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Zhang Y, Pu Y, Deng Y, Liu B, Chen K, Xu Y, Tan W, Liu H, Wang J. Therapeutic of a white adipose tissue-specific bivalent aptamer in obesity. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 227:116452. [PMID: 39059772 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The white adipose tissue-specific aptamer Adipo8 can specificity bindwith mature adipocytes or tissues and inhibit adipogenesis.In this research, we exploredthe effect of Adipo8 intervention on the transcriptome in the process of adipogenesis using mRNA-level sequencing,analyzed the mechanism ofAdipo8 ininhibiting adipogenesis. The results showed that Adipo8 can inhibit lipid formation and downregulate PPARγ and C/EBPα in differentiated 3 T3-L1 cells. Transcriptome mRNA sequencing of 3 T3-L1 cells after Adipo8 interventionrevealed that Adipo8 might inhibit the biological function of adipogenesis by downregulating Acsl1 and Plin1 to inhibit fatty acid metabolism and PPAR signaling pathways.After that, using Spacer18 to connect the optimized and truncated Adipo8, we constructed a bivalent aptamer Adipo8cBand compared the affinity, biological effects, and biological stability between the aptamers in differentiated and mature 3 T3-L1 cells. At the cellular level,the affinity, biological effects, and serum stability of Adipo8cB were verified to be superior to those of Adipo8in 3 T3-L1 cells.We then investigated the biological properties of Adipo8cB as a lipid-inhibiting drug invivo, using C57BL/6J mice with diet-induced obesity. The body weight, blood sugar, lipid levels, liver function, glucose tolerance, and other related indicators in each group of mice were observed and compared after intervention with the bivalent aptamers Adipo8cB and Adipo8. Both Adipo8cB and Adipo8 effectively prevented weight gain caused by fat accumulation in micewith diet induced obesity, while also reducing blood lipid levels, improving glucose tolerance, and protecting against liver steatosis, moreover, Adipo8cB has a better effect than Adipo8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Ying Pu
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Yuanyuan Deng
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Yiling Xu
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310022, China
| | - Huixia Liu
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Jinwei Wang
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
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2
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Erb C, Erb C, Kazakov A, Kapanova G, Weisser B. Lifestyle Changes in Aging and their Potential Impact on POAG. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2024. [PMID: 39191386 DOI: 10.1055/a-2372-3505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Primary open angle glaucoma is a primary mitochondrial disease with oxidative stress triggering neuroinflammation, eventually resulting in neurodegeneration. This affects many other areas of the brain in addition to the visual system. Aging also leads to inflammaging - a low-grade chronic inflammatory reaction in mitochondrial dysfunction, so these inflammatory processes overlap in the aging process and intensify pathophysiological processes associated with glaucoma. Actively counteracting these inflammatory events involves optimising treatment for any manifest systemic diseases while maintaining chronobiology and improving the microbiome. Physical and mental activity also provides support. This requires a holistic approach towards optimising neurodegeneration treatment in primary open angle glaucoma in addition to reducing intraocular pressure according personalised patient targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Erb
- Augenklinik am Wittenbergplatz, Berlin, Deutschland
| | | | - Avaz Kazakov
- External Relations and Development, Salymbekov University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Gulnara Kapanova
- Medical Faculty of Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
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Ali S, Zulfiqar M, Summer M, Arshad M, Noor S, Nazakat L, Javed A. Zebrafish as an innovative model for exploring cardiovascular disease induction mechanisms and novel therapeutic interventions: a molecular insight. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:904. [PMID: 39133413 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09814-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a common cardiac disorder that leads to heart attacks, strokes, and heart failure. It is primarily characterized by conditions that impact the heart and blood arteries, including peripheral artery disease, arrhythmias, atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia, congenital heart abnormalities, heart failure, rheumatic heart disease, hypertension, and cardiomyopathies. These conditions are mainly effect the heart and blood vessels, causing blockages or weakened pumping, due to severe hereditary and environmental factors. The frequency of CVD is rising significantly as life expectancy increases. Despite this, no effective treatment or management for its symptoms has been found. One of the most difficult obstacles to overcome, is finding a suitable animal model for drug screening and drug development. Although rodents, mice, swine, and mammals serve as the basis for most animal models of cardiovascular disease, no model accurately captures the epidemiology of the condition. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) have drawn the interest of the international scientific community due to certain shortcomings of the previously discussed animal models because they are smaller, less costly, and have an incredibly high rate of reproduction. This review article emphasizes the significance of using zebrafish as an animal model to investigate the possible facets of cardiovascular disease. Moreover, the ultimate purpose of this review article is to establish the advantages of employing zebrafish over other animal models and to investigate the boundaries of using zebrafish to study human disease. Furthermore, the mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases induction in zebrafish were covered to improve understanding for readers. Finally, the analysis of cardiotoxicity using Zebra fish model, is also explained. In order to stop the health index from deteriorating, the current study also covers some innovative, effective, and relatively safer treatments for treatment and management of cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaukat Ali
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Maryam Zulfiqar
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Summer
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mahnoor Arshad
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Shehzeen Noor
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Laiba Nazakat
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah Javed
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
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Du R, Ma K, Li Y, Tian J, Li M, Zhao C, Wang J. Study on the intervention effect of HCH integrated SMG health management model on community high-risk group of cardiovascular disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1399787. [PMID: 39077115 PMCID: PMC11284030 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1399787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the integration of the Hospital-Community-Home (HCH) model with the Self-Mutual-Group (SMG) health management model for high-risk populations with cardiovascular disease in the Yuhua community of Shijiazhuang city. The study focused on implementing care interventions (HCH, SMG) with a specific emphasis on SMG to promote beneficial views/behaviors, enhance self-efficacy/agency, and address detrimental determinants of health, ultimately leading to durable changes and healthier lifestyles. Comparing the HCH model with the combined SMG model helps to comprehensively assess the strengths and weaknesses of different health management approaches. This comparison contributes to theoretical innovation and practical development in the field of health management, as well as improving patients' health outcomes and quality of life. Methods This study employed a quasi-experimental design. Using stratified sampling, individuals who underwent health examinations in Community A and Community B from Shijiazhuang city between May 2023 and August 2023 were randomly selected. After informing the participants about the study and obtaining informed consent via telephone, high-risk patients with cardiovascular disease were screened based on their medical examination reports. Data on lifestyle behaviors, self-efficacy, medical responses, quality of life, and readmission rates were collected and compared before and after the intervention. Results A total of 526 eligible participants were included, with 241 in the control group and 285 in the study group. After the intervention, there was no significant change in the proportions of smokers, alcohol consumers, and individuals engaging in leisure exercises in the control group. However, in the study group, the proportions of smokers and alcohol consumers significantly decreased, while the proportion of individuals engaging in leisure exercises significantly increased. After the intervention, both the study group and the control group showed significant increases in scores on the General Self-Efficacy Scale-Schwarzer (GSES) and the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ), with the study group scoring significantly higher than the control group. Avoidance and surrender scores significantly increased after the intervention, with the study group scoring significantly lower than the control group. Confrontation scores significantly increased after the intervention, with the study group scoring significantly higher than the control group. During the follow-up period, the study group had a significantly lower readmission rate than the control group. Conclusion The integration of HCH with SMG health management model can significantly improve lifestyle behaviors, optimize medical responses, enhance self-efficacy and quality of life, and significantly reduce readmission rates among high-risk populations with cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Du
- School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Kaifang Ma
- Department of Public Health, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanru Li
- Department of Public Health, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jin Tian
- Department of Public Health, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mengkun Li
- Department of Public Health, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chenxi Zhao
- Department of Public Health, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jing Wang
- School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Public Health, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Micali G, Corallo F, Pagano M, Giambò FM, Duca A, D’Aleo P, Anselmo A, Bramanti A, Garofano M, Mazzon E, Bramanti P, Cappadona I. Artificial Intelligence and Heart-Brain Connections: A Narrative Review on Algorithms Utilization in Clinical Practice. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1380. [PMID: 39057522 PMCID: PMC11276532 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12141380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular and neurological diseases are a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Such diseases require careful monitoring to effectively manage their progression. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers valuable tools for this purpose through its ability to analyse data and identify predictive patterns. This review evaluated the application of AI in cardiac and neurological diseases for their clinical impact on the general population. We reviewed studies on the application of AI in the neurological and cardiological fields. Our search was performed on the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Cochrane library databases. Of the initial 5862 studies, 23 studies met the inclusion criteria. The studies showed that the most commonly used algorithms in these clinical fields are Random Forest and Artificial Neural Network, followed by logistic regression and Support-Vector Machines. In addition, an ECG-AI algorithm based on convolutional neural networks has been developed and has been widely used in several studies for the detection of atrial fibrillation with good accuracy. AI has great potential to support physicians in interpretation, diagnosis, risk assessment and disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Micali
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, Via Palermo, S.S. 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (G.M.)
| | - Francesco Corallo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, Via Palermo, S.S. 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (G.M.)
| | - Maria Pagano
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, Via Palermo, S.S. 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (G.M.)
| | - Fabio Mauro Giambò
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, Via Palermo, S.S. 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (G.M.)
| | - Antonio Duca
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, Via Palermo, S.S. 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (G.M.)
| | - Piercataldo D’Aleo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, Via Palermo, S.S. 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (G.M.)
| | - Anna Anselmo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, Via Palermo, S.S. 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (G.M.)
| | - Alessia Bramanti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Marina Garofano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, Via Palermo, S.S. 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (G.M.)
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, Via Palermo, S.S. 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (G.M.)
- Faculty of Psychology, Università degli Studi eCampus, Via Isimbardi 10, 22060 Novedrate, Italy
| | - Irene Cappadona
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, Via Palermo, S.S. 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy; (G.M.)
