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Malik S, Waheed Y. Emerging Applications of Nanotechnology in Dentistry. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:266. [PMID: 37999030 PMCID: PMC10670129 DOI: 10.3390/dj11110266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Dentistry is a branch of healthcare where nanobiotechnology is reverberating in multiple ways to produce beneficial outcomes. The purpose of this review is to bring into the awareness of the readers the various practical dimensions of the nano-dental complex (nanodentistry) in healthcare and how novelties linked with the field are revolutionizing dentistry. A methodological approach was adopted to collect the latest data on nanotechnology and dentistry from sources, including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and official websites like the WHO. Nanodentistry is an emerging field in dentistry that involves the use of nanomaterials, nanorobots, and nanotechnology to diagnose, treat, and prevent dental diseases. The results summarize the descriptive analyses of the uses of nanodentistry within orthodontics, preventive dentistry, prosthodontics, restorative dentistry, periodontics, dental surgeries, dental restoration technologies, and other areas of dentistry. The future directions of nano-industries and nano-healthcare have been included to link them with the oral healthcare sector, treatment plans, and improved medical services which could be explored in the future for advanced healthcare regulation. The major limitations to the use of dental nanoproducts are their cost-effectiveness and accessibility, especially in financially constrained countries. These data will help the readers to experience a detailed analysis and comprehensive covering of the diverse achievements of nanodentistry with past analyses, present scenarios, and future implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiza Malik
- Bridging Health Foundation, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan;
| | - Yasir Waheed
- Office of Research Innovation and Commercialization (ORIC), Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University (SZABMU), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos 1401, Lebanon
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Lazăr L, Manu DR, Dako T, Mârțu MA, Suciu M, Ormenișan A, Păcurar M, Lazăr AP. Effects of Laser Application on Alveolar Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Osteoblasts: An In Vitro Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12102358. [PMID: 36292047 PMCID: PMC9600660 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12102358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells isolated from the bone marrow have a great differentiation potential, being able to produce many cell lines, including osteoblasts. Osteoblasts have an important role in bone remodeling by actively participating in the maturation and mineralization of the extracellular matrix. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of laser application on the viability and proliferation of osteoblasts. Methods: Alveolar bone was harvested from 8 patients and placed into a culture medium to induce proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells. These were differentiated into osteoblasts in special conditions. The cells from each patient were split into two groups, one was treated using a 980 nm laser (1W output power, pulsed mode, 20 s, 50 mm distance) (laser “+”) and the other one did not receive laser stimulation (laser “-”). Results: Using the confocal microscope, we determined that the cells from the laser “+” group were more active when compared to the laser “-” group. The number of cells in the laser “+” group was significantly greater compared to the laser “-” group as the ImageJ-NIH software showed (p = 0.0072). Conclusions: Laser application increases the proliferation rate of osteoblasts and intensifies their cellular activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luminița Lazăr
- Department of Periodontology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mures, 38 Ghe. Marinescu Street, 540139 Târgu Mures, Romania
| | - Doina Ramona Manu
- Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Târgu Mures, Romania
| | - Timea Dako
- Department of Odontology and Oral Pathology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mures, 38 Ghe. Marinescu Street, 540139 Târgu Mures, Romania
- Correspondence: (T.D.); (M.-A.M.); Tel.: +40-740629857 (T.D.)
| | - Maria-Alexandra Mârțu
- Department of Periodontology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, Universitatii Street 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (T.D.); (M.-A.M.); Tel.: +40-740629857 (T.D.)
| | - Mircea Suciu
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation and Occlusology, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mures, 38 Ghe. Marinescu Street, 540139 Târgu Mures, Romania
| | - Alina Ormenișan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mures, 38 Ghe. Marinescu Street, 540139 Târgu Mures, Romania
| | - Mariana Păcurar
- Department of Orthodontics, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mures, 38 Ghe. Marinescu Street, 540139 Târgu Mures, Romania
| | - Ana-Petra Lazăr
- Institution Organizing University Doctoral Studies (I. O. S. U. D.), George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Târgu Mureş, 38 Ghe. Marinescu Street, 540139 Târgu Mures, Romania
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Yang YQ, Wu BL, Zeng JK, Jiang C, Chen M. Pulp revascularization on an adult mandibular right second premolar: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:5833-5840. [PMID: 35979092 PMCID: PMC9258393 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i17.5833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulp revascularization has become a new method for the treatment of periapical diseases in young permanent teeth in recent years. Through root canal flushing and disinfection, avoiding mechanical preparation, guiding apical stem cells into the root canal and promoting the continuous development of tooth roots, it has achieved good clinical curative effects. But in adult patients with chronic periapical periodontitis with immature roots and open apices, apical barrier technology is often used to treat these teeth.
