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Kula J, Kuter KZ. MUFA synthesis and stearoyl-CoA desaturase as a new pharmacological target for modulation of lipid and alpha-synuclein interaction against Parkinson's disease synucleinopathy. Neuropharmacology 2024; 249:109865. [PMID: 38342377 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.109865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Protein pathology spreading within the nervous system, accompanies neurodegeneration and a spectrum of motor and cognitive dysfunctions. Currently available therapies against Parkinson's disease and other synucleinopathies are mostly symptomatic and fail to slow the disease progression in the long term. Modification of α-synuclein (αS) aggregation and toxicity of its pathogenic forms is one of the main goals in neuroprotective approach. Since the discovery of lipid component of Lewy bodies, fatty acids became a crucial, yet little explored target for research. MUFAs (monounsaturated fatty acids) are substrates for lipids, such as phospholipids, triglycerides and cholesteryl esters. They regulate membrane fluidity, take part in signal transduction, cellular differentiation and other fundamental processes. αS and MUFA interactions are essential for Lewy body pathology. αS increases levels of MUFAs, mainly oleic acid, which in turn can enhance αS toxicity and aggregation. Thus, reduction of MUFAs synthesis by inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) activity could be the new way to prevent aggravation of αS pathology. Due to the limited distribution in peripheral tissues, SCD5 is a potential target in novel therapies and therefore could be an important starting point in search for disease-modifying neuroprotective therapy. Here we summarize facts about physiology and pathology of αS, explain recently discovered lipid-αS interactions, review SCD function and involved mechanisms, present available SCD inhibitors and discuss their pharmacological potential in disease management. Modulation of MUFA synthesis, decreasing αS and lipid toxicity is clearly essential, but unexplored avenue in pharmacotherapy of Parkinson's disease and synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kula
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna St., 31-343 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Z Kuter
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna St., 31-343 Krakow, Poland.
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2
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Jiang J, Wang S, Li Y, Wang Y, Liao R. Has-miR-199a-3p/RELA/SCD inhibits immune checkpoints in AMD and promotes macrophage-mediated inflammation and pathological angiogenesis through lipid metabolism pathway: A computational analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297849. [PMID: 38625951 PMCID: PMC11020405 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
More and more evidence shows that abnormal lipid metabolism leads to immune system dysfunction in AMD and promotes the occurrence of AMD by changing the homeostasis of ocular inflammation. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the effect of lipid metabolism on the phenotype and function of macrophages is still unclear, and the mechanism of association between AMD and cancer and COVID-19 has not been reported. The purpose of this study is to explore the interaction between lipid metabolism related genes, ferroptosis related genes and immunity in AMD, find out the key genes that affect the ferroptosis of AMD through lipid metabolism pathway and the molecular mechanism that mediates the action of macrophages, and find out the possible mechanism of lipid metabolism and potential co-therapeutic targets between AMD and cancer and COVID-19, so as to improve treatment decision-making and clinical results. For the first time, we have comprehensively analyzed the fatty acid molecule related genes, ferroptosis related genes and immune microenvironment of AMD patients, and determined that mast cells and M1 macrophages are the main causes of AMD inflammation, and found that SCD is the core gene in AMD that inhibits ferroptosis through lipid metabolism pathway, and verified the difference in the expression of SCD in AMD in a separate external data set. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of action of the SCD gene, we found for the first time that Has-miR-199a-3p/RELA/SCD is the core axis of action of lipid metabolism pathway to inhibit the ferroptosis of AMD. By inhibiting the immune checkpoint, we can enhance the immune cell activity of AMD and lead to the transformation of macrophages from M2 to M1, thereby promoting the inflammation and pathological angiogenesis of AMD. At the same time, we found that ACOX2 and PECR, as genes for fatty acid metabolism, may regulate the expression of SCD during the occurrence and development of COVID-19, thus affecting the occurrence and development of AMD. We found that FASD1 may be a key gene for the joint action of AMD and COVID-19, and SCD regulates the immune infiltration of macrophages in glioma and germ line tumors. In conclusion, our results can provide theoretical basis for the pathogenesis of AMD, help guide the treatment of AMD patients and their potentially related diseases and help to design effective drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Yun Li
- School of Biology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China
- Kindstar Global Precision Medicine Institute, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Rongfeng Liao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
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3
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Lee J, Jang S, Im J, Han Y, Kim S, Jo H, Wang W, Cho U, Kim SI, Seol A, Kim B, Song YS. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 inhibition induces ER stress-mediated apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:73. [PMID: 38566208 PMCID: PMC10988872 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01389-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a leading cause of death among gynecologic tumors, often detected at advanced stages. Metabolic reprogramming and increased lipid biosynthesis are key factors driving cancer cell growth. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is a crucial enzyme involved in de novo lipid synthesis, producing mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). Here, we aimed to investigate the expression and significance of SCD1 in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Comparative analysis of normal ovarian surface epithelial (NOSE) tissues and cell lines revealed elevated SCD1 expression in EOC tissues and cells. Inhibition of SCD1 significantly reduced the proliferation of EOC cells and patient-derived organoids and induced apoptotic cell death. Interestingly, SCD1 inhibition did not affect the viability of non-cancer cells, indicating selective cytotoxicity against EOC cells. SCD1 inhibition on EOC cells induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by activating the unfolded protein response (UPR) sensors and resulted in apoptosis. The addition of exogenous oleic acid, a product of SCD1, rescued EOC cells from ER stress-mediated apoptosis induced by SCD1 inhibition, underscoring the importance of lipid desaturation for cancer cell survival. Taken together, our findings suggest that the inhibition of SCD1 is a promising biomarker as well as a novel therapeutic target for ovarian cancer by regulating ER stress and inducing cancer cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juwon Lee
- WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suin Jang
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Im
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjin Han
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soochi Kim
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Paul F. Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - HyunA Jo
- WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wenyu Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Untack Cho
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Ik Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aeran Seol
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Boyun Kim
- Department of SmartBio, College of Life and Health Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sang Song
- WCU Biomodulation, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Rivero P, Ivanova V, Barril X, Casampere M, Casas J, Fabriàs G, Díaz Y, Matheu MI. Targeting dihydroceramide desaturase 1 (Des1): Syntheses of ceramide analogues with a rigid scaffold, inhibitory assays, and AlphaFold2-assisted structural insights reveal cyclopropenone PR280 as a potent inhibitor. Bioorg Chem 2024; 145:107233. [PMID: 38422591 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Dihydroceramide desaturase 1 (Des1) catalyzes the formation of a CC double bond in dihydroceramide to furnish ceramide. Inhibition of Des1 is related to cell cycle arrest and programmed cell death. The lack of the Des1 crystalline structure, as well as that of a close homologue, hampers the detailed understanding of its inhibition mechanism and difficults the design of new inhibitors, thus making Des1 a strategic target. Based on previous structure-activity studies, different ceramides containing rigid scaffolds were designed. The synthesis and evaluation of these compounds as Des1 inhibitors allowed the identification of PR280 as a better Des 1 inhibitor in vitro (IC50 = 700 nM) than GT11 and XM462, the current reference inhibitors. This cyclopropenone ceramide was obtained in a 6-step synthesis with a 24 % overall yield. The highly confident 3D structure of Des1, recently predicted by AlphaFold2, served as the basis for conducting docking studies of known Des1 inhibitors and the ceramide derivatives synthesized by us in this study. For this purpose, a complete holoprotein structure was previously constructed. This study has allowed a better knowledge of key ligand-enzyme interactions for Des1 inhibitory activity. Furthermore, it sheds some light on the inhibition mechanism of GT11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Rivero
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Faculty of Chemistry, C/Marcel.lí Domingo 1, Tarragona 43007, Spain
| | - Varbina Ivanova
- Universitat de Barcelona, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Xavier Barril
- Universitat de Barcelona, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, Barcelona 08028, Spain
| | - Mireia Casampere
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Department of Biological Chemistry, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Josefina Casas
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Department of Biological Chemistry, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Gemma Fabriàs
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Department of Biological Chemistry, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Yolanda Díaz
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Faculty of Chemistry, C/Marcel.lí Domingo 1, Tarragona 43007, Spain.
| | - M Isabel Matheu
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Faculty of Chemistry, C/Marcel.lí Domingo 1, Tarragona 43007, Spain.