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Jin YJ, Wu XY, An ZY. The Application of Mendelian Randomization in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction: Current Status and Future Prospects. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2024; 25:262. [PMID: 39139440 PMCID: PMC11317336 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2507262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and is associated with a wide range of risk factors, and genetically associated conditions. While many CVDs are preventable and early detection alongside treatment can significantly mitigate complication risks, current prediction models for CVDs need enhancements for better accuracy. Mendelian randomization (MR) offers a novel approach for estimating the causal relationship between exposure and outcome by using genetic variation in quasi-experimental data. This method minimizes the impact of confounding variables by leveraging the random allocation of genes during gamete formation, thereby facilitating the integration of new predictors into risk prediction models to refine the accuracy of prediction. In this review, we delve into the theory behind MR, as well as the strengths, applications, and limitations behind this emerging technology. A particular focus will be placed on MR application to CVD, and integration into CVD prediction frameworks. We conclude by discussing the inclusion of various populations and by offering insights into potential areas for future research and refinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jing Jin
- Peking University Health Science Center, 100191 Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, 100034
Beijing, China
| | - Xing-Yuan Wu
- Peking University Health Science Center, 100191 Beijing, China
| | - Zhuo-Yu An
- Peking University Health Science Center, 100191 Beijing, China
- Peking University Institute of Hematology, Peking University People's
Hospital, 100044 Beijing, China
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Duda-Sikuła M, Kurpas D. Enhancing Chronic Disease Management: Personalized Medicine Insights from Rural and Urban General Practitioner Practices. J Pers Med 2024; 14:706. [PMID: 39063960 PMCID: PMC11277769 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14070706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Health policies worldwide emphasize managing chronic conditions like diabetes and hypertension through medication and lifestyle modifications. However, translating guidelines into practical application remains challenging, leading to suboptimal care and poor health outcomes, particularly in low-resource settings. This study aims to reveal significant differences between rural and urban patients requiring personalized approaches to chronic disease management based on geographical location and demographic data, considering the impact of emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected from rural and urban general practitioner (GP) practices in Poland, covering four years from 2018 to the first quarter of 2021, focusing on diabetes and hypertension epidemiology, risk factors, comorbidities, resource consumption, and disease burden. The findings revealed significant differences between rural and urban patients regarding age, number of patient visits, gender distribution, and types of diagnoses and visit modalities. Rural patients tended to be older, had a higher median number of visits, and exhibited different patterns of diagnoses and visit types compared to urban patients. The study also investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on chronic disease treatment, finding that while age at visits increased during the pandemic, there were no significant changes in gender distribution, but a noticeable shift in diagnoses and visit modalities with an increase in remote visits and changes in the prevalence of specific diagnoses. These disparities highlight the need for tailored approaches to chronic disease management based on geographic location and patient demographics. The study underscores the importance of understanding the unique challenges and opportunities in managing chronic diseases across different settings and during public health crises like the COVID-19 pandemic, aiding healthcare providers and policymakers in developing targeted interventions to improve chronic disease prevention and management, ultimately leading to better health outcomes for individuals and communities. Further research is needed to explore the long-term effects of the pandemic on chronic disease treatment and assess the effectiveness of interventions to mitigate its impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Duda-Sikuła
- Clinical Trial Support Centre, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Donata Kurpas
- Department of Family and Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-996 Wrocław, Poland;
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Gavras A, Batsis JA. Medical weight loss in older persons with obesity. Clin Obes 2024:e12684. [PMID: 38924367 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of individuals with obesity or overweight has steadily increased over the past decades both worldwide, and in the United States. This trend is also evident in the older adult population, which has experienced a continuous rise in the number of individuals with overweight or obesity. This is relevant due to the impact of obesity in older adults' quality of life, physical function, morbidity, and healthcare costs. This review aims to provide practical guidance and currently available approaches for healthcare professionals in managing this population. Both non-pharmacological methods such as intensive behavioural therapy, nutritional interventions, and physical activity, as well as anti-obesity medications, are discussed, with a focus on their potential positive and negative effects in older adults. Additionally, bariatric therapy is evaluated, including current procedures available and the associated results and risks in the older population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Gavras
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - John A Batsis
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Ma X, Ai Y, Lei F, Tang X, Li Q, Huang Y, Zhan Y, Mao Q, Wang L, Lei F, Yi Q, Yang F, Yin X, He B, Zhou L, Ruan S. Effect of blood flow-restrictive resistance training on metabolic disorder and body composition in older adults with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1409267. [PMID: 38904038 PMCID: PMC11186980 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1409267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction To explore whether blood flow-restrictive resistance exercise (BFRE) can be used as an alternative strategy to moderate-intensity resistance training (RT) to improve metabolic disorder and body composition in older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods This is a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Ninety-eight older adults with T2DM were randomly divided into three groups: BFRE group (n = 34), RT group (n = 31) and control group (n = 33). Two exercise groups received supervised collective training for a period of six months, each lasting 50 min, three times a week. The primary outcomes included fasting plasma glucose (FPG), Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood lipids, blood pressure, and body composition. The secondary outcome was muscle performance. Results After six months of intervention, the FPG, HbA1c, blood lipids, diastolic blood pressure, body composition, and muscle performance of the two exercise groups were significantly improved relative to the control group and baseline measurements (P < 0.05). There was no significant increase in lean mass between the two exercise groups compared to the control group and baseline (p > 0.05). There was no significant decrease in systolic blood pressure between the two exercise groups compared to the control group (p > 0.05), but it was significantly lower than their baseline (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in all indicators between the two exercise groups at the baseline, third and sixth months of intervention (p > 0.05). Discussion BFRE can safely and effectively improve the metabolic disorder and body composition of older adults with T2DM. For elderly exercise beginners, BFRE can be used as an alternative strategy to moderate-intensity resistance training. Clinical trial registration https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=178886, identifier ChiCTR2300074357.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Ma
- School of Nursing, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yuxin Ai
- School of Nursing, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Fulian Lei
- School of Nursing, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xuan Tang
- School of Nursing, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Qingmei Li
- School of Nursing, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yixin Huang
- School of Nursing, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yating Zhan
- School of Nursing, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Quan Mao
- School of Nursing, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Liduo Wang
- School of Nursing, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Fenfang Lei
- School of Nursing, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Qinyu Yi
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaogang Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Binghua He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
| | - Sijie Ruan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital of Shaoyang, Shaoyang, Hunan, China
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Yurika N, Montuori E, Lauritano C. Marine Microalgal Products with Activities against Age-Related Cardiovascular Diseases. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:229. [PMID: 38786620 PMCID: PMC11122832 DOI: 10.3390/md22050229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and it is estimated that 17.9 million people die of it each year. The risk factors for cardiovascular diseases are attributable to an unhealthy and sedentary lifestyle, poor nutrition, stress, genetic predisposition, diabetes, obesity, and aging. Marine microalgae have been the subject of numerous studies for their potential activity against several human diseases. They produce a plethora of primary and secondary metabolites such as essential nutrients, vitamins, pigments, and omega-3 fatty acid. Many of these molecules have antioxidant properties and have been shown to play a role in the prevention of heart diseases. The aim of this review is to summarize recent studies on the discovery of marine microalgal compounds and bioactivities for cardiovascular diseases, including in vitro and in vivo studies, showing and discussing recent discoveries and trends. The most promising results were found for microalgal polysaccharides, peptides and carotenoids. In conclusion, the overall data summarized here show that microalgae-based supplementation has the potential to improve age-related cardiovascular diseases and we expect more clinical studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nova Yurika
- Marine Biology Research Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, B-9000 Gent, Belgium;
- Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Acton 55, 80133 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Eleonora Montuori
- Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Acton 55, 80133 Napoli, Italy;
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Chiara Lauritano
- Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Acton 55, 80133 Napoli, Italy;
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Noori M, Shateri Z, Babajafari S, Eskandari MH, Parastouei K, Ghasemi M, Afshari H, Samadi M. The effect of probiotic-fortified kefir on cardiovascular risk factors in elderly population: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. BMC Nutr 2024; 10:74. [PMID: 38741203 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-024-00875-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The outbreak of cardiovascular disease (CVD) augments with age. Gut dysbiosis can worsen or initiate systemic disorders such as metabolic diseases and CVDs. Therefore, this research aimed to assess the effect of kefir fortified with Lactobacillus helveticus R0052 and Bifidobacterium longum R017 on CVD risk factors in the elderly population. The subjects of this study were selected from the Motahari Clinic in Shiraz, Iran. METHOD This study was a double-blind, randomized, and controlled clinical trial that was conducted on 67 elderly people who were randomly divided into two groups: the fortified kefir group (n = 32), which received one bottle of fortified kefir (240 cc), and the placebo group (n = 35), which received one bottle of regular kefir for eight weeks. To analyze the data, SPSS software was applied. RESULTS After eight weeks, significant differences were seen in atherogenic and Castell's risk index I between the fortified and regular groups (p = 0.048 and p = 0.048, respectively). No significant differences were found in Castelli's risk index II, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), non-HDL-C, TG-cholesterol index, and fasting blood sugar by comparing the two groups. CONCLUSION Our investigation demonstrated that fortified kefir with probiotics did not significantly affect lipid profiles. Still, it could significantly affect some indices, including Castelli's risk index I and atherogenic index. More studies are required to confirm the findings and mechanisms of probiotics' effect on CVD risk factors. TRIAL NUMBER The present registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20130227012628N3) at 2023-02-21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Noori
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zainab Shateri
- Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Siavash Babajafari
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hadi Eskandari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Karim Parastouei
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ghasemi
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoseein Afshari
- Student Research Committee, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Samadi
- Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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12
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Chen K, Zhang Y, Zhou S, Jin C, Xiang M, Ma H. The association between the basal metabolic rate and cardiovascular disease: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14153. [PMID: 38229569 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mendelian randomization analysis was applied to elucidate the causal relationship between the basal metabolic rate (BMR) and common cardiovascular diseases. METHOD We choose BMR as exposure. BMR is the metabolic rate of the body when the basic physiological activities (blood circulation, breathing and constant body temperature) are maintained. The normal BMR is 1507 kcal/day for men and 1276 kcal/day for women. The dataset was drawn from the public GWAS dataset (GWAS ID: ukb-a-268), collected and analysed by UK biobank, containing 331,307 European males and females. SNPs independently and strongly associated with BMR were used as instrumental variables in the inverse variance weighted analysis. MR-Egger, weighted median, MR pleiotropy residual sum, and outlier methods were also performed, and the sensitivity was evaluated using horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity analyses to ensure the stability of the results. RESULTS An increased BMR is associated with a higher risk of cardiomyopathy (odds ratio [OR] = 2.00, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.57-2.54, p = 1.87 × 10-8), heart failure (OR = 1.39, 95% CI, 1.27-2.51, p = 8.1 × 10-13), and valvular heart disease (OR = 1.18, 95% CI, 1.10-1.27, p = .00001). However, there was no clear association between BMR and the subtypes of other cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary disease (OR = .96, 95% CI, .85-1.08, p = .48651) and atrial fibrillation (AF) (OR = 1.85, 95% CI, 1.70-2.02, p = 6.28 × 10-44). CONCLUSION Our study reveals a possible causal effect of BMR on the risk of cardiomyopathy, heart failure and valvular disease, but not for coronary disease and AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijie Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siyu Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chengjiang Jin
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meixiang Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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13
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Branigan P, Duong YV, Abdulfattah AY, Sabu J, Mallappallil M, John S. Towards Optimal Cardiovascular Health: A Comprehensive Review of Preventive Strategies. Cureus 2024; 16:e60877. [PMID: 38910676 PMCID: PMC11192625 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart disease remains a prominent global health concern, with cardiovascular disease (CVD) standing as a leading cause of death worldwide. Preventing heart disease not only decreases the risk of premature death but also mitigates complications like heart attacks, strokes, and arrhythmias, thereby enhancing overall health and quality of life. The economic burden of heart disease treatment highlights the importance of implementing preventive measures, such as lifestyle changes and early interventions, which can alleviate healthcare costs. These strategies, targeting risk factors like hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipidemia, and obesity, not only prevent heart disease but also reduce the risk of other health issues. Herein, this review covers various preventive measures, including dietary interventions, exercise, controlling HTN, DM, cholesterol, and weight, smoking cessation, and pharmacological interventions. By critically analyzing the guidelines and leveraging robust data alongside variations in recommendations, this review aims to elucidate effective primary prevention strategies for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Branigan
- Department of Cardiology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA
| | - Y V Duong
- Department of Cardiology, University of Debrecen Medical School, Debrecen, HUN
| | - Ammar Y Abdulfattah
- Department of Internal Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA
