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Xie HY, Chen JL, Xia CQ, Zhang N, Xia ZX, Zhao HY, Huang YH. Association of oral frailty and gait characteristics in patients with cerebral small vessel disease. BMC Neurol 2024; 24:336. [PMID: 39256704 PMCID: PMC11386381 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-024-03848-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objectives of this study were twofold: (1) to compare gait characteristics between cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) patients with low-risk oral frailty (OF) and high-risk OF, particularly during dual-task walking (DTW); (2) to investigate the association of OF, the gait characteristics of DTW, and falls among older adults patients with CSVD. METHODS A total of 126 hospitalized patients diagnosed with CSVD were recruited and classified into a low-risk group (n = 90) and a high-risk group (n = 36) based on OF status in our study. Comprehensive data pertaining to basic parameters (cadence, as well as stride time, velocity and length), variability, asymmetry, and coordination were gathered during both single-task walking (STW) and DTW. Additionally, the number of falls was calculated. Subsequently, t-test or chi-squared test was used for comparison between the two groups. Furthermore, linear regression analysis was employed to elucidate the association of the OF index-8 score and gait parameters during cognitive DTW. Also, logistic regression models were utilized to assess the independent association of OF risk and falls. RESULTS During cognitive DTW, the high-risk group demonstrated inferior performance in terms of basic parameters (p < 0.01), coefficient of variation (CV) of velocity and stride length (p < 0.05), as well as phase coordination index (PCI) when compared with the low-risk group (p < 0.05). Notably, differences in basic gait parameters were observed in cognitive DTW and STW conditions between the two groups (p < 0.01). However, only the high-risk group evinced significant variations in CV and PCI during cognitive DTW, as opposed to those during STW (p < 0.05). Furthermore, our findings also revealed the association of OF, the gait characteristics of cognitive DTW, (p < 0.01) and falls (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION CSVD patients with a high risk of OF need to pay more attention to their gait variability or coordination. Also, they are recommended to undergo training involving dual-task activities while walking in daily life, thereby reducing the deterioration and mitigating the risk of falls. Besides, this study has confirmed an association of OF and DTW gait as well as falls in patients with CSVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yang Xie
- Department of Neurology, The Seven Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Dongsi Shitiao, Dongcheng District, Nanmencang, Beijing, 100007, China
| | - Jun-Li Chen
- Department of Hematology, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Cui-Qiao Xia
- Department of Neurology, The Seven Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Dongsi Shitiao, Dongcheng District, Nanmencang, Beijing, 100007, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Seven Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Dongsi Shitiao, Dongcheng District, Nanmencang, Beijing, 100007, China
| | - Zhen-Xi Xia
- Department of Neurology, The Seven Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Dongsi Shitiao, Dongcheng District, Nanmencang, Beijing, 100007, China
| | - Hong-Yi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Seven Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Dongsi Shitiao, Dongcheng District, Nanmencang, Beijing, 100007, China
- Department of Neurology, Number 984 Hospital of the PLA, Haidian District, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Yong-Hua Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Seven Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Dongsi Shitiao, Dongcheng District, Nanmencang, Beijing, 100007, China.
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Wang GM, Xing XY, Xia ZH, Yu WJ, Ren H, Teng MY, Cui XS. Current situation and influencing fctors of oral frailty for community-dwelling older adults in the northeastern border areas of China: A cross-sectional study. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 60:177-185. [PMID: 39260067 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Unique lifestyle and cultural factors in China may lead to distinct patterns of risk factors for oral frailty among older adults, especially in regions inhabited by northeastern border minority groups. METHODS From July to November 2023, a convenience sampling method was employed to select older adults from three communities in Yanji City as the subjects. Data were collected by a set of questionnaires. RESULTS A total of 478 older adults were included, revealing a prevalence rate of 71.6 % for oral frailty. Factors influencing were found to include age, ethnicity, gender, income, number of chronic diseases, body mass index, drinking, physical frailty, sleep disorders, and attitudes towards aging (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS There is a higher prevalence of oral frailty. It is crucial to prioritize the oral health issues of older adults with high-risk factors and implement targeted intervention measures to reduce and control the occurrence and progression of oral frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Meng Wang
- School of Nursing, Yanbian University, 977 Park Road, Yanji City, 133000 Yanbian Prefecture, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Xin-Yang Xing
- School of Nursing, Yanbian University, 977 Park Road, Yanji City, 133000 Yanbian Prefecture, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Zi-Han Xia
- Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit, The People's Hospital of Yubei District of Chongqing, China
| | - Wen-Jing Yu
- School of Nursing, Yanbian University, 977 Park Road, Yanji City, 133000 Yanbian Prefecture, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Hui Ren
- School of Nursing, Yanbian University, 977 Park Road, Yanji City, 133000 Yanbian Prefecture, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Meng-Yuan Teng
- School of Nursing, Yanbian University, 977 Park Road, Yanji City, 133000 Yanbian Prefecture, Jilin Province, PR China
| | - Xiang-Shu Cui
- School of Nursing, Yanbian University, 977 Park Road, Yanji City, 133000 Yanbian Prefecture, Jilin Province, PR China.
