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Zhou A, Song Y, Li X, Hu B, Chen Y, Cui P, Li J. Functional limitation and happiness among older adults: the multiple mediating role of intergenerational support and intergenerational relationship. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1249216. [PMID: 37905237 PMCID: PMC10613474 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1249216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the functional limitation and happiness among Chinese older people and examined the multiple mediating effects of intergenerational support (instrumental support and financial support) and intergenerational relationship. Method Data was drawn from the Chinese Family Panel Survey (CFPS) 2018 and 2020. Structural equation modeling was adopted to analyze the association among functional limitations, intergenerational support, intergenerational relationship, and the older adults happiness. Results There was a significant association between the functional limitations and the lower happiness levels among the older adults. The instrumental support from adult children positively mediated the relationship between the functional limitation and the happiness. However, intergenerational relationships were reduced due to the dysfunction of the older adults, and played a negatively mediated role between the functional limitation and the happiness. In addition, instrumental and financial support play chain-mediating roles between functional limitation and happiness in older adults through intergenerational relationships. Conclusion Intergenerational relationships and instrumental support enhance the happiness of older adults with functional impairments, but their role is limited by the changing structure of modern families. Long-term care programs combined with the intergenerational support from families for people with functional impairments in old age would be more effective to reduce the burden on adult children and maintain the quality of life of the older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angdi Zhou
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Huzhou Central Hospital), Huzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Song
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xinru Li
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Bingqin Hu
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yitong Chen
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Peiyao Cui
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jinghua Li
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
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Wypych-Ślusarska A, Majer N, Krupa-Kotara K, Niewiadomska E. Active and Happy? Physical Activity and Life Satisfaction among Young Educated Women. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3145. [PMID: 36833859 PMCID: PMC9963099 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity belongs to the group of health-promoting behaviors. It also affects emotional well-being, which is linked to a higher quality of life. Individuals who participate in physical activity practice regardless of age reap several positive health benefits that affect both body and mind. The aim of this study was to assess the life satisfaction of young adults in the context of physical activity undertaken. MATERIAL AND METHODS Study material was collected via anonymous questionnaire surveys among 328 young women (between the ages of 18 and 30 with secondary or higher education) in Poland. Satisfaction with life was assessed using The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Statistical calculations were performed using the STATISTICA 13.3 program, Stat Soft Poland. Interdependence of unmeasured characteristics was assessed using the X2 test. Multivariate analysis for the direct effect of physical activity on life satisfaction (LS) and the influence of frequency of physical fitness on life satisfaction was performed based on regular OLS multiple regression. RESULTS The majority of respondents (74.7%) reported engaging in physical exercise. The mean level of life satisfaction was 4.5 ± 1.1 (on a scale of 1 to 7). Multivariate analysis showed no statistically significant relationship with life satisfaction in the physically active and inactive groups. It was observed that significantly higher levels of life satisfaction were found among respondents: married 5.1 ± 1.1, median = 5.2 (4.5-5.9) compared to single 4.4 ± 1.2, median = 4.6 (3.6-5.2) and in informal relationships 4.5 ± 1.0, median = 4.4 (3.8-5.2); p = 0.02; declaring rather good 4.5 ± 1.0, median = 4.6 (3.8-5.2) or very good health 4.8 ± 1.1, median = 5.0 (4.2-5.6) compared to rather poor 4.1 ± 1.0, median = 4.1 (3.4-4.8) and poor health 3.6 ± 1.4, median = 3.1 (2.6-4.4); p = 0.0006; rating their physical condition moderately 4.7 ± 1.1, median = 4.8 (4.0-5.6) or highly 4.9 ± 1.0, median = 5.0 (4.3-5.4) compared to rating their fitness low 4.2 ± 0.9, median = 4.2 (3.6-4.8); p < 0.0001. Multivariate analyses confirmed a significant effect of marital status and subjective assessment of physical condition on the average level of life satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Physical activity does not differentiate the level of life satisfaction in the studied group of young women. Marital status and the subjective assessment of physical condition are factors that have a significant impact on the level of satisfaction with the life of young women. Given the beneficial effect of physical activity on the sense of satisfaction with life, which can lead to an increase in its quality, physical activity should be promoted, not only among children but also in the group of young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Wypych-Ślusarska
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Natalia Majer