| | - Jacob Sabu
- Department of Cardiology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, USA
| | - Mary Mallappallil
- Department of Nephrology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA
| | - Sabu John
- Department of Cardiology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA
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14
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Taiek N, El Fadili NEH, Belkacem A, Cheikh AA, Kabbadj K, Damoun N, Aziouaz F, El Hangouche AJ. The Knowledge Assessment of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e59774. [PMID: 38846251 PMCID: PMC11153971 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.59774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the primary cause of mortality worldwide. Numerous factors can indicate the likelihood of developing CVDs. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of these risk factors is the initial step towards implementing successful preventive measures to defy the prevalence of CVDs across all demographics. The aim of this study is to evaluate the Moroccan population's level of knowledge regarding cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF). METHODS This questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 744 participants. Their knowledge of CVD risk factors was assessed by the Heart Disease Facts Questionnaire (HDFQ). Socio-demographic characteristics were collected and statistical analyses were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, IBM Corp., Version 26.0, Armonk, NY). RESULTS Among 744 participants, 475 (63%) were male and 409 (55%) were young adults. The mean HDFQ score was 64.36%. Overall, 47.4% of the respondents were aware of CVD risk factors, 27% had moderate knowledge and 25.6% had poor knowledge. The most commonly identified factors were smoking (86.8%), obesity (85.6%), and aging (80.5%). Age was the only factor that showed a significant association with the awareness of CVD risk factors. CONCLUSION The level of knowledge of CVRF is moderate among the Moroccan population. Effective health education about CVRF and adequate prevention measures is certainly essential to minimize the burden of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Taiek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tangier, MAR
| | - Nour El Houda El Fadili
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tangier, MAR
| | - Abderrahmane Belkacem
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tangier, MAR
| | - Attoumane Abdou Cheikh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tangier, MAR
| | - Kaoutar Kabbadj
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tangier, MAR
| | - Narjisse Damoun
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tangier, MAR
| | - Faiza Aziouaz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tangier, MAR
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Fruscione S, Malta G, Verso MG, Calascibetta A, Martorana D, Cannizzaro E. Correlation among job-induced stress, overall well-being, and cardiovascular risk in Italian workers of logistics and distribution. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1358212. [PMID: 38655515 PMCID: PMC11035898 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1358212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Work-related stress is an occupational risk that has been linked to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). While previous studies have explored this association in various work contexts, none have focused specifically on logistics and distribution personnel. These workers may be exposed to significant job stress, which potentially increases the risk of CVD. Methods In this study, we aimed to examine the relationship between work-related stress and cardiovascular risk in a sample of 413 healthy workers of a logistics and distribution company. To assess work-related stress and cardiovascular risk, we used the organisational well-being questionnaire proposed by the Italian National Anti-Corruption Authority, the Framingham Heart Study General Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Risk Prediction Score and the WHO General Wellbeing Index (WHO-5). Results Our results revealed that individuals with low job support had a significantly higher CVD risk score and lower well-being index than those reporting high job support. Furthermore, workers with high-stress tasks showed higher well-being index scores than those with passive tasks. Approximately 58% of the subjects were classified as low CVD risk (CVD risk <10%), approximately 31% were classified as moderate risk (CVD risk between 10 and 20%) and 11% were considered high risk (CVD risk >20%). The overall median CVD risk for the population was moderate (6.9%), with individual scores ranging from 1 to 58%. Discussion Further analyses confirmed the protective effect of work support, also identifying physical inactivity, regular alcohol consumption and low educational level as factors contributing to an increased risk of CVD. Interestingly, factors such as job control and work support demonstrated a positive impact on psychological well-being. These results emphasise the importance of intervention strategies aimed at promoting health in the workplace. By addressing these combined factors, organisations can effectively reduce the risk of CVD and improve the general well-being of their workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ginevra Malta
- PROMISE Department, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | | | - Daniela Martorana
- Department of Orthopedics, Hospital Company ‘Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello’, Palermo, Italy
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16
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Phababpha S, Sri-amad R, Huipao N, Sriwannawit P, Roengrit T. Daily Step Count and its Association with Arterial Stiffness Parameters in Older Adults. Ann Geriatr Med Res 2024; 28:101-109. [PMID: 38350695 PMCID: PMC10982445 DOI: 10.4235/agmr.23.0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Daily step count is a simple parameter for assessing physical activity. However, the potential advantages of setting daily step goals below the traditional 10,000-step threshold remain unclear. The cross-sectional study aimed to determine the relationship between daily step counts and arterial stiffness outcomes in older individuals. METHODS Forty-eight older adults recorded their daily step counts over a 7-day period using a pedometer. The participants were classified into two groups based on their daily step count: Group 1 (n = 28) consisted of individuals taking fewer than 5000 steps per day, while Group 2 (n = 20) included those who recorded 5,000 to 9,999 steps per day. To evaluate arterial stiffness parameters, we measured pulse wave velocity (PWV), cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), and ankle-brachial index (ABI). Hemodynamic and biochemical parameters were also determined. RESULTS Participants who accumulated fewer daily steps exhibited higher PWV compared to each group. An inverse association was observed between average steps per day and PWV. However, no significant differences were found between daily step counts and CAVI or ABI. CONCLUSION Conclusions: As individuals increase their daily step count, they may experience a reduction in arterial stiffness. Consequently, the assessment of daily steps has benefits for enhancing vascular health and overall well-being among older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suphawadee Phababpha
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Ruchada Sri-amad
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nawiya Huipao
- Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Porraporn Sriwannawit
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Thapanee Roengrit
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand
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17
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Qu C, Liao S, Zhang J, Cao H, Zhang H, Zhang N, Yan L, Cui G, Luo P, Zhang Q, Cheng Q. Burden of cardiovascular disease among elderly: based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. QUALITY OF CARE & CLINICAL OUTCOMES 2024; 10:143-153. [PMID: 37296238 PMCID: PMC10904724 DOI: 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcad033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden of elderly cardiovascular disease (CVD) has received increasing attention with population ageing worldwide. AIMS We reported on the global CVD burden in elderly individuals over 70, 1990-2019. METHODS AND RESULTS Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, elderly CVD burden data were analysed. Temporal burden trends were analysed with the joinpoint model. The slope index and concentration index were used to evaluate health inequality. From 1990 to 2019, the global elderly CVD incidence, prevalence, death, and disability-adjusted life year rates generally decreased. However, the current burden remains high. The rapid growth in burden in parts of sub-Saharan Africa and Asia is a cause for concern. Countries with a higher socio-demographic index (SDI) have generally seen a greater decrease in burden, while countries with a lower SDI have generally experienced increases or smaller declines in burden. Health inequality analysis confirmed that the burden was gradually concentrating towards countries with a low SDI. Among the different CVDs, ischaemic heart disease causes the greatest burden in elderly individuals. Most CVD burdens increase with age, but stroke and peripheral vascular disease show markedly different distributional characteristics. In addition, the burden of hypertensive heart disease shows an unusual shift towards high-SDI countries. High systolic blood pressure was consistently the leading risk factor for CVD among elderly individuals. CONCLUSION The burden of CVD in older people remains severe and generally tends to shift to lower-SDI countries. Policymakers need to take targeted measures to reduce its harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunrun Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sheng Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jingdan Zhang
- XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province (The Second People's Hospital of Hunan Province), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Luzhe Yan
- XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gaoyuan Cui
- XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingwei Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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18
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Zhang Y, Liu X. Effects of physical activity and sedentary behaviors on cardiovascular disease and the risk of all-cause mortality in overweight or obese middle-aged and older adults. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1302783. [PMID: 38410660 PMCID: PMC10894908 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1302783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to respectively explore the relationships between physical activity and sedentary behaviors and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality risk in overweight/obese middle-aged and older patients, and also assess the interaction between physical activity and sedentary behaviors. Methods Data of middle-aged and older adults with body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) database in 2007-2018 in this retrospective cohort study. Weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to explore the associations between physical activity and sedentary behaviors and CVDs; weighted univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to explore the relationships between physical activity and sedentary behaviors with the risk of all-cause mortality. The interaction effect between physical activity and sedentary behaviors on CVD and all-cause mortality was also assessed. We further explored this interaction effect in subgroups of age and BMI. The evaluation indexes were odds ratios (ORs), hazard ratios (HRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Among 13,699 eligible patients, 1,947 had CVD, and 1,560 died from all-cause mortality. After adjusting for covariates, patients who had high sedentary time seemed to have both high odds of CVD [OR = 1.24, 95% CI: (1.06-1.44)] and a high risk of all-cause mortality [HR = 1.20, 95% CI: (1.06-1.37)]. Furthermore, being insufficiently active was linked to high odds of CVD [OR = 1.24, 95% CI: (1.05-1.46)] as well as a high risk of all-cause mortality [HR = 1.32, 95% CI: (1.15-1.51)]. High sedentary time and being insufficiently active had an interaction effect on both high odds of CVD [OR = 1.44, 95% CI: (1.20-1.73)] and high risk of all-cause mortality [HR = 1.48, 95% CI: (1.24-1.76)]. Individuals of different ages with/without obesity need to focus on the potential CVD/mortality risk of high sedentary time and low physical activity (all P < 0.05). Conclusion Reducing sedentary time combined with increasing physical activity may benefit health by reducing both the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality in overweight or obese middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hejiang People's Hospital, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Lincang, Lincang, Yunnan, China
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Wollesen B, Herden M, Lamberti N, Giannaki CD. Defining and reporting exercise intensity in interventions for older adults: a modified Delphi process. Eur Rev Aging Phys Act 2024; 21:3. [PMID: 38302886 PMCID: PMC10835929 DOI: 10.1186/s11556-024-00337-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many exercise studies, including older adults, do not report all relevant exercise characteristics. Especially the description of exercise intensity is missing and mostly not controlled. This leads to difficulties in interpreting study results and summarizing the evidence in systematic reviews or meta-analyses. Therefore, the aim of the present Delphi study was to gain recommendations about the categorization of exercise intensity and for the conducting and reporting of characteristics in future intervention studies with older adults by experts in exercise science and physiology. METHODS Two hundred ninety-seven international interdisciplinary participants from an EU COST action were invited to participate in three rounds of online questionnaires in April/May 2023. Up to N = 93 experts participated in each round. Round 1 included open-ended questions to solicit possible recommendations and categorizations for light, moderate, vigorous, and high intensity. In round 2, the experts rated their agreement using Likert scales (1-10) on the revealed categories and recommendations. Clusters with a higher average rating of M = 8.0 were summarized into round 3. In the final round, the results were presented for a final rating of agreement (based on a simple majority > 50%). RESULTS In round 1 a total of 416 qualitative statements were provided from thirteen questions. From round 1 to round 3, a total of 38 items were excluded, with 205 items retained for the final consensus. In round three 37 participants completed the whole questionnaire. The experts showed overall agreement on the final categorizations with 6.7 to 8.8 out of 10 points on the Likert scale. They also showed broad consensus on the relevance of reporting exercise intensity and the recommendations for future conducting and reporting of study results. However, exercise types such as yoga, balance, and coordination training led to conflicting results for categorization into light or moderate. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS The results of the current survey can be used to classify the intensity of exercise and suggest a practical approach that can be adopted by the scientific community and applied when conducting systematic reviews and meta-analysis articles when vital and objective information regarding exercise intensity is lacking from the original article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Wollesen
- Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Mona Herden
- Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Lamberti
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Christoforos D Giannaki
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
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20
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Perswani P, Ismail SM, Mumtaz H, Uddin N, Asfand M, Khalil ABB, Ijlal A, Khan SE, Usman M, Younas H, Rai A. Rethinking HDL-C: An In-Depth Narrative Review of Its Role in Cardiovascular Health. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102152. [PMID: 37852560 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The interplay between HDL-C and LDL levels are closely intertwined with the cardiovascular system. High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) is a well-known biomarker traditionally being interpreted as higher the HDL-C levels, minimal the risk of adverse cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes. However, recent research has unveiled a more complex relationship between HDL-C levels and cardiovascular outcomes, including genetic influences and potential risks associated with extremely high HDL-C levels. Intriguingly, extremely high HDL-C levels have been linked to unexpected cardiovascular risks. Up To date research suggests that individuals with genetically linked ultra-high HDL-C levels may depict an increased susceptibility to CVD, challenging the conventional realm that higher HDL-C is always beneficial. The mechanisms underlying this mystery are not fully understood but may involve HDL particle functionality and composition. In a nutshell, the relationship between HDL-C levels and cardiovascular outcomes is multifactorial. While low HDL-C remains a recognized risk factor for CVD, the genetic determinants of HDL-C levels add complexity to this association. Furthermore, extremely high HDL-C levels may not exhibit the expected protective benefits and may even pose unprecedented cardiovascular risks. A comprehensive understanding of these dynamics is essential for advancing our knowledge of CVD risk assessment and developing targeted therapeutic interventions. Further studies are needed to unravel the intricacies of HDL-C's role in cardiovascular health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hassan Mumtaz
- Care Coordinator: Association for Social Development, Islamabad, Pakistan; International Practitioner: Faculty of Public Health UK.
