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Barreto Peixoto JA, Silva JF, Oliveira MBPP, Alves RC. Sustainability issues along the coffee chain: From the field to the cup. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:287-332. [PMID: 36479852 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The coffee industry is one of the most important commercial value chains worldwide. Nonetheless, it is also associated to several social, economic, and environmental concerns that impair its sustainability. The present review is focused on these main sustainability concerns from the field to the coffee cup, as well as on the strategies that are being developed and/or implemented to attain sustainability and circular economy principles in the different chain segments. In this context, distinct approaches have been applied, such as sustainable certifications (e.g., voluntary sustainability standards), corporate sustainability initiatives, direct trade, relationship coffee concepts, geographical indication, legislations, waste management, and byproducts valorization, among others. These strategies are addressed and discussed throughout this review, as well as their recognized advantages and limitations. Overall, there is still a long way to go to attain the much-desired sustainability in the coffee chain, being essential to join the efforts of all actors and entities directly or indirectly involved, namely, producers, retailers, roasters, governments, educational institutions (such as universities and scientific research institutes), and organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana A Barreto Peixoto
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana F Silva
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - M Beatriz P P Oliveira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita C Alves
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Kim D, Ji A, Jackson AL, Brown B, Kim Y, Kim SM, Laufer C, Ferrier D, Yoo CG. Inhibition of cellulase activity by liquid hydrolysates from hydrothermally pretreated soybean straw. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.1004240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The one-pot biomass conversion process is a promising strategy to minimize potential product loss and reduce processing costs. However, this strategy has technical limitations due to the inhibitory effects of biomass components like lignin as well as the generated inhibitors (e.g., furans, phenols) during biomass processing. In this study, the inhibitory effects of liquid hydrolysates formed by hydrothermal pretreatment of soybean straw with either sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on cellulolytic enzyme activity were investigated. Hydrothermal pretreatment of soybean straw (10% w/v) was carried out with either sodium hydroxide (1% v/v) or hydrogen peroxide (1% v/v) at 121°C for 60 min to evaluate the effect of water-soluble inhibitors released from soybean pretreatment on cellulolytic enzyme activity. The fraction of cellulose in pretreated solids (1% w/v glucan) was enzymatically hydrolyzed for 72 h with 45 IU/g glucan (corresponding to 25 mg enzyme protein/g glucan) in the presence of either buffer or liquid hydrolysate generated from the pretreatments. Hydrolysis of NaOH and H2O2 pretreated solids resulted in 57% and 39% of glucose yields in buffer, respectively. In the presence of the liquid hydrolysates, NaOH and H2O2 pretreated biomass showed 20% and 30% glucose yield, respectively, indicating the enzyme suppression by inhibitors in the liquid hydrolysates. Of the enzyme activities in hydrolysates tested, NaOH hydrolysate showed a higher inhibitory effect on enzyme activities (mainly β-glucosidase) compared to H2O2 liquid, where enzyme deactivation has a first-order correlation and the manner in which the vacuum-filtered inhibitors were generated from pretreated soybean straw.
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Biomass/Biochar carbon materials for CO2 capture and sequestration by cyclic adsorption processes: A review and prospects for future directions. J CO2 UTIL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.101890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Baratsas SG, Pistikopoulos EN, Avraamidou S. A systems engineering framework for the optimization of food supply chains under circular economy considerations. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 794:148726. [PMID: 34328124 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The current linear "take-make-waste-extractive" model leads to the depletion of natural resources and environmental degradation. Circular Economy (CE) aims to address these impacts by building supply chains that are restorative, regenerative, and environmentally benign. This can be achieved through the re-utilization of products and materials, the extensive usage of renewable energy sources, and ultimately by closing any open material loops. Such a transition towards environmental, economic and social advancements requires analytical tools for quantitative evaluation of the alternative pathways. Here, we present a novel CE system engineering framework and decision-making tool for the modeling and optimization of food supply chains. First, the alternative pathways for the production of the desired product and the valorization of wastes and by-products are identified. Then, a Resource-Task-Network representation that captures all these pathways is utilized, based on which a mixed-integer linear programming model is developed. This approach allows the holistic modeling and optimization of the entire food supply chain, taking into account any of its special characteristics, potential constraints as well as different objectives. Considering that typically CE introduces multiple, often conflicting objectives, we deploy here a multi-objective optimization strategy for trade-off analysis. A representative case study for the supply chain of coffee is discussed, illustrating the steps and the applicability of the framework. Single and multi-objective optimization formulations under five different coffee-product demand scenarios are presented. The production of instant coffee as the only final product is shown to be the least energy and environmental efficient scenario. On the contrary, the production solely of whole beans sets a hypothetical upper bound on the optimal energy and environmental utilization. In both problems presented, the amount of energy generated is significant due to the utilization of waste generated for the production of excess energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos G Baratsas
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, Jack E. Brown Chemical Engineering Building, 3122 TAMU, 100 Spence St., College Station, TX 77843, United States; Texas A&M Energy Institute, Texas A&M University, 1617 Research Pkwy, College Station, TX 77843, United States.
