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Xie B, Zhao Z, Wang X, Wang Q, Yuan X, Guo C, Xu L. Exogenous protectants alleviate ozone stress in Trifolium repens: Impacts on plant growth and endophytic fungi. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109059. [PMID: 39178802 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Industrialization-driven surface ozone (O3) pollution significantly impairs plant growth. This study evaluates the effectiveness of exogenous protectants [3 mg L⁻1 abscisic acid (ABA), 400 mg L⁻1 ethylenediurea (EDU), and 80 mg L⁻1 spermidine (Spd)] on Trifolium repens subjected to O3 stress in open-top chambers, focusing on plant growth and dynamics of culturable endophytic fungal communities. Results indicate that O3 exposure adversely affects photosynthesis, reducing root biomass and altering root structure, which further impacts the ability of plant to absorb essential nutrients such as potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and zinc (Zn). Conversely, the application of ABA, EDU, and Spd significantly enhanced total biomass and chlorophyll content in T. repens. Specifically, ABA and Spd significantly improved root length, root surface area, and root volume, while EDU effectively reduced leaves' malondialdehyde levels, indicating decreased oxidative stress. Moreover, ABA and Spd treatments significantly increased leaf endophytic fungal diversity, while root fungal abundance declined. The relative abundance of Alternaria in leaves was substantially reduced by these treatments, which correlated with enhanced chlorophyll content and photosynthesis. Concurrently, EDU and Spd treatments increased the abundance of Plectosphaerella, enhance the absorption of K, Ca, and Mg. In roots, ABA treatment increased the abundance of Paecilomyces, while Spd treatment enhanced the presence of Stemphylium, linked to improved nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and K uptake. These findings suggest that specific symbiotic fungi mitigate O3-induced stress by enhancing nutrient absorption, promoting growth. This study highlights the potential of exogenous protectants to enhance plant resilience against O3 pollution through modulating interactions with endophytic fungal communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xie
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China.
| | - Zipeng Zhao
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China.
| | - Xiaona Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China.
| | - Xiangyang Yuan
- Department of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology (NUIST), Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Chang Guo
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China.
| | - Lang Xu
- College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China.
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Laskoś K, Czyczyło-Mysza IM, Waligórski P, Dziurka K, Skrzypek E, Warchoł M, Juzoń-Sikora K, Janowiak F, Dziurka M, Grzesiak MT, Grzesiak S, Quarrie S, Marcińska I. Characterising Biological and Physiological Drought Signals in Diverse Parents of a Wheat Mapping Population. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6573. [PMID: 38928284 PMCID: PMC11203422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Water deficit affects the growth as well as physiological and biochemical processes in plants. The aim of this study was to determine differences in physiological and biochemical responses to drought stress in two wheat cultivars-Chinese Spring (CS) and SQ1 (which are parents of a mapping population of doubled haploid lines)-and to relate these responses to final yield and agronomic traits. Drought stress was induced by withholding water for 14 days, after which plants were re-watered and maintained until harvest. Instantaneous gas exchange parameters were evaluated on the 3rd, 5th, 10th, and 14th days of seedling growth under drought. After 14 days, water content and levels of chlorophyll a+b, carotenoids, malondialdehyde, soluble carbohydrates, phenolics, salicylic acid, abscisic acid (ABA), and polyamines were measured. At final maturity, yield components (grain number and weight), biomass, straw weight, and harvest index were evaluated. Physiological and biochemical parameters of CS responded more than those of SQ1 to the 14-day drought, reflected in a greater reduction in final biomass and yield in CS. Marked biochemical differences between responses of CS and SQ1 to the drought were found for soluble carbohydrates and polyamines. These would be good candidates for testing in the mapping population for the coincidence of the genetic control of these traits and final biomass and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Laskoś
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Ilona Mieczysława Czyczyło-Mysza
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Piotr Waligórski
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Kinga Dziurka
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Edyta Skrzypek
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Marzena Warchoł
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Katarzyna Juzoń-Sikora
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Franciszek Janowiak
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Michał Dziurka
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Maciej T. Grzesiak
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Stanisław Grzesiak
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Steve Quarrie
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Izabela Marcińska
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
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Zhang J, Zhang M, Wang M, Wu Y, Shi Y, Chen Y, Feng R, Yang X, Chen X, Wang B. High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Quantification of the Plant Hormone Abscisic Acid at ppb Levels in Plant Samples after a Single Immunoaffinity Column Cleanup. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:11794-11803. [PMID: 38739902 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
High-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) is a common analysis technique due to its high versatility and simple operation. In the present study, HPLC-UV detection was integrated with immunoaffinity cleanup (IAC) of the sample extracts. The matrix effect was greatly reduced, and the limit of detection was as low as 1 ng/g of free abscisic acid (ABA) in fresh plant tissues. A monoclonal antibody 3F1 (mAb 3F1) was developed to specifically recognize free ABA but not ABA analogues. The mAb 3F1-immobilized immunoaffinity column exhibited a capacity of 850 ng/mL and an elution efficiency of 88.8-105% for standards. The extraction recoveries of the column for ABA ranged from 80.4 to 108.9%. ABA content was detected in various plant samples with IAC-HPLC-UV. The results were verified with ultraperformance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. IAC-HPLC-UV can be a sensitive and cost-efficient method for plant hormone analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Man Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mian Wang