CASE SUMMARY Pulp revascularization of a 26-year-old patient's tooth was performed using cefaclor instead of minocycline and iRoot BP instead of mineral trioxide aggregate as intracanal medication. The case was followed up for 36 mo. Observations showed evidence of regression of clinical signs and symptoms, resolution of apical periodontitis and no discolouration of affected teeth.
CONCLUSION For adult patients with chronic periapical periodontitis with immature roots and open apices, pulp revascularisation showed favourable results in treating these teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Qing Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bu-Ling Wu
- Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, Shenzhen 518118, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jun-Kai Zeng
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chong Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital; Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Stomatological Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
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Pietrzykowska E, Romelczyk-Baishya B, Chodara A, Koltsov I, Smogór H, Mizeracki J, Pakieła Z, Łojkowski W. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Inverse Nanocomposite Made from Polylactide and Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles. MATERIALS 2021; 15:ma15010184. [PMID: 35009328 PMCID: PMC8745816 DOI: 10.3390/ma15010184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites have been extensively researched for a variety of applications, including medical osteoregenerative implants. However, no satisfactory solution has yet been found for regeneration of big, and so-called critical, bone losses. The requirement is to create a resorbable material which is characterised by optimum porosity, sufficient strength, and elastic modulus matching that of the bone, thus stimulating tissue regrowth. Inverse nanocomposites, where the ceramic content is larger than the polymer content, are a recent development. Due to their high ceramic content, they may offer the required properties for bone implants, currently not met by polymer nanocomposites with a small number of nanoparticles. This paper presents inverse nanocomposites composed of bioresorbable nano crystalline hydroxyapatite (HAP NPs) and polylactide (PLLA), produced by cryomilling and a warm isostatic pressing method. The following compositions were studied: 25%, 50%, and 75% of HAP NPs by volume. The mechanical properties and structure of these composites were examined. It was discovered that 50% volume content was optimal as far as compressive strength and porosity are concerned. The inverse nanocomposite with 50% nanoceramics volume displayed a compressive strength of 99 ± 4 MPa, a contact angle of 50°, and 25% porosity, which make this material a candidate for further studies as a bioresorbable bone implant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Pietrzykowska
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland; (A.C.); (I.K.); (J.M.); (W.Ł.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-228-760
| | - Barbara Romelczyk-Baishya
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; (B.R.-B.); (Z.P.)
| | - Agnieszka Chodara
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland; (A.C.); (I.K.); (J.M.); (W.Ł.)
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; (B.R.-B.); (Z.P.)
| | - Iwona Koltsov
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland; (A.C.); (I.K.); (J.M.); (W.Ł.)
| | - Hilary Smogór
- NETZSCH Instrumenty, Halicka 9, 31-036 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Jan Mizeracki
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland; (A.C.); (I.K.); (J.M.); (W.Ł.)
| | - Zbigniew Pakieła
- Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Woloska 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland; (B.R.-B.); (Z.P.)
| | - Witold Łojkowski
- Institute of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sokolowska 29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland; (A.C.); (I.K.); (J.M.); (W.Ł.)
