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da Silva TL, Pinheiro JGDO, de Moura ATC, Maia Neto CG, Correia FLP, Comin MSK, da Silva RCF, de Araújo SVF, Barreto SMAG, Oliveira ADS, Damasceno GADB, Ferrari M. Evaluation of the antioxidant and antityrosinase activities of Prosopis juliflora fruit extract as a novel multifunctional bioactive ingredient and its potential applicability in pro-ageing and skin colour harmonization cosmetic products. Int J Cosmet Sci 2024. [PMID: 39138627 DOI: 10.1111/ics.13018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prosopis juliflora, commonly known as algaroba or mesquite, was introduced and has since proliferated throughout the semi-arid region of the Caatinga biome. Various studies have documented its properties, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antitumor activities, attributed to the presence of diverse secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, and flavonoids. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant and antityrosinase activities of P. juliflora fruit extract as a multifunctional active ingredient, and to develop cosmetic formulations containing this vegetal extract for potential applications in skincare products targeting pro-ageing and skin colour homogenization properties. METHODS The extraction process followed established protocols. Chemical characterization of the extract involved quantification of total flavonoids and phenolic compounds, along with Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. In vitro antioxidant activity was assessed using different methods. Antityrosinase activity was determined by employing enzymatic assays. Cosmetic formulations containing Disodium EDTA, Phenoxyethanol (and) Ethylhexyl Glycerin, Distilled Water, Sodium Acrylates Copolymer Lecithin, Polyacrylamide (and) C13-14 Isoparaffin (and) Laureth-7, and 3.0% of the investigated plant extract were subjected to preliminary and accelerated stability tests. RESULTS The extract demonstrated a concentration of total flavonoids (1.71 ± 0.26 μg EQ/mg) and exhibited concentrations of phenolic compounds at 0.21 ± 0.01 mg EAG/g. Metabolites such as flavonoids and saponins were annotated, as well as some of their respective glycosidic derivatives. The extract showed antioxidant potential and the ability to inhibit the oxidation cascade in both the initiation and propagation phases. Moreover, the extract exhibited noteworthy inhibition of antityrosinase activity, presenting 62.48 ± 2.09 at a concentration of 30.00 mg/mL. The formulations were stable in accelerated stability tests over a 60-day period. CONCLUSION This research not only demonstrates scientifically by demonstrating the potential of a plant from the Caatinga biome with antioxidant and antityrosinase properties in the development of cosmetic products aimed at pro-ageing effects and skin colour harmonization, but also adds value to the P. juliflora production chain. This valorization encompasses various aspects which include environmental, social, and biodiversity responsibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tássyo Leandro da Silva
- Departament of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte - UFRN, Rua Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | - Arthur Thomaz Coutinho de Moura
- Departament of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte - UFRN, Rua Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Christovam Gondim Maia Neto
- Departament of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte - UFRN, Rua Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Francisco Lucas Pereira Correia
- Departament of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte - UFRN, Rua Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Marcielle Sayuri Kubo Comin
- Departament of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte - UFRN, Rua Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Costa Ferreira da Silva
- Departament of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte - UFRN, Rua Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | | | - Artur de Santana Oliveira
- Departament of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte - UFRN, Rua Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Azevedo de Brito Damasceno
- Multidisciplinary Health Institute, Anísio Teixeira Campus, Federal University of Bahia - UFBA, Rua Hormindo Barros, Vitória da Conquista, BA, Brazil
| | - Márcio Ferrari
- Departament of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte - UFRN, Rua Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, Natal, RN, Brazil
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Cholich L, Pistán M, Cabrera Benítez A, Torres A, García EN, Martinez A, Gardner D, Bustillo S. Evaluation of the toxicological effects of Neltuma alpataco (Prosopis alpataco) pod alkaloid extract. Toxicon 2024; 241:107665. [PMID: 38428752 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The pods of Neltuma spp. have shown potential as a source of protein and energy in livestock. However, prolonged consumption of some of these species can lead to neurological symptoms in ruminants. This study aimed to determine the alkaloid content, as well as the in vitro and in vivo effects of an alkaloid-enriched extract (AEE) from N. alpataco pods. High performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS) identified juliprosine and juliprosopine as primary alkaloids, with juliprosine being most abundant. AEE from N. alpataco demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity on glioma cells after 48 h, with a 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) of 24.69 μg/mL. However, the release of LDH was observed only at the highest tested concentration, indicating cellular damage. Further examination through phase-contrast microscopy and dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide fluorescence staining revealed morphological changes consistent with an apoptotic mechanism of cell death, ultimately leading to secondary necrosis. Finally, the LD50 after intraperitoneal injection in mice was determined to be 12.98 mg/kg. Taken together, these findings demonstrated for the first time the in vivo and in vitro toxicity of the AEE from N. alpataco pods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Cholich
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of the Northeast, Corrientes, Argentina; The National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Argentina.