- Student Scientific Society at the Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Karolina Krupa-Kotara
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Ewa Niewiadomska
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health Sciences in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
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Ho CC, Lee PF, Xu S, Hung CT, Su YJ, Lin CF, Wu MC, Chen YT. Associations between cigarette smoking status and health-related physical fitness performance in male Taiwanese adults. Front Public Health 2022; 10:880572. [PMID: 36062134 PMCID: PMC9433563 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.880572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The highest proportion of smoking behavior occurs in male adults in Taiwan. However, to our knowledge, no study has investigated the relationship between smoking behavior and health-related physical fitness according to education level, health status, betel nut-chewing status and obesity in male adults aged 18 years or older in Taiwan. Aims This study aimed to determine the associations between cigarette smoking and health-related physical fitness performance in male Taiwanese adults. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted on 27,908 male adults (aged 23-64 years) who participated in Taiwan's National Physical Fitness Survey 2014-2015. Data from a standardized structured questionnaire, anthropometric variables, and health-related physical fitness measurements were analyzed. Individuals were categorized as never smoking cigarettes, former smoker, and current smoker. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between cigarette smoking and health-related physical fitness performance. Results Never smoking group exhibited a lower (p < 0.05) proportion of abdominal obesity, higher (p < 0.05) proportion of perceived good health status, and greater (p < 0.05) performance in 1-min sit-up and sit-and-reach tests when compared with current smoking and former smoking group. Former smoking group had the highest (p < 0.05) performance in 3-min step test among all groups. Current smoker was significantly negatively (p < 0.05) associated with 3-min step, 1-min sit-up and sit-and-reach tests. Notably, former smoker was significantly positively (p < 0.05) associated with 3-min step and 1-min sit-up tests, but still negatively (p < 0.05) associated with sit-and-reach performance. Conclusion Current smoker was associated with an increased the risk of abdominal obesity, reduced the perceived health status and health-related physical fitness performance. Quitting smoking had beneficial effect on the perceived good health status, cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness in male Taiwanese adults, but not on flexibility performance. Further research on the ameliorate mechanism underlying this phenomenon is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chang Ho
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan,Research and Development Center for Physical Education, Health, and Information Technology, College of Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan,Sports Medicine Center, Fu Jen Catholic Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Po-Fu Lee
- Department of Leisure Industry and Health Promotion, National Ilan University, Yilan County, Taiwan
| | - Shu Xu
- Department of Gerontology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Chang-Tsen Hung
- Department of Health and Leisure Management, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Jhu Su
- Department of Gerontology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Chi-Fang Lin
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Min-Chen Wu
- Office of Physical Education, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Tsung Chen
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Yun-Tsung Chen
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Kokubun K, Nemoto K, Yamakawa Y. Brain conditions mediate the association between aging and happiness. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4290. [PMID: 35277535 PMCID: PMC8915763 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07748-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
As the population ages, the realization of a long and happy life is becoming an increasingly important issue in many societies. Therefore, it is important to clarify how happiness and the brain change with aging. In this study, which was conducted with 417 healthy adults in Japan, the analysis showed that fractional anisotropy (FA) correlated with happiness, especially in the internal capsule, corona radiata, posterior thalamic radiation, cingulum, and superior longitudinal fasciculus. According to previous neuroscience studies, these regions are involved in emotional regulation. In psychological studies, emotional regulation has been associated with improvement in happiness. Therefore, this study is the first to show that FA mediates the relationship between age and subjective happiness in a way that bridges these different fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Kokubun
- Open Innovation Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. .,Smart-Aging Research Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Kiyotaka Nemoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Yamakawa
- Open Innovation Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,ImPACT Program of Council for Science, Technology and Innovation (Cabinet Office, Government of Japan), Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan.,Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan.,Office for Academic and Industrial Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,Brain Impact, Kyoto, Japan
