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Hayat AU, Ullah I, Khan H, Alam MM, Hassan AM, Khan H. Numerical analysis of radiative hybrid nanomaterials flow across a permeable curved surface with inertial and Joule heating characteristics. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21452. [PMID: 38027741 PMCID: PMC10651448 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The water-based Cu and CoFe2O4 hybrid nano liquid flow across a permeable curved sheet under the consequences of inertial and Lorentz forces has been reported in this analysis. The Joule heating and Darcy Forchheimer effects on fluid flow have been also examined. In the presence of copper (Cu) and cobalt iron oxide (CoFe2O4) nanoparticles, the hybrid nano liquid is synthesized. Radiation and heat source features are additionally incorporated to perform thermodynamics analysis in detail. The second law of thermodynamics is employed in order to estimate the overall generation of entropy. The nonlinear system of PDEs (partial differential equations) is transformed into a dimensionally-free set of ODEs (ordinary differential equations) by employing a similarity framework. The Mathematica built in package ND Solve method is applied to compute the resulting set of nonlinear differential equations numerically. Along with the velocity, and temperature profiles, skin friction and Nusselt number are also computed. Figures and tables illustrate the effects of flow factors on important profiles. Evidently, the outcomes reveal that hybrid nanofluid (Cu + CoFe2O4+H2O) is more progressive than nanofluid (Cu + H2O) and base fluid (H2O) in thermal phenomena. Furthermore, the velocity profile is improved with the greater values of curvature parameter, while the inverse trend is observed against the magnetic parameters. Also, the velocity and energy distribution of hybrid nano-liquid flow boosts with the inclusion of Cu and CoFe2O4 nanoparticles into the base fluid. Velocity distribution diminishes with the increment of volume friction. For high values of inertial factor, skin friction improve while velocity and Nusselt number declines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Ullah Hayat
- Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Ikram Ullah
- Department of Natural Sciences and Humanities, University of Engineering and Technology, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Khan
- Department of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
- Department of Mathematics, Near East University TRNC, 99138, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Mohammad Mahtab Alam
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. Hassan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Hamda Khan
- Department of Sciences & Humanities, National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
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2
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Ali U, Khan H, Bilal M, Usman M, Shuaib M, Gul T. Motile microorganisms hybrid nanoliquid flow with the influence of activation energy and heat source over a rotating disc. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:425404. [PMID: 37473745 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ace912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The present article examines the consequences of a magnetic field, Hall current, and thermal radiation on the spinning flow of hybrid nanofluid (HNF) across a revolving disc. The core objective of the study is to improve the energy transference rate through hybrid nano liquid for industrial and engineering operations. The HNFs have advanced thermophysical characteristics. Therefore, in the current study, a superior class of nanomaterials (carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and Al2O3) are added to the base fluid. The modeled equations are demoted to a dimensionless set of Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) through similarity conversion and are analytically solved by engaging the homotopy analysis method. The physical constraints' effect on energy, velocity, motile microorganism, and mass profiles have been drawn and discussed. For accuracy, the results are compared to the published studies, which ensures the accuracy and reliability of the technique and results. It is observed that the energy communication rate lessens with the flourishing values of thermal radiation and for Hall current. Furthermore, it is noted that due to its carbon-carbon bonding in CNTs, it has a greater tendency for energy propagation than Al2O3nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Ali
- Department of Mathematics, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Khan
- Department of Mathematics, Islamia College University Peshawar, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Sheikh Taimur Academic Block-II, Department of Mathematics, University of Peshawar, 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - M Usman
- Department of Mathematics, City University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
| | - M Shuaib
- Department of Mathematics, City University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
| | - Taza Gul
- Department of Mathematics, City University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
- Directorate General of Science and Technology Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
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Khan MR, Alqahtani AM, Alhazmi SE, Elkotb MA, Sidi MO, Alrihieli HF, Tag-Eldin E, Yassen MF. Numerical Investigation of Darcy-Forchheimer Hybrid Nanofluid Flow with Energy Transfer over a Spinning Fluctuating Disk under the Influence of Chemical Reaction and Heat Source. MICROMACHINES 2022; 14:mi14010048. [PMID: 36677110 PMCID: PMC9863586 DOI: 10.3390/mi14010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The present computational model is built to analyze the energy and mass transition rate through a copper and cobalt ferrite water-based hybrid nanofluid (hnf) flow caused by the fluctuating wavy spinning disk. Cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) and copper (Cu) nanoparticles (nps) are incredibly renowned in engineering and technological research due to their vast potential applications in nano/microscale structures, devices, materials, and systems related to micro- and nanotechnology. The flow mechanism has been formulated in the form of a nonlinear set of PDEs. That set of PDEs has been further reduced to the system of ODEs through resemblance replacements and computationally solved through the parametric continuation method. The outcomes are verified with the Matlab program bvp4c, for accuracy purposes. The statistical outputs and graphical evaluation of physical factors versus velocity, energy, and mass outlines are given through tables and figures. The configuration of a circulating disk affects the energy transformation and velocity distribution desirably. In comparison to a uniform interface, the uneven spinning surface augments energy communication by up to 15%. The addition of nanostructured materials (cobalt ferrite and copper) dramatically improves the solvent physiochemical characteristics. Furthermore, the upward and downward oscillation of the rotating disc also enhances the velocity and energy distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Riaz Khan