| | - Naseer Uddin
- Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | | | | | - Aisha Ijlal
- South City Institute of physical therapy and rehabilitation, Karachi.
| | - Shaheer Ellahi Khan
- Associate Professor of Public Health: Health services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan; Adjunct Professor: Dala Lana School Of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada.
| | | | - Hadia Younas
- Services institute of medical Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Anushree Rai
- Govt. Chhattisgarh institute of Medical sciences, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India.
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Salama-Frisbie R, Molina-Flores CA, Urraza-Robledo AI, Gutiérrez-Pérez ME, Miranda-Pérez AA, Gutiérrez-Salas AA, Haro-Santa Cruz J, López-Márquez FC. Association of Polymorphisms of the IL-17A and IL-17F Genes with Increased Risk of Hypertension and Obesity in Mexican Patients with COVID-19. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2024; 44:60-67. [PMID: 38153389 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2). COVID-19 can cause a cytokine release syndrome in which cytokines, including interleukin 17 (IL-17), are massively secreted in response to a specific stimulus. This can contribute to mortality and severe forms of COVID-19. The study aimed to determine the association of SARS-CoV2 infection with the IL-17A rs2275913 and IL-17F rs763780 variants, as well as with the associated comorbidities in COVID-19-positive Mexican patients. The study included 178 patients positive to COVID-19 and 177 COVID-19 negative subjects. For genotyping, the samples were amplified with a TaqMan® probe. There was no association between the AA genotype and A allele of IL-17A variant or the IL-17F C allele with the presence of COVID-19. In regard to comorbidities, a statistically significant association was found between IL-17A rs2275913 AA genotype and hypertension, as well as with the presence of obesity (P = 0.003, OR 23, 95% CI: 2.97-178.092 and P = 0.025, OR 28, 95% CI: 1.52-178.029, respectively) in patients with COVID-19. In conclusion, rs2275913 IL-17A polymorphism in COVID-19 patients seems to confer a higher susceptibility to the presence of hypertension and obesity, increasing the risk of premature cardiovascular disease in this population. However, more studies should be conducted for a better understanding of their relation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - María E Gutiérrez-Pérez
- Immunology Department, Biomedical Research Center, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Torreón, Mexico
| | - Alberto A Miranda-Pérez
- Immunology Department, Biomedical Research Center, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Torreón, Mexico
| | | | - Jorge Haro-Santa Cruz
- Immunology Department, Biomedical Research Center, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Torreón, Mexico
| | - Francisco C López-Márquez
- Immunology Department, Biomedical Research Center, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Torreón, Mexico
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22
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Hu Y, Xu S. Association between Parkinson's disease and the risk of adverse cardiovascular events: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1284826. [PMID: 38144366 PMCID: PMC10748497 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1284826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This review aims to examine the association of Parkinson's disease (PD) with the increased risk of cardiovascular events. Methods PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, and Scopus databases were electronically searched for papers published up to 5 May 2023. Studies reporting the association between PD and the subsequent risks of stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), and cardiovascular mortality were included. Results Sixteen studies were included in this review. The clinical data of 101,712 PD patients were compared with that of the control group of 204,901 patients without PD in the included studies. Meta-analysis showed that PD patients had an increased risk of stroke compared with patients without PD (odds ratio (OR): 1.49; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.30, 1.72; I2 = 76%). The pooled analysis demonstrated no significant increase in the risk of MI (OR: 1.16; 95% CI: 0.85, 1.59; I2 = 82%) and cardiovascular mortality (OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 0.93, 1.54; I2 = 65%) in PD patients. However, data from cohort studies indicated a possibility of higher risk of MI (OR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.84; I2 = 80%) and cardiovascular mortality (OR: 1.22; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.60; I2 = 62%) in patients with PD. Conclusion Patients with PD may have an increased risk of stroke as compared with the age- and gender-matched general population. While our results show that PD does not increase the overall risk of MI and cardiovascular mortality, analysis of cohort studies alone demonstrated that these risks may be higher in patients with PD. The current evidence is of very low quality. Further prospective cohort studies from different countries that would account for important cardiovascular risk factors are needed to improve the current evidence. Systematic Review Registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, PROSPERO (CRD42023421924).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shanxia Xu
- Department of Neurology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of HuZhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China
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23
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Shariati L, Esmaeili Y, Rahimmanesh I, Babolmorad S, Ziaei G, Hasan A, Boshtam M, Makvandi P. Advances in nanobased platforms for cardiovascular diseases: Early diagnosis, imaging, treatment, and tissue engineering. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:116933. [PMID: 37652218 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) present a significant threat to health, with traditional therapeutics based treatment being hindered by inefficiencies, limited biological effects, and resistance to conventional drug. Addressing these challenges requires advanced approaches for early disease diagnosis and therapy. Nanotechnology and nanomedicine have emerged as promising avenues for personalized CVD diagnosis and treatment through theranostic agents. Nanoparticles serve as nanodevices or nanocarriers, efficiently transporting drugs to injury sites. These nanocarriers offer the potential for precise drug and gene delivery, overcoming issues like bioavailability and solubility. By attaching specific target molecules to nanoparticle surfaces, controlled drug release to targeted areas becomes feasible. In the field of cardiology, nanoplatforms have gained popularity due to their attributes, such as passive or active targeting of cardiac tissues, enhanced sensitivity and specificity, and easy penetration into heart and artery tissues due to their small size. However, concerns persist about the immunogenicity and cytotoxicity of nanomaterials, necessitating careful consideration. Nanoparticles also hold promise for CVD diagnosis and imaging, enabling straightforward diagnostic procedures and real-time tracking during therapy. Nanotechnology has revolutionized cardiovascular imaging, yielding multimodal and multifunctional vehicles that outperform traditional methods. The paper provides an overview of nanomaterial delivery routes, targeting techniques, and recent advances in treating, diagnosing, and engineering tissues for CVDs. It also discusses the future potential of nanomaterials in CVDs, including theranostics, aiming to enhance cardiovascular treatment in clinical practice. Ultimately, refining nanocarriers and delivery methods has the potential to enhance treatment effectiveness, minimize side effects, and improve patients' well-being and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Shariati
- Department of Biomaterials, Nanotechnology, and Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Yasaman Esmaeili
- Biosensor Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ilnaz Rahimmanesh
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Babolmorad
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazal Ziaei
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, 2713, Qatar
| | - Maryam Boshtam
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- The Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital, Quzhou, 324000, Zhejiang, China; School of Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JL, UK.