| | - Efstratios N Pistikopoulos
- Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, Jack E. Brown Chemical Engineering Building, 3122 TAMU, 100 Spence St., College Station, TX 77843, United States; Texas A&M Energy Institute, Texas A&M University, 1617 Research Pkwy, College Station, TX 77843, United States.
| | - Styliani Avraamidou
- Texas A&M Energy Institute, Texas A&M University, 1617 Research Pkwy, College Station, TX 77843, United States.
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Boonchuay P, Techapun C, Leksawasdi N, Seesuriyachan P, Hanmoungjai P, Watanabe M, Srisupa S, Chaiyaso T. Bioethanol Production from Cellulose-Rich Corncob Residue by the Thermotolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae TC-5. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:547. [PMID: 34356926 PMCID: PMC8305858 DOI: 10.3390/jof7070547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to select thermotolerant yeast for bioethanol production from cellulose-rich corncob (CRC) residue. An effective yeast strain was identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae TC-5. Bioethanol production from CRC residue via separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF), simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), and prehydrolysis-SSF (pre-SSF) using this strain were examined at 35-42 °C compared with the use of commercial S. cerevisiae. Temperatures up to 40 °C did not affect ethanol production by TC-5. The ethanol concentration obtained via the commercial S. cerevisiae decreased with increasing temperatures. The highest bioethanol concentrations obtained via SHF, SSF, and pre-SSF at 35-40 °C of strain TC-5 were not significantly different (20.13-21.64 g/L). The SSF process, with the highest ethanol productivity (0.291 g/L/h), was chosen to study the effect of solid loading at 40 °C. A CRC level of 12.5% (w/v) via fed-batch SSF resulted in the highest ethanol concentrations of 38.23 g/L. Thereafter, bioethanol production via fed-batch SSF with 12.5% (w/v) CRC was performed in 5-L bioreactor. The maximum ethanol concentration and ethanol productivity values were 31.96 g/L and 0.222 g/L/h, respectively. The thermotolerant S. cerevisiae TC-5 is promising yeast for bioethanol production under elevated temperatures via SSF and the use of second-generation substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pinpanit Boonchuay
- Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (P.B.); (C.T.); (P.S.); (P.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Charin Techapun
- Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (P.B.); (C.T.); (P.S.); (P.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Noppol Leksawasdi
- Division of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
| | - Phisit Seesuriyachan
- Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (P.B.); (C.T.); (P.S.); (P.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Prasert Hanmoungjai
- Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (P.B.); (C.T.); (P.S.); (P.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Masanori Watanabe
- Department of Food, Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 9978555, Japan;
| | - Siraprapa Srisupa
- Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (P.B.); (C.T.); (P.S.); (P.H.); (S.S.)
| | - Thanongsak Chaiyaso
- Division of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (P.B.); (C.T.); (P.S.); (P.H.); (S.S.)