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Peng TY, Shih YH, Hsia SM, Wang TH, Li PJ, Lin DJ, Sun KT, Chiu KC, Shieh TM. In Vitro Assessment of the Cell Metabolic Activity, Cytotoxicity, Cell Attachment, and Inflammatory Reaction of Human Oral Fibroblasts on Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Implant-Abutment. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13172995. [PMID: 34503035 PMCID: PMC8433877 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to compare the cytotoxicity of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) with conventional dental implant–abutment materials, namely titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) and yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP), to evaluate the cell metabolic activity, cytotoxicity, and inflammation potential of human oral fibroblasts (HOF) on these materials. Disk-shaped specimens were designed and prepared via a dental computer-aided manufacturing technology system. Surface topography, roughness, and free energy were investigated by atomic force microscope and contact angle analyzer; cell metabolic activity and cytotoxicity by MTT assay; and morphological changes by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of pro-inflammatory gene expression was evaluated by RT-qPCR. The obtained data were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance and post-hoc Tukey’s honest significant difference tests. PEEK and PEKK exhibited higher submicron surface roughness (0.04 μm) and hydrophobicity (>80°) than the control. Although the cell activity of PEEK was lower than that of Ti-6Al-4V and Y-TZP for the first 24 h (p < 0.05), after 48 h there was no difference (p > 0.05). According to the cell cytotoxicity and the pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression assays, there was no difference between the materials (p > 0.05). SEM observations indicated that HOF adhered poorly to PEKK but properly to Ti-6Al-4V, Y-TZP, and PEEK. PEEK and PEKK show comparable epithelial biological responses to Ti-6Al-4V and Y-TZP as implant–abutment materials. Between the two polymeric materials, the PEEK surface, where the HOF showed better cell metabolic activity and cytotoxicity, was a more promising implant–abutment material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yu Peng
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (T.-Y.P.); (P.-J.L.); (D.-J.L.); (K.-T.S.)
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yin-Hwa Shih
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Min Hsia
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
| | - Tong-Hong Wang
- Tissue Bank, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
| | - Po-Jung Li
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (T.-Y.P.); (P.-J.L.); (D.-J.L.); (K.-T.S.)
| | - Dan-Jae Lin
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (T.-Y.P.); (P.-J.L.); (D.-J.L.); (K.-T.S.)
| | - Kuo-Ting Sun
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (T.-Y.P.); (P.-J.L.); (D.-J.L.); (K.-T.S.)
| | - Kuo-Chou Chiu
- Division of Oral Diagnosis and Family Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan; or
| | - Tzong-Ming Shieh
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (T.-Y.P.); (P.-J.L.); (D.-J.L.); (K.-T.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 2316)
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Bhavikatti SK, Karobari MI, Zainuddin SLA, Marya A, Nadaf SJ, Sawant VJ, Patil SB, Venugopal A, Messina P, Scardina GA. Investigating the Antioxidant and Cytocompatibility of Mimusops elengi Linn Extract over Human Gingival Fibroblast Cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:7162. [PMID: 34281099 PMCID: PMC8297240 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18137162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background-chlorhexidine (CHX) is most commonly used as a chemical plaque control agent. Nevertheless, its adverse effects, including teeth discoloration, taste alteration and calculus build-up, limit its use and divert us to medicinal herbs. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the phytochemical composition, antioxidant potential, and cytotoxic effects of Mimusops elengi Linn extract (ME) over normal human cultured adult gingival fibroblasts (HGFs). Methods-in vitro phytochemical screening, total flavonoid content, antioxidant potential by DPPH and Nitric Oxide (NO) radical scavenging activity, and cytotoxic effects of ME extracts over HGF were explored. The viability of HGF cells was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), neutral red uptake, and trypan blue assay after treatment with different concentrations of CHX and ME (0.3125 to 10 µg/mL). Results-ME showed some alkaloids, glycosides, saponins and flavonoids exhibited relatively moderate-to-good antioxidant potential. Increasing the concentration of CHX and ME from 0.3125 to 10 µg/mL reduced cell viability from 29.71% to 1.07% and 96.12% to 56.02%, respectively. At higher concentrations, CHX reduced the viability of cells by 52.36-fold compared to ME, revealed by MTT assay. At 10 µg/mL concentration, the mean cell viability of CHX and ME-treated cells was 2.24% and 57.45%, respectively, revealed by a neutral red assay. The viability of CHX- and ME-treated HGF cells estimated at higher concentrations (10 µg/mL) using trypan blue assay was found to be 2.18% and 47.36%, respectively. A paired t-test showed significance (p < 0.05), and one-way ANOVA difference between the mean cell viability of CHX- and ME-treated cells at different concentrations. One-way ANOVA confirmed the significant difference between the viability of CHX- and ME-treated cells. Conclusions-The cytoprotective and antioxidant effects of ME emphasize its potential benefits. Therefore, it could emerge as a herbal alternative and adjunct to conventional oral hygiene methods, that can diminish periodontal tissue destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaeesta Khaleelahmed Bhavikatti
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia; or
- Division of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohmed Isaqali Karobari
