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Macila E, Dogan E, Sancar N. Investigating Correlation between Exercise Participation Motivation and Social Physique Anxiety and Their Differences across Exercise Stages of Change. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:239. [PMID: 39330716 PMCID: PMC11436123 DOI: 10.3390/sports12090239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the correlation between exercise participation motivation and social physique anxiety and their differences across the exercise stages of change in individuals. A convenience sampling technique was used to gather data from 374 sedentary individuals aged 18 and over, using a questionnaire that included the Behavioral Regulations in Exercise Questionnaire-2 (BREQ-2), Social Physique Anxiety (SPA) scale, and Exercise Stages of Change Questionnaire (ESOCQ). Welch's ANOVA test was utilized to examine if there were significant differences between the average levels of behavioral regulations in exercise and SPA within exercise stages of change, respectively. Based on Welch's ANOVA results, it has been found that there are significant differences in the total score of SPAS according to exercise stages of change (F = 15.801, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the sub-factors intrinsic regulation, introjected regulation, and external motivation statistically significantly differ according to exercise stages of change (F=6.681, p < 0.001 for IR; F=30.186,p < 0.001 for introjected regulation; F=10.104, p < 0.001 for external motivation, F=0.481,p = 0.750 for AM). Pearson's r correlation coefficients were also computed to determine the relationship between behavioral regulations in exercise and SPA. A significant negative moderate correlation was found between intrinsic regulation and SPA (r = -0.645, p < 0.001). Furthermore, a significant medium positive correlation was found between introjected regulation and SPA (r = 0.534, p < 0.001), external motivation and SPA (r = 0.588, p < 0.001), and amotivation and SPA (r = 0.564, p < 0.001). The findings suggest that being self-motivated for exercise might decrease SPA. On the other hand, exercise motivated by external pressures could lead to increased SPA. The findings also suggest that those who started exercising with intrinsic motivation reached more advanced stages of exercise than those who started exercising with extrinsic factors. Finally, extrinsic motives may help in the first stages of the exercise, but intrinsic motives are required to continue the exercise. Consequently, these findings may guide physical activity specialists, trainers, etc., to develop more effective strategies to motivate exercise participation by considering social physique anxiety among individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdal Macila
- Physical Education and Sports Department, Girne American University, North Cyprus via Mersin 10, 99320 Kyrenia, Turkey
| | - Erman Dogan
- Physical Education and Sports Department, Girne American University, North Cyprus via Mersin 10, 99320 Kyrenia, Turkey
| | - Nuriye Sancar
- Department of Mathematics, Near East University, North Cyprus via Mersin 10, 99138 Nicosia, Turkey
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Ahmed MD, Al Salim ZA. Provision of Quality Physical Education to enhance the motive of Physical Activity and its underlying Behavior among university students. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25152. [PMID: 38327484 PMCID: PMC10847599 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity (PA) plays a crucial role in promoting good health and an active lifestyle among university students. Quality Physical Education (QPE) program is instrumental in achieving sustainability in PA. Motivation is a key factor in encouraging PA in students. However, motivation alone may not lead to inclusivity unless quality components are thoughtfully integrated into physical education (PE) programs. Aims This study aimed to address three research questions: i) Can the motivation for PA participation be enhanced through the provision of high-quality PE programs in university settings? ii) Does the quality provision of PE contribute to promoting sustainable PA among adolescents? and iii) Is this carry-over process influenced by gender? Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled N = 610 university students, comprising 467 males and 143 females. Only students who had PE as a part of their coursework were included. These students participated in more than 27 different sports and had an average age of 20.76 years (SD = 3.47) and an average of 4.70 years (SD = 4.93) of athletic experience. To achieve the study's objectives, descriptive statistics (mean, SD), Pearson's correlation, and regression analysis were employed. Additionally, a 2 (Gender) by 2 (Type of Sport: Individual vs. Team) MANCOVA, with age as a covariate, was used to assess gender-based differences in the variables. Results The study found that the factors demonstrated strong reliability and positive correlations between QPE and exercise needs satisfaction. However, these factors did not establish significant correlations with PA. Perceived competence for exercise needs satisfaction showed gender differences, with males scoring higher. Additionally, QPE did not exhibit significant gender-based differences. In terms of PA, males had higher mean scores compared to females. Conclusion The provision of QPE was identified as a crucial determinant of exercise satisfaction competence among students. While QPE provision was adequate at the university level, it did not promote PA among females as anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Dilsad Ahmed
- College of Sciences and Human Studies, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Prince Mohammed Bin Fahd University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuhair A. Al Salim