| | - María Pistán
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of the Northeast, Corrientes, Argentina; The National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Argentina
| | | | - Ana Torres
- Natural Products Laboratory, IQUIBA-NEA CONICET, National University of the Northeast, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Enrique Nicolas García
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, National University of the Northeast, Corrientes, Argentina
| | - Agustín Martinez
- Animal Health Group, National Institute for Agricultural Technology, INTA, Bariloche, CP 8400, Argentina
| | - Dale Gardner
- USDA-ARS Poisonous Plant Research Laboratory, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Soledad Bustillo
- Biological and Molecular Investigations Group (GIByM), IQUIBA-NEA CONICET, National University of the Northeast, Corrientes, Argentina
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Heri Suselo Y, Indarto D, Wasita B, Hartono H. Alkaloid Fraction of Mirabilis jalapa Linn. Flowers Has Low Cytotoxicity and Increases Iron Absorption through Erythropoietin-Matriptase-2-Hepcidin pathway in Iron Deficiency Hepatocarcinoma Cell Model. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 30:103508. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Sousa LB, Albuquerque Pereira ML, de Oliveira Silva HG, Sousa LB, E Silva LS, Machado FS, Tomich TR, Oss DB, Ferreira AL, Campos MM, Costa IC, Ribeiro Pereira LG. Prosopis juliflora piperidine alkaloid extract levels in diet for sheep change energy and nitrogen metabolism and affect enteric methane yield. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:5132-5140. [PMID: 35279834 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ionophore antibiotics improve the efficiency of energy metabolism, which has driven their use as a feed additive in ruminants for decades. Currently, they have not been approved in many countries, generating a challenge for the immediate search for plant extracts with a similar mode of action on rumen metabolism. This study evaluated the effects of enriched Prosopis juliflora (mesquite) piperidine alkaloid extract (MPA) levels as an alternative phytoadditive to sodium monensin (MON) in sheep. RESULTS The MPA diet did not differ from MON with regard to nutrient intake. A quadratic effect (P < 0.05) was observed for organic matter and neutral detergent fibre digestibility, with respective maximum point at 25.40 and minimum point at 0.95 mg kg-1 MPA. The MPA levels linearly decreased (P < 0.05) faecal nitrogen loss. MPA did not differ from MON with regard to nutrient digestibility, and MPA levels increased (P < 0.05) the proportion of digestible energy and metabolizability from dietary gross energy. The MPA levels linearly decreased (P < 0.05) enteric CH4 production, the yield showing lower (P < 0.05) energy loss as CH4 than MON. CONCLUSION The results show that MPA levels of 17.3 and 27.8 mg kg-1 are enteric CH4 inhibitors and enhance energy and protein utilization, indicating a promising alternative to MON for ruminants. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larisse Borges Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Zootechny, State University of Southwest Bahia, Itapetinga, Brazil
| | | | | | - Leandro Borges Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Zootechny, State University of Southwest Bahia, Itapetinga, Brazil
| | - Leandro Santos E Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Zootechny, State University of Southwest Bahia, Itapetinga, Brazil
| | | | | | - Daniela Batista Oss
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation, Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
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Yap JY, Hii CL, Ong SP, Lim KH, Abas F, Pin KY. Degradation kinetics of carpaine and antioxidant properties of dried Carica papaya leaves as affected by drying methods. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/ijfe-2021-0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Carpaine in papaya leaves has the potential to treat dengue fever and it also contains antioxidants which could prevent or inhibit oxidation processes in the human body. Studies were conducted on the effects of storage on carpaine retention and antioxidant properties of dried papaya leaves. Results showed that the Weibull model could predict well the degradation kinetics of carpaine in all samples (freeze drying and hot air drying at 60 °C and 70 °C) except for hot air dried samples at 80 °C and shade dried samples (first order model). Generally, freeze dried samples showed the highest half-life whereas total polyphenols content and antioxidant properties (ABTS and DPPH free radical scavenging activities) of all dried samples decreased with storage period. An increasing trend in total colour difference (ΔE
*
) was observed in all samples possibly due to chlorophyll degradation. It is thus recommended to select freeze dried samples for storage purpose due to better stability as indicated by the lowest rate constant (k = 0.0135 1/month) and the highest half-life (t
1/2 = 51.2 months).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ying Yap
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia , Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih , Selangor Darul Ehsan , Malaysia
| | - Ching Lik Hii
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia , Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih , Selangor Darul Ehsan , Malaysia
| | - Sze Pheng Ong
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia , Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih , Selangor Darul Ehsan , Malaysia
| | - Kuan Hon Lim
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia , Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih , Selangor Darul Ehsan , Malaysia
| | - Faridah Abas
- Department of Food Science , Universiti Putra Malaysia , 43400 Serdang , Selangor Darul Ehsan , Malaysia
| | - Kar Yong Pin
- Forest Research Institute Malaysia , 52109 Kuala Lumpur , Selangor Darul Ehsan , Malaysia
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Blend of secondary metabolites from mesquite to improve nutrient digestibility, microbial protein, efficient use of nitrogen, ruminal parameters, and blood metabolites in sheep. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:248. [PMID: 35941296 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03267-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Although chemical additives are able to improve the efficiency of ruminal fermentation, they can leave residues in the meat. However, a blend of secondary metabolites can improve ruminal fermentation without harming the population welfare. Five levels (0.0, 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 g/day) of a blend of secondary metabolites from mesquite extract in sheep feed to promote increases in the nutritional value, ruminal parameters, nitrogen (N) use efficiency, microbial protein (MP) synthesis, and blood metabolites. Ten intact male Santa Inês sheep with average body weight of 55 ± 9.81 kg were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square design, replicated twice. There was a quadratic response of the digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), and total digestible nutrients (TDN). Microbial protein concentrations, MP synthesis efficiency, propionic acid levels, and acetic/propionic acid ratio also showed a quadratic response. The blend promoted a quadratic effect on plasma glucose and lactate levels. On the other hand, it decreased the concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen, plasma urea, and plasma cholesterol. It is recommended to supply a blend of secondary metabolites at 3.43 g/day.
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Carbon dots from eco-friendly precursors for optical sensing application: an up-to-date review. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02353-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) are zero-dimensional quasi-spherical nanoparticles endowed with excellent advantages including good luminescence features, photostability, low cytotoxicity, remarkable aqueous solubility, favourable biocompatibility, low risk to environment and great flexibility in surface modification. Fluorescent CDs that can selectively respond to specific inorganic/organic target molecules in environmental and biological samples are of prime significance amongst the new generation intelligent sensors due to the critical involvement of different ions/molecular species in not only human health, but also in environment processes. In this context, preparation of CDs from bioprecursors has immense significance due to the involvement of green principles, inexpensive, clean, nontoxic, easily accessible, renewable and large-scale production can be realized. This article aims at exploring different types of green raw materials including plant biomass, animal products, food items and waste materials as carbon sources for the synthesis of both undoped and doped CDs. The emphasis is given on different synthetic approaches adopted for improving the quantum yield without any chemical modification, the characterization techniques, mechanistic origin of photoluminescence and fluorescence response mechanisms involved in the sensing action towards various analytes. The significant benefits and limitations of CDs obtained from eco-friendly precursors through green approaches are summarized. Various challenges and the future prospects of these carbonaceous nanomaterials as sensors are also discussed.