- Conservative Dentistry Unit, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia;
- Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Siti Lailatul Akmar Zainuddin
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia; or
| | - Anand Marya
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh 12211, Cambodia;
- Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India;
| | - Sameer J. Nadaf
- Sant Gajanan Maharaj College of Pharmacy, Mahagaon 416503, India;
| | - Vijay J. Sawant
- Department of Chemistry, Smt. K. W. College, Sangli 416416, India;
| | - Sandeep B. Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. Shivajirao Kadam College of Pharmacy, Kasbe digraj, Sangli 416305, India;
| | - Adith Venugopal
- Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India;
| | - Pietro Messina
- Department of Surgical Oncological and Stomatological Disciplines, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy;
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Cervino G, Oteri G, D'Amico C, Fiorillo L. Molecular features and tissue engineering techniques applied to regenerative surgery: an overview of recent data. Minerva Dent Oral Sci 2021; 70:119-127. [PMID: 34124874 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6329.21.04517-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Regenerative procedures have become common in the medical and dentistry rehabilitation fields. Often, tissue regeneration maneuvers are necessary to rehabilitate patients in a safe and predictable manner. The aim of this narrative review was to highlight the molecular implications during regenerative surgery. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION The analysis of the literature was conducted on the main scientific databases Pubmed, Scopus, MDPI. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS After a screening of 66 results only 8 were included. CONCLUSIONS Knowing these molecular features, it is possible to highlight which are the biomaterials that offer greater potential and identify the best protocols according to the surgical needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Cervino
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giacomo Oteri
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Cesare D'Amico
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luca Fiorillo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy -
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, Luigi Vanvitelli University of Campania, Naples, Italy
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Lenkowski M, Nijakowski K, Kaczmarek M, Surdacka A. The Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Technique in Periodontal Diagnostics: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2021; 10:1189. [PMID: 33809163 PMCID: PMC8000232 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10061189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The course of periodontal disease is affected by many factors; however, the most significant are the dysbiotic microflora, showing different pathogenicity levels. Rapid colonization in the subgingival environment can radically change the clinical state of the periodontium. This systematic review aims to present an innovative technique of loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid panel identification of bacteria in periodontal diseases. The decisive advantage of the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique in relation to molecular methods based on the identification of nucleic acids (such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR or qPCR) is the ability to determine more pathogens simultaneously, as well as with higher sensitivity. In comparison with classical microbiological seeding techniques, the use of the LAMP method shortens a few days waiting time to a few minutes, reducing the time necessary to identify the species and determine the number of microorganisms. The LAMP technology requires only a small hardware base; hence it is possible to use it in outpatient settings. The developed technique provides the possibility of almost immediate assessment of periodontal status and, above all, risk assessment of complications during the treatment (uncontrolled spread of inflammation), which can certainly be of key importance in clinical work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Lenkowski
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Kacper Nijakowski
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kaczmarek
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-866 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Surdacka
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
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Effect of Nano-Filled Protective Coating and Different pH Enviroment on Wear Resistance of New Glass Hybrid Restorative Material. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14040755. [PMID: 33562810 PMCID: PMC7915405 DOI: 10.3390/ma14040755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to determine the wear rate of Equia Forte HT Fil with Equia Forte Coat or without coating and compare it with Fuji IX GP high-viscosity glass ionomer cement (GIC) in conditions with acid load or at neutral pH. The samples were stored for 7 days: (1) in artificial saliva, (2) in artificial saliva and cyclically exposed to low pH, and (3) in distilled water and cyclically exposed to low pH. Wear was determined by measuring the difference in mass before and after brushing in an abrasion testing device. The wear of Fuji IX GP was significantly higher than that of Equia Forte HT Fil with or without coating (p = 0.000). The difference between Equia Forte HT Fil with and without Coat was not statistically significant (p < 0.803). The differences in wear resistance between samples stored in saliva and in distilled water were not significant (p = 0.588). Periodic exposure to the low pH solution significantly affected the wear resistance of all materials (p = 0.000). Equia Forte HT Fil was more resistant to wear than Fuji IX GP in all storage conditions. A resinous coat did not significantly increase wear resistance.