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Yang C, Gao Y, An R, Lan Y, Yang Y, Wan Q. Oral frailty: A concept analysis. J Adv Nurs 2024; 80:3134-3145. [PMID: 38214108 DOI: 10.1111/jan.16042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
AIM To clarify the concept of oral frailty to provide a clear and standardized conceptual basis for further research in older people. DESIGN Rodgers and Knafl's evolutionary concept analysis approach. METHODS The narrative analysis detailedly extracted and synthesized the attributes of oral frailty, as well as its antecedents, consequences and related terms under the guidance of Rodgers' evolutionary method. DATA SOURCES Multiple databases including Pubmed, CINAHL and Cochrane were searched using selected search terms 'oral frail*', 'oral health' and 'aged' respectively. Articles written between 2013 and 2023 were included, and grey literature was excluded. RESULTS A total of 32 articles were included for further analysis and synthesis. The attributes of oral frailty were hypofunction, predisposing in nature, non-specific and multidimensional. Antecedents of prefrailty were classified into four categories, namely, sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidity, physical function and psychosocial factors. Consequences of oral frailty include three themes: increased risk of adverse outcomes, poor nutritional status and possibility of social withdrawal. Related terms that had shared attributes with oral frailty were oral health, functional dentition, oral hypofunction and deterioration of oral function. CONCLUSIONS Oral frailty is an age-related phenomenon reflected in decreased oral function. The findings of this concept analysis are conducive to understanding and clarifying the oral frailty, which can help clinicians or other healthcare providers to consider how to distinguish oral frailty in older adults and further promote the development of this field. IMPACT Oral frailty is increasingly recognized as an age-related phenomenon reflected in decreased oral function. As it is newly proposed, no consensus has been reached regarding the theoretical and operational concept of it. Through clarifying the concept, this paper will guide future healthcare research on oral frailty regarding the influencing factors, mechanisms and interventions, thus raising the awareness with regard to oral health among older adults. WHAT DOES THIS PAPER CONTRIBUTE TO THE WIDER GLOBAL CLINICAL COMMUNITY?: In the context of older adults, oral frailty is a concept that requires further research to guide future theoretical development, and the influencing factors, mechanisms and interventions need to be further studied. Raise awareness with regard to oral health among older people and more attention will be paid to the early identification and intervention of oral frailty, so as to further improve the quality of life of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfengyi Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yajing Gao
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ran An
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Lan
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoqin Wan
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Yanagida R, Tohara H, Wakabayashi H, Kinoshita S, Sakai K, Isowa T, Nakagawa K, Yamaguchi K, Yoshimi K, Momosaki R. Time spent away from bed is associated with oral hygiene and oral function: A cross-sectional and multi-institutional study. J Oral Rehabil 2024. [PMID: 39007255 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spending time away from bed is important in older adults. Not doing so can lead to functional decline rapidly. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between oral function and time spent away from bed in older adults living in nursing homes. METHODS We enrolled 748 adults aged ≥65 years across eight nursing homes between April 2022 and March 2023. 'Problems with oral hygiene' and 'problems with oral function' were the dependent variables in the multiple regression analyses to determine their association with time spent away from bed. RESULTS We selected 304 participants (76 men; mean age, 86.3 ± 7.5 years) and divided them into three groups: group S (< 4 h), group M (4 to < 6 h) and group L (≥ 6 h), with 28, 23 and 253 participants, respectively. Comparison of the characteristics between the groups demonstrated significant differences in the Barthel index (p < .001), time spent away from bed (p < .001), history of aspiration pneumonia (p < .001), confirmation of meals and food forms (p = .010), problems with oral hygiene (p = .014), and problems with oral function (p = .002). Based on multiple regression analyses, 'problems with oral hygiene' (p < .001) and 'problems with oral function' (p < .001) were significantly associated with time spent away from bed. CONCLUSIONS The time spent away from bed was significantly associated with both oral hygiene and function in older adults, suggesting the importance of extending the time that older adults spend away from bed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Yanagida
- Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruka Tohara
- Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Wakabayashi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Kinoshita
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotomi Sakai
- Department of Research, Heisei Medical Welfare Group Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Policy Evaluation, Department of Health Policy, Research Institute, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tokiko Isowa
- Department of Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
| | - Kazuharu Nakagawa
- Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamaguchi
- Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanako Yoshimi
- Department of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Momosaki
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Mie, Japan