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Chen SC, Lin CW, Lee PF, Chen HL, Ho CC. Anthropometric Characteristics in Taiwanese Adults: Age and Gender Differences. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147712. [PMID: 34300162 PMCID: PMC8306797 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Population aging is creating critical issues in Taiwan, and adults are being forced to maintain productivity at work; in other words, they need to work longer. Therefore, their fitness and health warrant immediate attention. Although the association between health and anthropometric characteristics has been reported, few profiles on Taiwanese adults can be found. The purpose of this study was to provide a suitable reference on the anthropometric data of Taiwanese adults. We recruited 60,056 anthropometric measurements from a representative database. Significant differences were found in every measurement for each gender and age group. Statistically, our results indicated anthropometric differences in different ages. However, CVs showed that the dispersions are minor. This study presents a sufficient profile on Taiwanese adults from a representative database to practitioners and other potential users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chang Chen
- Department of Leisure Industry and Health Promotion, National Ilan University, Ilan County, Yilan City 260, Taiwan; (S.-C.C.); (P.-F.L.)
| | - Chaou-Wen Lin
- Department of Marine Leisure and Tourism, Taipei University of Marine Technology, Taipei City 111, Taiwan;
| | - Po-Fu Lee
- Department of Leisure Industry and Health Promotion, National Ilan University, Ilan County, Yilan City 260, Taiwan; (S.-C.C.); (P.-F.L.)
- Center of General Education, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Chen
- Graduate Institute of Educational Leadership and Development, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
| | - Chien-Chang Ho
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
- Office of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
- Research and Development Center for Physical Education, Health, and Information Technology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-2905-3386
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Kim SW, Park HY, Jung H, Lee J, Lim K. Estimation of Health-Related Physical Fitness Using Multiple Linear Regression in Korean Adults: National Fitness Award 2015-2019. Front Physiol 2021; 12:668055. [PMID: 34054580 PMCID: PMC8155701 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.668055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Continuous health care and the measurement of health-related physical fitness (HRPF) is necessary for prevention against chronic diseases; however, HRPF measurements including laboratory methods may not be practical for large populations owing to constraints such as time, cost, and the requirement for qualified technicians. This study aimed to develop a multiple linear regression model to estimate the HRPF of Korean adults, using easy-to-measure dependent variables, such as gender, age, body mass index, and percent body fat. The National Fitness Award datasets of South Korea were used in this analysis. The participants were aged 19-64 years, including 319,643 male and 147,600 females. HRPF included hand grip strength (HGS), flexibility (sit and reach), muscular endurance (sit-ups), and cardiorespiratory fitness (estimated VO2max ). An estimation multiple linear regression model was developed using the stepwise technique. The outlier data in the multiple regression model was identified and removed when the absolute value of the studentized residual was ≥2. In the regression model, the coefficient of determination for HGS (adjusted R 2: 0.870, P < 0.001), muscular endurance (adjusted R 2: 0.751, P < 0.001), and cardiorespiratory fitness (adjusted R 2: 0.885, P < 0.001) were significantly high. However, the coefficient of determination for flexibility was low (adjusted R 2: 0.298, P < 0.001). Our findings suggest that easy-to-measure dependent variables can predict HGS, muscular endurance, and cardiorespiratory fitness in adults. The prediction equation will allow coaches, athletes, healthcare professionals, researchers, and the general public to better estimate the expected HRPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Woo Kim
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul City, South Korea
| | - Hun-Young Park
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul City, South Korea.,Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul City, South Korea
| | - Hoeryong Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul City, South Korea
| | - Jinkue Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul City, South Korea
| | - Kiwon Lim
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul City, South Korea.,Department of Sports Medicine and Science, Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul City, South Korea.,Department of Physical Education, Konkuk University, Seoul City, South Korea