Graphical abstract
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8
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Pereira TCDJ, Pereira MLA, Silva HGDO, dos Santos AB, Ribeiro LSO, Pina DDS, Sousa LB, de Carvalho GGP. Energy sources in diets for lambs in confinement. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/an21136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
ContextThe use of alternative sources in ruminant feeding features advantages such as diminished dependence on traditional cereals that can be used for human consumption or monogastric animals.AimsThis study was conducted to examine nutrient intake, apparent digestibility, mean growth rate, nitrogen balance, and microbial protein synthesis in lambs fed diets containing different energy sources in the concentrate.MethodsThe experiment involved five uncastrated Santa Inês lambs, with an initial BW of 22.85±1.0kg, which were allocated individual metabolic cages and randomly assigned to one of the following five experimental treatments: maize (MA), wheat bran (WB), sorghum (SO), mesquite pod meal (MP) and peach palm meal (PP) in a 5×5 Latin square design, with five replicates each. Diets were isoenergetic with a roughage:concentrate ratio of 60:40.Key resultsThe energy sources in the concentrate influenced (P<0.0001) the intakes of DM and nutritional components. The apparent digestibility coefficients of the ether extract and NDFap were significantly (P<0.05) different between WB and the other diets. The different energy sources in the concentrate (MA, WB, SO and MP) increased (P<0.0001) the mean growth rate of the lambs. The diet containing PP as an energy source provided a smaller (P=0.0002) N intake than that from any other diet, and the PP diet resulted in a negative N balance (P=0.0200). Lambs fed with diets containing MP (80.38g day−1) as an energy source showed a larger (P=0.0007) microbial protein synthesis than did those fed with PP (24.47g day−1).ConclusionsWheat bran, sorghum, and mesquite pod meal can completely replace maize for lambs fed diets based on 270gkg−1 of maize.ImplicationsA variety of unusual feed ingredients facilitates the raising of lambs in various regions, with ingredients being local and of the lowest cost, promoting benefits to sheep producers.
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9
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Santos JR, Pereira ML, Pereira TC, Silva HG, Santos OO, Carvalho GG, Almeida JR, Silva RP, Ribas KP. Supplementation with mesquite alkaloids extract in diets for lambs fed Bermuda grass improves growth performance. Small Rumin Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2021.106560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Zeng Z, Sheng P, Zhang H, He L, Huang J, Wang D, Gui G. The effect of Macleaya cordata extract on in vitro ruminal fermentation and methanogenesis. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:4561-4567. [PMID: 34401103 PMCID: PMC8358341 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Methane production is the main gas energy loss in ruminants and generates a powerful greenhouse gas that contributes to climate changes. Macleaya cordata is a plant commonly utilized additive in livestock diet as it contains various chemical compounds with beneficial health effects. This study aimed to explore the influence of M. cordata extract on in vitro methanogenesis and rumen fermentation. Three cannulated Jingjiang cattle were used as rumen fluid donors. The mixture of rumen fluid and a buffer (60 ml, 1:2 volume ratio) was treated with 6 different concentrations of M. cordata extract (0.01%, 0.11%, 0.21%, 0.31%, 0.41%, and 0.51%) and incubated for 12 and 24 hr. The control sample, with no addition of plant extract, was also analyzed. At each time point, pH, total gas, methane, dry matter (DM) digestibility, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), microbial protein (MCP), and volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentrations were determined. Total gas production decreased with increasing the amount of M. cordata extract at all time points. Methane production also decreased dose-dependently with M. cordata extract after 3, 6, 9, and 12 hr of incubation, but increased after 24 hr. M. cordata extract decreased the concentration of NH3-N and VFA, and the amount of acetic, propionic, and butyric acid. M. cordata extract decreased the MCP concentration after 12 hr, but its level returned to the initial value after 24 hr. Supplementation with 0.01, 0.11, and 0.21% of M. cordata extract did not affect the DM digestibility. However, supplementation with 0.31, 0.41, and 0.51% of M. cordata extract significantly decreased the DM digestibility. Supplementation with 0.11% of M. cordata extract effectively reduced methane production without affecting the DM digestion in vitro. However, its effect on in vivo methane production, rumen fermentation, and ruminant production requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zeng
- Key Open Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine of State Ethnic Affairs CommissionTongren Vocational and Technical CollegeTongrenChina
| | - Ping Sheng
- Institute of Biological ResourcesJiangxi Academy of SciencesNanchangChina
| | - Huaqi Zhang
- Key Open Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine of State Ethnic Affairs CommissionTongren Vocational and Technical CollegeTongrenChina
- Institute of Biological ResourcesJiangxi Academy of SciencesNanchangChina
| | - Li He
- Institute of Biological ResourcesJiangxi Academy of SciencesNanchangChina
| | - Jiangli Huang
- Institute of Biological ResourcesJiangxi Academy of SciencesNanchangChina
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Institute of Biological ResourcesJiangxi Academy of SciencesNanchangChina
| | - Ganbei Gui
- Key Open Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine of State Ethnic Affairs CommissionTongren Vocational and Technical CollegeTongrenChina
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11
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Novel Prosopis juliflora leaf ethanolic extract as natural antimicrobial agent against food spoiling microorganisms. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7871. [PMID: 33846384 PMCID: PMC8041821 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86509-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Fresh produces spoilage is a worldwide concern that accompany the global increase in food demand. Adverse human health and environmental effects of commercial spoilage control agents are major public concern. In this study, Prosopis juliflora leaves and fruit extracts had their antimicrobial activities evaluated against the growth of selected bacteria and yeast, and against mycelial growth and conidial germination of selected mycotoxins-producing fungi. P. juliflora water-soluble leaf ethanolic (PJ-WS-LE) extract with its novel extraction method showed the strongest antibacterial activity. Antimicrobial tests showed total inhibition of Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria alternata, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans with MICs ranging between 0.125 and 1 mg/ml. Percent inhibition of mycelial growth (PIMG) of the extract was also determined against seven other fungal strains with highest value against Geotrichum candidum (66.2%). Even the least affected fungal strain showed alterations in their hyphae and spores exposed to PJ-WS-LE extract when observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM), alterations include exfoliated flakes, pores, vacuolation and applanation. Small-scale fruit bioassays controlled experiment showed high efficacy of the extract in protecting inoculated cherry tomato samples from B. cinerea and A. alternata infections. In conclusion, PJ-WS-LE extract is a feasible, natural antifungal agent that can replace common anti-spoiling chemicals.