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Kimura C, Miura K, Watanabe Y, Baba H, Ozaki K, Hasebe A, Ayabe T, Nakamura K, Nakaoka S, Ogasawara K, Suzuki T, Saito H, Kimura T, Tamakoshi A, Yamazaki Y. Association between oral frailty and Prevotella percentage in the oral microbiota of community-dwelling older adults who participated in the CHEER Iwamizawa project, Japan. J Oral Rehabil 2024. [PMID: 38850071 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevotella bacteria are associated with inherent diseases of the oral cavity, such as periodontal disease, and systemic diseases. Oral frailty (OF) has been associated with nursing necessity and death. However, the relationship between OF and oral microbiota has not been fully clarified. OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study investigated the association between OF and Prevotella percentage in the oral microbiota of community-dwelling older adults. METHODS Oral bacteria species from saliva were identified in 208 community-dwelling older individuals aged ≥60 years in Japan. The proportion of Prevotella in the oral microbiota was classified into three tertile groups, and its relationship with each test item for OF (number of remaining teeth, masticatory performance, oral diadochokinesis, tongue pressure, difficulties eating tough foods, difficulties swallowing tea or soup, number of applicable OF judgement items, and existence of OF) was examined using ordinal logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The Prevotella proportions were classified into lower, middle and upper groups, comprising 70, 69 and 69 participants, respectively. The three groups showed a significant relationship between the number of remaining teeth (odds ratio [OR]: 0.946, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.915-0.977), masticatory performance (OR: 0.897, 95% CI: 0.844-0.953), number of applicable OF judgement items (OR: 1.477, 95% CI: 1.14-1.915), and existence of OF (OR: 4.194, 95% CI: 1.519-11.576). CONCLUSION The proportion of Prevotella in oral microbiota was high in individuals with OF. Among the older adults, the type of oral microbiota and systemic diseases may be related to the examination and management of oral function decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chizuru Kimura
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Miura
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Haruhisa Baba
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kimiya Ozaki
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akira Hasebe
- Oral Molecular Microbiology, Department of Oral Pathobiological Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tokiyoshi Ayabe
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kiminori Nakamura
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shinji Nakaoka
- Laboratory of Mathematical Biology, Department of Advanced Transdisciplinary Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Ogasawara
- Health Innovation and Technology Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Teppei Suzuki
- Hokkaido University of Education, Iwamizawa Campus, Iwamizawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Saito
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Takashi Kimura
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yamazaki
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Li T, Shen Y, Leng Y, Zeng Y, Li L, Yang Z, Wang S, Jiang Y. The prevalence of oral frailty among older adults: a systematic review and meta‑analysis. Eur Geriatr Med 2024; 15:645-655. [PMID: 38528284 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-023-00930-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, oral frailty was proposed as a new concept regarding dental and oral health in older adults. Poor oral health is linked to preserving general health and has become a geriatric public health problem that deeply affects healthy aging. While in present, evidence on the prevalence associated with oral frailty in older adults remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the prevalence of oral frailty among older adults, stratified by relevant factors such as gender, source, study design, region, and the evaluation scales for oral frailty and provide an evidence-based foundation for healthcare professionals and policymakers to formulate relevant measures. METHODS Ten electronic databases were systematically searched from inception to September 2023, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, PsycINFO, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical Database (Sinomed), Weipu Database, and Wanfang database. Based on the Stata 15.0 software package, a random effect model was used to calculate the pooled prevalence of oral frailty among older adults. In addition, sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, and meta-regression were conducted based on different study characteristics to detect heterogeneity sources. Funnel plots, Begg's and Egger's tests were used to evaluate the publication bias. RESULTS Eighteen studies with a total of 12,932 older adults were included for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of oral frailty and oral pre-frailty was 24% (95% CI: 20-28%) and 57% (95% CI: 52-61%) respectively. Based on different assessment tools of oral frailty, the pooled prevalence of oral frailty was higher when using the OFI-8 scale (44.1%; 95% CI: 35.4-52.8%) than the OFI-6 scale (18.3%; 95% CI: 15.8-20.8%) or OF checklist (22.1%; 95% CI: 17.4-26.7%). The prevalence of oral frailty was higher among older adults in females (23.8%; 95% CI: 18.4-29.2%), hospital settings (31%, 95% CI: 16.6-45.5%), cross-sectional design (26.7%, 95% CI: 19.2-34.2%), and China (45.9%, 95% CI: 34.4-57.3%). CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that oral frailty was common among older adults and various characteristics may affect its prevalence. Thus, healthcare professionals and policymakers should take oral frailty seriously in clinical practice and program planning and develop more preventive measures for oral frailty among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Yinli Shen
