain efficient photocatalytic materials for the hydrogen evolution reaction as a result of electron transfer from the light harvesting Ru- and Ir-complexes to the supported Pt nanoparticles through methyl viologen as an electron relay. They have exhibited total turnover number values of 573 and 846, respectively, under visible light irradiation. The role played by each component and the stability of the photocatalytic systems have been discussed. The present approach paves the way to the synthesis of different materials with coordination sites capable of forming surface complexes to be applied as sensitizers and catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Rojas-Luna
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Miguel Castillo-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Radiología y Medicina Física, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - José R Ruiz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - César Jiménez-Sanchidrián
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Dolores Esquivel
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Romero-Salguero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
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6
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Grammatico D, Bagnall AJ, Riccardi L, Fontecave M, Su BL, Billon L. Heterogenised Molecular Catalysts for Sustainable Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206399. [PMID: 35781916 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
There has been a rapid rise in interest regarding the advantages of support materials to protect and immobilise molecular catalysts for the carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2 RR) in order to overcome the weaknesses of many well-known catalysts in terms of their stability and selectivity. In this Review, the state of the art of different catalyst-support systems for the CO2 RR is discussed with the intention of leading towards standard benchmarking for comparison of such systems across the most relevant supports and immobilisation strategies, taking into account these multiple pertinent metrics, and also enabling clearer consideration of the necessary steps for further progress. The most promising support systems are described, along with a final note on the need for developing more advanced experimental and computational techniques to aid the rational design principles that are prerequisite to prospective industrial upscaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Grammatico
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry (CMI), University of Namur, 61 rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium.,Bio-inspired Materials Group: Functionality & Self-assembly, Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM UMR 5254, 64000, Pau, France.,Present address: Energy Conversion and Hydrogen Center for Energy, Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Giefinggasse 2, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrew J Bagnall
- Bio-inspired Materials Group: Functionality & Self-assembly, Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM UMR 5254, 64000, Pau, France.,Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden.,Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, 17 Rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - Ludovico Riccardi
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratories, Uppsala University, Box 523, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden.,Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marc Fontecave
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques, UMR CNRS 8229, Collège de France-CNRS-Sorbonne Université, PSL Research University, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Bao-Lian Su
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry (CMI), University of Namur, 61 rue de Bruxelles, 5000, Namur, Belgium.,State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Laurent Billon
- Bio-inspired Materials Group: Functionality & Self-assembly, Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM UMR 5254, 64000, Pau, France
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7
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Grammatico D, Bagnall AJ, Riccardi L, Fontecave M, Su BL, Billlon L. Heterogenised molecular catalysts for sustainable electrochemical CO2 reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Grammatico
- University of Namur: Universite de Namur Chemistry-CMI 61 rue de Bruxelles 5000 Namur BELGIUM
| | - Andrew J. Bagnall
- Uppsala University: Uppsala Universitet Ångström Laboratories SWEDEN
| | - Ludovico Riccardi
- Eindhoven University of Technology: Technische Universiteit Eindhoven Institute for Complex Molecular Systems NETHERLANDS
| | | | - Bao-Lian Su
- University of Namur: Universite de Namur Chemistry 61 rue de Bruxelles 5000 Namur BELGIUM
| | - Laurent Billlon
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour: Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour Physical Chemistry FRANCE
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8
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Li G, Liu Y, Chen J, Xu S, Lu N, Lin H, Liu F. A cosubstantial [0D+2D] CTF membrane with enhanced perm-selectivity and solar cleaning for multiscale molecular separation. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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9
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De Bruecker L, Everaert J, Van Der Voort P, Stevens CV, Waroquier M, Van Speybroeck V. Structural and Photophysical Properties of Various Polypyridyl Ligands: A Combined Experimental and Computational Study. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:2489-2505. [PMID: 32914533 PMCID: PMC7756581 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) with polypyridyl ligands are very promising supports to anchor photocatalytic complexes. Herein, we investigate the photophysical properties of a series of ligands which vary by the extent of the aromatic system, the nitrogen content and their topologies to aid in selecting interesting building blocks for CTFs. Interestingly, some linkers have a rotational degree of freedom, allowing both a trans and cis structure, where only the latter allows anchoring. Therefore, the influence of the dihedral angle on the UV-Vis spectrum is studied. The photophysical properties are investigated by a combined computational and experimental study. Theoretically, both static and molecular dynamics simulations are performed to deduce ground- and excited state properties based on density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT. The position of the main absorption peak shifts towards higher wavelengths for an increased size of the π-system and a higher π-electron deficiency. We found that the position of the main absorption peak among the different ligands studied in this work can amount to 271 nm; which has a significant impact on the photophysical properties of the ligands. This broad range of shifts allows modulation of the electronic structure by varying the ligands and may help in a rational design of efficient photocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liesbeth De Bruecker