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Elbehairi SEI, Ezzat Ahmed A, Alshati AA, Al-Kahtani MA, Alfaifi MY, Alsyaad KM, Alalmie AYA, Elimam Ahamed MM, Moustafa MF, Alhag SK, Al-Abd AM, Abbas AM. Prosopis juliflora leave extracts induce cell death of MCF-7, HepG2, and LS-174T cancer cell lines. EXCLI JOURNAL 2020; 19:1282-1294. [PMID: 33192211 PMCID: PMC7658460 DOI: 10.17179/excli2020-2830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Prosopis juliflora (P. juliflora) is a widespread phreatophytic tree, which belongs to the Fabaceae family. The goal of the present study is to investigate the potential anti-cancer effect of P. juliflora leave extracts and to identify its chemical composition. For this purpose, MCF-7 (breast), HepG2 (liver), and LS-174T (colorectal) cancer cell lines were cultivated and incubated with various concentrations of P. juliflora leave extracts, and its impact on cell viability, proliferation, and cell cycle stages was investigated. P. juliflora leave extracts induced concentration-dependent cytotoxicity against all tested cancer cell lines. The calculated IC50 was 18.17, 33.1 and 41.9 μg/ml for MCF-7, HePG2 and LS-174T, respectively. Detailed analysis revealed that the cytotoxic action of P. juliflora extracts was mainly via necrosis but not apoptosis. Moreover, DNA content flow cytometry analysis showed cell-specific anti-proliferative action and cell cycle stages arrest. In order to identify the anti-cancer constituents of P. juliflora, the ethyl extracts were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The major constituents identified in the ethyl extracts of P. juliflora leaves were hydroxymethyl-pyridine, nicotinamide, adenine, and poly-(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). In conclusion, P. juliflora ethyl acetate extracts have a potential anti-cancer effect against breast adenocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and colorectal adenocarcinoma, and is enriched with anti-cancer constituents. See also Figure 1(Fig. 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Serag Eldin I Elbehairi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Cell Culture Laboratory, Egyptian Organization for Biological Products and Vaccines (VACSERA Holding Company), Agouza, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Ali A Alshati
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Al-Kahtani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Y Alfaifi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M Alsyaad
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Director of the Research Centre, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Yahya A Alalmie
- The Poison Control and Medical Forensic Chemistry Centre, Asir, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Elimam Ahamed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud F Moustafa
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Sadeq K Alhag
- Biology Department, College of Arts and Science, King Khalid University, Muhayl Asir, Saudi Arabia.,Biology Department, College of Science, Ibb University, Yemen
| | - Ahmed M Al-Abd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy & Thumbay Research Institute of Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE.,Pharmacology Department, Medical Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Abbas
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
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Lima HGD, Santos FO, Santos ACV, Silva GDD, Santos RJD, Carneiro KDO, Reis IMA, Estrela IDO, Freitas HFD, Bahiense TC, Pita SSDR, Uzeda RS, Branco A, Costa SL, Batatinha MJM, Botura MB. Anti-tick effect and cholinesterase inhibition caused by Prosopis juliflora alkaloids: in vitro and in silico studies. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PARASITOLOGIA VETERINARIA 2020; 29:e019819. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-29612020036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Abstract We investigated the in vitro acaricide activity of the methanolic extract (ME) and alkaloid-rich fraction (AF) of Prosopis juliflora on Rhipicephalus microplus and correlated this effect with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition. The acaricide activity was evaluated using adult and larval immersion tests. Also, we studied the possible interaction mechanism of the major alkaloids present in this fraction via molecular docking at the active site of R. microplus AChE1 (RmAChE1). Higher reproductive inhibitory activity of the AF was recorded, with effective concentration (EC50) four times lower than that of the ME (31.6 versus 121 mg/mL). The AF caused mortality of tick larvae, with lethal concentration 50% (LC50) of 13.8 mg/mL. Both ME and AF were seen to have anticholinesterase activity on AChE of R. microplus larvae, while AF was more active with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.041 mg/mL. The LC-MS/MS analyses on the AF led to identification of three alkaloids: prosopine (1), juliprosinine (2) and juliprosopine (3). The molecular docking studies revealed that these alkaloids had interactions at the active site of the RmAChE1, mainly relating to hydrogen bonds and cation-pi interactions. We concluded that the alkaloids of P. juliflora showed acaricide activity on R. microplus and acted through an anticholinesterase mechanism.
