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Li Z, Zhuang J, Chen J, Cao J, Han Q, Luo Z, Wang B, Wang H, Li A. Establishment of a gill cell line from yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus) for studying Amyloodinium ocellatum infection of fish. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2024; 47:e13923. [PMID: 38217345 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Amyloodinium ocellatum is among the most devastating protozoan parasites, causing huge economic losses in the mariculture industry. However, the pathogenesis of amyloodiniosis remains unknown, hindering the development of targeted anti-parasitic drugs. The A. ocellatum in vitro model is an indispensable tool for investigating the pathogenic mechanism of amyloodiniosis at the cellular and molecular levels. The present work developed a new cell line, ALG, from the gill of yellowfin seabream (Acanthopagrus latus). The cell line was routinely cultured at 28°C in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum (FBS). ALG cells were adherent and exhibited an epithelioid morphology; the cells were stably passed over 30 generations and successfully cryopreserved. The cell line derived from A. latus was identified based on partial sequence amplification and sequencing of cytochrome B (Cyt b). The ALG was seeded onto transwell inserts and found to be a platform for in vitro infection of A. ocellatum, with a 37.23 ± 5.75% infection rate. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that A. ocellatum parasitizes cell monolayers via rhizoids. A. ocellatum infection increased the expression of apoptosis and inflammation-related genes, including caspase 3 (Casp 3), interleukin 1 (IL-1), interleukin 10 (IL-10), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), in vivo or in vitro. These results demonstrated that the in vitro gill cell monolayer successfully recapitulated in vivo A. latus host responses to A. ocellatum infection. The ALG cell line holds great promise as a valuable tool for investigating parasite-host interactions in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Improved Variety Reproduction in Aquatic Economic Animals and Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingyu Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Improved Variety Reproduction in Aquatic Economic Animals and Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Improved Variety Reproduction in Aquatic Economic Animals and Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jizhen Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Improved Variety Reproduction in Aquatic Economic Animals and Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Improved Variety Reproduction in Aquatic Economic Animals and Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Improved Variety Reproduction in Aquatic Economic Animals and Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Baotun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Improved Variety Reproduction in Aquatic Economic Animals and Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hebing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Improved Variety Reproduction in Aquatic Economic Animals and Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Anxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Improved Variety Reproduction in Aquatic Economic Animals and Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Schull Q, Beauvieux A, Viblanc VA, Metral L, Leclerc L, Romero D, Pernet F, Quéré C, Derolez V, Munaron D, McKindsey CW, Saraux C, Bourjea J. An integrative perspective on fish health: Environmental and anthropogenic pathways affecting fish stress. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 194:115318. [PMID: 37542925 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Multifactorial studies assessing the cumulative effects of natural and anthropogenic stressors on individual stress response are crucial to understand how organisms and populations cope with environmental change. We tested direct and indirect causal pathways through which environmental stressors affect the stress response of wild gilthead seabream in Mediterranean costal lagoons using an integrative PLS-PM approach. We integrated information on 10 environmental variables and 36 physiological variables into seven latent variables reflecting lagoons features and fish health. These variables concerned fish lipid reserves, somatic structure, inorganic contaminant loads, and individual trophic and stress response levels. This modelling approach allowed explaining 30 % of the variance within these 46 variables considered. More importantly, 54 % of fish stress response was explained by the dependent lagoon features, fish age, fish diet, fish reserve, fish structure and fish contaminant load latent variables included in our model. This integrative study sheds light on how individuals deal with contrasting environments and multiple ecological pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Schull
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, Sète, France.