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Yingjie Leng
- Department of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - You Zeng
- Department of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Long Li
- Department of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Zijiang Yang
- Department of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Siyu Wang
- Department of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Yunlan Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China.
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Zhao H, Wu B, Zhou Y, Yang Z, Zhao H, Tian Z, Jiang M, Huang D. Oral frailty: a concept analysis. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:594. [PMID: 38778380 PMCID: PMC11112910 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04376-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral frailty has become a worldwide problem among older adults. Although researchers have conducted various studies on oral frailty, its definition remains controversial. PURPOSE To clarify the concept of oral frailty. METHODS Online databases PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), and Wanfang database were searched from inception to September 20, 2023. The reference lists of relevant studies were searched manually. Eligible articles, theses, and books were analyzed using Walker & Avant's concept analysis model. RESULTS The attributes of oral frailty were abnormal oral structure and/or decline in multi-faceted oral function and coexisting decline in physical, cognitive and social functions. Its antecedents were aging, social frailty, and severe periodontitis, whereas its consequences were decline in physical health and mental health, social withdrawal, lower quality of life and systemic frailty. CONCLUSION Oral frailty could result in worse conditions among older adults physically, psychologically and socially. Tools based on the concept analysis need to be developed to comprehensively assess oral frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Zhao
- College of Nursing, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Bei Wu
- Rory Meyers College of Nursing and NYU Aging Incubator, New York University, New York, NY, 10012, USA
| | - Yuqiu Zhou
- Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhilan Yang
- College of Nursing, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- College of Nursing, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Ziwei Tian
- College of Nursing, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Manhong Jiang
- College of Nursing, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Deqin Huang
- School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
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Yin Y, Zhao Y, Fei Y, Liu Y, Ji Y, Shan E, Niu S, Xing Y, Ding J, Li X. Epidemiology and risk factors of oral frailty among older people: an observational study from China. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:368. [PMID: 38515048 PMCID: PMC10958975 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to compare the prevalence of oral frailty among community-dwelling older people in Nanjing, China with the usage of different measurements, and to investigate the potential risk factors of oral frailty. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 338 community-dwelling older people in Nanjing, China were recruited. METHODS Oral frailty was measured based on the Oral Frailty Index-8 (OFI-8) scale and other measurement methods including the number of natural teeth (TN), repetitive saliva-swallowing test (RSST), and oral diadochokinesis (ODK). The chi-square test and the binary logistic regression analysis were performed to identify potential risk factors for oral frailty. RESULTS There were 310 participants included in the analysis. Prevalence of oral frailty by using the OFI-8, OFI-8 + TN, OFI-8 + ODK, OFI-8 + TN + ODK and RSST measurement methods were 69.0%, 27.4%, 51.9%, 21.0% and 2.9%, respectively. Passive smoking (OR = 2.04; 95%CI 1.03-4.03), being widowed/unmarried (OR1 = 2.53; 95%CI 1.25-5.10; OR2 = 2.94; 95%CI 1.12-7.77), pre-frailty (OR = 1.76; 95%CI 1.03-3.01), frailty (OR = 3.01; 95%CI 1.39-6.54), and aged 80 years and above (OR = 3.99; 95%CI 1.35-11.81) were found to be risk factors of oral frailty by the usage of the four kinds of measurement methods. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The definition and diagnostic criteria of oral frailty are strongly needed to be unified in future research. Only subjective assessment is not enough for assessing oral frailty. Among objective indicators, RSST is not suitable as a screening method for oral frailty. In addition, objective indicators including TN and ODK should be valued for early screening and preventive interventions. The risk factors of oral frailty include physical frailty, passive smoking, and being widowed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueheng Yin
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, No.101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, No.101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Fei
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, No.101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, No.101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun Ji
- Chunhua Community Health Service Centre, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Enfang Shan
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, No.101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuzhen Niu
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, No.101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Xing
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, No.101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Ding
- Sir Run Run Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - XianWen Li
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, No.101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China.