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5
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Heravi G, Liu Z, Herroon M, Wilson A, Fan YY, Jiang Y, Vakeesan N, Tao L, Peng Z, Zhang K, Li J, Chapkin RS, Podgorski I, Liu W. Targeting Fatty Acid Desaturase I Inhibits Renal Cancer Growth Via ATF3-mediated ER Stress Response. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.23.586426. [PMID: 38586033 PMCID: PMC10996531 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.23.586426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) play a pivotal role in maintaining endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis, an emerging hallmark of cancer. However, the role of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFAs) desaturation in persistent ER stress driven by oncogenic abnormalities remains elusive. Fatty Acid Desaturase 1 (FADS1) is a rate-limiting enzyme controlling the bioproduction of long-chain PUFAs. Our previous research has demonstrated the significant role of FADS1 in cancer survival, especially in kidney cancers. We explored the underlying mechanism in this study. We found that pharmacological inhibition or knockdown of the expression of FADS1 effectively inhibits renal cancer cell proliferation and induces cell cycle arrest. The stable knockdown of FADS1 also significantly inhibits tumor formation in vivo. Mechanistically, we show that while FADS1 inhibition induces ER stress, its expression is also augmented by ER-stress inducers. Notably, FADS1-inhibition sensitized cellular response to ER stress inducers, providing evidence of FADS1's role in modulating the ER stress response in cancer cells. We show that, while FADS1 inhibition-induced ER stress leads to activation of ATF3, ATF3-knockdown rescues the FADS1 inhibition-induced ER stress and cell growth suppression. In addition, FADS1 inhibition results in the impaired biosynthesis of nucleotides and decreases the level of UPD-N-Acetylglucosamine, a critical mediator of the unfolded protein response. Our findings suggest that PUFA desaturation is crucial for rescuing cancer cells from persistent ER stress, supporting FADS1 as a new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gioia Heravi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Zhenjie Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Mackenzie Herroon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Alexis Wilson
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Yang-Yi Fan
- Department of Nutrition, Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Nivisa Vakeesan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Li Tao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Zheyun Peng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Kezhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Robert S. Chapkin
- Department of Nutrition, Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- CPRIT Regional Center of Excellence in Cancer Research, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Izabela Podgorski
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Wanqing Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
- Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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6
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Junior TFB, Lima NM, Carli GP, M Cachuba R, J Guarneire G, J Tabai B, M Abrão R, G Barbosa S, Machado LS, S Nunes J, S Machado F, Andrade TDJAS, Br Castro S, Vaz BG, A Amaral E, S Alves CC, Carli AP. In vitro antitumor effects of aqueous extract and protease inhibitors from Sterculia striata st. Hil. et naud and metabolite profiling. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-6. [PMID: 38319135 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2302326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The present study aims to assess the cytotoxic effect of the aqueous and protease inhibitors extracts of Sterculia striata on breast cancer cell lines. The in vitro results showed significant reductions in the highest concentrations from the S. striata seed extract for all cell lines. The aqueous extract reduced the viability by up to 35% in the MCF-7, 25% in the 4T1, and 35% in the MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Regarding the protease inhibitor extract, a 50% reduction in cell viability was observed in the MDA-MB-231 at concentration of 333 µg/mL. The aqueous and the protease inhibitor extracts showed mild reduction in the viability of macrophage cell lines. Chemical characterisation analysis revealed several polyphenols such as flavonoids, tannins, phenolic acids, and other secondary metabolites including terpenes, steroids, fatty acids, and organic acids, which may be related to the promising bioactivity observed. The S. striata showed antitumor activity, emphasising its pharmacological potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadeu F Braga Junior
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, DiamantinaBrazil
| | - Nerilson M Lima
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Gabriela P Carli
- Medical school, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Roberta M Cachuba
- Medical school, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gracimério J Guarneire
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, DiamantinaBrazil
| | - Beatriz J Tabai
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, DiamantinaBrazil
| | - Roberta M Abrão
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, DiamantinaBrazil
| | - Samuel G Barbosa
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, DiamantinaBrazil
| | - Lucas S Machado
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Jander S Nunes
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, DiamantinaBrazil
| | - Fabiana S Machado
- Medical school, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Sandra Br Castro
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, DiamantinaBrazil
| | - Boniek G Vaz
- Department of Chemistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Ernani A Amaral
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, DiamantinaBrazil
| | - Caio Cesar S Alves
- Medical school, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alessandra P Carli
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, DiamantinaBrazil
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7
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Chew LY, Teng SK, Neo YP, Sim YY, Chew SC. The Potential of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) Plant in Industrial Applications: A Promising Source of Functional Compounds. J Oleo Sci 2024; 73:275-292. [PMID: 38432993 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess23111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Roselle is an annual botanical plant that widely planted in different countries worldwide. Its different parts, including seeds, leaves, and calyces, can offer multi-purpose applications with economic importance. The present review discusses the detailed profile of bioactive compounds present in roselle seeds, leaves, and calyces, as well as their extraction and processing, to explore their potential application in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, nutraceutical, food and other industries. Roselle seeds with high phenolics, fiber, and protein contents, which are suitable to use in functional food product development. Besides, roselle seeds can yield 17-20% of roselle seed oil with high content of linoleic acid (35.0-45.3%) and oleic acid (27.1- 36.9%). This unique fatty acid composition of roselle seed oil makes it suitable to use as edible oil to offer the health benefits of essential fatty acid. Moreover, high contents of tocopherols, phenolics, and phytosterols were detected in roselle seed oil to provide nutritional, pharmaceutical, and therapeutic properties. On the other hand, roselle leaves with valuable contents of phenols, flavonoids, organic acid, and tocopherols can be applied in silver nanoparticles, food product development, and the pharmaceutical industry. Roselle calyces with high content of anthocyanins, protocatechuic acids, and organic acids are widely applied in food and colorant industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lye Yee Chew
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus
| | | | - Yun Ping Neo
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus
| | | | - Sook Chin Chew
- School of Foundation Studies, Xiamen University Malaysia Campus
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8
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Pariente A, Peláez R, Ochoa R, Pérez-Sala Á, Villanueva-Martínez Á, Bobadilla M, Larráyoz IM. Targeting 7KCh-Induced Cell Death Response Mediated by p38, P2X7 and GSDME in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells with Sterculic Acid. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2590. [PMID: 38004569 PMCID: PMC10675123 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the main cause of blindness in developed countries. AMD is characterized by the formation of drusen, which are lipidic deposits, between retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the choroid. One of the main molecules accumulated in drusen is 7-Ketocholesterol (7KCh), an oxidized-cholesterol derivative. It is known that 7KCh induces inflammatory and cytotoxic responses in different cell types and the study of its mechanism of action is interesting in order to understand the development of AMD. Sterculic acid (SA) counteracts 7KCh response in RPE cells and could represent an alternative to improve currently used AMD treatments, which are not efficient enough. In the present study, we determine that 7KCh induces a complex cell death signaling characterized by the activation of necrosis and an alternative pyroptosis mediated by P2X7, p38 and GSDME, a new mechanism not yet related to the response to 7KCh until now. On the other hand, SA treatment can successfully attenuate the activation of both necrosis and pyroptosis, highlighting its therapeutic potential for the treatment of AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pariente
- Biomarkers and Molecular Signaling Group, Neurodegeneration Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (A.P.); (R.P.); (R.O.); (Á.P.-S.); (Á.V.-M.)
| | - Rafael Peláez
- Biomarkers and Molecular Signaling Group, Neurodegeneration Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (A.P.); (R.P.); (R.O.); (Á.P.-S.); (Á.V.-M.)
| | - Rodrigo Ochoa
- Biomarkers and Molecular Signaling Group, Neurodegeneration Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (A.P.); (R.P.); (R.O.); (Á.P.-S.); (Á.V.-M.)