- Sport Science and Physical Activity Department, University of Hafr Al Batin, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Furtado GE, Reis ASLDS, Braga-Pereira R, Caldo-Silva A, Teques P, Sampaio AR, dos Santos CAF, Bachi ALL, Campos F, Borges GF, Brito-Costa S. Impact of Exercise Interventions on Sustained Brain Health Outcomes in Frail Older Individuals: A Comprehensive Review of Systematic Reviews. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:3160. [PMID: 38132050 PMCID: PMC10742503 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11243160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Several systematic review studies highlight exercise's positive impact on brain health outcomes for frail individuals. This study adopts a Comprehensive Review of reviews (CRs) approach to amalgamate data from existing reviews, focusing on exercise's influence on brain health outcomes in older frail and pre-frail adults. The methodology involves a thorough search of Portuguese, Spanish, and English-indexed databases (i.e., Ebsco Health, Scielo, ERIC, LILACS, Medline, Web of Science, SportDiscus) from 1990 to 2022, with the AMSTAR-2 tool assessing evidence robustness. The search terms "physical exercise", "elderly frail", and "systematic review" were employed. Results: Out of 12 systematically reviewed studies, four presented high-quality (with metanalyses), while eight exhibit critically low quality. Positive trends emerge in specific cognitive and neuromotor aspects, yet challenges persist in psychosocial domains, complex cognitive tasks, and ADL outcomes. This study yields reasonable and promising evidence regarding exercise's influence on quality of life and depression in frail older individuals. However, the impact on biochemical markers remains inconclusive, emphasizing the need for standardized methodologies. Conclusions: The findings highlight the importance of acknowledging methodological nuances for clinicians and policymakers when translating these results into impactful interventions for aging populations. This emphasizes the necessity for a comprehensive and customized approach to exercise interventions aimed at fostering the sustainability of overall well-being in older individuals, aligning with United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Eustáquio Furtado
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Applied Research Institute, Rua da Misericórdia, Lagar dos Cortiços-S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Research Centre for Natural Resources Environment and Society (CERNAS), Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Anne Sulivan Lopes da Silva Reis
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, University of Southwest Bahia and the State University of Santa Cruz (PPGEF/UESB/UESC), Ilhéus 45650-000, Brazil;
| | - Ricardo Braga-Pereira
- N2i, Research Centre of the Polytechnic Institute of Maia, 4475-690 Maia, Portugal; (R.B.-P.); (P.T.); (A.R.S.)
| | - Adriana Caldo-Silva
- Research Centre for Sport and Physical Activity, CIDAF, Faculty of Sport Science and Physical Education, 3040-248 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Pedro Teques
- N2i, Research Centre of the Polytechnic Institute of Maia, 4475-690 Maia, Portugal; (R.B.-P.); (P.T.); (A.R.S.)
- CIPER, Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance, 1499-002 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - António Rodrigues Sampaio
- N2i, Research Centre of the Polytechnic Institute of Maia, 4475-690 Maia, Portugal; (R.B.-P.); (P.T.); (A.R.S.)
| | - Carlos André Freitas dos Santos
- Discipline of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04020-050, Brazil;
- Postgraduate Program in Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil
| | - André Luís Lacerda Bachi
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo 04829-300, Brazil
| | - Francisco Campos
- Coimbra Education School, Polytechnic of Coimbra, 3045-043 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Grasiely Faccin Borges
- Center for Public Policies and Social Technologies, Federal University of Southern Bahia, Praça José Bastos, s/n, Centro, Itabuna 45600-923, Brazil;
| | - Sónia Brito-Costa
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Applied Research Institute, Rua da Misericórdia, Lagar dos Cortiços-S. Martinho do Bispo, 3045-093 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Research Group in Social and Human Sciences (NICSH), Coimbra Education School, Polytechnic of Coimbra, 3045-043 Coimbra, Portugal
- Human Potential Development Center (CDPH), Polytechnic of Coimbra, 3030-329 Coimbra, Portugal
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Calcific aortic valve disease: mechanisms, prevention and treatment. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023:10.1038/s41569-023-00845-7. [PMID: 36829083 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00845-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most common disorder affecting heart valves and is characterized by thickening, fibrosis and mineralization of the aortic valve leaflets. Analyses of surgically explanted aortic valve leaflets have shown that dystrophic mineralization and osteogenic transition of valve interstitial cells co-occur with neovascularization, microhaemorrhage and abnormal production of extracellular matrix. Age and congenital bicuspid aortic valve morphology are important and unalterable risk factors for CAVD, whereas additional risk is conferred by elevated blood pressure and plasma lipoprotein(a) levels and the presence of obesity and diabetes mellitus, which are modifiable factors. Genetic and molecular studies have identified that the NOTCH, WNT-β-catenin and myocardin signalling pathways are involved in the control and commitment of valvular cells to a fibrocalcific lineage. Complex interactions between valve endothelial and interstitial cells and immune cells promote the remodelling of aortic valve leaflets and the development of CAVD. Although no medical therapy is effective for reducing or preventing the progression of CAVD, studies have started to identify actionable targets.