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Mickymaray S. Efficacy and Mechanism of Traditional Medicinal Plants and Bioactive Compounds against Clinically Important Pathogens. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019; 8:antibiotics8040257. [PMID: 31835403 PMCID: PMC6963422 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8040257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional medicinal plants have been cultivated to treat various human illnesses and avert numerous infectious diseases. They display an extensive range of beneficial pharmacological and health effects for humans. These plants generally synthesize a diverse range of bioactive compounds which have been established to be potent antimicrobial agents against a wide range of pathogenic organisms. Various research studies have demonstrated the antimicrobial activity of traditional plants scientifically or experimentally measured with reports on pathogenic microorganisms resistant to antimicrobials. The antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants or their bioactive compounds arising from several functional activities may be capable of inhibiting virulence factors as well as targeting microbial cells. Some bioactive compounds derived from traditional plants manifest the ability to reverse antibiotic resistance and improve synergetic action with current antibiotic agents. Therefore, the advancement of bioactive-based pharmacological agents can be an auspicious method for treating antibiotic-resistant infections. This review considers the functional and molecular roles of medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds, focusing typically on their antimicrobial activities against clinically important pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Mickymaray
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Al-Zulfi-, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Sharma R, Kumari A, Singh NS, Singh MK, Dubey S, Iqbal N, Patanjali PK. Development and stability enhancement of neem oil based microemulsion formulation using botanical synergist. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Sharifi-Rad J, Kobarfard F, Ata A, Ayatollahi SA, Khosravi-Dehaghi N, Jugran AK, Tomas M, Capanoglu E, Matthews KR, Popović-Djordjević J, Kostić A, Kamiloglu S, Sharopov F, Choudhary MI, Martins N. Prosopis Plant Chemical Composition and Pharmacological Attributes: Targeting Clinical Studies from Preclinical Evidence. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E777. [PMID: 31775378 PMCID: PMC6995505 DOI: 10.3390/biom9120777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the Prosopis genus are native to America, Africa and Asia, and have long been used in traditional medicine. The Prosopis species most commonly used for medicinal purposes are P. africana, P. alba, P. cineraria, P. farcta, P. glandulosa, P. juliflora, P. nigra, P. ruscifolia and P. spicigera, which are highly effective in asthma, birth/postpartum pains, callouses, conjunctivitis, diabetes, diarrhea, expectorant, fever, flu, lactation, liver infection, malaria, otitis, pains, pediculosis, rheumatism, scabies, skin inflammations, spasm, stomach ache, bladder and pancreas stone removal. Flour, syrup, and beverages from Prosopis pods have also been potentially used for foods and food supplement formulation in many regions of the world. In addition, various in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed interesting antiplasmodial, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, antidiabetic and wound healing effects. The phytochemical composition of Prosopis plants, namely their content of C-glycosyl flavones (such as schaftoside, isoschaftoside, vicenin II, vitexin and isovitexin) has been increasingly correlated with the observed biological effects. Thus, given the literature reports, Prosopis plants have positive impact on the human diet and general health. In this sense, the present review provides an in-depth overview of the literature data regarding Prosopis plants' chemical composition, pharmacological and food applications, covering from pre-clinical data to upcoming clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran
| | - Farzad Kobarfard
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
| | - Athar Ata
- Department of Chemistry, Richardson College for the Environmental Science Complex, The University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2G3, Canada;
| | - Seyed Abdulmajid Ayatollahi
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 11369, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Khosravi-Dehaghi
- EvidenceBased Phytotherapy & Complementary Medicine Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj 19839-63113, Iran;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj 19839-63113, Iran
| | - Arun Kumar Jugran
- G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Garhwal Regional Centre, Upper Baktiyana, Srinagar-246 174, Uttarakhand, India;
| | - Merve Tomas
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Halkali, 34303 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Karl R. Matthews
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901-8520, USA;
| | - Jelena Popović-Djordjević
- Faculty of Agriculture, Chair of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.P.-D.); (A.K.)
| | - Aleksandar Kostić
- Faculty of Agriculture, Chair of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.P.-D.); (A.K.)
| | - Senem Kamiloglu
- Mevsim Gida Sanayi ve Soguk Depo Ticaret A.S. (MVSM Foods), Turankoy, Kestel, 16450 Bursa, Turkey;
| | - Farukh Sharopov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Rudaki 139, Dushanbe 734003, Tajikistan;
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan;
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
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Phytochemical, Antimicrobial, and Antioxidant Profiles of Duranta erecta L. Parts. Biochem Res Int 2019; 2019:8731595. [PMID: 31781395 PMCID: PMC6855089 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8731595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of plant-based medicine is popular amongst individuals and communities in developing countries. Duranta erecta has been used in Africa and Asia to treat a wide range of diseases. This study evaluated the phytochemical profile and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of D. erecta to ascertain its health benefits in traditional medicine. Phytochemical constituents and antimicrobial effect of the hydroethanolic extract of D. erecta leaves (DRL), unripe fruits (DRU), and ripe fruits (DRR) were investigated by standard methods. Elemental analyses were carried out by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) on the raw sample and extract. FTIR and UV-VIS spectroscopy were used to identify functional groups. Extracts were screened for their possible antioxidant activities by three tests. The total phenolic and total tannin contents were evaluated by using the Folin–Ciocalteu method. Total flavonoid content was determined by the aluminium chloride colorimetric assay method. The antioxidant activities were evaluated using the DPPH scavenging activity. The results of phytochemical screening showed the presence of triterpenoids, sterols, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, and tannins. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of alcohols, phenols, alkanes, aldehydes, ketones, aromatics, aliphatic amines, aromatic amines, amides, carboxylic acids, esters, nitro compounds, alkynes, primary and secondary amines, and alkyl halides. Iron, zinc, and copper were also detected. Total phenolic and tannin contents ranged from 2.20 ± 0.15 to 14.54 ± 0.29 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/100 g and 3.55 ± 0.07 to 13.82 ± 0.04 mg GAE/100 g, respectively. Total flavonoid content varied from 41.76 ± 0.96 to 343.49 ± 3.45 μg quercetin equivalent (QE)/100 g. The highest DPPH scavenging activity was recorded in the methanolic fraction of the leaves. The antimicrobial assay of the extract or fractions recorded no activity against the test organisms. The outcome of this study affirmed that D. erecta contains phytochemicals and bioactive compounds that could be of health benefit.