- Proteomics Research Core Facility, Aragonese Institute of Health Sciences (IACS), San Juan Bosco 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Álvaro Pérez-Sala
- Biomarkers and Molecular Signaling Group, Neurodegeneration Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (A.P.); (R.P.); (R.O.); (Á.P.-S.); (Á.V.-M.)
| | - Ángela Villanueva-Martínez
- Biomarkers and Molecular Signaling Group, Neurodegeneration Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (A.P.); (R.P.); (R.O.); (Á.P.-S.); (Á.V.-M.)
| | - Miriam Bobadilla
- Biomarkers and Molecular Signaling Group, Neurodegeneration Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (A.P.); (R.P.); (R.O.); (Á.P.-S.); (Á.V.-M.)
| | - Ignacio M. Larráyoz
- Biomarkers and Molecular Signaling Group, Neurodegeneration Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain; (A.P.); (R.P.); (R.O.); (Á.P.-S.); (Á.V.-M.)
- Biomarkers, Artificial Intelligence and Signaling (BIAS), Department of Nursing, University of La Rioja, Duquesa de la Victoria 88, 26006 Logroño, Spain
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9
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Bedoya-Guzmán FA, Pacheco-Herrero M, Salomon-Cruz ID, Barrera-Sandoval AM, Gutierrez Vargas JA, Villamil-Ortiz JG, Villegas Lanau CA, Arias-Londoño JD, Area-Gomez E, Cardona Gomez GP. BACE1 and SCD1 are associated with neurodegeneration. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1194203. [PMID: 37744400 PMCID: PMC10516302 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1194203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Proteolytic processing of amyloid protein precursor by β-site secretase enzyme (BACE1) is dependent on the cellular lipid composition and is affected by endomembrane trafficking in dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is responsible for the synthesis of fatty acid monounsaturation (MUFAs), whose accumulation is strongly associated with cognitive dysfunction. Methods In this study, we analyzed the relationship between BACE1 and SCD1 in vivo and in vitro neurodegenerative models and their association in familial AD (FAD), sporadic AD (SAD), and cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) using microscopy, biochemical, and mass SPECT approach. Results Our findings showed that BACE1 and SCD1 immunoreactivities were increased and colocalized in astrocytes of the hippocampus in a rat model of global cerebral ischemia (2-VO). A synergistic effect of double BACE1/SCD1 silencing on the recovery of motor and cognitive functions was obtained. This neuroprotective regulation involved the segregation of phospholipids (PLs) associated with polyunsaturated fatty acids in the hippocampus, cerebrospinal fluid, and serum. The double silencing in the sham and ischemic groups was stronger in the serum, inducing an inverse ratio between total phosphatydilcholine (PC) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), represented mainly by the reduction of PC 38:4 and PC 36:4 and an increase in LPC 16:0 and LPC 18:0. Furthermore, PC 38:4 and PC:36:4 levels augmented in pathological conditions in in vitro AD models. BACE1 and SCD1 increases were confirmed in the hippocampus of FAD, SAD, and CADASIL. Conclusion Therefore, the findings suggest a novel convergence of BACE-1 and SCD1 in neurodegeneration, related to pro-inflammatory phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferley A. Bedoya-Guzmán
- Faculty of Medicine University of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area and Neurobank, Group of Neuroscience (GNA), Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mar Pacheco-Herrero
- Faculty of Medicine University of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area and Neurobank, Group of Neuroscience (GNA), Medellín, Colombia
- Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra, Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic
| | - Ivan Daniel Salomon-Cruz
- Faculty of Medicine University of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area and Neurobank, Group of Neuroscience (GNA), Medellín, Colombia
| | - Angela Maria Barrera-Sandoval
- Faculty of Medicine University of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area and Neurobank, Group of Neuroscience (GNA), Medellín, Colombia
| | - Johanna Andrea Gutierrez Vargas
- Faculty of Medicine University of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area and Neurobank, Group of Neuroscience (GNA), Medellín, Colombia
- Grupo de Investigación en Salud del Adulto Mayor (GISAM), Corporación Universitaria Remington, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Javier Gustavo Villamil-Ortiz
- Faculty of Medicine University of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area and Neurobank, Group of Neuroscience (GNA), Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carlos Andres Villegas Lanau
- Faculty of Medicine University of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area and Neurobank, Group of Neuroscience (GNA), Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Estela Area-Gomez
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Gloria Patricia Cardona Gomez
- Faculty of Medicine University of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area and Neurobank, Group of Neuroscience (GNA), Medellín, Colombia
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10
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Sen U, Coleman C, Sen T. Stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase-1: multitasker in cancer, metabolism, and ferroptosis. Trends Cancer 2023; 9:480-489. [PMID: 37029018 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Cancer progression is a highly balanced process and is maintained by a sequence of finely tuned metabolic pathways. Stearoyl coenzyme A desaturase-1 (SCD1), the fatty enzyme that converts saturated fatty acids into monounsaturated fatty acids, is a critical modulator of the fatty acid metabolic pathway. SCD1 expression is associated with poor prognosis in several cancer types. SCD1 triggers an iron-dependent cell death called ferroptosis and elevated levels of SCD1 protect cancer cells against ferroptosis. Pharmacological inhibition of SCD1 as monotherapy and in combination with chemotherapeutic agents shows promising antitumor potential in preclinical models. In this review, we summarize the role of SCD in cancer cell progression, survival, and ferroptosis and discuss potential strategies to exploit SCD1 inhibition in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utsav Sen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Charles Coleman
- The Bioinformatics for Next Generation Sequencing (BiNGS) Core, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Triparna Sen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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11
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Pariente A, Pérez-Sala Á, Ochoa R, Bobadilla M, Villanueva-Martínez Á, Peláez R, Larráyoz IM. Identification of 7-Ketocholesterol-Modulated Pathways and Sterculic Acid Protective Effect in Retinal Pigmented Epithelium Cells by Using Genome-Wide Transcriptomic Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087459. [PMID: 37108627 PMCID: PMC10144535 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in developed countries. AMD is characterized by the formation of lipidic deposits between the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and the choroid called drusen. 7-Ketocholesterol (7KCh), an oxidized-cholesterol derivative, is closely related to AMD as it is one of the main molecules accumulated in drusen. 7KCh induces inflammatory and cytotoxic responses in different cell types, and a better knowledge of the signaling pathways involved in its response would provide a new perspective on the molecular mechanisms that lead to the development of AMD. Furthermore, currently used therapies for AMD are not efficient enough. Sterculic acid (SA) attenuates the 7KCh response in RPE cells and is presented as an alternative to improve these therapies. By using genome-wide transcriptomic analysis in monkey RPE cells, we have provided new insight into 7KCh-induced signaling in RPE cells, as well as the protective capacity of SA. 7KCh modulates the expression of several genes associated with lipid metabolism, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation and cell death and induces a complex response in RPE cells. The addition of SA successfully attenuates the deleterious effect of 7KCh and highlights its potential for the treatment of AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pariente
- Biomarkers and Molecular Signaling Group, Neurodegeneration Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Álvaro Pérez-Sala
- Biomarkers and Molecular Signaling Group, Neurodegeneration Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Ochoa
- Biomarkers and Molecular Signaling Group, Neurodegeneration Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain
- Proteomics Research Core Facility, Aragonese Institute of Health Sciences (IACS), University of Zaragoza, San Juan Bosco 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Miriam Bobadilla
- Biomarkers and Molecular Signaling Group, Neurodegeneration Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Ángela Villanueva-Martínez
- Biomarkers and Molecular Signaling Group, Neurodegeneration Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Rafael Peláez
- Biomarkers and Molecular Signaling Group, Neurodegeneration Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Ignacio M Larráyoz
- Biomarkers and Molecular Signaling Group, Neurodegeneration Area, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Piqueras 98, 26006 Logroño, Spain
- Biomarkers, Artificial Intelligence and Signaling (BIAS), Department of Nursing, University of La Rioja, Duquesa de la Victoria 88, 26006 Logroño, Spain
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12
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Bennato F, Ianni A, Bellocci M, Grotta L, Sacchetti G, Martino G. Influence of dietary grape pomace supplementation on chemical and sensorial properties of ewes’ cheese. Int Dairy J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2023.105671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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13
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Yu C, Yang X, Jiang Q, Liu Z, Chen Y, Zang G, Huang W. SCD1 deficiency exacerbates osteoarthritis by inducing ferroptosis in chondrocytes. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2023; 11:171. [PMID: 36923091 PMCID: PMC10009576 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-6630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a severe joint disease that causes cartilage destruction and mobility loss. Abnormal fatty acid metabolism of chondrocytes plays a role in OA development. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the anabolism of unsaturated fatty acids. This study aimed to investigate the role of the SCD1 protein in the degenerative process of OA. Methods The GSE176199 gene expression profile dataset was analyzed by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). An animal model of OA was established using C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) (n=40) and SCD1 knockout (SCD1-KO) (n=20) mice. The histological scoring method of the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) was used to quantify the degree of cartilage degeneration. The expression of SCD1 protein and relevant ferroptosis indicators were evaluated. Results The GSEA analysis showed that unsaturated fatty acid synthesis was inhibited in human OA chondrocytes. Meanwhile, the expression of SCD1 protein was significantly reduced in human OA articular cartilage. SCD1-KO mice exhibited early OA and accelerated cartilage loss after destabilization of medial meniscus (DMM)-induced OA. Furthermore, we found that the SCD1-PPARG axis regulates articular cartilage homeostasis via a mechanism involving the induction of ferroptosis-related gene expression in ATDC5 chondrocytes. Conclusions SCD1 deficiency exacerbates OA by inducing ferroptosis in chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xian Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingsong Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhibo Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guangchao Zang