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Hu S, Li X. An analysis of influencing factors of oral frailty in the elderly in the community. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:260. [PMID: 38383363 PMCID: PMC10882750 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03946-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the current situation of oral frailty (OF) in the elderly in the community in China and analyse its influencing factors. METHODS Using convenience sampling, 380 elderly people from three communities in our city were selected as participants in the study. The Oral Frailty Index-8, the Frailty Scale, the Oral Health Assessment Tool, the Mini-nutritional Assessment Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used to investigate and analyse OF influencing factors. RESULTS In this study, the 380 elderly participants were categorized into three groups: frailty, pre-frailty, and non-physical frailty, based on their responses to the questionnaires.The influencing factor analysis showed that age, gender, education level, frailty score, frailty stage, number of dentures, dry mouth, subjective chewing difficulty, oral health score and sleep quality were the influencing factors of OF in the elderly in the community (R2 = 0.712, F = 434.73, P < 0.05). The evaluation of the prediction results showed that the frailty score (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.751, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.683-0.862), subjective chewing difficulty (AUC: 0.765, 95% CI: 0.655-0.831) and sleep quality (AUC: 0.736, 95% CI: 0.652-0.781) had a higher predictive value for OF. CONCLUSION The main OF influencing factors in the elderly in the community are age, gender, education level, physical frailty (PF) score, PF stage, number of dentures, dry mouth, subjective chewing difficulties, oral health score and sleep quality. Nursing staff should pay attention to the OF of the elderly in the community and take targeted intervention measures in time to reduce and control OF occurrence and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Hu
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xia Li
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
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10
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Parisius KGH, Verhoeff MC, Lobbezoo F, Avivi-Arber L, Duyck J, Hirano H, Iijima K, Janssens B, Kossioni A, Lin CS, McKenna G, Müller F, Schimmel M, Visser A, Watanabe Y, Gobbens RJJ. Towards an operational definition of oral frailty: A e-Delphi study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 117:105181. [PMID: 37713933 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Building upon our recently developed conceptual definition of oral frailty (the age-related functional decline of orofacial structures), this e-Delphi study aims to develop an operational definition of oral frailty by identifying its components. METHODS We used a modified e-Delphi study to reach a consensus among international experts on the components of oral frailty. Twelve out of fifteen invited experts in the field of gerodontology participated. Experts responded to three rounds of an online 5-point scale questionnaire of components to be included or excluded from the operational definition of oral frailty. After each round, scores and rationales were shared with all experts, after which they could revise their position. A consensus was reached when at least 70% of the experts agreed on whether or not a component should be included in the operational definition of oral frailty. RESULTS The experts achieved a high level of agreement (80 - 100%) on including eight components of oral frailty and excluding nineteen. The operational definition of oral frailty should include the following components: 1) difficulty eating hard or tough foods, 2) inability to chew all types of foods, 3) decreased ability to swallow solid foods, 4) decreased ability to swallow liquids, 5) overall poor swallowing function, 6) impaired tongue movement, 7) speech or phonatory disorders, and 8) hyposalivation or xerostomia. CONCLUSION This e-Delphi study provided eight components that make up the operational definition of oral frailty. These components are the foundation for the next stage, which involves developing an oral frailty assessment tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl G H Parisius
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, ACTA, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Faculty of Health, Sports and Social Work, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, The Netherlands.