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24
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Nomali M, Khalili D, Yaseri M, Mansournia MA, Ayati A, Navid H, Nedjat S. Validity of the models predicting 10-year risk of cardiovascular diseases in Asia: A systematic review and prediction model meta-analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292396. [PMID: 38032893 PMCID: PMC10688732 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to review the validity of existing prediction models for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in Asia. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we included studies that validated prediction models for CVD risk in the general population in Asia. Various databases, including PubMed, Web of Science conference proceedings citation index, Scopus, Global Index Medicus of the World Health Organization (WHO), and Open Access Thesis and Dissertations (OATD), were searched up to November 2022. Additional studies were identified through reference lists and related reviews. The risk of bias was assessed using the PROBAST prediction model risk of bias assessment tool. Meta-analyses were performed using the random effects model, focusing on the C-statistic as a discrimination index and the observed-to-expected ratio (OE) as a calibration index. Out of 1315 initial records, 16 studies were included, with 21 external validations of six models in Asia. The validated models consisted of Framingham models, pooled cohort equations (PCEs), SCORE, Globorisk, and WHO models, combined with the results of the first four models. The pooled C-statistic for men ranged from 0.72 (95% CI 0.70 to 0.75; PCEs) to 0.76 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.78; Framingham general CVD). In women, it varied from 0.74 (95% CI 0.22 to 0.97; SCORE) to 0.79 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.83; Framingham general CVD). The pooled OE ratio for men ranged from 0.21 (95% CI 0.018 to 2.49; Framingham CHD) to 1.11 (95%CI 0.65 to 1.89; PCEs). In women, it varied from 0.28 (95%CI 0.33 to 2.33; Framingham CHD) to 1.81 (95% CI 0.90 to 3.64; PCEs). The Framingham, PCEs, and SCORE models exhibited acceptable discrimination but poor calibration in predicting the 10-year risk of CVDs in Asia. Recalibration and updates are necessary before implementing these models in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahin Nomali
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Khalili
- Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Mansournia
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aryan Ayati
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Navid
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saharnaz Nedjat
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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25
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Wójcik M, Bordoni B, Siatkowski I, Żekanowska E. The Effect of Craniosacral Therapy on Blood Levels of Stress Hormones in Male Firefighter Cadets: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:914. [PMID: 37998661 PMCID: PMC10669461 DOI: 10.3390/bs13110914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Fire department cadets preparing to become firefighters and paramedics experience high levels of stress when participating in incidents like traffic accidents and fires. Stress adversely affects health, and coping with it proves difficult. Unfortunately, there is no single method that reduces stress completely in humans. One non-invasive method for lowering stress hormone levels is craniosacral therapy. (2) Methods: Fifty-seven firefighting cadets aged 18-24 years (21.63 ± 1.41) participated in the study. They were randomly assigned to either a test group or a control group. Participants' blood levels of cortisol and CRH (corticotropin-releasing hormone) were assessed before and after the study. The study group underwent 5-week craniosacral therapy (1× per week). (3) Results: The Kruskal-Wallis test showed that the therapy group's results were statistically significant for CRH values (p-value = 0.00067) and for cortisol values (p-value ≤ 0.0001). Wilxocon and Dunn tests showed statistical significance for cortisol after CS therapy between the control and study groups (p = 0.0377), and for CRH between the control and study groups before (p = 0.00634) and after the study (p = 0.000887), and in the study group before and after the study (p = 0.0101). (4) Conclusions: The application of craniosacral therapy reduced stress hormone levels in male firefighter cadets. The results indicate that craniosacral therapy (five sessions, one per week) has an effect on the reduction of stress hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Wójcik
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Sport Sciences in Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poznan University of Physical Education, 61-871 Poznan, Poland
| | - Bruno Bordoni
- Department of Cardiology, Foundation Don Carlo Gnocchi IRCCS, Institute of Hospitalization and Care, 20100 Milan, Italy;
| | - Idzi Siatkowski
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznan University of Life Science, 60-637 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Ewa Żekanowska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
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26
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Fan YY, Chu C, Zhang YT, Zhao K, Liang LX, Huang JW, Zhou JX, Guo LH, Wu LY, Lin LZ, Liu RQ, Feng W, Dong GH, Zhao X. Environmental pollutant pre- and polyfluoroalkyl substances are associated with electrocardiogram parameters disorder in adults. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131832. [PMID: 37336106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollutants exposure might disrupt cardiac function, but evidence about the associations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) exposure and cardiac conduction system remains sparse. To explore the associations between serum PFASs exposure and electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters changes in adults, we recruited 1229 participants (mean age: 55.1 years) from communities of Guangzhou, China. 13 serum PFASs with detection rate > 85% were analyzed finally. We selected 6 ECG parameters [heart rate (HR), PR interval, QRS duration, Bazett heart rate-corrected QT interval (QTc), QRS electric axis and RV5 + SV1 voltage] as outcomes. Generalized linear models (GLMs) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model were conducted to explore the associations of individual and joint PFASs exposure and ECG parameters changes, respectively. We detected significant associations of PFASs exposure with decreased HR, QRS duration, but with increased PR interval. For example, at the 95th percentile of 6:2 Cl-PFESA, HR and QRS duration were - 6.98 [95% confidence interval (CI): - 9.07, - 4.90] and - 6.54(95% CI: -9.05, -4.03) lower, but PR interval was 7.35 (95% CI: 3.52, 11.17) longer than those at the 25th percentile. Similarly, significant joint associations were observed in HR, PR interval and QRS duration when analyzed by BKMR model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chu Chu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Department of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yun-Ting Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Kun Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Li-Xia Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jing-Wen Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jia-Xin Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Li-Hao Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Lu-Yin Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Li-Zi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ru-Qing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wenru Feng
- Department of Environmental Health, Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Xiaomiao Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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27
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Saputra J, Lawrencya C, Saini JM, Suharjito S. Hyperparameter optimization for cardiovascular disease data-driven prognostic system. Vis Comput Ind Biomed Art 2023; 6:16. [PMID: 37524951 PMCID: PMC10390457 DOI: 10.1186/s42492-023-00143-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Prediction and diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) based, among other things, on medical examinations and patient symptoms are the biggest challenges in medicine. About 17.9 million people die from CVDs annually, accounting for 31% of all deaths worldwide. With a timely prognosis and thorough consideration of the patient's medical history and lifestyle, it is possible to predict CVDs and take preventive measures to eliminate or control this life-threatening disease. In this study, we used various patient datasets from a major hospital in the United States as prognostic factors for CVD. The data was obtained by monitoring a total of 918 patients whose criteria for adults were 28-77 years old. In this study, we present a data mining modeling approach to analyze the performance, classification accuracy and number of clusters on Cardiovascular Disease Prognostic datasets in unsupervised machine learning (ML) using the Orange data mining software. Various techniques are then used to classify the model parameters, such as k-nearest neighbors, support vector machine, random forest, artificial neural network (ANN), naïve bayes, logistic regression, stochastic gradient descent (SGD), and AdaBoost. To determine the number of clusters, various unsupervised ML clustering methods were used, such as k-means, hierarchical, and density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise clustering. The results showed that the best model performance analysis and classification accuracy were SGD and ANN, both of which had a high score of 0.900 on Cardiovascular Disease Prognostic datasets. Based on the results of most clustering methods, such as k-means and hierarchical clustering, Cardiovascular Disease Prognostic datasets can be divided into two clusters. The prognostic accuracy of CVD depends on the accuracy of the proposed model in determining the diagnostic model. The more accurate the model, the better it can predict which patients are at risk for CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayson Saputra
- Industrial Engineering Department, BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Industrial Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta 11480, Indonesia.
| | - Cindy Lawrencya
- Industrial Engineering Department, BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Industrial Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta 11480, Indonesia
| | - Jecky Mitra Saini
- Industrial Engineering Department, BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Industrial Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta 11480, Indonesia
| | - Suharjito Suharjito
- Industrial Engineering Department, BINUS Graduate Program - Master of Industrial Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta 11480, Indonesia
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28
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Zaghini F, Biagioli V, Fiorini J, Piredda M, Moons P, Sili A. Work-related stress, job satisfaction, and quality of work life among cardiovascular nurses in Italy: Structural equation modeling. Appl Nurs Res 2023; 72:151703. [PMID: 37423684 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnr.2023.151703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the simultaneous effects of work-related stress and job satisfaction on cardiovascular nurses' quality of work life. BACKGROUND Prior research has investigated nurses' work-related stress, job satisfaction, and quality of work life as separate aspects and not in specific nursing settings, such as cardiovascular wards. Cardiovascular care settings can be particularly stressful for nurses, who are often faced with distress, depression and patients and caregivers' physical and psychological exhaustion. METHODS A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted among 1126 cardiovascular nurses from 10 hospitals in Italy. Work-related stress, job satisfaction, and quality of work life were measured using valid and reliable questionnaires. Structural equation modeling was performed. RESULTS Nurses working in critical cardiac care units experienced more stress than their colleagues working in other cardiac units. Nurses working in cardiac outpatient clinics reported lower quality of work life than those working in other cardiac settings. There was a negative relationship between work-related stress and nurses' quality of work life, which was partially mediated by job satisfaction, indicating that stress generated by the work environment negatively affect nurses' quality of work life by reducing their job satisfaction. CONCLUSION Cardiovascular nurses' quality of work life is negatively affected by work-related stress. The work-related stress is mediated through job satisfaction. Nurse managers should maximize nurses' job satisfaction by providing comfort at work, supporting professional development opportunities, sharing organizational objectives, and actively listening and addressing nurses' concerns. When cardiovascular nurses' quality of work life is elevated, patients' care quality and outcomes are improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Zaghini
- Department of Nursing Professions, University Hospital of Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford, 81, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Biagioli
- Department of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Jacopo Fiorini
- Department of Nursing Professions, University Hospital of Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford, 81, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Michela Piredda
- Research Unit Nursing Science, Campus Bio-Medico di Roma University, Via Álvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Philip Moons
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35 PB 7001, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alessandro Sili
- Department of Nursing Professions, University Hospital of Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford, 81, 00133 Rome, Italy
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29
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Marques GS, Almeida AM, Gomes IC, Silva MRBD, Rezende BA. Primary care in supplementary health: assessment of costs in the care of older adult patients with heart diseases. Rev Bras Enferm 2023; 76:e20220486. [PMID: 37436234 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to identify whether implementing a supplementary Primary Health Care (PHC) system makes it possible to reduce care costs for older adults with heart diseases. METHODS a retrospective cohort of 223 patients with heart disease aged ≥ 60 years. Data were obtained from medical records and cost databases, assessed for a period of one year before and after PHC implementation. The results were expressed as mean absolute frequencies for number of hospitalizations and as average annual expenses expressed in dollars (US$) in relation to cost data. RESULTS there was a reduction in hospitalization expenses after implementing supplementary PHC (p=0.01) and a decrease in the frequency of hospitalizations for the entire sample (p=0.006). There was a reduction in the frequency of consultations at the Emergency Room among frail older adults (p=0.011). CONCLUSIONS there was a reduction in hospitalization costs and frequency of visits to the Emergency Room after supplementary PHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geórgia Silva Marques
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas. Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Fundação São Francisco Xavier. Ipatinga, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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30
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Lee J, Suk MH, Yoo S, Kwon JY. The Decline of Physical Activity with Age in School-Aged Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Observational Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4548. [PMID: 37445582 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining physical activity is important for children with cerebral palsy (CP). This study examined whether age predicted habitual physical activity (HPA) or cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in school-aged children with CP and clarified the relationship between HPA and CRF. We utilized cross-sectional data from 39 children with CP (18 girls and 21 boys; mean age 7.44 years; mean body weight 24.76 kg; mean body mass index 15.97 kg/m2; hemiplegic or diplegic CP). The participants wore an accelerometer (ActiGraph) for five days to measure HPA, physical activity energy expenditure (kcal/kg/d), sedentary physical activity (%SPA), light physical activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (%MVPA), and activity counts (counts/min). Participants underwent cardiopulmonary exercise tests on a treadmill using a modified Naughton protocol. Linear regression and correlation analyses were performed. p-value (two-tailed) < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Age was positively associated with SPA. MVPA negatively correlated with resting heart rate (HR), and activity counts were negatively correlated with resting HR. In conclusion, our study found strong evidence of a negative association between HPA and age in school-aged children with CP. It highlights the importance of creating and improving recreational opportunities that promote physical activity in all children with CP, regardless of whether they are considered therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinuk Lee