- Institute of Life Science, and Laboratory of Tissue and Cell Biology, Lab Teaching & Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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14
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Crosstalk between fatty acid metabolism and tumour-associated macrophages in cancer progression. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2023; 12:9-19. [PMID: 36816174 PMCID: PMC9910230 DOI: 10.37796/2211-8039.1381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last few decades, cancer has been regarded as an independent and self sustaining progression. The earliest hallmarks of cancer comprise of sustaining proliferative signalling, avoiding growth suppressors, resisting cell death, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, and activating invasion and metastasis. Nonetheless, two emerging hallmarks are being described: aberrant metabolic pathways and evasion of immune destruction. Changes in tumour cell metabolism are not restricted to tumour cells alone; the products of the altered metabolism have a direct impact on the activity of immune cells inside the tumour microenvironment, particularly tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs). The complicated process of cancer growth is orchestrated by metabolic changes dictating the tight mutual connection between these cells. Here, we discuss approaches to exploit the interaction of cancer cells' abnormal metabolic activity and TAMs. We also describe ways to exploit it by reprogramming fatty acid metabolism via TAMs.
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15
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Chu DT, Bui NL, Le NH. Adrenoceptors and SCD1 in adipocytes/adipose tissues: The expression and variation in health and obesity. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 194:311-332. [PMID: 36631196 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, considered a metabolic disorder, is one of the most significant health issues that the community has to cope with today. A rising number of studies have been conducted to find out promising genetic targets for obese treatment. The sympathetic nervous system was proven to possess remarkable roles in energy metabolism, including the stimulation of lipolysis as well as thermogenesis, via distinct adrenoceptors appearing on the membrane of adipocyte. A decrease of β-adrenoceptor expression has been observed in obese individuals, which is related to reducing energy expenditure and developing obesity. While that the deficiency of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1), which is a promising target for treatments of metabolic diseases, decreases oxidation and promotes the synthesis of fatty acids. Here, we emphasized several differences between distinct adrenoceptor subtypes, including their mRNA expression level and function in white adipose tissue and brown adipose tissue. We also highlighted SCD1's roles related to the progression of adipocytes and its changing expression under the obese condition in both rodents and humans, and furthermore, tried to figure out the interaction between adrenoceptors and SCD1 in adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinh-Toi Chu
- Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam; Faculty of Applied Sciences, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Nhat-Le Bui
- Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam; Faculty of Applied Sciences, International School, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Hoan Le
- Faculty of Biology, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam
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16
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William S, Duncan T, Redmond TM. Pretreatment of human retinal pigment epithelial cells with sterculic acid forestalls fenretinide-induced apoptosis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22442. [PMID: 36575190 PMCID: PMC9794835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26383-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The ratio of saturated to monounsaturated fatty acids, thought to play a critical role in many cellular functions, is regulated by stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD), a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids. Previously, we observed a decrease in both SCD protein and enzymatic activity in apoptosis induced by fenretinide, a synthetic analog of retinoic acid, in the human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell line ARPE-19. Here, we investigated the effect of pretreating ARPE-19 with sterculic acid, a cyclopropenoic fatty acid inhibitor of SCD, on preventing fenretinide-induced apoptosis, given the role of SCD in cell proliferation and apoptosis. We show that sterculic acid pretreatment prevents the effects of fenretinide-induced apoptosis shown by changes in cell morphology, viability, and caspase-3 activation. Analysis of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated proteins shows that sterculic acid pretreatment reduced the fenretinide-induced upregulation of heme oxygenase-1, ATF3 and GADD153 expression that are in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Sterculic acid is as effective as allopurinol in inhibition of xanthine oxidase (XDH), and this may play a role in reducing the potential role of XDH in fenretinide-induced ROS generation. Sterculic acid pretreatment also results in a reduction in SOD2 mRNA expression. Dihydroceramide accumulation, compared to ceramide, and ROS generation indicate that a ceramide-independent pathway mediates fenretinide-induced apoptosis, and ROS mediation is borne out by activation of the NF-κBp50 and NF-κBp65 downstream signaling cascade. Its prevention by sterculic acid pretreatment further indicates the latter's antioxidant/anti-inflammatory effect. Taken together, our results suggest that sterculic acid pretreatment can mitigate ROS-mediated fenretinide-induced apoptosis. Thus, sterculic acid may serve as a potential antioxidant and therapeutic agent. These effects may be independent of its effects on SCD activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel William
- grid.280030.90000 0001 2150 6316Laboratory of Retinal Cell and Molecular Biology, Bldg. 6/Room 112A, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-0608 USA
| | - Todd Duncan
- grid.280030.90000 0001 2150 6316Laboratory of Retinal Cell and Molecular Biology, Bldg. 6/Room 112A, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-0608 USA
| | - T. Michael Redmond
- grid.280030.90000 0001 2150 6316Laboratory of Retinal Cell and Molecular Biology, Bldg. 6/Room 112A, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, 6 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-0608 USA
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17
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Lizard G, Hammami M, Poli G. Pharmacological and Nutraceutical Activation of Rejuvenation, Geroprotection and Cytoprotection: Proofs of Concept. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233786. [PMID: 36497045 PMCID: PMC9737771 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a process associated with life [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Gérard Lizard
- Team Bio-PeroxIL ‘Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism’ (EA 7270), Université de Bourgogne, Inserm, 21000 Dijon, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohamed Hammami
- Lab-NAFS ‘Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health’, Faculty of Medicine, LR12ES05, University Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Giuseppe Poli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, Orbassano, 10043 Turin, Italy
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18
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Bertheussen K, van de Plassche M, Bakkum T, Gagestein B, Ttofi I, Sarris AJC, Overkleeft HS, van der Stelt M, van Kasteren SI. Live-Cell Imaging of Sterculic Acid-a Naturally Occurring 1,2-Cyclopropene Fatty Acid-by Bioorthogonal Reaction with Turn-On Tetrazine-Fluorophore Conjugates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207640. [PMID: 35838324 PMCID: PMC9546306 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In the field of lipid research, bioorthogonal chemistry has made the study of lipid uptake and processing in living systems possible, whilst minimising biological properties arising from detectable pendant groups. To allow the study of unsaturated free fatty acids in live cells, we here report the use of sterculic acid, a 1,2-cyclopropene-containing oleic acid analogue, as a bioorthogonal probe. We show that this lipid can be readily taken up by dendritic cells without toxic side effects, and that it can subsequently be visualised using an inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction with quenched tetrazine-fluorophore conjugates. In addition, the lipid can be used to identify changes in protein oleoylation after immune cell activation. Finally, this reaction can be integrated into a multiplexed bioorthogonal reaction workflow by combining it with two sequential copper-catalysed Huisgen ligation reactions. This allows for the study of multiple biomolecules in the cell simultaneously by multimodal confocal imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Bertheussen
- Department of Bio-Organic SynthesisLeiden Institute of ChemistryLeiden UniversityEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Merel van de Plassche
- Department of Bio-Organic SynthesisLeiden Institute of ChemistryLeiden UniversityEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Thomas Bakkum
- Department of Bio-Organic SynthesisLeiden Institute of ChemistryLeiden UniversityEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Berend Gagestein
- Department of Molecular PhysiologyLeiden Institute of ChemistryLeiden UniversityEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Iakovia Ttofi
- Department of Molecular PhysiologyLeiden Institute of ChemistryLeiden UniversityEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Alexi J. C. Sarris
- Department of Bio-Organic SynthesisLeiden Institute of ChemistryLeiden UniversityEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Herman S. Overkleeft
- Department of Bio-Organic SynthesisLeiden Institute of ChemistryLeiden UniversityEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Mario van der Stelt
- Department of Molecular PhysiologyLeiden Institute of ChemistryLeiden UniversityEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Sander I. van Kasteren