| | - Merel C Verhoeff
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, ACTA, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Lobbezoo
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, ACTA, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Joke Duyck
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Japan
| | - Katsuya Iijima
- Institute for Future Initiatives, Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - Barbara Janssens
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Gerodontology, ELOHA (Equal Lifelong Oral Health for All) research group, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Anastassia Kossioni
- Division of Gerodontology, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Chia-Shu Lin
- Department of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan
| | - Gerald McKenna
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland United Kingdom
| | - Frauke Müller
- Division of Gerodontology and Removable Prosthdontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Martin Schimmel
- Division of Gerodontology and Removable Prosthdontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, school of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anita Visser
- Department of Gerodontology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; University Medical Center Groningen, The Netherlands; Department for Gerodontology, College of Dental Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Robbert J J Gobbens
- Faculty of Health, Sports and Social Work, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, The Netherlands; Zonnehuisgroep Amstelland, The Netherlands; Department Family Medicine and Population Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Tranzo Academic Centre for Transformation in Care and Welfare, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Tilburg University, The Netherlands
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Kojima G, Taniguchi Y, Iwasaki M, Aoyama R, Urano T. Associations between self-reported masticatory dysfunction and frailty: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273812. [PMID: 36084116 PMCID: PMC9462797 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral health is a key factor of overall health and closely associated with well-being and quality of life. Mastication is one the most important oral functions and may deteriorate with aging. Evidence on association between masticatory dysfunction and frailty in the literature is scarce and not coherent. METHODS A search strategy was developed to conduct a systematic review of the literature in PubMed, CINAHL, and AMED in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. We searched for studies published in 2000 or later that examined associations between self-reported masticatory dysfunction and frailty risk. The reference lists of the relevant articles were reviewed for additional studies. We calculated pooled odds ratios (OR) of association between self-reported masticatory dysfunction and the risk of frailty by fixed-effects meta-analysis. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist was used to assess risk of bias. Publication bias was assessed by visually inspecting a funnel plot. RESULTS A total of 285 studies were identified by the literature search. Among 5 studies selected for this review, 4 cross-sectional studies including a total of 7425 individuals were used for meta-analysis. The pooled results by a fixed-effects model showed that there was a significant association between self-reported masticatory dysfunction and frailty risk (pooled OR = 1.83, 95%CI = 1.55-2.18, p<0.00001). There was no evidence of publication bias observed. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review and meta-analysis highlighted pooled cross-sectional evidence that community-dwelling older people who report masticatory dysfunction are significantly more likely to be frail than those who do not. The limitations of this study are: inclusion of only cross-sectional studies, no gold standard to measure masticatory functions, self-reported information on masticatory function, and the limited number of included studies. More longitudinal studies are warranted for further understanding of the causal pathways and elucidate underlying mechanisms. Registration: PROSPERO CRD42021277173.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gotaro Kojima
- Department of Research, Dr. AGA Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Taniguchi
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | - Reijiro Aoyama
- Department of Japanese Studies, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Tomohiko Urano
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
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12
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Kuo YW, Lee JD. Association between Oral Frailty and Physical Frailty among Rural Middle-Old Community-Dwelling People with Cognitive Decline in Taiwan: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:2884. [PMID: 35270577 PMCID: PMC8909940 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study was conducted to clarify the association between oral frailty (OF) and physical frailty (PF). In total, 308 Taiwanese middle-old (75−84 years) community-dwelling people with cognitive decline were recruited from random rural community health care centers. Eight items were considered for the evaluation of their OF status. The Study of Osteoporotic Fracture index was used for frailty assessment, which revealed that 22% of the participants had PF. In an adjusted model, PF was significantly associated with the OF subdomains of difficult to eat hard food (p = 0.009), choking (p = 0.008), denture use (p = 0.008), and inability to chew hard food (p = 0.001); and high risk of OF (OR = 3.03; p = 0.002). After eight steps with elimination of the least significant independent variable, age (p= 0.008), self-reported health status of fair (p = 0.000) and poor (p = 0.000), mild cognitive impairment (p < 0.001) and denture use (p = 0.011) were found to be the indispensable predictors for PF. The logistic regression model with 5 indispensable variables had a predictive value of 78.2%. Longitudinal analyses are needed to examine whether OF is a risk factor for PF onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Wen Kuo