- Department of Mathematics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Correspondence:
| | - Aisha M. Alqahtani
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sharifah E. Alhazmi
- Mathematics Department, Al-Qunfudah University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Abdelghany Elkotb
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Maawiya Ould Sidi
- RT-M2A Laboratory, Mathematics Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka 42421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haifaa F. Alrihieli
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed Tag-Eldin
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Mansour F. Yassen
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Aflaj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Aflaj 11912, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta 34517, Egypt
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Haq I, Bilal M, Ahammad NA, Ghoneim ME, Ali A, Weera W. Mixed Convection Nanofluid Flow with Heat Source and Chemical Reaction over an Inclined Irregular Surface. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:30477-30485. [PMID: 36061645 PMCID: PMC9435030 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional mixed convection radiative nanofluid flow along with the non-Darcy permeable medium across a wavy inclined surface are observed in the present analysis. The transformation of the plane surface from the wavy irregular surface is executed via coordinate alteration. The fluid flow has been evaluated under the outcomes of heat source, thermal radiation, and chemical reaction rate. The nonlinear system of partial differential equations is simplified into a class of dimensionless set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) through a similarity framework, where the obtained set of ODEs are further determined by employing the computational technique parametric continuation method (PCM) via MATLAB software. The comparative assessment of the current outcomes with the earlier existing literature studies confirmed that the present findings are quite reliable, and the PCM technique is satisfactory. The effect of appropriate dimensionless flow constraints is studied versus energy, mass, and velocity profiles and listed in the form of tables and figures. It is perceived that the inclination angle and wavy surface assist to improve the flow velocity by lowering the concentration and temperature. The velocity profile enhances with the variation of the inclination angle of the wavy surface, non-Darcian term, and wavy surface term. Furthermore, the rising value of Brownian motion and thermophoresis effect diminishes the heat-transfer rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izharul Haq
- Physics
& Education at Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Dhahran 34754, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Department
of Mathematics, City University of Science
and Information Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - N. Ameer Ahammad
- Department
of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University
of Tabuk, P.O.Box741, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed E. Ghoneim
- Department
of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty
of Computers and Artificial Intelligence Damietta University, Damietta 34511, Egypt
| | - Aatif Ali
- Department
of Mathematics, Abdul Wali Khan University
Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 23200, Pakistan
| | - Wajaree Weera
- Department
of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Khon
Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
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Sohail M, Nazir U, El-Zahar ER, Alrabaiah H, Kumam P, Mousa AAA, Sitthithakerngkiet K, Park C. A study of triple-mass diffusion species and energy transfer in Carreau-Yasuda material influenced by activation energy and heat source. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10219. [PMID: 35715451 PMCID: PMC9205995 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13890-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of thermal transport can be enhanced by mixing the nanoparticles in the base liquid. This research discusses the utilization of nanoparticles (tri-hybrid) mixture into Carreau-Yasuda material. The flow is assumed to be produced due to the stretching of vertical heated surface. The phenomena of thermal transport are modeled by considering Joule heating and heat generation or absorption involvement. Additionally, activation energy is engaged to enhance heat transfer rate. The mathematical model composing transport of momentum, heat and mass species is developed in Cartesian coordinate system under boundary layer investigation in the form of coupled nonlinear partial differential equations. The complex partial differential equations are converted into coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations by using the appropriate similarity transformation. The conversion of PDEs into ODEs make the problem easy to handle and it overcome the difficulties to solve the PDEs. The transformed ordinary differential equations are solved with the help of help of finite element scheme. The obtained solution is plotted against numerous involved parameters and comparative study is established for the reliability of method and accuracy of obtained results. An enhancement in fluid temperature is recorded against magnetic parameter and Eckert number. Also, decline in velocity is recorded for Weissenberg number and concentration is controlled against higher values of Schmidt number. Furthermore, it is recommended that the finite element scheme can be implemented to handle complex coupled nonlinear differential equation arising in modeling of several phenomena occurs in mathematical physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sohail
- Department of Mathematics, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, 64200, Pakistan.