- Department of Bio-Organic SynthesisLeiden Institute of ChemistryLeiden UniversityEinsteinweg 552333 CCLeidenThe Netherlands
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Raeisi M, Zehtabi M, Velaei K, Fayyazpour P, Aghaei N, Mehdizadeh A. Anoikis in cancer: The role of lipid signaling. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:1717-1728. [DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mortaza Raeisi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Mojtaba Zehtabi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Kobra Velaei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Parisa Fayyazpour
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
| | - Negar Aghaei
- Department of Psycology, Faculty of Medicine Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
- Imam Sajjad Hospital Tabriz Azad University Tabriz Iran
| | - Amir Mehdizadeh
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran
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20
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Bertheussen K, van de Plassche M, Bakkum T, Gagestein B, Ttofi I, Sarris AJ, Overkleeft HS, van der Stelt M, van Kasteren SI. Live‐Cell Imaging of Sterculic Acid – a Naturally Occurring 1,2‐Cyclopropene Fatty Acid – by Bioorthogonal Reaction with Turn‐On Tetrazine‐Fluorophore Conjugates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Bertheussen
- Leiden University: Universiteit Leiden Leiden Institute of Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | | | - Thomas Bakkum
- Leiden University: Universiteit Leiden Leiden Institute of Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | - Berend Gagestein
- Leiden University: Universiteit Leiden Leiden Institute of Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | - Iakovia Ttofi
- Leiden University: Universiteit Leiden Leiden Institute of Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | - Alexi J.C. Sarris
- Leiden University: Universiteit Leiden Leiden Institute of Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | - Herman S. Overkleeft
- Leiden University: Universiteit Leiden Leiden Institute of Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | - Mario van der Stelt
- Leiden University: Universiteit Leiden Leiden Institute of Chemistry NETHERLANDS
| | - Sander Izaak van Kasteren
- Leiden University Leiden Institute of Chemistry Gorlaeus LaboratoryEinsteinweg 55 2333 CC Leiden NETHERLANDS
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Ferreri C, Sansone A, Chatgilialoglu C, Ferreri R, Amézaga J, Burgos MC, Arranz S, Tueros I. Critical Review on Fatty Acid-Based Food and Nutraceuticals as Supporting Therapy in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116030. [PMID: 35682708 PMCID: PMC9181022 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids have an important place in both biological and nutritional contexts and, from a clinical point of view, they have known consequences for diseases’ onset and development, including cancer. The use of fatty acid-based food and nutraceuticals to support cancer therapy is a multidisciplinary subject, involving molecular and clinical research. Knowledge regarding polyunsaturated fatty acids essentiality/oxidizability and the role of lipogenesis-desaturase pathways for cell growth, as well as oxidative reactivity in cancer cells, are discussed, since they can drive the choice of fatty acids using their multiple roles to support antitumoral drug activity. The central role of membrane fatty acid composition is highlighted for the application of membrane lipid therapy. As fatty acids are also known as biomarkers of cancer onset and progression, the personalization of the fatty acid-based therapy is also possible, taking into account other important factors such as formulation, bioavailability and the distribution of the supplementation. A holistic approach emerges combining nutra- and pharma-strategies in an appropriate manner, to develop further knowledge and applications in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Ferreri
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (A.S.); (C.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Sansone
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (A.S.); (C.C.)
| | - Chryssostomos Chatgilialoglu
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy; (A.S.); (C.C.)
| | - Rosaria Ferreri
- Department of Integrated Medicine, Tuscany Reference Centre for Integrated Medicine in the Hospital Pathway, Pitigliano Hospital, ASL Sudest Toscana, 58017 Pitigliano, Italy;
| | - Javier Amézaga
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (J.A.); (M.C.B.); (S.A.); (I.T.)
| | - Mercedes Caro Burgos
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (J.A.); (M.C.B.); (S.A.); (I.T.)
| | - Sara Arranz
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (J.A.); (M.C.B.); (S.A.); (I.T.)
| | - Itziar Tueros
- AZTI, Food Research, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (J.A.); (M.C.B.); (S.A.); (I.T.)
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22
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Zhu S, Zhang J, Wang W, Jiang X, Chen YQ. Blockage of NDUFB9-SCD1 pathway inhibits adipogenesis : Blockage of NDUFB9-SCD1 pathway inhibits adipogenesis. J Physiol Biochem 2022; 78:377-388. [PMID: 35122619 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-022-00876-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease with an increasing global prevalence associated with tremendous clinical, economic, and health-related quality-of-life burden. Currently, no effective pharmacological therapy is available for NAFLD. Adipogenesis process is accompanied by fat synthesis which may participate in the occurrence and development of NAFLD. Despite intensive investigations, numerous mechanistic aspects of adipogenesis remain unclear and many potential therapeutic targets are yet to be discovered.In this study, the transcriptomics and lipidomics approaches were used to explore the functional genes regulating adipogenesis and the potential mechanism in OP9 cells and adipose-derived stem cells.We find that NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit b9 (Ndufb9) is up-regulated in adipogenesis (p < 0.001), and silencing Ndufb9 (83% silencing efficiency) inhibits adipogenesis. The effect of Ndufb9 is mediated through stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (Scd1). Aramchol, a SCD1 inhibitor, significantly blocks adipogenesis (markedly TG decrease, p < 0.001).Our study broadens the understanding of the role of Ndufb9 in adipogenesis and provides a new target for the treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglong Zhu
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, China
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xuan Jiang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yong Q Chen
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China. .,Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, China. .,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
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23
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Dąbrowski G, Konopka I. Update on food sources and biological activity of odd-chain, branched and cyclic fatty acids –– A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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24
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Abstract
Obesity and associated complications are becoming a pandemic. Inhibiting adipogenesis is an important intervention for the treatment of obesity. Despite intensive investigations, numerous mechanistic aspects of adipogenesis remain unclear, and many potential therapeutic targets have yet to be discovered. Transcriptomics and lipidomics approaches were used to explore the functional genes regulating adipogenic differentiation and the potential mechanism in OP9 cells and adipose-derived stem cells. In this study, we found that NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit A6 (Ndufa6) participates in the regulation of adipogenic differentiation. Furthermore, we show that the effect of Ndufa6 is mediated through stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (Scd1) and demonstrate the inhibitory effect of a SCD1 inhibitor on adipogenesis. Our study broadens the understanding of adipogenic differentiation and offers NDUFA6-SCD1 as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Zhang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of metabolism, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ninghan Feng
- Department of metabolism, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Department of Urology, the Wuxi No. 2 People’s Hospital, Wuxi 214002, China
| | - Xuan Jiang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Shenglong Zhu
- Department of metabolism, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine ResearchCenter and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, China
| | - Yong Q Chen
- Department of metabolism, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Wuxi Translational Medicine ResearchCenter and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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25
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Metabolomics of baobab oil—Analysis and authentication of cyclopropenoid fatty acids using similarity and differential NMR spectroscopy. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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26
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Peláez R, Ochoa R, Pariente A, Villanueva-Martínez Á, Pérez-Sala Á, Larráyoz IM. Sterculic Acid Alters Adhesion Molecules Expression and Extracellular Matrix Compounds to Regulate Migration of Lung Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174370. [PMID: 34503180 PMCID: PMC8431022 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sterculic acid (SA) is a cyclopropenoid fatty acid isolated from Sterculia foetida seeds. This molecule is a well-known inhibitor of SCD1 enzyme, also known as ∆9-desaturase, which main function is related to lipid metabolism. However, recent studies have demonstrated that it also modifies many other pathways and the underlying gene expression. SCD overexpression, or up-regulated activity, has been associated with tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis in many cancer types. Scd1 down-regulation, with different inhibitors or molecular strategies, reduces tumor cell survival and cell proliferation, as well as the chemoresistance associated with cancer stem cell presence. However, SA effects over cancer cell migration and extracellular matrix or adhesion molecules have not been described in cancer cells up to now. We used different migration assays and qPCR gene expression analysis to evaluate the effects of SA treatment in cancer cells. The results reveal that SA induces tumoral cell death at high doses, but we also observed that lower SA-treatments induce cell adhesion-migration capacity reduction as a result of modifications in the expression of genes related to integrins and extracellular matrix compounds. Overall, the functional and transcriptomic findings suggest that SA could represent a new inhibitor activity of epithelial to mesenchymal transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Peláez
- Correspondence: (R.P.); (I.M.L.); Tel.: +34-941-278-770 ((ext. 84866) (R.P.) & (ext. 89878) (I.M.L.))