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Pervaiz A, Khan H, Amin S. Therapeutic Potential of Alkaloids as Anti-Bacterial Agents: Drugs of Future. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573407213666170221153319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infections remain a major threat to the world community in terms of both morbidity and mortality. Indeed, bacterial infections are accountable for millions of fatalities around the globe. Additionally, these bacterial infections represent a notable burden, in particular, for children living in less-developed regions of the world. There are a numbers of classes of antibiotics for the treatment of these complicated and uncomplicated infections. But most of them are struggling with the current challenge of resistance. Obviously, resistance to current antibiotic is a global issue as greatly caused therapeutic outcome and patient compliance. The current researchers are looking towards natural product specially plant-based product for effective and long term solutions. In this regard, alkaloids represent a very important therapeutic class of natural products with clinical significance. The review describes the antibacterial profile of plant based alkaloids. Alkaloid acts as an emerging therapy for bacterial infections by inhibiting a broad range of gram positive and gram negative bacteria that were mostly resistant to current therapies. It was concluded that these alkaloids could be useful and effective therapeutic alternative to existing therapies that are extensively facing challenges of resistance. The current need is to focus on the clinical and safety aspects of these reported preclinical studies. Thus, it could be expected that plant alkaloids will be the popular drugs of future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aini Pervaiz
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Surriya Amin
- Department of Botany, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Baruah L, Malik PK, Kolte AP, Dhali A, Bhatta R. Methane mitigation potential of phyto-sources from Northeast India and their effect on rumen fermentation characteristics and protozoa in vitro. Vet World 2018; 11:809-818. [PMID: 30034174 PMCID: PMC6048080 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.809-818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the study was to explore the anti-methanogenic potential of phyto-sources from Northeast region of the country and assess the effect on rumen fermentation characteristics and protozoa for their likely inclusion in animal diet to reduce methane emission. Materials and Methods: Twenty phyto-sources were collected from Northeast state, Assam, during March to April 2014. Phyto-sources were analyzed for their tannin content followed by screening for methane mitigation potential using in vitro system. The effect of tannin on methane production and other fermentation parameters was confirmed by attenuating the effect of tannin with polyethylene glycol (PEG)-6000 addition. About 200 mg dried phyto-source samples were incubated for 24 h in vitro, and volume of gas produced was recorded. The gas sample was analyzed on gas chromatograph for the proportion of methane in the sample. The effect of phyto-sources on rumen fermentation characteristics and protozoal population was determined using standard methodologies. Results: Results from studies demonstrated that Litchi chinensis, Melastoma malabathricum, Lagerstroemia speciosa, Terminalia chebula, and Syzygium cumini produced comparatively less methane, while Christella parasitica, Leucas linifolia, Citrus grandis, and Aquilaria malaccensis produced relatively more methane during in vitro incubation. An increase (p<0.05) in gas and methane production from the phyto-sources was observed when incubated with PEG-6000. Entodinimorphs were prominent ciliates irrespective of the phyto-sources, while holotrichs represented only small fraction of protozoa. An increase (p<0.05) in total protozoa, entodinimorphs, and holotrichs was noted when PEG-6000 added to the basal substrate. Our study confirmed variable impact of phyto-sources on total volatile fatty acid production and ammonia-N. Conclusion: It may be concluded that L. chinensis, M. malabathricum, L. speciosa, S. cumini, and T. chebula are having potent methane suppressing properties as observed in vitro in 24 h. These leaves could be supplemented in the animal diet for reducing methane emission; however, in vivo trials are warranted to confirm the methane inhibitory action and optimize the level of supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luna Baruah
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru - 560 030, Karnataka, India.,Faculty of Biotechnology, Jain University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar Malik
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru - 560 030, Karnataka, India
| | - Atul P Kolte
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru - 560 030, Karnataka, India
| | - Arindam Dhali
- Energy Metabolism Laboratory, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru - 560 030, Karnataka, India
| | - Raghavendra Bhatta
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bengaluru - 560 030, Karnataka, India
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da Silva VDA, da Silva AMM, E Silva JHC, Costa SL. Neurotoxicity of Prosopis juliflora: from Natural Poisoning to Mechanism of Action of Its Piperidine Alkaloids. Neurotox Res 2018; 34:878-888. [PMID: 29340871 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-017-9862-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Prosopis juliflora was introduced in northeastern Brazil in the 1940s, and since then, it has been available as an alternative for animal nutrition. However, the consumption of P. juliflora as main or sole source of food causes an illness in animals known locally as "cara torta" disease. Cattle and goats experimentally intoxicated presents neurotoxic damage in the central nervous system. Histologic lesions were mainly characterized by vacuolation and loss of neurons in trigeminal motor nuclei. Furthermore, mitochondrial damage in neurons and gliosis was reported in trigeminal nuclei of intoxicated cattle. Studies, using neural cell cultures, have reproduced the main cellular alterations visualized in cara torta disease and contributed to understanding the mechanism of action piperidine alkaloids, the main neurotoxic compound in P. juliflora leaves and pods. Here, we will present aspects of the biological and toxicological properties of P. juliflora and its pharmacologically active compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Diogenes Amaral da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, 40110-100, Brazil.
| | - André Mario Mendes da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Juliana Helena Castro E Silva
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Silvia Lima Costa
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, 40110-100, Brazil
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Lima HG, Gomes DC, Santos NS, Dias ÊR, Botura MB, Batatinha MJM, Branco A. Prosopis juliflora Pods Alkaloid-rich Fraction: In vitro Anthelmintic Activity on Goat Gastrointestinal Parasites and Its Cytotoxicity on Vero Cells. Pharmacogn Mag 2017; 13:S684-S687. [PMID: 29142433 PMCID: PMC5669116 DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_3_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study was designed to assess the in vitro anthelmintic activity of the fraction containing alkaloid from Prosopis juliflora pods on goat gastrointestinal nematodes using the egg hatch assay (EHA), larval migration inhibition assay (LMIA), and larval motility assay (LMA). Materials and Methods: The alkaloid-rich fraction (AF) – content juliprosopine as major alkaloid – was obtained from ethyl acetate extract after fractionation in Sephadex LH-20 chromatography column and its characterization were made by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis together with literature data comparison. The concentrations tested were 4.0, 2.67, 1.78, 1.19, and 0.79 mg/mL (EHA) and 4 mg/mL (LMIA and LMA). The in vitro cytotoxicity on Vero cell cultures was determined with the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and trypan blue tests. Results: High ovicidal activity was observed with IC50 and IC90 values at 1.1 and 1.43 mg/mL for AF. On the other hand, this fraction showed low larvicidal activity and high toxic effect. Conclusion: Thus, P. juliflora pod alkaloid rich-fraction has ovicidal activity in vitro against goat gastrointestinal nematodes and cytotoxic in Vero cell cultures. SUMMARY Prosopis juliflora alkaloid-rich fraction (AF) showed in vitro anthelmintic effect against gastrointestinal nematodes of goats The AF was more effective against eggs than third larval stage (L3) of gastrointestinal nematodes The AF showed cytotoxicity activity on Vero cell line The juliprosopine was the main alkaloid found in the AF from P. juliflora pods.