- Department of Physical & Rehabilitation Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hwa Suk
- Department of Physical Education, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojin Yoo
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Texas, Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA
| | - Jeong-Yi Kwon
- Department of Physical & Rehabilitation Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
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Costantino C, Casuccio A, Belluzzo M, Balsamo F, Bonaccorso N, Carubia A, D’Azzo L, Gattuso L, Lo Porto MC, Sciortino M, Vitello T, Tabacchi G, Vitale F, Mazzucco W. Knowledge and adherence to the Mediterranean diet in individuals practicing regular amatorial physical activity: a cross-sectional study conducted in the Metropolitan Area of Palermo, Italy. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1204155. [PMID: 37427285 PMCID: PMC10326436 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1204155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mediterranean Diet (MD) is a universal model of nutrition that prevents several metabolic, cardiovascular, and oncological diseases. Main objective of the present study was to analyze adherence and knowledge regarding MD principles in a sample of individuals practicing amatorial sports from the Metropolitan Area of Palermo. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 Sports Centers, between October 2020 and September 2021, through a previously validated anonymous questionnaire structured in five sections including 74 items. Results Overall, 337 subjects answered to the questionnaire. Based on the multivariable analysis conducted, a higher knowledge score (KS) on MD principles was observed among individuals daily consuming vegetables (OR: 3.32; CI95%: 1.82-6.02) and in the ones more adherent to MD principles (OR: 10.15; CI95%:5.47-18.85). More in depth, using MEDAS score to analyze the adherence to MD, a significant lower adherence was observed among overweight/obese (OR: 0.57; CI95%:0.33-0.99) and among employed subjects (OR: 0.52; IC95%: 0.28-0.98); while, a higher adherence was highlighted among daily consumers of vegetables (OR: 2.52; CI95%:1.52-4.17), daily consumers of fruit (OR: 1.77; CI95%:1.08-2.90), and in individuals that have daily breakfast (OR: 4.29; CI95%:1.15-15.96). Discussion In accordance with the WHO Europe Gaining Health Campaign, Public Health Authorities should simplify accessibility to healthy food among general population, promoting principles and accessibility to MD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Costantino
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Casuccio
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Miriam Belluzzo
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Balsamo
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Nicole Bonaccorso
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Carubia
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luciano D’Azzo
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luisa Gattuso
- Emergency Medicine Department, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Lo Porto
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Martina Sciortino
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Tania Vitello
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Garden Tabacchi
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Vitale
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Walter Mazzucco
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE) “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Yong KH, Teo YN, Azadbakht M, Phung H, Chu C. The Scorching Truth: Investigating the Impact of Heatwaves on Selangor's Elderly Hospitalisations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20105910. [PMID: 37239636 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20105910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change has contributed to the intensity, frequency, and duration of heatwave events. The association between heatwaves and elderly mortality is highly researched in developed countries. In contrast, heatwave impact on hospital admissions has been insufficiently studied worldwide due to data availability and sensitivity. In our opinion, the relationship between heatwaves and hospital admissions is worthwhile to explore as it could have a profound impact on healthcare systems. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the associations between heatwaves and hospitalisations for the elderly by age group in Selangor, Malaysia, from 2010 to 2020. We further explored the impact of heatwaves on the risks of cause-specific hospital admissions across age groups within the elderly. This study applied generalized additive models (GAMs) with the Poisson family and distributed lag models (DLMs) to estimate the effect of heatwaves on hospitalisations. According to the findings, there was no significant increase in hospitalisations for those aged 60 and older during heatwaves; however, a rise in mean apparent temperature (ATmean) by 1 °C significantly increased the risk of hospital admission by 12.9%. Heatwaves had no immediate effects on hospital admissions among elderly patients, but significant delay effects were identified for ATmean with a lag of 0-3 days. The hospital admission rates of the elderly groups started declining after a 5-day average following the heatwave event. Females were found to be relatively more vulnerable than males during heatwave periods. Consequently, these results can provide a reference to improve public health strategies to target elderly people who are at the greatest risk of hospitalisations due to heatwaves. Development of early heatwave and health warning systems for the elderly would assist with preventing and reducing health risks while also minimising the burden on the whole hospital system in Selangor, Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Hing Yong
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Yen Nee Teo
- Institute of Malaysian and International Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohsen Azadbakht
- Department of Infrastructure Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Hai Phung
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Cordia Chu
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia
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Wang L, Lei J, Wang R, Li K. Non-Traditional Risk Factors as Contributors to Cardiovascular Disease. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2023; 24:134. [PMID: 39076735 PMCID: PMC11273054 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2405134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains one of the primary causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Classic cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), hyperlipidemia, and smoking, have been well identified and given increased attention in clinical practice. However, the incidence and prevalence of CVD remains high, especially in developing countries. Therefore, there has been more attention to non-traditional CVD risk factors such as gut microbiota, sleep disorders, dietary structure, and psychosocial factors in their important roles in the development of CVD. In this review we summarize the association of non-traditional risk factors with CVD with the aim of further reducing the risk of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei Yanda Hospital, 065201 Langfang, Hebei, China
| | - Jingshu Lei
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei Yanda Hospital, 065201 Langfang, Hebei, China
| | - Ruiying Wang
- Department of Hematology, Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, 065201 Langfang, Hebei, China
| | - Kuibao Li
- Department of Cardiology, Hebei Yanda Hospital, 065201 Langfang, Hebei, China
- Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100016 Beijing, China
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Nugraheni WP, Retnaningsih E, Mubasyiroh R, Rachmawati T. Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular disease financing in Indonesia (JKN claims data analysis 2019–2020). Front Public Health 2023; 11:1148394. [PMID: 37064689 PMCID: PMC10102516 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1148394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The disease burden related to non-communicable diseases is a major public health problem in Indonesia. About one-third of all deaths in Indonesia are caused by cardiovascular disease. This study describes the cost of cardiovascular disease from claims data for Advanced Referral Health Facilities at BPJS Kesehatan before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed claims data on the National Health Insurance system managed by BPJS. The data comes from referral health facilities throughout Indonesia in 2019 and 2020. Cardiovascular service claims data by sex and age group were analyzed descriptively and with different tests between years. There was a decrease in the number of patients accessing cardiovascular services at referral health facilities for all genders, age groups, and types of main diagnoses, by around 27.8%, from 933,017 (2019) to 673,801 (2020). There was a significant decrease in total claims for all types of cardiovascular disease during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before, especially the reduction in aneurysms and aortic dissection (40.2%) and hypertensive heart disease (39.6%). The decline also occurred in all sexes and age groups, with an average percentage decline of 31.2%. Our findings show that the reduction in the cost of cardiovascular disease claims goes hand in hand with the decrease in the number of cardiovascular patient visits. To guarantee treatment for cardiovascular disease patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, BPJS can maximize the telemedicine services that have been built. The organizer of the National Health Insurance program in Indonesia has developed a JKN mobile application that has the potential for telemedicine services guaranteed by JKN. On the other hand, BPJS needs to limit promotive and preventive budgets related to CVD so that it does not become a potential catastrophic financing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wahyu Pudji Nugraheni
- Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Ekowati Retnaningsih
- Regional Research and Development Agency South Sumatra Province, Palembang, Indonesia
- *Correspondence: Ekowati Retnaningsih
| | - Rofingatul Mubasyiroh
- Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Tety Rachmawati
- Research Center for Public Health and Nutrition, Research Organization for Health, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor, Indonesia
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Kraus L, Beavens B. The Current Therapeutic Role of Chromatin Remodeling for the Prognosis and Treatment of Heart Failure. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020579. [PMID: 36831115 PMCID: PMC9953583 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a major cause of death globally, with no cure to date. Many interventions have been studied and suggested, of which epigenetics and chromatin remodeling have been the most promising. Over the last decade, major advancements have been made in the field of chromatin remodeling, particularly for the treatment of heart failure, because of innovations in bioinformatics and gene therapy. Specifically, understanding changes to the chromatin architecture have been shown to alter cardiac disease progression via variations in genomic sequencing, targeting cardiac genes, using RNA molecules, and utilizing chromatin remodeler complexes. By understanding these chromatin remodeling mechanisms in an injured heart, treatments for heart failure have been suggested through individualized pharmaceutical interventions as well as biomarkers for major disease states. By understanding the current roles of chromatin remodeling in heart failure, a potential therapeutic approach may be discovered in the future.
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Li Y, Cao GY, Jing WZ, Liu J, Liu M. Global trends and regional differences in incidence and mortality of cardiovascular disease, 1990-2019: findings from 2019 global burden of disease study. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2023; 30:276-286. [PMID: 36458973 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and is linked with a regional economic burden. We analysed and compared global trends as well as regional and sociodemographic differences in CVD incidence and mortality. METHODS AND RESULTS We obtained data to annual incident cases, deaths, age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs), and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) of CVD during 1990-2019 from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study. To quantify the temporal trends, we calculated changes in the incident cases and deaths as well as the estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) of age-standardized rates. Globally, CVD incident cases increased by 77.12% from 31.31 million in 1990 to 55.45 million in 2019; deaths rose by 53.81% from 12.07 million in 1990 to 18.56 million in 2019. The overall ASIR [EAPC, -0.56; 95% confidence interval (CI), -0.59 to -0.53] and ASMR (EAPC, -1.46; 95%CI, -1.51 to -1.40) decreased in this period. Against the global trend of ASIR falling, an increasing trend was found in Uzbekistan (EAPC, 1.24; 95%CI, 0.97-1.50), Tajikistan (EAPC, 0.49; 95%CI, 0.47-0.52), and Zimbabwe (EAPC, 0.42; 95%CI, 0.33-0.50). The number of CVD incident cases increased remarkably in low (108.3%), low-middle (114.81%), and middle (117.85%) sociodemographic index regions in 1990-2019. CONCLUSION Despite the increased number of CVD cases and deaths after adjusting for changes in population age, we observed a consistent decrease in age-standardized incidence and mortality in most countries. However, specific regions-especially low to middle SDI regions-present worrying increases in CVD cases and deaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, 2 An Zhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Gui-Ying Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wen-Zhan Jing
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
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Behavioral and Metabolic Risk Factors for Noncommunicable Diseases among Population in the Republic of Srpska (Bosnia and Herzegovina). Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11040483. [PMID: 36833017 PMCID: PMC9957477 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11040483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the major cause of death worldwide, and they are attributable to genetic and physiological determinants, behavioral risk factors and environmental impacts. The aim of this study is to assess behavioral risk factors for metabolic disease using demographic and social-economic aspects of the population characterized by risk factors, and to investigate relations among lifestyle risk factors (alcohol consumption, tobacco use, physical inactivity, intake of vitamins, fruits and vegetables) that are responsible for the majority of NCD deaths in the Republic of Srpska's (RS's) population. This is a cross-sectional study based on the analysis of a survey conducted among 2311 adult (≥18 years) persons (54.0% women, and 46.0% men). The statistical analysis was carried out by using Cramer's V values, clustering, logistic regression (binomial, multinomial and ordinal), a chi-square test and odds ratios. In the case of logistic regression, we provide the prediction accuracy in percentages. A significant statistical correlation between demographic characteristics (gender and age) and risk factors was observed. The highest difference according to gender was observed in alcohol consumption (odds ratio (OR) = 2.705, confidence interval (95% CI) = 2.206-3.317), particularly in frequent consumption (OR = 3.164, 95% CI = 2.664-3.758). The highest prevalence of high blood pressure was registered in the elderly (66.5%); the same holds for hypertension (44.3%). Additionally, physical inactivity was one of the most common risk factors (33.4% physically inactive respondents). A significant presence of risk factors was confirmed among the RS population, with higher involvement of metabolic risk factors among the older population, while the prevalence of behavioral factors was related to younger age groups, particularly in the case of alcohol consumption and smoking. A low level of preventive awareness was observed among the younger population. Therefore, prevention is one of the most important instruments related to decreasing NCD risk factors in the RS population.