| | | | | | | | | | - Ignacio M. Larráyoz
- Correspondence: (R.P.); (I.M.L.); Tel.: +34-941-278-770 ((ext. 84866) (R.P.) & (ext. 89878) (I.M.L.))
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27
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Rojas MM, Villalpando DM, Alexander-Aguilera A, Ferrer M, García HS. Effect of CLA supplementation on factors related to vascular dysfunction in arteries of orchidectomized rats. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2021; 157:106586. [PMID: 34438054 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2021.106586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The vascular endothelium is a monolayer of flat epithelial cells located between the circulating blood and the underlying connective tissue. It conveys key functions that when impaired, lead to endothelial dysfunction. This condition is responsible for the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. The cardioprotective effect of sex hormones is widely known; hence, a murine orchidectomized model has been employed to study the effects caused by their deficiency. In the search for approaches to maintain vascular health, the effect of dietary fatty acids as CLA on cardiovascular diseases has been studied. Some proven beneficial properties of CLA are antioxidant, antiatherogenic and anti-inflammatory. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of a diet supplemented with 1.8 % (w/w) of CLA, administered during eight weeks, on the amount of cholesterol oxidation products (COPs) produced by orchidectomy and on factors related to vascular dysfunction in the aorta and the mesenteric arteries. The diet with CLA prevented the increase in prostanoids formation and maintained the normal physiological conditions of NO and antioxidant activity. In addition, it prevented the increase in cholesterol and COPs at the vascular wall. CLA-supplemented diet prevented the orchidectomy-induced alterations on prostanoids, NO and COPs and also improved the antioxidant activity. These findings could contribute to understand the mechanisms of actions of CLA involved in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mibsam M Rojas
- Food Research and Development Unit, National Technology of Mexico/Technological Institute of Veracruz, Ver., Mexico
| | - Diva M Villalpando
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Mercedes Ferrer
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Hugo S García
- Food Research and Development Unit, National Technology of Mexico/Technological Institute of Veracruz, Ver., Mexico.
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28
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Contreras-López EF, Cruz-Hernández CD, Cortés-Ramírez SA, Ramírez-Higuera A, Peña-Montes C, Rodríguez-Dorantes M, Oliart-Ros RM. Inhibition of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase by Sterculic Oil Reduces Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cell Lines. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:1308-1321. [PMID: 34282662 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1952442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common type of cancer affecting male population. PCa treatments have side effects and are temporarily effective, so new therapeutic options are being investigated. Due to the high demand of energy for cell proliferation, an increase in the expression and activity of lipogenic enzymes such as the stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) have been observed in PCa. Sterculic acid, contained in the seed's oil of Malvales, is a natural inhibitor of SCD. The objective of our investigation was to evaluate the effects of sterculic oil (SO) from Sterculia apetala seeds on proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis in prostate cancer cells. SO was administered to PC3 and LNCaP cells, and to prostate normal cells; cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, SCD gene and protein expression and enzymatic activity were analyzed. SO administration (4 mM sterculic acid) diminished cell viability in LNCaP and PC3 cells, arrested cell cycle in G2 and promoted apoptosis. SO diminished SCD enzymatic activity with no effects on gene nor protein expression. Our results suggest that SO might offer benefits as an adjuvant in hormonal and chemotherapy prostate cancer treatments. This is the first study to analyze the effect of SO on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Carolina Peña-Montes
- Food Research and Development Unit (UNIDA), Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico
| | | | - Rosa María Oliart-Ros
- Food Research and Development Unit (UNIDA), Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT Veracruz, Veracruz, Mexico
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29
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Kenche H, Singh M, Smith J, Shen K. Neuronal mitochondrial dysfunction in a cellular model of circadian rhythm disruption is rescued by donepezil. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 567:56-62. [PMID: 34144501 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Human circadian rhythm refers to the intrinsic ∼24-h oscillation that regulates biological processes to adapt to environments. Disruption of rhythmicity causes mitochondrial dysfunction, changes metabolism, and is associated with neurodegenerative diseases and mental disorders. By employing cellular respiration analyses and mitochondrial membrane potential characterization, we confirmed that donepezil, a sigma-1 receptor agonist, restored mitochondrial function in neuronal cells with induced-circadian rhythm disruption (CRD). This protective effect was elicited by boosting oxidative respiration and increasing mitochondrial membrane potentials. Furthermore, donepezil treatment reinstated rhythmicity of core clock genes. Our findings suggest a novel countermeasure for treating CRD-related neurodegeneration and mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshavardhan Kenche
- Department of Chemistry and Forensic Science, Savannah State University, Savannah, GA 31404, USA
| | - Meharvan Singh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Jacquez Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Forensic Science, Savannah State University, Savannah, GA 31404, USA
| | - Kai Shen
- Department of Chemistry and Forensic Science, Savannah State University, Savannah, GA 31404, USA.
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30
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Tilia sp. Seed Oil—Composition, Antioxidant Activity and Potential Use. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11114932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Research on new, untapped seed oil sources is receiving increased attention. In this study, 18 different seed samples of Tilia cordata and Tilia platyphyllos from various locations in Slovenia were collected and oil was extracted. The compositions of triglyceride fatty acids and unsaponifiable compounds were determined using GC-MS, while antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH method. The oil content in the seeds varied significantly, from 9.1% to 21.7%. Linoleic acid (50–60%) was found to be the predominant fatty acid, followed by oleic acid (18–22%) and palmitic acid (8–9%). Characteristic cyclopropene fatty acids (sterculic, dihydrosterculic and malvalic acids) were present in the average range of 4–8.4%. Antioxidant activity ranged from 8.9% to 65.5%, and was higher, on average, for T. platyphyllos. Higher antioxidant activity was closely correlated with higher γ-tocopherol contents. Statistically significant correlations were confirmed between antioxidant activity and γ-tocopherol, between Δ-tocopherol and phytol, between stigmasterol and β-sitosterol and between squalene and malvalic acid. Tilia oil may be of great interest for cosmetic and dermal preparations. It is, however, not considered a good source of dietary fatty acids due to the undesired, significant content of omega-6 fatty acids.