Abbreviations used: AF: Alkaloid-rich fraction; DMSO: Dimethyl sulfoxide; EE: Ethyl acetate extract; EHA: Egg hatch assay; IC50: Inhibitory concentration 50%; IC90: Inhibitory concentration 90%; L3: Infective larvae; LMA: Larval motility assay; LMIA: Larval migration inhibition assay; MTT: Bromide 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide; NMR: Nuclear magnetic resonance; PBS: Phosphate buffered saline; RPMI: Roswell Park Memorial Institute médium; TLC: Thin Layer Chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helimar Gonçalves Lima
- Department of Pathology and Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Danilo Cavalcante Gomes
- Department of Pathology and Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Nathália Silva Santos
- Department of Pathology and Clinics, School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Êuder Reis Dias
- Department of Health, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Mariana Borges Botura
- Department of Health, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Alexsandro Branco
- Department of Health, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
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de Jesus Pereira TC, Pereira MLA, Moreira JV, Azevêdo JAG, Batista R, de Paula VF, Oliveira BS, de Jesus Dos Santos E. Effects of alkaloid extracts of mesquite pod on the products of in vitro rumen fermentation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:4301-4311. [PMID: 27757749 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7761-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of alkaloid extracts of Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) D.C. pods obtained by two extraction methods as compared with sodium monensin on the gas production kinetic, mitigation of methane, and rumen fermentation products using wheat bran or Tifton 85 hay as substrates, by the semi-automatic in vitro gas production technique. A completely randomized design was adopted, and two natural additives were tested made from mesquite pod (alkaloid extract I and alkaloid extract II) at three levels (3.9, 7.9, and 12 μg), sodium monensin 5 μM (positive control), and no inclusion of additives (negative control). The volume of gases produced by the degradation of the fibrous fraction of wheat bran was influenced by the concentration of the extract I added to the medium, and the amounts of 7.9 and 12 μg were equal to monensin at the lowest value. The degradation rate of the fibrous carbohydrates with additive extract I at 12 μg was lower in relation to monensin. When Tifton 85 hay was utilized, alkaloid extract I provided a shorter colonization time as compared with monensin at the added amounts of 7.9 and 12 μg and higher production of gases from the fibrous fraction but without interfering with the total volume of gases produced during 96 h of fermentation of carbohydrates. In the periods of 12 and 24 h of incubation, utilizing alkaloid extract I, the mean values of methane production with wheat bran and Tifton 85 hay were lower than monensin (p < 0.05) when the respective amounts of 7.9 and 12 μg were added. Alkaloid extract I has similar potential to sodium in reducing production of total gases, methane, and the acetate/propionate ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiala Cristina de Jesus Pereira
- Department of Animal and Rural Technology, State University of Southwest Bahia, BR 415, Km 03, s/n, 45, Itapetinga, BA, 45.700-000, Brazil.
| | - Mara Lúcia Albuquerque Pereira
- Department of Animal and Rural Technology, State University of Southwest Bahia, BR 415, Km 03, s/n, 45, Itapetinga, BA, 45.700-000, Brazil
| | - Jeruzia Vitória Moreira
- Department of Animal and Rural Technology, State University of Southwest Bahia, BR 415, Km 03, s/n, 45, Itapetinga, BA, 45.700-000, Brazil
| | - José Augusto Gomes Azevêdo
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Santa Cruz, Rodovia Ilhéus, Itabuna, Km 16, Salobrinho, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Ronan Batista
- Instituto of Chemistry, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Barão de Geremoabo, s/n, Ondina, Salvador, BA, 40170-290, Brazil
| | - Vanderlúcia Fonseca de Paula
- Department of Animal and Rural Technology, State University of Southwest Bahia, BR 415, Km 03, s/n, 45, Itapetinga, BA, 45.700-000, Brazil
| | - Brena Santos Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, State University of Santa Cruz, Rodovia Ilhéus, Itabuna, Km 16, Salobrinho, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Edileusa de Jesus Dos Santos
- Department of Animal and Rural Technology, State University of Southwest Bahia, BR 415, Km 03, s/n, 45, Itapetinga, BA, 45.700-000, Brazil
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Henciya S, Seturaman P, James AR, Tsai YH, Nikam R, Wu YC, Dahms HU, Chang FR. Biopharmaceutical potentials of Prosopis spp. (Mimosaceae, Leguminosa). J Food Drug Anal 2016; 25:187-196. [PMID: 28911536 PMCID: PMC9333427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prosopis is a commercially important plant genus, which has been used since ancient times, particularly for medicinal purposes. Traditionally, Paste, gum, and smoke from leaves and pods are applied for anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial purposes. Components of Prosopis such as flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, quinones, or phenolic compounds demonstrate potentials in various biofunctions, such as analgesic, anthelmintic, antibiotic, antiemetic, microbial antioxidant, antimalarial, anti-protozoal, antipustule, and antiulcer activities; enhancement of H+, K+, ATPases; oral disinfection; and probiotic and nutritional effects; as well as in other biopharmaceutical applications, such as binding abilities for tablet production. The compound juliflorine provides a cure in Alzheimer disease by inhibiting acetylcholine esterase at cholinergic brain synapses. Some indirect medicinal applications of Prosopis spp. are indicated, including antimosquito larvicidal activity, chemical synthesis by associated fungal or bacterial symbionts, cyanobacterial degradation products, “mesquite” honey and pollens with high antioxidant activity, etc. This review will reveal the origins, distribution, folk
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhaseelan Henciya
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Biomedical Science and Environment Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Prabha Seturaman
- Department of Microbiology, Annai College of Arts & Science, Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arthur Rathinam James
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Yi-Hong Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Rahul Nikam
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Chang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medicinal University, Taiwan; Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hans-Uwe Dahms
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environment Biology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan.