| | - Umar Nazir
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Institute of Space Technology, P.O. Box 2750, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Essam R El-Zahar
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 83, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Basic Engineering Science, Faculty of Engineering, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, 32511, Egypt
| | - Hussam Alrabaiah
- College of Engineering, Al Ain University, Al Ain, UAE
- Department of Mathematics, Tafila Technical University, Tafila, Jordan
| | - Poom Kumam
- Center of Excellence in Theoretical and Computational Science (TaCS-CoE) and KMUTT Fixed Point Research Laboratory, Room SCL 802 Fixed Point Laboratory, Science Laboratory Building, Departments of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), 126 Pracha-Uthit Road, Bang Mod, Thung Khru, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand.
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Abd Allah A Mousa
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kanokwan Sitthithakerngkiet
- Intelligent and Nonlinear Dynamic Innovations Research Center, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), 1518, Wongsawang, Bangsue, Bangkok, 10800, Thailand
| | - Choonkil Park
- Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea
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Numerical Analysis of an Unsteady, Electroviscous, Ternary Hybrid Nanofluid Flow with Chemical Reaction and Activation Energy across Parallel Plates. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13060874. [PMID: 35744488 PMCID: PMC9229604 DOI: 10.3390/mi13060874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Despite the recycling challenges in ionic fluids, they have a significant advantage over traditional solvents. Ionic liquids make it easier to separate the end product and recycle old catalysts, particularly when the reaction media is a two-phase system. In the current analysis, the properties of transient, electroviscous, ternary hybrid nanofluid flow through squeezing parallel infinite plates is reported. The ternary hybrid nanofluid is synthesized by dissolving the titanium dioxide (TiO2), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), and silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles in the carrier fluid glycol/water. The purpose of the current study is to maximize the energy and mass transfer rate for industrial and engineering applications. The phenomena of fluid flow is studied, with the additional effects of the magnetic field, heat absorption/generation, chemical reaction, and activation energy. The ternary hybrid nanofluid flow is modeled in the form of a system of partial differential equations, which are subsequently simplified to a set of ordinary differential equations through resemblance substitution. The obtained nonlinear set of dimensionless ordinary differential equations is further solved, via the parametric continuation method. For validity purposes, the outcomes are statistically compared to an existing study. The results are physically illustrated through figures and tables. It is noticed that the mass transfer rate accelerates with the rising values of Lewis number, activation energy, and chemical reaction. The velocity and energy transfer rate boost the addition of ternary NPs to the base fluid.
