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Melo TQ, Copray SJCVM, Ferrari MFR. Alpha-Synuclein Toxicity on Protein Quality Control, Mitochondria and Endoplasmic Reticulum. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:2212-2223. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2673-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Finnie JW, Manavis J. Axonal spheroids in ovine neuroaxonal dystrophy are immunopositive to kinesin and dynein. J Vet Diagn Invest 2017; 29:852-855. [DOI: 10.1177/1040638717721579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroaxonal dystrophy (NAD) is a neurologic disorder of sheep characterized by accumulation of numerous axonal swellings (spheroids) in specific regions of the brainstem and spinal cord. Disruption of axonal transport, which is driven in anterograde and retrograde directions by the molecular motors, kinesin and dynein, respectively, is believed to contribute to spheroid development. Accordingly, we examined spheroids in ovine NAD cases immunohistochemically for kinesin and dynein and found both motor proteins, with dynein more strongly expressed than kinesin. Further investigations of the kinesin and dynein content of axonal spheroids in NAD, and other neurodegenerative disorders of domestic animals, could assist in better understanding the pathogenesis of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W. Finnie
- SA Pathology, Hanson Institute Centre for Neurological Diseases and Schools of Medicine and Veterinary Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jim Manavis
- SA Pathology, Hanson Institute Centre for Neurological Diseases and Schools of Medicine and Veterinary Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Rodriguez M, Rodriguez-Sabate C, Morales I, Sanchez A, Sabate M. Parkinson's disease as a result of aging. Aging Cell 2015; 14:293-308. [PMID: 25677794 PMCID: PMC4406659 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
It is generally considered that Parkinson's disease is induced by specific agents that degenerate a clearly defined population of dopaminergic neurons. Data commented in this review suggest that this assumption is not as clear as is often thought and that aging may be critical for Parkinson's disease. Neurons degenerating in Parkinson's disease also degenerate in normal aging, and the different agents involved in the etiology of this illness are also involved in aging. Senescence is a wider phenomenon affecting cells all over the body, whereas Parkinson's disease seems to be restricted to certain brain centers and cell populations. However, reviewed data suggest that Parkinson's disease may be a local expression of aging on cell populations which, by their characteristics (high number of synaptic terminals and mitochondria, unmyelinated axons, etc.), are highly vulnerable to the agents promoting aging. The development of new knowledge about Parkinson's disease could be accelerated if the research on aging and Parkinson's disease were planned together, and the perspective provided by gerontology gains relevance in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Rodriguez
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Experimental Neurology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of La LagunaLa Laguna, Spain
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED)La Laguna, Spain
| | - Clara Rodriguez-Sabate
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED)La Laguna, Spain
| | - Ingrid Morales
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Experimental Neurology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of La LagunaLa Laguna, Spain
- Center for Networked Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED)La Laguna, Spain
| | - Alberto Sanchez
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Experimental Neurology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of La LagunaLa Laguna, Spain
| | - Magdalena Sabate
- Rehabilitation Service, Department of Pharmacology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of La LagunaLa Laguna, Spain
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Neves-Carvalho A, Logarinho E, Freitas A, Duarte-Silva S, Costa MDC, Silva-Fernandes A, Martins M, Serra SC, Lopes AT, Paulson HL, Heutink P, Relvas JB, Maciel P. Dominant negative effect of polyglutamine expansion perturbs normal function of ataxin-3 in neuronal cells. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 24:100-17. [PMID: 25143392 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The physiological function of Ataxin-3 (ATXN3), a deubiquitylase (DUB) involved in Machado-Joseph Disease (MJD), remains elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that ATXN3 is required for neuronal differentiation and for normal cell morphology, cytoskeletal organization, proliferation and survival of SH-SY5Y and PC12 cells. This cellular phenotype is associated with increased proteasomal degradation of α5 integrin subunit (ITGA5) and reduced activation of integrin signalling and is rescued by ITGA5 overexpression. Interestingly, silencing of ATXN3, overexpression of mutant versions of ATXN3 lacking catalytic activity or bearing an expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) tract led to partially overlapping phenotypes. In vivo analysis showed that both Atxn3 knockout and MJD transgenic mice had decreased levels of ITGA5 in the brain. Furthermore, abnormal morphology and reduced branching were observed both in cultured neurons expressing shRNA for ATXN3 and in those obtained from MJD mice. Our results show that ATXN3 rescues ITGA5 from proteasomal degradation in neurons and that polyQ expansion causes a partial loss of this cellular function, resulting in reduced integrin signalling and neuronal cytoskeleton modifications, which may be contributing to neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Neves-Carvalho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães and
| | - Elsa Logarinho
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Freitas
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães and
| | - Sara Duarte-Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães and
| | | | - Anabela Silva-Fernandes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães and
| | - Margarida Martins
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães and
| | - Sofia Cravino Serra
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães and
| | - André T Lopes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães and
| | - Henry L Paulson
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA and
| | - Peter Heutink
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - João B Relvas
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Maciel
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães and
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Amadoro G, Corsetti V, Florenzano F, Atlante A, Bobba A, Nicolin V, Nori SL, Calissano P. Morphological and bioenergetic demands underlying the mitophagy in post-mitotic neurons: the pink-parkin pathway. Front Aging Neurosci 2014; 6:18. [PMID: 24600391 PMCID: PMC3927396 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests a striking causal relationship between changes in quality control of neuronal mitochondria and numerous devastating human neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Contrary to replicating mammalian cells with a metabolism essentially glycolytic, post-mitotic neurons are distinctive owing to (i) their exclusive energetic dependence from mitochondrial metabolism and (ii) their polarized shape, which entails compartmentalized and distinct energetic needs. Here, we review the recent findings on mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy in differentiated neurons focusing on how the exceptional characteristics of neuronal populations in their morphology and bioenergetics needs make them quite different to other cells in controlling the intracellular turnover of these organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Amadoro
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology - National Research Council Rome, Italy ; European Brain Research Institute Rome, Italy
| | - Veronica Corsetti
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology - National Research Council Rome, Italy
| | | | - Anna Atlante
- Institute of Biomembrane and Bioenergetics - National Research Council Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Bobba
- Institute of Biomembrane and Bioenergetics - National Research Council Bari, Italy
| | - Vanessa Nicolin
- Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefania L Nori
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno Baronissi, Italy
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