1
|
Kiran A, Shah NA, Khan SM, Ahmed H, Kamran M, Yousafzai BK, Ahmad Z, Yoo S, Han H, Alasqah I, Raposo A. Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding the relationship of obesity with diabetes among the general community of Pakistan. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29081. [PMID: 38644838 PMCID: PMC11033058 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This study sought to evaluate the influence of knowledge, attitude, and practices assessment on diabetes related to obesity in Pakistani society. Data was collected both through door to door and online survey approaches from 518 participants by using a pre-validated questionnaire. A total of 15.6% were underweight, 61.2% were normal weight, 17.2% were overweight and 5.8% were in obesity class I and 2.9% were classified as obesity class II. The co-occurrence of obesity and diabetes was 29% (n = 22) among diabetic individuals (n = 84). A majority of the residents (59.1%) were from cities. While 94% of the participants responded to what obesity was, 83.8% knew what diabetes was. Fast food, soft drinks, and mayonnaise were deemed to be healthy by 75.1% of the respondents. Obesity was viewed as a disease by 94.8%, a major health issue by 78.2%, and a weight-loss necessity by 44.6% of participants. Only 24.9% exercised every day, and 23.9% engaged in any physical activity daily. The majority of respondents (50.6%) never tried to lose weight and 23.2% ate junk food daily. The sociodemographic variables showed that the age ranges of 25-34 years (P < 0.001; OR 0.531), 45-54 years (P < 0.05; OR 0.527), and urban residency (P < 0.001; OR 0.128) had a significant association with knowledge. The factors of urban residency (P < 0.001; OR 3.996), being unmarried (P < 0.001; OR 1.95), and having an income of 51,000-70,000 (P < 0.001; OR 11.29) showed a very highly significant association with a good attitude regarding the relationship of obesity with diabetes (P < 0.05). Similarly, practices of the participants showed significant association with BMI range of 18.5-24.9 and 25-29.9 (P < 0.001). Our study revealed significant knowledge and understanding of the relationship between obesity with diabetes. However, it was observed that majority of respondents exhibited fundamental knowledge regarding obesity and diabetes, there was a notable absence of understanding regarding crucial elements, such as the significance of maintaining a healthy body weight, participating in physical activity, and implementing appropriate dietary strategies for weight control. We recognize the necessity for education initiatives and strongly encourage them to assist individuals in managing diabetes resulting from obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arooj Kiran
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Naseer Ali Shah
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shujaul Mulk Khan
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan
- Pakistan Academy of Sciences Islamabad, Pakistan
- International Society of Ethnobiology, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Haroon Ahmed
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Zeeshan Ahmad
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sunghoon Yoo
- Hanmoo Convention (Oakwood Premier), 49, Teheran-ro 87-gil, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06164, South Korea
| | - Heesup Han
- College of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Gwanjin-Gu, Seoul 143-747, South Korea
| | - Ibrahim Alasqah
- Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, P.O. Box 6666, Saudi Arabia
- School of Health, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, 2351, Australia
| | - António Raposo
- CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024, Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Innuan P, Sirikul C, Anukul N, Rolin G, Dechsupa N, Kantapan J. Identifying transcriptomic profiles of iron-quercetin complex treated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy volunteers and diabetic patients. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9441. [PMID: 38658734 PMCID: PMC11043337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60197-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Peripheral blood is an alternative source of stem/progenitor cells for regenerative medicine owing to its ease of retrieval and blood bank storage. Previous in vitro studies indicated that the conditioned medium derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) treated with the iron-quercetin complex (IronQ) contains potent angiogenesis and wound-healing properties. This study aims to unveil the intricate regulatory mechanisms governing the effects of IronQ on the transcriptome profiles of human PBMCs from healthy volunteers and those with diabetes mellitus (DM) using RNA sequencing analysis. Our findings revealed 3741 and 2204 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) when treating healthy and DM PBMCs with IronQ, respectively. Functional enrichment analyses underscored the biological processes shared by the DEGs in both conditions, including inflammatory responses, cell migration, cellular stress responses, and angiogenesis. A comprehensive exploration of these molecular alterations exposed a network of 20 hub genes essential in response to stimuli, cell migration, immune processes, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. The activation of these pathways enabled PBMCs to potentiate angiogenesis and tissue repair. Corroborating this, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and cell phenotyping confirmed the upregulation of candidate genes associated with anti-inflammatory, pro-angiogenesis, and tissue repair processes in IronQ-treated PBMCs. In summary, combining IronQ and PBMCs brings about substantial shifts in gene expression profiles and activates pathways that are crucial for tissue repair and immune response, which is promising for the enhancement of the therapeutic potential of PBMCs, especially in diabetic wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phattarawadee Innuan
- Molecular Imaging and Therapy Research Unit, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Chonticha Sirikul
- Division of Transfusion Science, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nampeung Anukul
- Division of Transfusion Science, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Gwenaël Rolin
- INSERM CIC-1431, CHU Besançon, 25000, Besançon, France
| | - Nathupakorn Dechsupa
- Molecular Imaging and Therapy Research Unit, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Jiraporn Kantapan