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi 613, Taiwan
| | - Jiann-Der Lee
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chiayi Branch, Puzi 613, Taiwan;
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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13
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Nagano M, Kabayama M, Ohata Y, Rakugi H, Kamide K. [The usefulness of a questionnaire during medical examinations for older subjects in evaluating frailty: Utilization in clinical practice]. Nihon Ronen Igakkai Zasshi 2022; 59:360-370. [PMID: 36070910 DOI: 10.3143/geriatrics.59.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM The late-stage medical care system for older people provides medical examinations, including questionnaires for frailty. We examined whether or not this approach is useful in clinical practice. METHODS We used this questionnaire for the screening of frailty as follows: according to the manual prepared by the Japan Geriatrics Society, each question was classified as concerning oral (Q4, 5), physical (Q6-9), cognitive (Q10, 11), or social (Q13-15) frailty. Each frailty was defined if there was at least one negative answer in each question. The grip power and skeletal muscle index (SMI) according to a bioelectrical impedance analysis were also evaluated. Subjects who showed a reduced grip strength and SMI were defined as having sarcopenia, and those who showed only a reduced grip strength were defined as having possible sarcopenia. RESULTS One hundred and seventy-one subjects aged 81.0±4.2 years old (63.1% female) were enrolled. A total of 12.3% of subjects showed sarcopenia, and 17.5% showed possible sarcopenia. The prevalence of physical, cognitive, and social frailties was associated with sarcopenia. Oral frailty, defined as having decreased swallowing and mastication functions (Q4 and 5), was significantly related to sarcopenia. Physical frailty was associated with age. In patients with hypertension, a low incidence of cognitive frailty was found. Social frailty was related to a decreased body weight. CONCLUSIONS A questionnaire during medical examinations for older subjects may be useful for screening various frailties and may lead to promotion of the preventive care activities in the community. Further studies are needed to elucidate the relationship between each type of frailty and background characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mai Kabayama
- Department of Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yuka Ohata
- Department of Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiromi Rakugi
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kei Kamide
- Department of Health Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
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14
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Hiltunen K, Saarela RKT, Kautiainen H, Roitto HM, Pitkälä KH, Mäntylä P. Relationship between Fried's frailty phenotype and oral frailty in long-term care residents. Age Ageing 2021; 50:2133-2139. [PMID: 34473831 PMCID: PMC8581380 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afab177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND oral frailty (OFr) may be called a syndrome lacking a consensus on its definition. OBJECTIVE the aim was to prove the relationship between OFr to the phenotype of frailty, general health and nutrition in long-term care. DESIGN the FINnish ORAL Health Study in Long-Term Care study is a cross-sectional clinical research comprising findings on oral and general health and nutrition. SETTING participants were divided into groups according to the number of OFr signs: Group 1 (0-1 sign), Group 2 (2-4 signs) and Group 3 (5-6 signs). SUBJECTS the study includes data on 349 older residents of long-term care facilities in Helsinki, Finland. METHODS frailty status was defined according to Fried's frailty phenotype. OFr was evaluated with six signs: dry mouth, diet of pureed or soft food, residue of food on oral surfaces, unclear speech, inability to keep mouth open during the clinical oral examination and pain expression during the examination. RESULTS a significant linear relationship across the OFr groups with Fried's frailty phenotype was found (P for linearity = 0.008, adjusted by gender and age). A linear trend existed between OFr groups and general health; prevalence of dementia and malnutrition increased from Group 1 to Group 3. The need for help with eating and oral hygiene procedures increased from Group 1 to Group 3. Moreover, OFr had a linear relationship with chewing and swallowing difficulties. CONCLUSIONS OFr is related to Fried's frailty phenotype, general health, nutrition and need for help with daily activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaija Hiltunen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riitta K T Saarela
- City of Helsinki, Department of Social Services and Health Care, Oral Health Care, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannu Kautiainen
- Primary Health Care Unit, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Folkhälsan, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna-Maria Roitto
- City of Helsinki, Department of Social Services and Health Care, Oral Health Care, Helsinki, Finland
- Health Care, Geriatric Clinic, Helsinki Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaisu H Pitkälä