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Stangierska D, Kowalczuk I, Juszczak-Szelągowska K, Widera K, Ferenc W. Urban Environment, Green Urban Areas, and Life Quality of Citizens-The Case of Warsaw. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10943. [PMID: 36078659 PMCID: PMC9518520 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The increased migration of people from rural areas to cities has prompted researchers to take an interest in the problem of the quality of life (QOL) of the urban population in different contexts. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the level of satisfaction of Warsaw residents with urban infrastructure (SUI) and their QOL, the impact of the SUI on the perception of a neighborhood as an ideal place to live and the relationship between the amount of green areas and and the SUI of Warsaw residents and their QOL. The quantitative survey was conducted using the CAWI method on a sample of 381 adults. The WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was used to measure QOL, the scale used in earlier surveys was used to assess SUI, areas of of Warsaw with different amounts of green space were distinguished using cluster analysis. The study showed a relationship between the SUI declared by residents and their QOL, mainly in the environmental domain. The discriminant analysis showed that satisfaction with greenery is one of the most important determinants of the subjective perception of a neighborhood as an ideal place to live. There was no direct effect of the amount of green areas in objective terms on the QOL of Warsawians, but a relationship was noted between the amount of green areas and SUI, with the highest level of satisfaction noted for the Green-balanced Cluster, characterized by the most favorable combination of quality and utility of urban area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmara Stangierska
- Department of Pomology and Horticulture Economics, Institute of Horticulture Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Kowalczuk
- Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ksenia Juszczak-Szelągowska
- Department of Pomology and Horticulture Economics, Institute of Horticulture Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Widera
- Department of Economics, Finance, Regional and International Research, Faculty of Economics and Management, Opole University of Technology, Prószkowska 76, 45-758 Opole, Poland
| | - Weronika Ferenc
- Department of Pomology and Horticulture Economics, Institute of Horticulture Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Economics, Finance, Regional and International Research, Faculty of Economics and Management, Opole University of Technology, Prószkowska 76, 45-758 Opole, Poland
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Physical Activity Pattern Characterized by Domains and Dimensions of the Roma Population in Comparison with That of the General Population in Northeast Hungary. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063545. [PMID: 35329230 PMCID: PMC8948787 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Our study focuses on examining physical activity, as one of the most influential health determinants by domains and dimensions among Roma, the largest vulnerable ethnic minority in Europe. The study was carried out on a sample representative of the Hungarian Roma (HR) population (n = 350) living in segregated colonies in Northeast Hungary in comparison with the Hungarian general (HG) population sample (n = 343) from the same region. Data were collected using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) long-form and physical activity was quantified as MET-min/week. Scores were calculated for walking, moderate and vigorous-intensity activities for each domain (work, transport, domestic and gardening, leisure) and as an overall total. The HR population—similarly to the HG—is characterized by moderate or high physical activity; however, this level is achieved by work and housework/gardening instead of leisure time activities, which is worryingly low among HR females, but its prevalence is significantly (p < 0.001) lower in both sexes than among the HG population in the vigorous activity category. HR men move (walk and cycle) significantly more during transport than HG men. Our results may direct the attention of decision-makers to improve the health of Roma by increasing leisure-time physical activity.