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31
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Ferdous Z, Fuchs S, Behrends V, Trasanidis N, Waterhouse RM, Vlachou D, Christophides GK. Anopheles coluzzii stearoyl-CoA desaturase is essential for adult female survival and reproduction upon blood feeding. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009486. [PMID: 34015060 PMCID: PMC8171932 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitellogenesis and oocyte maturation require anautogenous female Anopheles mosquitoes to obtain a bloodmeal from a vertebrate host. The bloodmeal is rich in proteins that are readily broken down into amino acids in the midgut lumen and absorbed by the midgut epithelial cells where they are converted into lipids and then transported to other tissues including ovaries. The stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) plays a pivotal role in this process by converting saturated (SFAs) to unsaturated (UFAs) fatty acids; the latter being essential for maintaining cell membrane fluidity amongst other housekeeping functions. Here, we report the functional and phenotypic characterization of SCD1 in the malaria vector mosquito Anopheles coluzzii. We show that RNA interference (RNAi) silencing of SCD1 and administration of sterculic acid (SA), a small molecule inhibitor of SCD1, significantly impact on the survival and reproduction of female mosquitoes following blood feeding. Microscopic observations reveal that the mosquito thorax is quickly filled with blood, a phenomenon likely caused by the collapse of midgut epithelial cell membranes, and that epithelial cells are depleted of lipid droplets and oocytes fail to mature. Transcriptional profiling shows that genes involved in protein, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and immunity-related genes are the most affected by SCD1 knock down (KD) in blood-fed mosquitoes. Metabolic profiling reveals that these mosquitoes exhibit increased amounts of saturated fatty acids and TCA cycle intermediates, highlighting the biochemical framework by which the SCD1 KD phenotype manifests as a result of a detrimental metabolic syndrome. Accumulation of SFAs is also the likely cause of the potent immune response observed in the absence of infection, which resembles an auto-inflammatory condition. These data provide insights into mosquito bloodmeal metabolism and lipid homeostasis and could inform efforts to develop novel interventions against mosquito-borne diseases. Female mosquitoes can become infected with malaria parasites upon ingestion of blood from an infected person and can transmit the disease when they bite another person some days later. The bloodmeal is rich in proteins which female mosquitoes use to develop their eggs after converting them first to saturated and then to unsaturated fatty acids inside their gut cells. Here, we present the characterization of the enzyme that mosquitoes use to convert saturated to unsaturated fatty acids and show that when this enzyme is eliminated or inhibited mosquitoes cannot produce eggs and die soon after they feed on blood. The mosquito death appears to be primarily associated with the collapse of their gut epithelial barrier due to the loss of cell membrane integrity, leading to their inner body cavity being filled with the ingested blood. These mosquitoes also suffer from an acute and detrimental auto-inflammatory condition due to mounting of a potent immune response in the absence of any infection. We conclude that this enzyme and the mechanism of converting blood-derived proteins to unsaturated fatty acids as a whole can be a good target of interventions aiming at limiting the mosquito abundance and blocking malaria transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zannatul Ferdous
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Silke Fuchs
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Volker Behrends
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Health Science Research Centre, University of Roehampton, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nikolaos Trasanidis
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert M. Waterhouse
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dina Vlachou
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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32
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Su Y, Yi Y, Li L, Chen C. circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network in age-related macular degeneration: From construction to identification. Exp Eye Res 2020; 203:108427. [PMID: 33383027 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) by constructing a regulatory circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. By adjusting the P value to <0.05 and the absolute log value of fold change to >0.25, 2920 and 1057 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified from GSE50195 and GSE29801, respectively. Based on a literature review, Starbase database analysis, and RNA hybrid assays, we obtained 77 miRNA-mRNA and 331 circRNA-miRNA pairs. After combining these pairs, we constructed a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network possessing 303 circRNA nodes, 4 miRNA nodes, 51 mRNA nodes, and 408 edges. By utilizing protein-protein network analysis, the MCODE algorithm, and the highest degree of circRNA node, we identified the regulatory axis of hsa_circRNA7329/hsa-miR-9/SCD. Hsa_circRNA7329 may regulate SCD through hsa-miR-9 to promote macrophage-mediated inflammation and pathologic angiogenesis, which lead to AMD development. However, the underlying details require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Su
- Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei province, 430060, PR China
| | - Yuexiong Yi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei province, 430071, PR China
| | - Lu Li
- Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei province, 430060, PR China
| | - Changzheng Chen
- Eye Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei province, 430060, PR China.
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33
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Ngo Njembe MT, Dormal E, Gardin C, Mignolet E, Debier C, Larondelle Y. Effect of the dietary combination of flaxseed and Ricinodendron heudelotii or Punica granatum seed oil on the fatty acid profile of eggs. Food Chem 2020; 344:128668. [PMID: 33267981 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The health promoting omega-3, -7, and -5 fatty acids, α-linolenic acid (ALA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), rumenic acid (RmA), and α-eleostearic acid (α-ESA)/punicic acid (PunA), are not currently combined in frequently consumed food items. We have evaluated the impact of supplementing laying hens' feeds with flaxseeds combined with oil derived from seeds of either Ricinodendron heudelotii, an α-ESA source, or Punica granatum, a PunA source, on the egg fatty acid profile. The supplemented diets increased the egg content in ALA, DHA, RmA, as well as α-ESA or PunA. The combination of dietary lipids did not affect the conversion rate of ALA into DHA. Hens fed on R. heudelotii or P. granatum seed oil both accumulated RmA in egg yolk, indicating an efficient conversion from the α-ESA or PunA precursors through a Δ-13 reductase activity. The accumulation of PunA in eggs was largely higher than that of α-ESA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Ngo Njembe
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - E Dormal
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - C Gardin
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - E Mignolet
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - C Debier
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Y Larondelle
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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34
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Lolli V, Dall’Asta M, Del Rio D, Caligiani A. Identification of Cyclopropane Fatty Acids in Human Plasma after Controlled Dietary Intake of Specific Foods. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12113347. [PMID: 33143177 PMCID: PMC7693023 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclopropane fatty acids (CPFAs) are an investigated class of secondary fatty acids of microbial origin recently identified in foods. Even though the dietary daily intake of this class of compounds it has been recently estimated as not negligible, to date, no studies specifically have investigated their presence in human plasma after consumption of CPFA-rich sources. Therefore, the aims of this study were (i) to test CPFAs concentration in human plasma, thus demonstrating their in vivo bioaccessibility and potential bioavailability, (ii) to investigate a dose-response relationship between medium term chronic intake of CPFAs-rich foods and both CPFAs and plasma total fatty acid profiles in healthy subjects. Ten healthy normal weight adults were enrolled for conducting an in vivo study. Participants were asked to follow a CPFA-controlled diet for 3 weeks, consuming 50 g of Grana Padano cheese (GP) and 250 mL of whole cow milk, which correspond to a total of 22.1 mg of CPFAs. Fasting CPFAs concentration were monitored for eight timepoints during the whole study and plasma total fatty acids composition was determined by GC-MS. CPFAs, mainly dihydrosterculic acid (DHSA), were identified in plasma total fatty acids profile at the beginning of the study and after dietary treatment. A significant (p < 0.05) increase of CPFAs mean plasma concentration (n = 10) were observed at the end of the dietary intervention. Contrarily, the total fatty acids composition of the general plasma fatty acids profile did not significantly change (p ≥ 0.05) during the dietary intervention period. This is the first investigation demonstrating that CPFAs are bioaccessible in vivo and, as expected, their plasmatic concentration may be affected by consumption of CPFAs-rich foods. This research will open the door to further detailed research, which may better elucidate the role of these compounds in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Lolli
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (V.L.); (A.C.)
| | - Margherita Dall’Asta
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy;
- School of Advanced Studies on Food and Nutrition, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Augusta Caligiani
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy; (V.L.); (A.C.)