| | - Fang Rong Chang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan; Center for Infectious Disease and Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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da Silva CS, de Souza EJO, Pereira GFC, Cavalcante EO, de Lima EIM, Torres TR, da Silva JRC, da Silva DC. Plant extracts as phytogenic additives considering intake, digestibility, and feeding behavior of sheep. Trop Anim Health Prod 2016; 49:353-359. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-016-1199-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Zulfareen N, Kannan K, Venugopal T. Effect of Methanol Extract of Prosopis juliflora on Mild Steel Corrosion in 1M HCl. CHEMISTRY & CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.23939/chcht10.01.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Okeke NC, Udeani TKC, Onyebuchi UL. Wound-healing and antimicrobial properties of dichloromethane fraction of Dialium guineense (Wild) fruit coat. Res Pharm Sci 2016; 11:219-26. [PMID: 27499791 PMCID: PMC4962302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This research established the scientific bases for the folkloric use of the neglected Dialium guineense fruit coat in wound and microbial infection management in Nigeria. The phytochemical analysis of the crude extract, fractions and sub-fractions was performed by standard methods. Agar well diffusion protocol was adopted for the antimicrobial assay while the wound healing properties was determined by full thickness skin excision wound model. Phytochemical analysis showed high relative proportion of alkaloids (6.05 ± 0.98 %), saponins (3.91 ± 0.02 %) and tannins (1.86 ± 0.05 %). The only active fraction (DF) and sub-fraction (DF-5) were effective against Gram-positive (inhibition zone diameters, IZDs, 8-10 mm and 11-15 mm) and Gram-negative (IZDs, 15-19 mm and 16-21 mm) bacteria and fungi (6-8 mm) compared with 20-24 mm and 18-19 mm of the standard (ciprofloxacin) respectively. Fifty mg/kg of the DF-5 showed nearly equal percentage wound healing post-surgery days to Cicatrin®. The 50 mg/kg dose of DF and DF-5 showed more than 50 % wound healing at 10(th) day post-surgery, 50 mg/kg crude extract showed 54 % on day 14 while distilled water showed 56 % wound healing on day 17 with no sign of infection in all animal groups. All the treatments were significantly (P<0.01) different from control (distilled water) in wound healing by the 10(th) and 17(th) post-surgery days. The studies revealed that the fruit coat, which hitherto was treated as wastes could be explored for antimicrobial and wound healing properties against the backdrop of continually emerging antibiotic resistant strains of microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nnadi Charles Okeke
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria,Corresponding author: Nnadi Charles Okeke Tel: 0023 48064947734, Fax: 00492518334677
| | - Theophilus KC Udeani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
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Preliminary Phytochemical Screening and Biological Activities of Bulbine abyssinica Used in the Folk Medicine in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:617607. [PMID: 26579202 PMCID: PMC4633689 DOI: 10.1155/2015/617607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bulbine abyssinica A. Rich. is used in traditional medicine to treat rheumatism, dysentery, bilharzia, cracked lips, back pain, infertility, diabetes mellitus, and gastrointestinal, vaginal, and bladder infections. Therefore, preliminary phytochemical screening, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties of the whole plant (acetone and aqueous extracts) were determined using standard procedures. The in vitro antioxidant model assays revealed that the plant possesses free radical scavenging potential varying with free radical species. The species showed significant protein denaturation inhibitory activity with good protection against erythrocyte membrane lysis indicating anti-inflammatory potential. The results also showed that the species was active against the growth of all the selected eight diabetic status opportunistic bacteria except one. Moreover, the species is characterized by appreciable amounts of total phenols, flavonoids, flavanols, proanthocyanidins, and alkaloids. Traces amounts of saponins and tannins were also observed. Amongst the identified phytochemicals present, empirical searches identified them being antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial agents. The identification of these phytochemical constituents with their known pharmacological properties indicates that this plant is a good source of the free radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial agents. These findings also account for the multipharmacological use of B. abyssinica in fork medicine.
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Abstract
This review of simple indolizidine and quinolizidine alkaloids (i.e., those in which the parent bicyclic systems are in general not embedded in polycyclic arrays) is an update of the previous coverage in Volume 55 of this series (2001). The present survey covers the literature from mid-1999 to the end of 2013; and in addition to aspects of the isolation, characterization, and biological activity of the alkaloids, much emphasis is placed on their total synthesis. A brief introduction to the topic is followed by an overview of relevant alkaloids from fungal and microbial sources, among them slaframine, cyclizidine, Steptomyces metabolites, and the pantocins. The important iminosugar alkaloids lentiginosine, steviamine, swainsonine, castanospermine, and related hydroxyindolizidines are dealt with in the subsequent section. The fourth and fifth sections cover metabolites from terrestrial plants. Pertinent plant alkaloids bearing alkyl, functionalized alkyl or alkenyl substituents include dendroprimine, anibamine, simple alkaloids belonging to the genera Prosopis, Elaeocarpus, Lycopodium, and Poranthera, and bicyclic alkaloids of the lupin family. Plant alkaloids bearing aryl or heteroaryl substituents include ipalbidine and analogs, secophenanthroindolizidine and secophenanthroquinolizidine alkaloids (among them septicine, julandine, and analogs), ficuseptine, lasubines, and other simple quinolizidines of the Lythraceae, the simple furyl-substituted Nuphar alkaloids, and a mixed quinolizidine-quinazoline alkaloid. The penultimate section of the review deals with the sizable group of simple indolizidine and quinolizidine alkaloids isolated from, or detected in, ants, mites, and terrestrial amphibians, and includes an overview of the "dietary hypothesis" for the origin of the amphibian metabolites. The final section surveys relevant alkaloids from marine sources, and includes clathryimines and analogs, stellettamides, the clavepictines and pictamine, and bis(quinolizidine) alkaloids.
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