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Jaén-Extremera J, Afanador-Restrepo DF, Rivas-Campo Y, Gómez-Rodas A, Aibar-Almazán A, Hita-Contreras F, Carcelén-Fraile MDC, Castellote-Caballero Y, Ortiz-Quesada R. Effectiveness of Telemedicine for Reducing Cardiovascular Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12030841. [PMID: 36769487 PMCID: PMC9917681 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12030841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. There are six cardiovascular risk factors: diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, overweight, sedentary lifestyle and smoking. Due to the low attendance of healthy people in the health system, the use of telemedicine can influence the acquisition of a heart-healthy lifestyle. OBJECTIVE this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the effectiveness of telemedicine and e-health in reducing cardiovascular risk. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out using the PubMed, Scopus, Cinhal and WOS databases. Randomized controlled studies between 2017 and 2022 in which telemedicine was used to reduce any of the risk factors were included. The methodological quality was assessed using the "PEDro" scale. RESULTS In total, 763 studies were obtained; after the review, 28 target articles were selected and finally grouped as follows: 13 studies on diabetes, six on hypertension, seven on obesity and two on physical activity. For all of the risk factors, a small effect of the intervention was seen. CONCLUSIONS although the current evidence is heterogeneous regarding the statistically significant effects of telemedicine on various cardiovascular risk factors, its clinical relevance is undeniable; therefore, its use is recommended as long as the necessary infrastructure exists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Jaén-Extremera
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | | | - Yulieth Rivas-Campo
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, University of San Buenaventura, Santiago de Cali 760016, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Gómez-Rodas
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University Foundation of the Área Andina, Pereira 660004, Colombia
| | - Agustín Aibar-Almazán
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Fidel Hita-Contreras
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | | | | | - Raúl Ortiz-Quesada
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
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Kettinen J, Tikkanen H, Venojärvi M. Comparative effectiveness of playing golf to Nordic walking and walking on acute physiological effects on cardiometabolic markers in healthy older adults: a randomised cross-over study. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2023; 9:e001474. [PMID: 36816424 PMCID: PMC9930551 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2022-001474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The acute effects of aerobic exercise on cardiometabolic markers are well documented in younger healthy individuals, but the same effects in older adults have not been elucidated. As such, this study compares the acute effects of three different types of age-appropriate aerobic exercises on cardiometabolic markers. Methods Healthy older golfers (n=25, 16 male and 9 female, 68±4 years) were enrolled in a randomised cross-over experiment. We compared the effects of three different acute aerobic exercises (18-hole golf, 6 km Nordic walk, 6 km walk) on blood pressure, blood glucose and blood lipid profile in a real-life environment. Results In the between-group comparison, playing golf resulted in a difference in blood glucose (golf: 0.01±1.0 mmol/L, walk: 1.3±0.9 mmol/L, p<0.001) compared with walking and triglycerides (golf: 0.13±0.2 mmol/L, Nordic walk: 0.31±0.2 mmol/L, walk: 0.23±0.2 mmol, p=0.012) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (golf: 0.04±0.06 mmol/L, Nordic walk: -0.02±0.06 mmol/L, walk: -0.02±0.07 mmol/L, p=0.002) compared with Nordic walking and walking. In addition, all groups had significant decreases (p<0.001) in systolic blood pressure, and Nordic walking and walking also demonstrated a decrease in diastolic blood pressure (p<0.05). Conclusion Acute bouts of aerobic exercise improved cardiovascular profile in healthy older adults. Despite the lower exercise intensity of golf, the longer duration and higher energy expenditure appeared to have a more positive effect on lipid profile and glucose metabolism compared with Nordic walking and walking. Trial registration number ISRCTN10007294.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Kettinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sports and Exercise Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heikki Tikkanen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sports and Exercise Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mika Venojärvi
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sports and Exercise Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Mohamed SF, Khayeka-Wandabwa C, Muthuri S, Ngomi NN, Kyobutungi C, Haregu TN. Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) in adults in the AWI-Gen Nairobi site study: Profiles and predictors. HIPERTENSION Y RIESGO VASCULAR 2023; 40:5-15. [PMID: 36153304 PMCID: PMC11317065 DOI: 10.1016/j.hipert.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) is used as a marker of subclinical and asymptomatic atherosclerotic vascular disease. Increased CIMT is associated with future cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events. There is limited data on the profile and correlates of CIMT in Africa. The aim of this study was to describe the profile and correlates of CIMT in apparently normal younger-age adults in an urban setting in Kenya. METHODS This study used population-based data collected from 2003 adults between the ages of 40 and 60 years in two slums of Nairobi as part of a genetic study. CIMT was measured using LOGIQ e (GE Healthcare, CT, USA) ultrasound on both left and right carotid arteries, whereby maximum, mean, and minimum values were recorded. Age- and sex-specific CIMT measurements were calculated and their association with basic sociodemographic, behavioral and body composition indicators were investigated. RESULTS The median (IQR) CIMT were 0.58 (0.51, 0.66) and 0.59 (0.53, 0.66) in men and women, respectively. About 16% of the study population had CIMT greater than 0.7mm, the cut off for higher CIMT. Nearly 60% had CIMT values ≥75th percentile. Age, current use of alcohol, systolic blood pressure, subcutaneous fat thickness, pulse rate and pulse pressure were found to be the main predictors of CIMT in our study population. CONCLUSION This study provided population-based reference values and predictors for CIMT for an adult population living in urban poor settings in Kenya. Future studies need to consider biochemical and genetic predictors of CIMT in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Mohamed
- Health and Systems for Health Unit, African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Nairobi, Kenya; Lown Scholars Program, Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - C Khayeka-Wandabwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Health Sciences Platform, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - S Muthuri
- Health and Systems for Health Unit, African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - N N Ngomi
- School of Pure and Applied Health Science, Murang'a University of Technology, Thika, Kenya
| | - C Kyobutungi
- Health and Systems for Health Unit, African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - T N Haregu
- Nossal Institute for Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Varghese LN, Schwenke DO, Katare R. Role of noncoding RNAs in cardiac ageing. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1142575. [PMID: 37034355 PMCID: PMC10073704 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1142575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The global population is estimated to reach 9.8 billion by 2050, of which 2.1 billion will comprise individuals above 60 years of age. As the number of elderly is estimated to double from 2017, it is a victory of the modern healthcare system but also worrisome as ageing, and the onset of chronic disease are correlated. Among other chronic conditions, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death in the aged population. While the underlying cause of the age-associated development of CVDs is not fully understood, studies indicate the role of non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lnc-RNAs) in the development of age-associated CVDs. miRNAs and lnc-RNAs are non-coding RNAs which control gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. The expression of specific miRNAs and lnc-RNAs are reportedly dysregulated with age, leading to cardiovascular system changes and ultimately causing CVDs. Since miRNAs and lnc-RNAs play several vital roles in maintaining the normal functioning of the cardiovascular system, they are also being explored for their therapeutic potential as a treatment for CVDs. This review will first explore the pathophysiological changes associated with ageing. Next, we will review the known mechanisms underlying the development of CVD in ageing with a specific focus on miRNA and lnc-RNAs. Finally, we will discuss the therapeutic options and future challenges towards healthy cardiac ageing. With the global ageing population on the rise, this review will provide a fundamental understanding of some of the underlying molecular mechanisms of cardiac ageing.
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Krzemińska J, Młynarska E, Radzioch E, Wronka M, Rysz J, Franczyk B. Management of Familial Hypercholesterolemia with Special Emphasis on Evinacumab. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123273. [PMID: 36552028 PMCID: PMC9775211 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an underdiagnosed disease that contributes to a significant number of cardiovascular incidents through high serum Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) values. Its treatment primarily requires healthy lifestyle and therapy based on statins, ezetimibe and Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 (PCSK9); however, there are also new treatment options that can be used in patients who do not respond to therapy, among which we highlight evinacumab. Elevated LDL-C values, together with clinical manifestations associated with cholesterol deposition (e.g., tendon xanthomas, xanthelasma and arcus cornealis) and family history are the main elements in the diagnosis of FH. Pathognomonic signs of FH include extensor tendon xanthomas; however, their absence does not exclude the diagnosis. Elevated LDL-C levels lead to premature Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD), which is why early diagnosis and treatment of FH is essential. Evinacumab, a novelty in pharmacological practice, having a complex mechanism of action, causes desirable changes in lipid parameters in patients with homozygous form of familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH). This review collects and summarizes the most important aspects of the new drug, especially being a discovery in the treatment of HoFH, giving these patients hope for a longer and more comfortable life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Krzemińska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Młynarska
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-(042)-639-37-50
| | - Ewa Radzioch
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wronka
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Rysz
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Family Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Franczyk
- Department of Nephrocardiology, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Zeromskiego 113, 90-549 Lodz, Poland
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Wang Y, Cao P, Liu F, Chen Y, Xie J, Bai B, Liu Q, Ma H, Geng Q. Gender Differences in Unhealthy Lifestyle Behaviors among Adults with Diabetes in the United States between 1999 and 2018. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16412. [PMID: 36554290 PMCID: PMC9778889 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Lifestyle management is important to patients with diabetes, but whether gender differences exist in lifestyle management is unclear. Data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999 to 2018) was used for this research. Gender differences were evaluated descriptively and using an odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). A total of 8412 participants (48% women) were finally included. Across these surveys, the incidences of poor diet (OR: 1.26 (95% CI, 1.12, 1.43)), smoking (1.58 (1.35, 1.84)), alcohol consumption (1.94 (1.68, 2.25)) and sedentary behavior (1.20 (1.04, 1.39)) were more common in men, while depression (0.47 (0.37, 0.59)), obesity (0.69 (0.61, 0.78)) and insufficient physical activity (0.56 (0.49, 0.65)) were more common in women. Reductions in poor diet were greater in men between 1999 and 2000 and 2017 and 2018 (p = 0.037), while the mean body mass index (BMI) levels (p = 0.019) increased more among women. Furthermore, several gender differences were found to be related to age, race/ethnicity and marital/insurance/employment statuses. Our research found gender differences in diabetes-related unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and provides reference data for implementing measures to reduce the gender differences. Further work to reduce gender-specific barriers to a healthy lifestyle is warranted in order to further improve diabetes management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Peihua Cao
- Clinical Research Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fengyao Liu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yilin Chen
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingyu Xie
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bingqing Bai
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Quanjun Liu
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huan Ma
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qingshan Geng
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Yao L, Heizhati M, Lin M, Gan L, Yao X, Wang Y, Zhu Q, Wang L, Yuan Y, Li M, Yang W, Li N. Elevated body mass index increases the risk of cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients accompanied with obstructive sleep apnea: A cohort study. Obes Res Clin Pract 2022; 16:491-499. [PMID: 36437224 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2022.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effects of body mass index (BMI) on cardiovascular events are inconsistent. We aimed to investigate the association of BMI with cardiovascular events in hypertensives with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). METHODS Hypertensives with OSA diagnosed with polysomnography between 2011 and 2013 in UROSAH cohort were followed up till Jan 2021. Outcomes were non-fatal cardiovascular events and cardiac death. Cox regression was used to estimate the relationship of continuous and categorical BMI with total and specific outcomes. Sensitivity analyses were performed by excluding those on OSA treatment or underweight patients. Stratified analyses were conducted by parameters including sex and age. RESULTS 2239 hypertensives with OSA were included with 405 normal weight (BMI<25 kg/m2), 1164 overweight (25-29.9 kg/m2) and 670 obesity (≥30 kg/m2). 206 non-fatal cardiovascular events and 18 cardiac death were recorded during 6.6 years follow-up. Compared with normal weight group, overweight (HR=1.53, 95%CI: 1.01-2.32, P = 0.047) and obesity groups (1.85, 1.19-2.86, P = 0.006) showed increased risk for cardiovascular events, significant in obesity group and marginal in overweight group in fully-adjusted model. In specific events, obesity showed significantly elevated HR for non-fatal cardiovascular events (1.64, 1.04-2.60, P = 0.035). Continuous BMI showed significantly increased HR for total and specific events in all models. Sensitivity analysis yielded consistent results. In stratification analysis, stronger association between obesity and cardiovascular events was observed in the young (HR=5.97, P interaction=0.030). CONCLUSIONS BMI is in positive association with cardiovascular events in hypertensives with OSA, emphasizing importance of maintaining healthy BMI for prevention of adverse events in this population, on the basis of guideline-recommended treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yao
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, China; National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Hypertension Research Laboratory", China; Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, China
| | - Mulalibieke Heizhati
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, China; National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Hypertension Research Laboratory", China; Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, China
| | - Mengyue Lin
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, China; National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Hypertension Research Laboratory", China; Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, China
| | - Lin Gan
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, China; National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Hypertension Research Laboratory", China; Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, China
| | - Xiaoguang Yao
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, China; National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Hypertension Research Laboratory", China; Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, China
| | - Yingchun Wang
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, China; National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Hypertension Research Laboratory", China; Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, China; National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Hypertension Research Laboratory", China; Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, China; National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Hypertension Research Laboratory", China; Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, China
| | - Yujuan Yuan
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, China; National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Hypertension Research Laboratory", China; Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, China
| | - Mei Li
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, China; National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Hypertension Research Laboratory", China; Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, China
| | - Wenbo Yang
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, China; National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Hypertension Research Laboratory", China; Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, China
| | - Nanfang Li
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, China; National Health Committee Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Hypertension Research Laboratory", China; Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, China.