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Kim D, Yoo CG, Schwarz J, Dhekney S, Kozak R, Laufer C, Ferrier D, Mackay S, Ashcraft M, Williams R, Kim S. Effect of lignin-blocking agent on enzyme hydrolysis of acid pretreated hemp waste. RSC Adv 2021; 11:22025-22033. [PMID: 35480814 PMCID: PMC9034124 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03412j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemp wastes (stems and branches), fractionated after hemp flower extraction for the production of cannabidiol oil, were utilized as a potentially renewable resource for the sugar flatform process. Hydrolysis of cellulose from the acid pretreated hemp biomass using a commercial enzyme was tested and evaluated for its chemical composition, morphological change, and sugar recovery. Acid pretreated hemp stems and branches, containing 1% glucan (w/v) solids, were hydrolyzed for 72 h using 25 mg enzyme protein per g glucan. A 54% glucose conversion was achieved from the treated branches versus a 71% yield from the treated stems. Raw branches and stems yielded 35% and 38% glucose, respectively. Further tests with a lignin-blocking additive (e.g. bovine serum albumin) resulted in a 72% glucose yield increase for stem hydrolysis using 10 mg enzyme protein per g glucan. While pretreatment promotes amorphous hemicellulose decrease and cellulose decomposition, it causes enzyme inhibition/deactivation due to potential inhibitors (phenols and lignin-derived compounds). This study confirms the addition of non-catalytic proteins enhances the cellulose conversion by avoiding non-productive binding of enzymes to the lignin and lignin-derived molecules, with lignin content determining the degree of inhibition and conversion efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daehwan Kim
- Department of Biology, Hood College Frederick MD 21701 USA
| | - Chang Geun Yoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of New York - College of Environmental Science and Forestry Syracuse NY 13210 USA
| | - Jurgen Schwarz
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore Princess Anne MD 21853 USA
| | - Sadanand Dhekney
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Resource Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore Princess Anne MD 21853 USA
| | - Robert Kozak
- Atlantic Biomass Conversions, LLC Frederick MD 21701 USA
| | - Craig Laufer
- Department of Biology, Hood College Frederick MD 21701 USA
| | - Drew Ferrier
- Department of Biology, Hood College Frederick MD 21701 USA
| | - Skylar Mackay
- Department of Biology, Hood College Frederick MD 21701 USA
| | | | | | - Sinyeon Kim
- MtheraPharma Co., Ltd. Seoul 07793 Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Coffee pulp, mucilage, and beans with mucilage were used to develop alcoholic beverages. The pulp of 45.3% pulp, 54.7% mucilage with seed, and 9.4% mucilage only were obtained during the wet processing of coffee. Musts were prepared for all to TSS (Total soluble solid) 18 °Bx and fermentation was carried out for 12–16 days until TSS decreased to 5 °Bx at 30 °C. Phenolic characteristics, chromatic structures, chemical parameters, and sensory characteristics were analyzed for the prepared alcoholic beverages. Methanol content, ester content, aldehyde, alcohol, total acidity, caffeine, polyphenols, flavonoids, chromatic structure, and hue of the alcoholic beverage from the pulp was 335 mg/L, 70.58 ppm, 9.15 ppm, 8.86 ABV%, 0.41%, 30.94 ppm, 845.7 mg GAE/g dry extract, 440.7 mg QE/g dry extract, 0.41, and 1.71, respectively. An alcoholic beverage from the pulp was found superior to an alcoholic beverage from mucilage with beans and a beverage from mucilage in sensory analysis. There is the possibility of developing fermented alcoholic beverages from coffee pulp and mucilage. However, further research is necessary for quality of the beans that were obtained from the fermentation with the mucilage.
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Tosif MM, Najda A, Bains A, Kaushik R, Dhull SB, Chawla P, Walasek-Janusz M. A Comprehensive Review on Plant-Derived Mucilage: Characterization, Functional Properties, Applications, and Its Utilization for Nanocarrier Fabrication. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13071066. [PMID: 33800613 PMCID: PMC8037796 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Easily sourced mucus from various plant parts is an odorless, colorless and tasteless substance with emerging commercial potential in agriculture, food, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals due to its non-toxic and biodegradable properties. It has been found that plant-derived mucilage can be used as a natural thickener or emulsifier and an alternative to synthetic polymers and additives. Because it is an invisible barrier that separates the surface from the surrounding atmosphere, it is used as edible coatings to extend the shelf life of fresh vegetables and fruits as well as many food products. In addition to its functional properties, mucilage can also be used for the production of nanocarriers. In this review, we focus on mucus extraction methods and its use as a natural preservative for fresh produce. We detailed the key properties related to the extraction and preservation of food, the mechanism of the effect of mucus on the sensory properties of products, coating methods when using mucus and its recipe for preserving fruit and vegetables. Understanding the ecological, economic and scientific factors of production and the efficiency of mucus as a multi-directional agent will open up its practical application in many industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansuri M. Tosif
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India;
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-280 Lublin, Poland;
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (P.C.)