| | | | | | - Luisa Metral
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, Sète, France
| | - Lina Leclerc
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, Sète, France
| | - Diego Romero
- Área de Toxicología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Campus Regional de Excelencia Internacional Campus Mare Nostrum, Universidad de Murcia, Espinardo, 30071, Murcia, Spain
| | - Fabrice Pernet
- Ifremer/LEMAR UMR 6539, Technopole de Brest-Iroise, Plouzané, France
| | - Claudie Quéré
- Ifremer/LEMAR UMR 6539, Technopole de Brest-Iroise, Plouzané, France
| | | | | | | | - Claire Saraux
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, Sète, France; Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC, UMR, 7178 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jerôme Bourjea
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, Ifremer, CNRS, IRD, Sète, France
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Moreira M, Soliño L, Marques CL, Laizé V, Pousão-Ferreira P, Costa PR, Soares F. Cytotoxic and Hemolytic Activities of Extracts of the Fish Parasite Dinoflagellate Amyloodinium ocellatum. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14070467. [PMID: 35878205 PMCID: PMC9316444 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14070467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The dinoflagellate Amyloodinium ocellatum is the etiological agent of a parasitic disease named amyloodiniosis. Mortalities of diseased fish are usually attributed to anoxia, osmoregulatory impairment, or opportunistic bacterial infections. Nevertheless, the phylogenetic proximity of A. ocellatum to a group of toxin-producing dinoflagellates from Pfiesteria, Parvodinium and Paulsenella genera suggests that it may produce toxin-like compounds, adding a new dimension to the possible cause of mortalities in A. ocellatum outbreaks. To address this question, extracts prepared from different life stages of the parasite were tested in vitro for cytotoxic effects using two cell lines derived from branchial arches (ABSa15) and the caudal fin (CFSa1) of the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), and for hemolytic effects using erythrocytes purified from the blood of gilthead seabream juveniles. Cytotoxicity and a strong hemolytic effect, similar to those observed for Karlodinium toxins, were observed for the less polar extracts of the parasitic stage (trophont). A similar trend was observed for the less polar extracts of the infective stage (dinospores), although cell viability was only affected in the ABSa15 line. These results suggest that A. ocellatum produces tissue-specific toxic compounds that may have a role in the attachment of the dinospores’ and trophonts’ feeding process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcio Moreira
- S2AQUA—Collaborative Laboratory, Association for a Sustainable and Smart Aquaculture, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa s/n, 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal; (M.M.); (C.L.M.); (V.L.); (P.P.-F.); (P.R.C.)
- IPMA—Portuguese Institute for the Ocean and Atmosphere, EPPO—Aquaculture Research Station, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa s/n, 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal
- CCMAR—Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;
| | - Lucía Soliño
- CCMAR—Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;
- IPMA—Portuguese Institute for the Ocean and Atmosphere, Av. Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, n° 6, 1495-165 Algés, Portugal
| | - Cátia L. Marques
- S2AQUA—Collaborative Laboratory, Association for a Sustainable and Smart Aquaculture, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa s/n, 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal; (M.M.); (C.L.M.); (V.L.); (P.P.-F.); (P.R.C.)
- IPMA—Portuguese Institute for the Ocean and Atmosphere, EPPO—Aquaculture Research Station, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa s/n, 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal
| | - Vincent Laizé
- S2AQUA—Collaborative Laboratory, Association for a Sustainable and Smart Aquaculture, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa s/n, 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal; (M.M.); (C.L.M.); (V.L.); (P.P.-F.); (P.R.C.)
- CCMAR—Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;
| | - Pedro Pousão-Ferreira
- S2AQUA—Collaborative Laboratory, Association for a Sustainable and Smart Aquaculture, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa s/n, 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal; (M.M.); (C.L.M.); (V.L.); (P.P.-F.); (P.R.C.)
- IPMA—Portuguese Institute for the Ocean and Atmosphere, EPPO—Aquaculture Research Station, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa s/n, 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal
| | - Pedro Reis Costa
- S2AQUA—Collaborative Laboratory, Association for a Sustainable and Smart Aquaculture, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa s/n, 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal; (M.M.); (C.L.M.); (V.L.); (P.P.-F.); (P.R.C.)
- CCMAR—Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;
- IPMA—Portuguese Institute for the Ocean and Atmosphere, Av. Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, n° 6, 1495-165 Algés, Portugal
| | - Florbela Soares
- S2AQUA—Collaborative Laboratory, Association for a Sustainable and Smart Aquaculture, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa s/n, 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal; (M.M.); (C.L.M.); (V.L.); (P.P.-F.); (P.R.C.)
- IPMA—Portuguese Institute for the Ocean and Atmosphere, EPPO—Aquaculture Research Station, Av. Parque Natural da Ria Formosa s/n, 8700-194 Olhão, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
The concept of fish welfare is fairly recent and was overlooked for many years, based on a popular misconception that fish were “stupid” creatures devoid of any kind of sentience or mental capability [...]
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