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Palma PJ, Marques JA, Casau M, Santos A, Caramelo F, Falacho RI, Santos JM. Evaluation of Root-End Preparation with Two Different Endodontic Microsurgery Ultrasonic Tips. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8100383. [PMID: 32998221 PMCID: PMC7601836 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8100383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to compare root-end preparation performed with two different ultrasonic tips-CVDentus and NSK-and respective time requirements. After root-end resection, 32 teeth were randomly divided in two groups, according to the ultrasonic tip used for root-end preparation. Preparation time was recorded. Photomicrographs were taken to assess the following parameters: root surface microcracking, marginal integrity and presence of debris. One ultrasonic tip from each group was analyzed through scanning electron microscopy before and after root-end preparation. The significance level was set at α = 0.05. Incidence of microcracks in both groups was 12.5%. Solely intracanal microcracking was found, consistently positioned within the widest side of the remaining dentine. No statistically significant differences were verified between both experimental groups regarding marginal integrity (p = 0.102) and preparation time (p = 0.780), whereas statistical differences (p = 0.003) were found concerning the presence of debris (the minimum registered score was mostly verified in CVDentus group). NSK tips showed major morphological changes, with extensive surface wear and noticeable loss of particles, which was not verified on CVDentus tips. Our findings suggest significant differences regarding root-end preparation walls quality, with CVDentus tips showing better results. Concerning microcracking, as well as preparation time and marginal integrity, both ultrasonic tips showed similar results. Qualitative analysis exposed NSK tips major morphological changes and wear after use, which was not verified on CVDentus tips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo J. Palma
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.A.M.); (J.M.S.)
- Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-239-249-151
| | - Joana A. Marques
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.A.M.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Margarida Casau
- Dentistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.C.); (A.S.)
| | - André Santos
- Dentistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.C.); (A.S.)
| | - Francisco Caramelo
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Laboratory of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics (LBIM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Rui I. Falacho
- Institute of Oral Implantology and Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - João Miguel Santos
- Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal; (J.A.M.); (J.M.S.)
- Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
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Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is needed to maintain the structural integrity of tissues and to mediate cellular dynamics. Its main components are fibrous proteins and glycosaminoglycans, which provide a suitable environment for biological functions. Thus, biomaterials with ECM-like properties have been extensively developed by modulating their key components and properties. In the field of cardiac tissue engineering, the use of biomaterials offers several advantages in that biophysical and biochemical cues can be designed to mediate cardiac cells, which is critical for maturation and regeneration. This suggests that understanding biomaterials and their use in vivo and in vitro is beneficial in terms of advancing cardiac engineering. The current review provides an overview of both natural and synthetic biomaterials and their use in cardiac engineering. In addition, we focus on different strategies to recapitulate the cardiac tissue in 2D and 3D approaches, which is an important step for the maturation of cardiac tissues toward regeneration of the adult heart.
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Effect of Nanostructured Scaffold on Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells: Outcome of In Vitro Experiments. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10091822. [PMID: 32932658 PMCID: PMC7558271 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This work is addressed to provide, by in vitro experiments, results on the repercussion that a nanostructured scaffold could have on viability, differentiation and secretion of bioactive factors of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) when used in association to promote angiogenesis, a crucial condition to favour tissue regeneration. To achieve this aim, we evaluated cell viability and morphology by MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and microscopy analysis, respectively. We also investigated the expression of some of those genes involved in angiogenesis and differentiation processes utilizing quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), whereas the amounts of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Interleukin 6 and Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4 secreted in the culture medium, were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results suggested that, in the presence of the scaffold, cell proliferation and the exocytosis of factors involved in the angiogenesis process are reduced; by contrast, the expression of those genes involved in hASC differentiation appeared enhanced. To guarantee cell survival, the construct dimensions are, generally, smaller than clinically required. Furthermore, being the paracrine event the primary mechanism exerting the beneficial effects on injured tissues, the use of conditioned culture medium instead of cells may be convenient.
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