| | - Aarti Bains
- Department of Biotechnology, Chandigarh Group of Colleges Landran, Mohali, Punjab 140307, India;
| | - Ravinder Kaushik
- Department of Food Technology, School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India;
| | - Sanju Bala Dhull
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa, Haryana 125055, India;
| | - Prince Chawla
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India;
- Correspondence: (A.N.); (P.C.)
| | - Magdalena Walasek-Janusz
- Department of Vegetable Crops and Medicinal Plants, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-280 Lublin, Poland;
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Colantoni A, Paris E, Bianchini L, Ferri S, Marcantonio V, Carnevale M, Palma A, Civitarese V, Gallucci F. Spent coffee ground characterization, pelletization test and emissions assessment in the combustion process. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5119. [PMID: 33664428 PMCID: PMC7933292 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84772-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Industrial development and increased energy requirements have led to high consumption of fossil fuels. Thus, environmental pollution has become a profound problem. Every year, a large amount of agro-industrial, municipal and forest residues are treated as waste, but they can be recovered and used to produce thermal and electrical energy through biological or thermochemical conversion processes. Among the main types of agro-industrial waste, soluble coffee residues represent a significant quantity all over the world. Silver skin and spent coffee grounds (SCG) are the main residues of the coffee industry. The many organic compounds contained in coffee residues suggest that their recovery and use could be very beneficial. Indeed, thanks to their composition, they can be used in the production of biodiesel, as a source of sugar, as a precursor for the creation of active carbon or as a sorbent for the removal of metals. After a careful evaluation of the possible uses of coffee grounds, the aim of this research was to show a broad characterization of coffee waste for energy purposes through physical and chemical analyses that highlight the most significant quality indexes, the interactions between them and the quantification of their importance. Results identify important tools for the qualification and quantification of the effects of coffee waste properties on energy production processes. They show that (SCG) are an excellent raw material as biomass, with excellent values in terms of calorific value and low ash content, allowing the production of 98% coffee pellets that are highly suitable for use in thermal conversion systems. Combustion tests were also carried out in an 80kWth boiler and the resulting emissions without any type of abatement filter were characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Colantoni
- grid.12597.380000 0001 2298 9743Department of Agriculture and Forestry Science (UNITUS-DAFNE), Tuscia University, Viterbo, Italy
| | - E. Paris
- grid.423616.40000 0001 2293 6756Centro Di Ricerca Ingegneria E Trasformazioni Agroalimentari (CREA-IT), Consiglio Per La Ricerca in Agricoltura E L’analisi Dell’economia Agraria (CREA), Rome, Italy
| | - L. Bianchini
- grid.12597.380000 0001 2298 9743Department of Agriculture and Forestry Science (UNITUS-DAFNE), Tuscia University, Viterbo, Italy
| | - S. Ferri
- grid.12597.380000 0001 2298 9743Department of Agriculture and Forestry Science (UNITUS-DAFNE), Tuscia University, Viterbo, Italy
| | - V. Marcantonio
- grid.12597.380000 0001 2298 9743Department of Agriculture and Forestry Science (UNITUS-DAFNE), Tuscia University, Viterbo, Italy
| | - M. Carnevale
- grid.423616.40000 0001 2293 6756Centro Di Ricerca Ingegneria E Trasformazioni Agroalimentari (CREA-IT), Consiglio Per La Ricerca in Agricoltura E L’analisi Dell’economia Agraria (CREA), Rome, Italy
| | - A. Palma
- grid.423616.40000 0001 2293 6756Centro Di Ricerca Ingegneria E Trasformazioni Agroalimentari (CREA-IT), Consiglio Per La Ricerca in Agricoltura E L’analisi Dell’economia Agraria (CREA), Rome, Italy
| | - V. Civitarese
- grid.423616.40000 0001 2293 6756Centro Di Ricerca Ingegneria E Trasformazioni Agroalimentari (CREA-IT), Consiglio Per La Ricerca in Agricoltura E L’analisi Dell’economia Agraria (CREA), Rome, Italy
| | - F. Gallucci
- grid.423616.40000 0001 2293 6756Centro Di Ricerca Ingegneria E Trasformazioni Agroalimentari (CREA-IT), Consiglio Per La Ricerca in Agricoltura E L’analisi Dell’economia Agraria (CREA), Rome, Italy