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35
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Chen J, Li Y, Cao J, Huang J, Jiang C, Dai X, Huang G. Adiantic acid, a new unsaturated fatty acid with a cyclopropane moiety from Adiantum flabellulatum L. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:2386-2392. [PMID: 33016135 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1827405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of Adiantum flabellulatum L. led to the isolation of four natural compounds, including a novel unsaturated fatty acid with a cyclopropane moiety, i.e. (S,E)-7-(2-octylcyclopropylidene)heptanoic acid (1), together with three known compounds, isoadiantol B (2), stigmast-4-en-6β-ol-3-one (3), β-sitosterol (4). Compound 3 was isolated from the A. flabellulatum L. for the first time. The structure of 1 was elucidated following a comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic analyses including MS, 1 D and 2 D NMR, and by a mass spectrometry experiment of the dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) adduct, while the known compounds were identified by comparisons with those reported in the literature. Enzyme evaluation of 1 indicated this compound possesses anti- protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP1B) activity with an IC50 value of 6.99 ± 0.41 μM in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junping Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yichen Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianguo Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinwen Huang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Can Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiling Dai
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guozheng Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry of Arid Zone, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
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Jaladanki CK, He Y, Zhao LN, Maurer-Stroh S, Loo LH, Song H, Fan H. Virtual screening of potentially endocrine-disrupting chemicals against nuclear receptors and its application to identify PPARγ-bound fatty acids. Arch Toxicol 2020; 95:355-374. [PMID: 32909075 PMCID: PMC7811525 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02897-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear receptors (NRs) are key regulators of energy homeostasis, body development, and sexual reproduction. Xenobiotics binding to NRs may disrupt natural hormonal systems and induce undesired adverse effects in the body. However, many chemicals of concerns have limited or no experimental data on their potential or lack-of-potential endocrine-disrupting effects. Here, we propose a virtual screening method based on molecular docking for predicting potential endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that bind to NRs. For 12 NRs, we systematically analyzed how multiple crystal structures can be used to distinguish actives and inactives found in previous high-throughput experiments. Our method is based on (i) consensus docking scores from multiple structures at a single functional state (agonist-bound or antagonist-bound), (ii) multiple functional states (agonist-bound and antagonist-bound), and (iii) multiple pockets (orthosteric site and alternative sites) of these NRs. We found that the consensus enrichment from multiple structures is better than or comparable to the best enrichment from a single structure. The discriminating power of this consensus strategy was further enhanced by a chemical similarity-weighted scoring scheme, yielding better or comparable enrichment for all studied NRs. Applying this optimized method, we screened 252 fatty acids against peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and successfully identified 3 previously unknown fatty acids with Kd = 100-250 μM including two furan fatty acids: furannonanoic acid (FNA) and furanundecanoic acid (FUA), and one cyclopropane fatty acid: phytomonic acid (PTA). These results suggested that the proposed method can be used to rapidly screen and prioritize potential EDCs for further experimental evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaitanya K Jaladanki
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, Matrix No. 07-01, Singapore, 138671, Singapore
- Toxicity Mode-of-Action Discovery (ToxMAD) Platform, Innovations in Food and Chemical Safety Programme, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Yang He
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Li Na Zhao
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, Matrix No. 07-01, Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Sebastian Maurer-Stroh
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, Matrix No. 07-01, Singapore, 138671, Singapore
- Toxicity Mode-of-Action Discovery (ToxMAD) Platform, Innovations in Food and Chemical Safety Programme, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Lit-Hsin Loo
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, Matrix No. 07-01, Singapore, 138671, Singapore
- Toxicity Mode-of-Action Discovery (ToxMAD) Platform, Innovations in Food and Chemical Safety Programme, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Haiwei Song
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.
| | - Hao Fan
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 30 Biopolis Street, Matrix No. 07-01, Singapore, 138671, Singapore.
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Ferreri C, Sansone A, Ferreri R, Amézaga J, Tueros I. Fatty Acids and Membrane Lipidomics in Oncology: A Cross-Road of Nutritional, Signaling and Metabolic Pathways. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10090345. [PMID: 32854444 PMCID: PMC7570129 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10090345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids are closely involved in lipid synthesis and metabolism in cancer. Their amount and composition are dependent on dietary supply and tumor microenviroment. Research in this subject highlighted the crucial event of membrane formation, which is regulated by the fatty acids' molecular properties. The growing understanding of the pathways that create the fatty acid pool needed for cell replication is the result of lipidomics studies, also envisaging novel fatty acid biosynthesis and fatty acid-mediated signaling. Fatty acid-driven mechanisms and biological effects in cancer onset, growth and metastasis have been elucidated, recognizing the importance of polyunsaturated molecules and the balance between omega-6 and omega-3 families. Saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids are biomarkers in several types of cancer, and their characterization in cell membranes and exosomes is under development for diagnostic purposes. Desaturase enzymatic activity with unprecedented de novo polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) synthesis is considered the recent breakthrough in this scenario. Together with the link between obesity and cancer, fatty acids open interesting perspectives for biomarker discovery and nutritional strategies to control cancer, also in combination with therapies. All these subjects are described using an integrated approach taking into account biochemical, biological and analytical aspects, delineating innovations in cancer prevention, diagnostics and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Ferreri
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Anna Sansone
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Piero Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Rosaria Ferreri
- Department of Integrated Medicine, Tuscany Reference Centre for Integrated Medicine in the hospital pathway, Pitigliano Hospital, Via Nicola Ciacci, 340, 58017 Pitigliano, Italy;
| | - Javier Amézaga
- AZTI, Food and Health, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (J.A.); (I.T.)
| | - Itziar Tueros
- AZTI, Food and Health, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Astondo Bidea, Edificio 609, 48160 Derio, Spain; (J.A.); (I.T.)
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Lolli V, Toral PG, Caligiani A, Gómez-Cortés P. Determination of Cyclopropenoid Fatty Acids in Ewe Milk Fat by GC-MS after Intravenous Administration of Sterculic Acid. Foods 2020; 9:foods9070901. [PMID: 32650618 PMCID: PMC7404631 DOI: 10.3390/foods9070901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclopropenoid fatty acids (CPEFA), found in oilseeds from Malvaceae and Sterculiaceae, have been shown to interfere with the endogenous synthesis of several bioactive lipids of dairy fat, such as cis-9, trans-11 18:2 and cis-9 18:1, by inhibiting Δ9-desaturase. No previous study has reported the presence of sterculic acid in animal fat and its incorporation in tissues after its administration, due to the lack of a proper methodology. In the present research, a GC-MS method based on cold base derivatization to fatty acids methylesters was developed to determine CPEFA in ewe milk triglycerides, after infusing sterculic acid (0.5 g/day) to six lactating ewes. An alternative derivatization based on silanyzation followed by GC-MS analysis was also tested, showing its possible applicability when CPEFA are present in the form of free fatty acids. Sterculic acid was detected in ewe milk triglycerides, demonstrating its incorporation from the bloodstream into milk by the mammary gland. The mean transfer rate represented 8.0 ± 1.0% of the daily dose. This study provides, for the first time, the presence of sterculic acid in milk fat, supporting the importance of understanding its occurrence in vivo and encouraging further research to determine whether it can be present in foods, such as dairy products, obtained under practical farming conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Lolli
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0521-905407
| | - Pablo G. Toral
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña, CSIC-University of León, 24346 Grulleros, Spain;
| | - Augusta Caligiani
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy;
| | - Pilar Gómez-Cortés
- Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
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Pariente A, Pérez-Sala Á, Ochoa R, Peláez R, Larráyoz IM. Genome-Wide Transcriptomic Analysis Identifies Pathways Regulated by Sterculic Acid in Retinal Pigmented Epithelium Cells. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051187. [PMID: 32403229 PMCID: PMC7290791 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to its predominant role in lipid metabolism and body weight control, SCD1 has emerged recently as a potential new target for the treatment of various diseases. Sterculic acid (SA) is a cyclopropene fatty acid with numerous biological activities, generally attributed to its Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) inhibitory properties. Additional effects exerted by SA, independently of SCD inhibition, may be mediating anti-inflammatory and protective roles in retinal diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. In order to provide insights into those mechanisms, genome-wide transcriptomic analyses were carried out in mRPE cells exposed to SA for 24 h. Integrative functional enrichment analysis of genome-wide expression data provided biological insight about the protective mechanisms induced by SA. On the one hand, pivotal genes related to fatty acid biosynthesis, steroid biosynthesis, cell death, actin-cytoskeleton reorganization and extracellular matrix-receptor interaction were significantly downregulated by exposition to SA. On the other hand, genes related to fatty acid degradation and beta-oxidation were significantly upregulated. In conclusion, SA administration to RPE cells regulates crucial pathways related to cell proliferation, inflammation and cell death that may be of interest for the treatment of ocular diseases.
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