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Algehyne EA, Areshi M, Saeed A, Bilal M, Kumam W, Kumam P. Numerical simulation of bioconvective Darcy Forchhemier nanofluid flow with energy transition over a permeable vertical plate. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3228. [PMID: 35217768 PMCID: PMC8881599 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07254-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In biological systems, the MHD boundary layer bioconvection flow through permeable surface has several applications, including electronic gadgets, heating systems, building thermal insulation, geological systems, renewable energy, electromagnetism and nuclear waste. The bioconvection caused by the hydromagnetic flow of a special form of water-based nanoliquid including motile microorganisms and nanoparticles across a porous upright moving surface is investigated in this report. The combination of motile microbes and nanoparticles causes nanofluid bioconvection is studied under the cumulative impact of magnetic fields and buoyancy forces. The Brownian motion, thermophoresis effects, heat absorption/generation, chemical reaction and Darcy Forchhemier impact are also unified into the nonlinear model of differential equations. The modeled boundary value problem is numerically computed by employing a suitable similarity operation and the parametric continuation procedure. The parametric study of the flow physical parameters is evaluated versus the velocity, energy, volume fraction of nanoparticles, motile microorganisms’ density, skin friction, Sherwood number and Nusselt number. It has been observed that the velocity profile reduces with the effect of porosity parameter k1, inertial parameter k2, Hartmann number and buoyancy ratio. While the energy transition profile significantly enhances with the flourishing values of Eckert number Ec, heat absorption/generation Q and Hartmann number respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahem A Algehyne
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia.,Nanotechnology Research Unit (NRU), University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mounirah Areshi
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anwar Saeed
- Center of Excellence in Theoretical and Computational Science (TaCS-CoE), Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), 126 Pracha Uthit Rd., Bang Mod, Thung Khru, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Department of Mathematics, City University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan
| | - Wiyada Kumam
- Applied Mathematics for Science and Engineering Research Unit (AMSERU), Program in Applied Statistics, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Thanyaburi, Pathumthani, 12110, Thailand
| | - Poom Kumam
- Center of Excellence in Theoretical and Computational Science (TaCS-CoE), Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), 126 Pracha Uthit Rd., Bang Mod, Thung Khru, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand. .,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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Khan U, Zaib A, Waini I, Ishak A, Sherif ESM, Xia WF, Muhammad N. Impact of Smoluchowski Temperature and Maxwell Velocity Slip Conditions on Axisymmetric Rotated Flow of Hybrid Nanofluid past a Porous Moving Rotating Disk. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:276. [PMID: 35055293 PMCID: PMC8780370 DOI: 10.3390/nano12020276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal suspensions of regular fluids and nanoparticles are known as nanofluids. They have a variety of applications in the medical field, including cell separation, drug targeting, destruction of tumor tissue, and so on. On the other hand, the dispersion of multiple nanoparticles into a regular fluid is referred to as a hybrid nanofluid. It has a variety of innovative applications such as microfluidics, heat dissipation, dynamic sealing, damping, and so on. Because of these numerous applications of nanofluids in minds, therefore, the objective of the current exploration divulged the axisymmetric radiative flow and heat transfer induced by hybrid nanofluid impinging on a porous stretchable/shrinkable rotating disc. In addition, the impact of Smoluchowski temperature and Maxwell velocity slip boundary conditions are also invoked. The hybrid nanofluid was formed by mixing the copper (Cu) and alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles scattered in the regular (viscous) base fluid (H2O). Similarity variables are used to procure the similarity equations, and the numerical outcomes are achieved using bvp4c in MATLAB software. According to the findings, double solutions are feasible for stretching (λ>0) and shrinking cases (λ<0). The heat transfer rate is accelerated as the hybrid nanoparticles increases. The suction parameter enhances the friction factors as well as heat transfer rate. Moreover, the friction factor in the radial direction and heat transfer enrich for the first solution and moderate for the second outcome due to the augmentation δ1, while the trend of the friction factor in the radial direction is changed only in the case of stretching for both branches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umair Khan
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (U.K.); (A.I.)
- Department of Mathematics and Social Sciences, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur 65200, Pakistan
| | - Aurang Zaib
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science & Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal Karachi 75300, Pakistan;
| | - Iskandar Waini
- Fakulti Teknologi Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Durian Tunggal 76100, Melaka, Malaysia;
| | - Anuar Ishak
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; (U.K.); (A.I.)
| | - El-Sayed M. Sherif
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11423, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Wei-Feng Xia
- School of Engineering, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Noor Muhammad
- Abdus Salam School of Mathematical Sciences, Government College University, Lahore 54600, Pakistan;
- Department of Mathematics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA
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