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Gu M, Liu CC, Hsu CC, Lu CJ, Lee TS, Chen M, Ho CC. Associations of sleep duration with physical fitness performance and self-perception of health: a cross-sectional study of Taiwanese adults aged 23-45. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:594. [PMID: 33765974 PMCID: PMC7993502 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10636-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between sleep duration and physical fitness is one aspect of sleep health. Potential factors associated with sleep duration interfere with physical fitness performance, but the impact trends on physical fitness indicators remain unclear. Methods This study examined associations between sleep duration and physical fitness among young to middle-aged adults in Taiwan. A total of 42,781 Taiwanese adults aged 23–45 participated in the National Physical Fitness Examination Survey 2013 (NPFES-2013) in Taiwan between October 2013 and March 2014. A standardized structural questionnaire was used to record participants’ sleep duration, which was stratified as short (< 6 h/day (h/d)), moderate (6–7 h/d; 7–8 h/d; 8-9 h), and long (≥ 9 h/d) sleep duration groups. Physical fitness was assessed based on four components: body composition (body mass index [BMI], waist-to-height ratio [WHtR], and waist-to-hip ratio [WHR]), muscle strength and endurance (1-min bent-leg sit-up test [BS]), flexibility (sit-and-reach test [SR]), and cardiorespiratory endurance index (3-min step test [CEI]). Results By using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), after sex grouping and age adjustment, we observed that sleep duration was significantly associated with obesity, functional fitness, and self-perception of health. The sleep duration for low obesity-related values (BMI, WHtR, and WHR) for men was 7–9 h/d, and that for women was 7–8 h/d. Sleeping more than 8 h/d showed poor functional fitness performances (BS and SR). For both sexes, sleep duration of 8–9 h/d was the optimal sleep duration for self-perceptions of health. Conclusions Our research found that there were wide and different associations of sleep duration with physical fitness and self-perception of health among Taiwanese adults aged 23–45, and there were differences in these associated manifestations between men and women. This study could be of great importance in regional public health management in Taiwan, and provide inspirations for clinical research on physical fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Gu
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chen Liu
- Department of Physical Education, National Taichung University of Education, No.140, Minsheng Rd., West Dist., Taichung City, 40306, Taiwan (R.O.C.). .,Department of Physical Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei City, 10610, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Chieh Hsu
- Department of Aquatic Sports, University of Taipei, Taipei City, 11153, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Jie Lu
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan.,Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan.,Department of Information Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242304, Taiwan
| | - Tian-Shyug Lee
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan.,Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan
| | - Mingchih Chen
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan.,Artificial Intelligence Development Center, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Ho
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan.,Research and Development Center for Physical Education, Health, and Information Technology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan.,Office of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 24205, Taiwan
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Ho CC, Lee PF, Chen HL, Tseng CY, Hsieh XY, Chiu CH. Poor health-related physical fitness performance increases the overweight and obesity risk in older adults from Taiwan. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:170. [PMID: 33750323 PMCID: PMC7941954 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02112-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of the present study was to investigate the associations between health-related physical fitness performance and overweight/obesity risk among Taiwanese healthy older adults. Methods A secondary dataset from the nationwide survey was applied in this study. Data from a total of 21,630 respondents aged 65–96 years were collected in this study. Demographic characteristics, life habits, perceived health status, anthropometric assessments, and health-related physical fitness measurements from this dataset were analyzed using the chi-square test, one-way analysis of variance, and logistic regression analysis. Results The results indicated that overweight and obesity significantly associated with health-related physical fitness performance in the Taiwanese older adult population. In particular, the upper extremity muscular endurance scores of older adults with poor activity and physical fitness scores revealed obesity as a critical indicator of health-related physical fitness performance. Conclusions Future studies can use muscle quality or body fat classification to predict obesity in older adults, which could more precisely portray the relationship between obesity and health-related physical fitness performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chang Ho
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan.,Research and Development Center for Physical Education, Health, and Information Technology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan
| | - Po-Fu Lee
- Research and Development Center for Physical Education, Health, and Information Technology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan.,Office of Physical Education Affairs, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Chen
- Graduate Institute of Educational Leadership and Development, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Tseng
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan.,Research and Development Center for Physical Education, Health, and Information Technology, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan
| | - Xin-Yu Hsieh
- Department of Physical Education, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan.,Office of Physical Education Affairs, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hui Chiu
- Department of Exercise Health Science, National Taiwan University of Sport, Taichung City, Taiwan.