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Environmental Knowledge of Participants’ Outdoor and Indoor Physical Education Lessons as an Example of Implementing Sustainable Development Strategies. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14010544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of physical activity outdoors in nature as part of physical education in schools on the level of knowledge and ecological attitudes. (2) Material and methods: A total of 220 students took part in the study, with 103 of them in the treatment group, which usually practiced outdoor physical education classes, and 117 in the control group, which practiced mainly indoor. The project lasted 21 months, covering the last two years of primary school. The authors used the Children’s Environmental Attitude and Knowledge Scale CHEAKS in this study. The authors sought for an answer to the question of whether bringing a young person closer to nature by participating in a greater number of outdoor physical education lessons results in in-depth environmental knowledge. (3) Results: The appearance of seven statistically significant differences in ecological knowledge in the final study in favor of the group having outdoor physical education lessons proves the cognitively and visually stimulating role of a natural environment for physically active people. The location of physical education lessons turned out to be a much stronger condition for in-depth knowledge than gender, place of residence, parents’ education level, and subjective assessment of the financial satisfaction level. (4) Conclusion: These results are an incentive to further developing the young generation’s contact with nature through outdoor physical education lessons.
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Ratajczak J, Czerniak U, Wieliński D, Ciekot-Sołtysiak M, Zieliński J, Gronek P, Demuth A. Pro-Healthy Diet Properties and Its Determinants among Aging Masters Athletes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:7614. [PMID: 34300064 PMCID: PMC8304838 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Qualitative dietary assessments are not common in aging athletes. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate diet quality and its determinants among aging masters athletes. Eighty-six participants of the 8th World Masters Indoor Athletics Championships were enrolled in the study (age range 36-65 years). Three subgroups were distinguished to represent countries with different eating habits. Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance. Eating habits and diet quality were assessed using the Dietary Habits and Nutrition Beliefs Questionnaire (KomPAN®, Warszawa, Poland), and the Pro-healthy Diet Index (pHDI-10). Dietary quality determinants were identified by a multiple regression model conducted for each subgroup separately (Great Britain, France, and Poland). The results showed that none of the subgroups adhered to the reference intake of products with beneficial health outcomes. This was particularly noticeable in the insufficient consumption of whole grain products, dairy, and fish. The fish and vegetables consumption frequency significantly differentiated the eating habits of the studied groups. Diet quality determinants varied depending on the group. However, in each of them, fruit consumption was one of the components of a good-quality diet. The obtained results can be used by institutions providing health education among the elderly to develop an appropriate strategy aimed at changing inappropriate eating habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Ratajczak
- Department of Anthropology and Biometry, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland; (U.C.); (D.W.); (A.D.)
| | - Urszula Czerniak
- Department of Anthropology and Biometry, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland; (U.C.); (D.W.); (A.D.)
| | - Dariusz Wieliński
- Department of Anthropology and Biometry, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland; (U.C.); (D.W.); (A.D.)
| | - Monika Ciekot-Sołtysiak
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland; (M.C.-S.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jacek Zieliński
- Department of Athletics, Strength and Conditioning, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland; (M.C.-S.); (J.Z.)
| | - Piotr Gronek
- Department of Dance, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Anna Demuth
- Department of Anthropology and Biometry, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznań, Poland; (U.C.); (D.W.); (A.D.)
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The Impact of an 8-Weeks At-Home Physical Activity Plan on Academic Achievement at the Time of COVID-19 Lock-Down in Italian School. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13115812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this randomized controlled study was to investigate the efficacy of an 8-week exercise programme conducted in e-learning mode on high school students’ academic performance. The aim was to examine the changes in physical fitness and learning outcomes during the enforced period of lockdown caused by outbreak of the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic and the closure of schools in Italy. Thirty high-school students (14–15 years) were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 15) that performed an at-home workout programme (~60 min., twice a week), or a control group (n = 15) who received only a regular programme of theoretical lessons where no practice takes place. Both groups were synchronized in real-time with the physical education teacher. In order to assess students’ starting level and significant changes reached, at baseline and after training, a battery of standardized assessment motor tests (Standing long jump test, Harvard step test, sit and reach test, and butt kicks test), and an academic achievement test (Amos 8–15) were administered. In comparison to the control group at baseline and the end of the programme, the experimental group reported considerable improvements in motivation and concentration, significant anxiety reduction, and an increase in capacity to organize studying and to be more flexible. Moreover, it was possible to observe the efficacy of the workout to improve learning ability among practicing students (p < 0.001). No significant changes were found in the control group. The results suggest that a school-based exercise programme conducted online could be a powerful approach in order to achieve the best academic outcomes and for improving students’ physical fitness as well as their cognitive health.
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