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM)Ghent UniversityTechnologiepark 469052ZwijnaardeBelgium
| | - Jonas Everaert
- Research Group SynBioCDepartment of Green Chemistry and TechnologyFaculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure Links 6539000GhentBelgium
| | - Pascal Van Der Voort
- Center for Ordered MaterialsOrganometallics and Catalysis (COMOC)Department of Inorganic and Physical ChemistryGhent UniversityKrijgslaan 281 (S3)9000GentBelgium
| | - Christian V. Stevens
- Research Group SynBioCDepartment of Green Chemistry and TechnologyFaculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityCoupure Links 6539000GhentBelgium
| | - Michel Waroquier
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM)Ghent UniversityTechnologiepark 469052ZwijnaardeBelgium
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10
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Gunasekar GH, Padmanaban S, Park K, Jung KD, Yoon S. An Efficient and Practical System for the Synthesis of N,N-Dimethylformamide by CO 2 Hydrogenation using a Heterogeneous Ru Catalyst: From Batch to Continuous Flow. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:1735-1739. [PMID: 31970875 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201903364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the context of CO2 utilization, a number of CO2 conversion methods have been identified in laboratory-scale research; however, only a very few transformations have been successfully scaled up and implemented industrially. The main bottleneck in realizing industrial application of these CO2 conversions is the lack of industrially viable catalytic systems and the need for practically implementable process developments. In this study, a simple, highly efficient and recyclable ruthenium-grafted bisphosphine-based porous organic polymer (Ru@PP-POP) catalyst has been developed for the hydrogenation of CO2 to N,N-dimethylformamide, which affords a highest ever turnover number of 160 000 and an initial turnover frequency of 29 000 h-1 in a batch process. The catalyst is successfully applied in a trickle-bed reactor and utilized in an industrially feasible continuous-flow process with an excellent durability and productivity of 915 mmol h-1 gRu -1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunniya Hariyanandam Gunasekar
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul, 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Sudakar Padmanaban
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangho Park
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kookmin university, 77, Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Deog Jung
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P. O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Seoul, 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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11
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Ganesan V, Yoon S. Direct Heterogenization of Salphen Coordination Complexes to Porous Organic Polymers: Catalysts for Ring-Expansion Carbonylation of Epoxides. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:2881-2889. [PMID: 32048846 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Salen and salphens are important ligands in coordination chemistry due to their ability to form various metal complexes that can be used for a variety of organic transformations. However, salen/salphen complexes are difficult to separate from the reaction mixture, thereby limiting their application to homogeneous systems. Accordingly, considerable effort has been spent to heterogenize the metallosalen/salphen complexes; however, this has resulted in compromised activities and selectivities. Direct heterogenization of metallosalens to form porous organic polymers (POPs) shows promise for heterogeneous catalysis, because it would allow easy separation while retaining catalytic function. Thus, a facile synthetic strategy for preparing metallosalen/salphen-based porous organic polymers through direct molecular knitting using a Friedel-Crafts reaction is presented herein for the first time. As representative candidates, salphenM(III)Cl (M = Al3+ and Cr3+) complexes are knitted by covalent cross-linking using this facile, scalable, one-pot method to synthesize highly POPs in high yields. When incorporated with [Co(CO)4]- anions, the resulting heterogeneous Lewis acidic metal (Al3+ and Cr3+) POPs exhibit propylene oxide ring-expansion carbonylation activity on par with those of their homogeneous counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinothkumar Ganesan
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea 06974
| | - Sungho Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea 06974
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12
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Jaleel A, Kim SH, Natarajan P, Gunasekar GH, Park K, Yoon S, Jung KD. Hydrogenation of CO2 to formates on ruthenium(III) coordinated on melamine polymer network. J CO2 UTIL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Surface Modification of a MOF-based Catalyst with Lewis Metal Salts for Improved Catalytic Activity in the Fixation of CO2 into Polymers. Catalysts 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/catal9110892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The catalyst zinc glutarate (ZnGA) is widely used in the industry for the alternating copolymerization of CO2 with epoxides. However, the activity of this heterogeneous catalyst is restricted to the outer surface of its particles. Consequently, in the current study, to increase the number of active surface metal centers, ZnGA was treated with diverse metal salts to form heterogeneous, surface-modified ZnGA-Metal chloride (ZnGA-M) composite catalysts. These catalysts were found to be highly active for the copolymerization of CO2 and propylene oxide. Among the different metal salts, the catalysts treated with ZnCl2 (ZnGA-Zn) and FeCl3 (ZnGA-Fe) exhibited ~38% and ~25% increased productivities, respectively, compared to untreated ZnGA catalysts. In addition, these surface-modified catalysts are capable of producing high-molecular-weight polymers; thus, this simple and industrially viable surface modification method is beneficial from an environmental and industrial perspective.