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Hejna A. Potential applications of by-products from the coffee industry in polymer technology - Current state and perspectives. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 121:296-330. [PMID: 33406477 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Coffee is one of the most popular beverages in the world, and its popularity is continuously growing, which can be expressed by almost doubling production over the last three decades. Cultivation, processing, roasting, and brewing coffee are known for many years. These processes generate significant amounts of by-products since coffee bean stands for around 50% of the coffee cherry. Therefore, considering the current pro-ecological trends, it is essential to develop the utilization methods for the other 50% of the coffee cherry. Among the possibilities, much attention is drawn to polymer chemistry and technology. This industry branch may efficiently consume different types of lignocellulosic materials to use them as fillers for polymer composites or as intermediate sources of particular chemical compounds. Moreover, due to their chemical composition, coffee industry by-products may be used as additives modifying the oxidation resistance, antimicrobial, or antifungal properties of polymeric materials. These issues should be considered especially important in the case of biodegradable polymers, whose popularity is growing over the last years. This paper summarizes the literature reports related to the generation and composition of the coffee industry by-products, as well as the attempts of their incorporation into polymer technology. Moreover, potential directions of research based on the possibilities offered by the coffee industry by-products are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Hejna
- Department of Polymer Technology, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
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11
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Sur S, Dave V, Prakesh A, Sharma P. Expansion and scale up of technology for ethanol production based on the concept of biorefinery. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.13582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srija Sur
- Department of Pharmacy Banasthali Vidyapith Banasthali Rajasthan India
| | - Vivek Dave
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Science Central University of South Bihar Gaya India
| | - Anand Prakesh
- Department of Bio‐science and Biotechnology Banasthali Vidyapith Banasthali Rajasthan India
| | - Prashansa Sharma
- Department of Clothing & Textile, Faculty of Home Science Banasthali Vidyapith Banasthali Rajasthan India
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Alokika, Anu, Kumar A, Kumar V, Singh B. Cellulosic and hemicellulosic fractions of sugarcane bagasse: Potential, challenges and future perspective. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 169:564-582. [PMID: 33385447 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Sugarcane bagasse is a rich source of cellulose (32-45%), hemicellulose (20-32%) and lignin (17-32%), 1.0-9.0% ash and some extractives. Huge amount of the generation of sugarcane bagasse has been a great challenge to industries and environment at global level for many years. Though cellulosic and hemicellulosic fractions in bagasse makes it a potential raw substrate for the production of value-added products at large scale, the presence of lignin hampers its saccharification which further leads to low yields of the value-added products. Therefore, an appropriate pretreatment strategy is of utmost importance that effectively solubilizes the lignin that exposes cellulose and hemicellulose for enzymatic action. Pretreatment also reduces the biomass recalcitrance i.e., cellulose crystallinity, structural complexity of cell wall and lignification for its effective utilization in biorefinery. Sugarcane bagasse served as nutrient medium for the cultivation of diverse microorganisms for the production of industrially important metabolites including enzymes, reducing sugars, prebiotic, organic acids and biofuels. Sugarcane bagasse has been utilized in the generation of electricity, syngas and as biosorbant in the bioremediation of heavy metals. Furthermore, the ash generated from bagasse is an excellent source for the synthesis of high strength and light weight bricks and tiles. Present review describes the utility of sugarcane bagasse as sustainable and renewable lignocellulosic substrate for the production of industrially important multifarious value-added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alokika
- Laboratory of Bioprocess Technology, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Anu
- Laboratory of Bioprocess Technology, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Botany, Pt. N.R.S. Govt. College, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana, Jant-Pali, Mahendergarh 123031, Haryana, India
| | - Bijender Singh
- Laboratory of Bioprocess Technology, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, Haryana, India; Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Jant-Pali, Mahendergarh 123031, Haryana, India.