- Department of General Practice, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Mäntylä
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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Hasegawa Y, Tsuji S, Nagai K, Sakuramoto-Sadakane A, Tamaoka J, Oshitani M, Ono T, Sawada T, Shinmura K, Kishimoto H. The relationship between bone density and the oral function in older adults: a cross-sectional observational study. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:591. [PMID: 34686146 PMCID: PMC8539774 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02547-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Falls among older adults with a low bone density can lead to a bedridden state. Declining bone density increases the risk of falls resulting fractures in older adults. A person's physical performance is known to be closely related to bone density, and a relationship between the physical performance and the oral function is also known to exist. However, there currently is a lack of evidence regarding the relationship between bone density and the oral function. We assessed the relationship between the bone density and the both the oral function and physical performance among older adults. PATIENTS AND METHODS 754 older adults aged 65 years or older who independently lived in rural regions and who were not taking any medications for osteoporosis participated. We checked all participants for osteoporosis using an ultrasonic bone density measuring device. Regarding the oral function, we evaluated the following factors: remaining teeth, occlusal support, masticatory performance, occlusal force, and tongue pressure. We also evaluated body mass index (BMI) and skeletal muscle mass Index as clinical characteristics. The normal walking speed, knee extension force and one-leg standing test were evaluated as physical performance. For the statistical analyses, we used the Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, the Kruskal-Wallis, and a multiple regression analysis. RESULTS Eighty-one percent of the females and 58% of the males had osteoporosis or a decreased bone mass. The occlusal force, masticatory performance and the tongue pressure showed significant association with the bone density. The participants physical performance showed a significant association with their bone states except for walking speed. According to a multiple regression analysis, clinical characteristics (sex, age, BMI), one-leg standing and occlusal force showed independent associations with the bone density. It was suggested that the bone density tends to increase if the occlusal force is high and/or the one-leg standing test results are good. CONCLUSIONS The bone density in the older adults showed a significant relationship not only with clinical characteristics or physical performance, but also with occlusal force. It may also be effective to confirm a good oral function in order to maintain healthy living for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Hasegawa
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo Japan
- Division of Comprehensive Prosthodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 5274, Gakkocho-dori 2-bancho, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514 Japan
| | - Shotaro Tsuji
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo Japan
| | - Koutatsu Nagai
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Hyogo University of Health Sciences, 1-3-6 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo Japan
| | - Ayumi Sakuramoto-Sadakane
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo Japan
| | - Joji Tamaoka
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo Japan
| | - Masayuki Oshitani
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo Japan
| | - Takahiro Ono
- Division of Comprehensive Prosthodontics, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 5274, Gakkocho-dori 2-bancho, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8514 Japan
| | - Takashi Sawada
- Hyogo Dental Association, 5-7-18 Yamamoto-dori, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo Japan
| | - Ken Shinmura
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Kishimoto
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo Japan
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Oral Health as a Predictor of Physical Frailty among Rural Community-Dwelling Elderly in an Agricultural County of Taiwan: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189805. [PMID: 34574726 PMCID: PMC8464879 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a cross-sectional study to clarify the relationship between oral health and physical frailty (PF). A sample of 903 community-dwelling individuals aged ≥ 65 years were enrolled from random communities in Chiayi County. The self-perceived oral health (SPOH) and oral health assessment tool (OHAT), which consists of eight items, was used for the evaluation of their oral health status. PF was assessed based on the Study of Osteoporotic Fracture index. Overall, 14.6% of the participants had PF. In an adjusted model, restricted food types (odds ratio (OR) = 1.59, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2–2.09, p = 0.001), self-reported dental status (OR = 1.61, 95% CI: 1.2–2.15, p = 0.001), number of teeth (OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.96–0.99, p = 0.006), frequency of tooth cleaning (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.68–1.0, p = 0.049), OHAT score (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.02–1.17, p < 0.017), and saliva items of OHAT (OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.11–2.1, p = 0.010) were significantly associated with PF. SPOH is a crucial indicator of PF; longitudinal analyses are necessary to understand the underlying pathway of risk factors for frailty onset.
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