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Bhalla S, AlQabandi Y, Nandula SA, Boddepalli CS, Gutlapalli SD, Lavu VK, Abdelwahab Mohamed Abdelwahab R, Huang R, Potla S, Hamid P. Potential Benefits of Sodium-Glucose Transporter-2 Inhibitors in the Symptomatic and Functional Status of Patients With Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2022; 14:e29579. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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The predictive value of triglyceride-glucose index for in-hospital and one-year mortality in elderly non-diabetic patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. J Geriatr Cardiol 2022; 19:610-617. [PMID: 36339471 PMCID: PMC9630000 DOI: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a reliable marker of insulin resistance, was associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of TyG index for mortality in elderly non-diabetic patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). METHODS In total, 430 non-diabetic patients aged over 65 years with STEMI were consecutively included. The TyG index was calculated by using the following formula: TyG index = ln (fasting triglyceride × fasting glucose/2). The 5-item modified frailty index score was utilized to determine comorbidities. Patients were divided into three groups based on TyG index tertiles. RESULTS Patients included into high TyG index tertile were male and had higher body mass index, glucose, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, 5-item modified frailty index and GRACE risk score; and had low systolic blood pressure, estimated glomerular filtration rate and left ventricular ejection fraction. A one-unit increase in TyG index was associated with 3.03 extra cases per 1000 person-day for in-hospital mortality and 0.29 extra cases per 1000 person-day for long-term mortality. There was a non-linear relationship between TyG index and the risk of mortality with an increased risk above 8.5 for TyG index. Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that patients in high TyG index tertile had higher in-hospital and long-term mortality rates than those in low TyG index tertile. CONCLUSIONS This was the first study to demonstrate that the TyG index could predict in-hospital and long-term mortality in elderly non-diabetic STEMI patients.
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The Mechanisms of the Potential Probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum against Cardiovascular Disease and the Recent Developments in its Fermented Foods. Foods 2022; 11:foods11172549. [PMID: 36076735 PMCID: PMC9455256 DOI: 10.3390/foods11172549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become the leading cause of death worldwide. Many recent studies have pointed out that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (Lb. plantarum) has great potential in reducing the risk of CVD. Lb. plantarum is a kind of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) widely distributed in fermented food and the human intestinal tract, some strains of which have important effects on human health and the potential to be developed into probiotics. In this review, we summarize the mechanism of potential probiotic strains of Lb. plantarum against CVD. It could regulate the body’s metabolism at the molecular, cellular, and population levels, thereby lowering blood glucose and blood lipids, regulating blood pressure, and ultimately reducing the incidence of CVD. Furthermore, since Lb. plantarum is widely utilized in food industry, we highlight some of the most important new developments in fermented food for combating CVD; providing an insight into these fermented foods can assist scientists in improving the quality of these foods as well as alleviating patients’ CVD symptoms. We hope that in the future functional foods fermented by Lb. plantarum can be developed and incorporated into the daily diet to assist medication in alleviating CVD to some extent, and maintaining good health.
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Sutkowy P, Wróblewska J, Wróblewski M, Nuszkiewicz J, Modrzejewska M, Woźniak A. The Impact of Exercise on Redox Equilibrium in Cardiovascular Diseases. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11164833. [PMID: 36013072 PMCID: PMC9410476 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11164833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases constitute the most important public health problem in the world. They are characterized by inflammation and oxidative stress in the heart and blood. Physical activity is recognized as one of the best ways to prevent these diseases, and it has already been applied in treatment. Physical exercise, both aerobic and anaerobic and single and multiple, is linked to the oxidant–antioxidant imbalance; however, this leads to positive adaptive changes in, among others, the increase in antioxidant capacity. The goal of the paper was to discuss the issue of redox equilibrium in the human organism in the course of cardiovascular diseases to systemize updated knowledge in the context of exercise impacts on the organism. Antioxidant supplementation is also an important issue since antioxidant supplements still have great potential regarding their use as drugs in these diseases.
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Dietary Habits of Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Case-Control Study from Pakistan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148635. [PMID: 35886483 PMCID: PMC9318796 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Adults in South Asian countries have high chances of developing coronary artery disease (CAD) as compared to the developed nations. CAD is among the primary non-communicable causes of death in this region. Dyslipidemia, obesity, smoking hypertension, diabetes are considered as important risk factors for CVD. Methods: A case-control study was conducted, with data was collected from the Punjab Institute of Cardiology in Lahore and the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital. A total of 500 subjects were selected, of which 250 were coronary artery disease patients and 250 were healthy controls. The CAD patients were selected from the outpatient department (OPD) and emergency unit of the Punjab Institute of Cardiology and the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital. Results: The mean age of CAD patients was 57.83 ± 7.51 years and that of the controls was 55.32 ± 6.40 years. There was a significant difference in the mean values of biochemical parameters among cases and controls except for fasting blood sugar levels while there was a significant difference (p-value: 0.000) in the mean values of systolic blood pressure among cases and controls. Similarly, the values of diastolic blood pressure were also significantly different (p-value: 0.000) among cases and controls. The values of total blood cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides and HDL were also significantly different among cases and controls. There was a significant relationship between consumption of chicken, eggs, beef, yogurt, junk food, fresh vegetables, and fruits, and incidence of CAD. Consuming milk every day, and consuming fish weekly and consuming ghee had no significant association with the risk of coronary artery disease. On the other hand, from the findings of the unadjusted model, there was a significant association between CAD risk and intake of chicken, beef, egg, yogurt, junk food, fish, vegetables, and fruits. Conclusions: Diet is a risk factor for coronary artery disease and can be adjusted to reduce the risk of CAD. A key finding is that consumption of chicken, beef, eggs and junk food are associated with a high risk of CAD whereas consumption of ghee is not associated with the risk of CAD.
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Seth N, Seal A, Ruchin P, McGirr J. The Accuracy of Self-Perception of Obesity in a Rural Australian Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Prim Care Community Health 2022; 13:21501319221115256. [PMID: 35997321 PMCID: PMC9421221 DOI: 10.1177/21501319221115256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Obesity is a major public health concern. Accurate perception of body weight
may be critical to the successful adoption of weight loss behavior. The aim
of this study was to determine the accuracy of self-perception of BMI
class. Methods: Patients admitted to the acute medical service in one regional hospital
completed a questionnaire and classified their weight as: “underweight,”
“normal,” “overweight,” or “obese.” Reponses were compared to clinically
measured BMIs, based on the WHO Classification. Patients were also
questioned about health-related behavior. Data were analyzed via Pearson’s
Chi-squared test. Results: Almost 70% of the participating patient population (n = 90) incorrectly
perceived their weight category, with 62% underestimating their weight. Only
34% of patients who were overweight and 14% of patients with obesity
correctly identified their weight status. Two-thirds of patients who were
overweight and one-fifth of patients with obesity considered themselves to
be “normal” or “underweight.” Patients with obesity were 6.5-fold more
likely to misperceive their weight status. Amongst patients with
overweight/obesity, those who misperceived their weight were significantly
less likely to have plans to lose weight. Almost 60% had not made any recent
health behavior changes. This is one of the first regional Australian
studies demonstrating that hospitalized patients significantly misperceive
their weight. Conclusion: Patients with overweight/obesity had significantly higher rates of weight
misperception and the majority had no intention to lose weight or to
undertake any health behavior modification. Given the association between
weight perception and weight reduction behavior, it introduces barriers to
addressing weight loss and reducing the increasing prevalence of obesity in
rural Australia. It highlights that doctors have an important role in
addressing weight misperception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimish Seth
- Surgical Resident, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexa Seal
- School of Medicine Sydney, Rural Clinical School, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Ruchin
- School of Medicine Sydney, Rural Clinical School, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia.,The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Calvary Hospital Riverina, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia.,Mater Hospital, North Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Wagga Wagga Base Hospital, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Joe McGirr
- School of Medicine Sydney, Rural Clinical School, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia.,State Member of Parliament, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
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