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14
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Corral‐Pérez JJ, Billings A, Stoian D, Urakawa A. Continuous Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Formic Acid and Methyl Formate by a Molecular Iridium Complex Stably Heterogenized on a Covalent Triazine Framework. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201901179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan José Corral‐Pérez
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Amelia Billings
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
| | - Dragos Stoian
- The Swiss Norwegian Beamlines (SNBL)European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) BP 220 38043 Grenoble France
| | - Atsushi Urakawa
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology Av. Països Catalans 16 43007 Tarragona Spain
- Catalysis Engineering, Department of Chemical EngineeringDelft University of Technology Van der Maasweg 9 2629 HZ Delft The Netherlands
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Muniz-Miranda F, De Bruecker L, De Vos A, Vanden Bussche F, Stevens CV, Van Der Voort P, Lejaeghere K, Van Speybroeck V. Optical Properties of Isolated and Covalent Organic Framework-Embedded Ruthenium Complexes. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:6854-6867. [PMID: 31322892 PMCID: PMC6698874 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b05216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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Heterogenization
of RuL3 complexes on a support with
proper anchor points provides a route toward design of green catalysts.
In this paper, Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes are investigated with
the aim to unravel the influence on the photocatalytic properties
of varying nitrogen content in the ligands and of embedding the complex
in a triazine-based covalent organic framework. To provide fundamental
insight into the electronic mechanisms underlying this behavior, a
computational study is performed. Both the ground and excited state
properties of isolated and anchored ruthenium complexes are theoretically
investigated by means of density functional theory and time-dependent
density functional theory. Varying the ligands among 2,2′-bipyridine,
2,2′-bipyrimidine, and 2,2′-bipyrazine allows us to
tune to a certain extent the optical gaps and the metal to ligand
charge transfer excitations. Heterogenization of the complex within
a CTF support has a significant effect on the nature and energy of
the electronic transitions. The allowed transitions are significantly
red-shifted toward the near IR region and involve transitions from
states localized on the CTF toward ligands attached to the ruthenium.
The study shows how variations in ligands and anchoring on proper
supports allows us to increase the range of wavelengths that may be
exploited for photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Muniz-Miranda
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM) , Ghent University , Technologiepark 46 , 9052 Zwijnaarde , Belgium
| | - Liesbeth De Bruecker
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM) , Ghent University , Technologiepark 46 , 9052 Zwijnaarde , Belgium
| | - Arthur De Vos
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM) , Ghent University , Technologiepark 46 , 9052 Zwijnaarde , Belgium
| | - Flore Vanden Bussche
- Research Group SynBioC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering , Ghent University , Campus Coupure, Coupure Links 653 bl. B , 9000 Gent , Belgium.,Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281 (S3) , 9000 Gent , Belgium
| | - Christian V Stevens
- Research Group SynBioC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering , Ghent University , Campus Coupure, Coupure Links 653 bl. B , 9000 Gent , Belgium
| | - Pascal Van Der Voort
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281 (S3) , 9000 Gent , Belgium
| | - Kurt Lejaeghere
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM) , Ghent University , Technologiepark 46 , 9052 Zwijnaarde , Belgium
| | - Veronique Van Speybroeck
- Center for Molecular Modeling (CMM) , Ghent University , Technologiepark 46 , 9052 Zwijnaarde , Belgium
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Gunasekar GH, Jung KD, Yoon S. Hydrogenation of CO2 to Formate using a Simple, Recyclable, and Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:3717-3723. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gunniya Hariyanandam Gunasekar
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kookmin University, 861-1 Jeongneung-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-702, Republic of Korea
- Clean Energy Research Centre, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Deog Jung
- Clean Energy Research Centre, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 131, Cheongryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungho Yoon
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kookmin University, 861-1 Jeongneung-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-702, Republic of Korea
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