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13
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Modeling Dark Fermentation of Coffee Mucilage Wastes for Hydrogen Production: Artificial Neural Network Model vs. Fuzzy Logic Model. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13071663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This study presents the analysis and estimation of the hydrogen production from coffee mucilage mixed with organic wastes by dark anaerobic fermentation in a co-digestion system using an artificial neural network and fuzzy logic model. Different ratios of organic wastes (vegetal and fruit garbage) were added and combined with coffee mucilage, which led to an increase of the total hydrogen yield by providing proper sources of carbon, nitrogen, mineral, and other nutrients. A two-level factorial experiment was designed and conducted with independent variables of mucilage/organic wastes ratio, chemical oxygen demand (COD), acidification time, pH, and temperature in a 20-L bioreactor in order to demonstrate the predictive capability of two analytical modeling approaches. An artificial neural network configuration of three layers with 5-10-1 neurons was developed. The trapezoidal fuzzy functions and an inference system in the IF-THEN format were applied for the fuzzy logic model. The quality fit between experimental hydrogen productions and analytical predictions exhibited a predictive performance on the accumulative hydrogen yield with the correlation coefficient (R2) for the artificial neural network (> 0.7866) and fuzzy logic model (> 0.8485), respectively. Further tests of anaerobic dark fermentation with predefined factors at given experimental conditions showed that fuzzy logic model predictions had a higher quality of fit (R2 > 0.9508) than those from the artificial neural network model (R2 > 0.8369). The findings of this study confirm that coffee mucilage is a potential resource as the renewable energy carrier, and the fuzzy-logic-based model is able to predict hydrogen production with a satisfactory correlation coefficient, which is more sensitive than the predictive capacity of the artificial neural network model.
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Ladeira Ázar RIS, Bordignon-Junior SE, Laufer C, Specht J, Ferrier D, Kim D. Effect of Lignin Content on Cellulolytic Saccharification of Liquid Hot Water Pretreated Sugarcane Bagasse. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030623. [PMID: 32023910 PMCID: PMC7037451 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lignin contributes to the rigid structure of the plant cell wall and is partially responsible for the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic materials to enzymatic digestion. Overcoming this recalcitrance is one the most critical issues in a sugar-flat form process. This study addresses the effect of low lignin sugarcane bagasse on enzymatic hydrolysis after liquid hot water pretreatment at 190 °C and 20 min (severity factor: 3.95). The hydrolysis of bagasse from a sugarcane line selected for a relatively low lignin content, gave an 89.7% yield of cellulose conversion to glucose at 40 FPU/g glucan versus a 68.3% yield from a comparably treated bagasse from the high lignin bred line. A lower enzyme loading of 5 FPU/g glucan (equivalent to 3.2 FPU/g total solids) resulted in 31.4% and 21.9% conversion yields, respectively, for low and high lignin samples, suggesting the significance of lignin content in the saccharification process. Further increases in the enzymatic conversion of cellulose to glucose were achieved when the bagasse sample was pre-incubated with a lignin blocking agent, e.g., bovine serum albumin (50 mg BSA/g glucan) at 50 °C for 1 h prior to an actual saccharification. In this work, we have demonstrated that even relatively small differences in lignin content can result in considerably increased sugar production, which supports the dissimilarity of bagasse lignin content and its effects on cellulose digestibility. The increased glucose yields with the addition of BSA helped to decrease the inhibition of non-productive absorption of cellulose enzymes onto lignin and solid residual lignin fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela I. S. Ladeira Ázar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BIOAGRO, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-000, Brazil;
| | - Sidnei Emilio Bordignon-Junior
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Microbiology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), IBILCE, 2265 Cristóvão Colombo, São José do Rio Preto 15054-000, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | - Craig Laufer
- Department of Biology, Hood College, 401 Rosemont Avenue, Frederick, MD 21701, USA; (C.L.); (J.S.); (D.F.)
| | - Jordan Specht
- Department of Biology, Hood College, 401 Rosemont Avenue, Frederick, MD 21701, USA; (C.L.); (J.S.); (D.F.)