- Molecular Imaging and Therapy Research Unit, Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mondal T, Loffredo CA, Simhadri J, Nunlee-Bland G, Korba B, Johnson J, Cotin S, Moses G, Quartey R, Howell CD, Noreen Z, Arif M, Ghosh S. Insights on the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes as revealed by signature genomic classifiers in an African American population in the Washington, DC area. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2023; 39:e3589. [PMID: 36331813 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AIMS African Americans (AA) in the United States have a high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and suffer from disparities in the prevalence, mortality, and comorbidities of the disease compared to other Americans. The present study aimed to shed light on the molecular mechanisms of disease pathogenesis of T2DM among AA in the Washington, DC region. METHODS We performed TaqMan Low Density Arrays (TLDA) on 24 genes of interest that belong to three categories: metabolic disease and disorders, cancer-related genes, and neurobehavioural disorders genes. The 18 genes, viz. ARNT, CYP2D6, IL6, INSR, RRAD, SLC2A2 (metabolic disease and disorders), APC, BCL2, CSNK1D, MYC, SOD2, TP53 (Cancer-related), APBA1, APBB2, APOC1, APOE, GSK3B, and NAE1 (neurobehavioural disorders), were differentially expressed in T2DM participants compared to controls. RESULTS Our results suggest that factors including gender, smoking habits, and the severity or lack of control of T2DM (as indicated by HbA1c levels) were significantly associated with differential gene expression. APBA1 was significantly (p-value <0.05) downregulated in all diabetes participants. Upregulation of APOE and CYP2D6 genes and downregulation of the INSR gene were observed in the majority of diabetes patients. CONCLUSIONS Tobacco smoking and gender were significantly associated with case-control differences in expression of the APBA1 and APOE genes (connected with Alzheimer's disease) and the INSR and CYP2D6 (associated with metabolic disorders). The results highlight the need for more effective management of T2DM and for tobacco smoking cessation interventions in this community, and further research on the associations of T2DM with other disease processes, including cancer and neurobehavioral pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Mondal
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Jyothirmai Simhadri
- Departments of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Gail Nunlee-Bland
- Departments of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Brent Korba
- Depaertment of Microbiology & Immunology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Sharleine Cotin
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Gemeyel Moses
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ruth Quartey
- Viral Hepatitis Center, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Charles D Howell
- Viral Hepatitis Center, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Zarish Noreen
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Maria Arif
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Somiranjan Ghosh
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
- Departments of Pediatrics and Child Health, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Elfaki I, Mir R, J Tayeb F, Barnawi J, Alalawy AI, Mirghani H, Alshammari SE, Dabla PK. Pharmacogenetics of CYP2C19*17: Functional and Clinical Implications of CYP2C19*17 - rs12248560 (c.-806C>T) in the Development of Type 2 Diabetes. BIOMEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 15:1897-1904. [DOI: 10.13005/bpj/2528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing worldwide including Saudi Arabia. DM increases mortality rate, morbidity and vascular complications, accompanied by poor general health status and low quality of life. CYP2C19*17 polymorphism in CYP2C19 gene is associated with the clinical outcome of drugs that are substrates of CYP2C19. CYP2C19*17 confers reduced susceptibility to certain illnesses. This research was conducted to develop a robust method to genotype the rs12248560 single nucleotide variation (SNV). We enrolled 206 subjects: 100 subjects were clinically confirmed cases of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and 106 subjects were healthy controls in this study. Samples from all subjects were screened for the CYP2C19 rs12248560 (c.-806C>T) by the amplification-refractory mutation system PCR (ARMS-PCR). The frequencies of CYP2C19*17 TT, CT, CC genotypes in T2D cases were 12%, 21%, and 67%, respectively whereas those in healthy controls were 70.75%, 26.41%, and 2.83%, respectively. The difference was significant (p < 0.035). T allele (fT) prevalence was found to be substantially greater in T2D cases compared to healthy controls (0.22 vs. 0.16). Results indicated that the CYP2C19*17 - TT genotype is associated with increased susceptibility to T2D with OR = 4.47, RR = 2.64, (p < 0.024). Moreover, the ARMS-based assay proved to be an easy method for the determination of CYP2C19*17 genotypes with reduced cost and good accuracy. In addition, this result helps in the detection and stratification of the individuals who are at risk for the development of T2D. Nevertheless, this finding needs to be validated in molecular genetic studies with increased specimen size and in different ethnicities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imadeldin Elfaki
- 1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashid Mir
- 2Prince and Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Faris J Tayeb
- 2Prince and Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jameel Barnawi
- 2Prince and Fahd Bin Sultan Research Chair, Department of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Ibrahim Alalawy
- 1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hyder Mirghani
- 3Internal Medicine and Endocrine, Medical Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanad E Alshammari
- 4Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Hail University, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pradeep Kumar Dabla
- 5 Department of Biochemistry, G.B.Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (GIPMER),Associated Maulana Azad Medical College, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Overview of Transcriptomic Research on Type 2 Diabetes: Challenges and Perspectives. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071176. [PMID: 35885959 PMCID: PMC9319211 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a common chronic disease whose etiology is known to have a strong genetic component. Standard genetic approaches, although allowing for the detection of a number of gene variants associated with the disease as well as differentially expressed genes, cannot fully explain the hereditary factor in T2D. The explosive growth in the genomic sequencing technologies over the last decades provided an exceptional impetus for transcriptomic studies and new approaches to gene expression measurement, such as RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and single-cell technologies. The transcriptomic analysis has the potential to find new biomarkers to identify risk groups for developing T2D and its microvascular and macrovascular complications, which will significantly affect the strategies for early diagnosis, treatment, and preventing the development of complications. In this article, we focused on transcriptomic studies conducted using expression arrays, RNA-seq, and single-cell sequencing to highlight recent findings related to T2D and challenges associated with transcriptome experiments.
Collapse
|