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The Associations between Functional Fitness Test Performance and Abdominal Obesity in Healthy Elderly People: Results from the National Physical Fitness Examination Survey in Taiwan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 18:ijerph18010264. [PMID: 33396485 PMCID: PMC7796088 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The relationships between different functional fitness performance and abdominal obesity among the elderly have not been widely discussed in the literature. The present study aimed to investigate the associations between functional fitness test performance and abdominal obesity in Taiwanese elderly people. A total of 22,399 items of data from the National Physical Fitness Survey Databases in Taiwan (NPFSD 2014-15) were reviewed and analyzed. The quartiles of functional fitness test results were identified as the dependent variable in the multiple linear regression analysis to examine the association between functional fitness and abdominal obesity status. The results showed that body balance (odds ratios (ORs) listed from 1.18 to 2.29, p < 0.05) and flexibility (ORs listed from 1.23 to 2.16, p < 0.05) were critically associated with abdominal obesity. However, measurements related to muscle strength revealed the limited effect sizes for abdominal obesity. From a disability prevention perspective, the development of muscle strength in the elderly should be emphasized and encouraged to maintain their daily capabilities instead of satisfaction with a lean body.
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Chen PH, Chen W, Wang CW, Yang HF, Huang WT, Huang HC, Chou CY. Association of Physical Fitness Performance Tests and Anthropometric Indices in Taiwanese Adults. Front Physiol 2020; 11:583692. [PMID: 33329032 PMCID: PMC7718011 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.583692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The association between physical fitness performance tests and anthropometric indices is not clear. The study aims to explore the association between physical fitness performance and anthropometric indices in Taiwanese community-dwelling adults. This may help in monitoring anthropometric indices to improve physical fitness. Methods We recruited 2216 participants aged 23–64 years between 2014 and 2017. Physical fitness performance, including abdominal muscular endurance (60-s sit-up test), flexibility (sit-and-reach test), and cardiorespiratory endurance (3-min step test), was evaluated in all participants. The association of the physical fitness performance and anthropometric indices, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), was analyzed using linear regression, with adjustments for age and gender. Results Body mass index was negatively associated with abdominal muscular endurance (p < 0.001) and cardiorespiratory endurance (p < 0.001). Neither BMI, WC, WHR, nor WHtR were significantly associated with flexibility. Abdominal muscle endurance, flexibility, and cardiorespiratory endurance were significantly lower in obese participants when obesity was defined using a BMI of ≥27, 30, and 35 kg/m2. Participants with central obesity that was defined as WC ≥ 90 cm in men and 80 cm in women and WHtR ≥ 0.6 had lower abdominal muscular endurance than those without central obesity. Conclusion Body mass index is associated with abdominal muscular endurance and cardiorespiratory endurance in a reverse J-shaped manner. None of the anthropometric indices are significantly associated with flexibility. Obesity defined by BMI is linked to worse physical fitness performance and obesity defined using WHtR is linked to lower abdominal muscular endurance in Taiwanese community-dwelling adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Hung Chen
- Division of Occupational Therapy, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Community Health, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wei Wang
- Department of Community Health, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Fei Yang
- Department of Community Health, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ting Huang
- Clinical Medicine Research Center, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chen Huang
- Department of Community Health, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan.,Department of Rehabilitation, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chiayi Christian Hospital, Chiayi City, Taiwan
| | - Che-Yi Chou
- Division of Nephrology, Asia University Hospital, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Post-baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, Asia University, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan.,Kidney Institute and Division of Nephrology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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