| | - Drew Ferrier
- Department of Biology, Hood College, 401 Rosemont Avenue, Frederick, MD 21701, USA; (C.L.); (J.S.); (D.F.)
| | - Daehwan Kim
- Department of Biology, Hood College, 401 Rosemont Avenue, Frederick, MD 21701, USA; (C.L.); (J.S.); (D.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-765-637-8603; Fax: +1-301-696-3667
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Awad D, Bohnen F, Mehlmer N, Brueck T. Multi-Factorial-Guided Media Optimization for Enhanced Biomass and Lipid Formation by the Oleaginous Yeast Cutaneotrichosporon oleaginosus. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:54. [PMID: 30984750 PMCID: PMC6448043 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The non-conventional, oleaginous yeast Cutaneotrichosporon oleaginosus is flagged as an industrial cell factory for generation of oleochemicals and biofuels due to its substrate flexibility and high triglyceride yields. In this study, we employed a computational Response Surface Methodology to guide and streamline the experimental media optimization matrix with 12 nitrogen and 10 carbon sources in order to provide for high biomass and lipid accumulation toward an industrially relevant fermentation process. The resulting data provide new insights into C. oleaginosus physiology under variable nutritional states. Accordingly, the lipid content % (lipid weight/yeast dry weight) is controlled by a defined interplay between carbon and nitrogen. In our experimental setup, the highest biomass (18.4 ± 2.20 g/L) and lipid yield (9 ± 0.34 g/L; 49.74 ± 5.16% g lipid weight/g yeast dry cell weight) were obtained with lactose and yeast extract as carbon and nitrogen sources at an elemental weight ratio of 120:1, respectively. Interestingly, with ammonium salts as a N-source, the intracellularly accumulated triglycerides increasingly contain saturated fatty acids, which provides a new route to generate tailored fatty acid profiles for specific oleochemicals or food applications. Our data indicate that a metabolic ceiling for lipid accumulation in C. oleaginosus is obtained with the correct carbon and nitrogen source mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania Awad
- Werner Siemens-Lehrstuhl für Synthetische Biotechnologie, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | | | - Norbert Mehlmer
- Werner Siemens-Lehrstuhl für Synthetische Biotechnologie, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
| | - Thomas Brueck
- Werner Siemens-Lehrstuhl für Synthetische Biotechnologie, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany
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Hydrogen Production from Coffee Mucilage in Dark Fermentation with Organic Wastes. ENERGIES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/en12010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
One of primary issues in the coffee manufacturing industry is the production of large amounts of undesirable residues, which include the pericarp (outer skin), pulp (outer mesocarp), parchment (endocarp), silver-skin (epidermis) and mucilage (inner mesocarp) that cause environmental problems due to toxic molecules contained therein. This study evaluated the optimal hydrogen production from coffee mucilage combined with organic wastes (wholesale market garbage) in a dark fermentation process. The supplementation of organic wastes offered appropriate carbon and nitrogen sources with further nutrients; it was positively effective in achieving cumulative hydrogen production. Three different ratios of coffee mucilage and organic wastes (8:2, 5:5, and 2:8) were tested in 30 L bioreactors using two-level factorial design experiments. The highest cumulative hydrogen volume of 25.9 L was gained for an 8:2 ratio (coffee mucilage: organic wastes) after 72 h, which corresponded to 1.295 L hydrogen/L substrates (0.248 mol hydrogen/mol hexose). Biochemical identification of microorganisms found that seven microorganisms were involved in the hydrogen metabolism. Further studies of anaerobic fermentative digestion with each isolated pure bacterium under similar experimental conditions reached a lower final hydrogen yield (up to 9.3 L) than the result from the non-isolated sample (25.9 L). Interestingly, however, co-cultivation of two identified microorganisms (Kocuria kristinae and Brevibacillus laterosporus), who were relatively highly associated with hydrogen production, gave a higher yield (14.7 L) than single bacterium inoculum but lower than that of the non-isolated tests. This work confirms that the re-utilization of coffee mucilage combined with organic wastes is practical for hydrogen fermentation in anaerobic conditions, and it would be influenced by the bacterial consortium involved.
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