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610039, China
| | - Yixuan Wu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yang Shi
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Rui Feng
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoling Yang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaojiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Baomin Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Ji X, Tang J, Zheng X, Li A, Zhang J. The regulating mechanism of salt tolerance of black walnut seedlings was revealed by the physiological and biochemical integration analysis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108548. [PMID: 38552263 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Salt stress is an important abiotic stress that seriously affects plant growth. In order to research the salt tolerance of walnut rootstocks so as to provide scientific basis for screening salt-tolerant walnut rootstocks, two kinds of black walnut seedlings, Juglans microcarpa L. (JM) and Juglans nigra L. (JN), were treated under salt stress with different concentrations of NaCl (0, 50, 100, and 200 mM) and the growth situation of seedlings were observed. The physiological indexes of JM and JN seedlings were also measured in different days after treatment. Our study showed salt stress inhibited seedlings growth and limited biomass accumulation. Walnut mainly increased osmotic adjustment ability by accumulation Pro and SS. Furthermore, with the duration of treatment time increased, SOD and APX activities decreased, TPC and TFC contents increased. Walnut accumulated Na mostly in roots and transported more K and Ca to aboveground parts. The growth and physiological response performance differed between JM and JN, specifically, the differences occurred in the ability to absorb minerals, regulate osmotic stress, and scavenge ROS. Salt tolerance of JM and JN was assessed by principal component analysis (PCA) and resulted in JN > JM. In conclusion, our results indicated that JN has higher salt tolerance than JM, and JN might be used as a potential germplasm resource for the genetic breeding of walnuts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Jiali Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Xu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Ao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Junpei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
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5
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Aslam A, Mahmood A, Ur-Rehman H, Li C, Liang X, Shao J, Negm S, Moustafa M, Aamer M, Hassan MU. Plant Adaptation to Flooding Stress under Changing Climate Conditions: Ongoing Breakthroughs and Future Challenges. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3824. [PMID: 38005721 PMCID: PMC10675391 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Climate-change-induced variations in temperature and rainfall patterns are a serious threat across the globe. Flooding is the foremost challenge to agricultural productivity, and it is believed to become more intense under a changing climate. Flooding is a serious form of stress that significantly reduces crop yields, and future climatic anomalies are predicted to make the problem even worse in many areas of the world. To cope with the prevailing flooding stress, plants have developed different morphological and anatomical adaptations in their roots, aerenchyma cells, and leaves. Therefore, researchers are paying more attention to identifying developed and adopted molecular-based plant mechanisms with the objective of obtaining flooding-resistant cultivars. In this review, we discuss the various physiological, anatomical, and morphological adaptations (aerenchyma cells, ROL barriers (redial O2 loss), and adventitious roots) and the phytohormonal regulation in plants under flooding stress. This review comprises ongoing innovations and strategies to mitigate flooding stress, and it also provides new insights into how this knowledge can be used to improve productivity in the scenario of a rapidly changing climate and increasing flood intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Aslam
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (A.A.); (H.U.-R.)
| | - Athar Mahmood
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan;
| | - Hafeez Ur-Rehman
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (A.A.); (H.U.-R.)
| | - Cunwu Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Institute of Water Resources Research, Nanning 530023, China; (C.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Xuewen Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Institute of Water Resources Research, Nanning 530023, China; (C.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Jinhua Shao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Institute of Water Resources Research, Nanning 530023, China; (C.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Sally Negm
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Science and Art Mahyel Aseer, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mahmoud Moustafa
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muhammad Aamer
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (M.A.); (M.U.H.)
| | - Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (M.A.); (M.U.H.)
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Laskoś K, Myśków B, Dziurka M, Warchoł M, Dziurka K, Juzoń K, Czyczyło-Mysza IM. Variation between glaucous and non-glaucous near-isogenic lines of rye (Secale cereale L.) under drought stress. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22486. [PMID: 36577794 PMCID: PMC9797576 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26869-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucous (811, L35, and RXL10) and non-glaucous (811bw, L35bw, and RXL10bw) near-isogenic lines (NILs) of rye (Secale cereale L.) forming three pairs of inbred lines were the subject of the research. The research aimed to study the relationship between wax cover attributes and the physio-biochemical drought reactions and yield of rye NILs and to uncover the differences in drought resistance levels of these lines. The greatest differences between glaucous and non-glaucous NILs were observed in the RXL10/RXL10bw pair. Of particular note were the stable grain number and the thousand grain weight of the non-glaucous line RXL10bw under drought and the accompanying reactions, such as an approximately 60% increase in MDA and a two-fold increase in wax amount, both of which were significantly higher than in the glaucous line RXL10 and in other NILs. The surprisingly high level of MDA in the RXL10bw line requires further analysis. Moreover, additional wax crystal aggregates were found under drought conditions on the abaxial leaf surface of the glaucous lines 811 and RXL10. The use of rye NILs indicated that line-specific drought resistance could be associated with wax biosynthetic pathways involved in physiological and biochemical responses important for increased drought resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Laskoś
- grid.460372.4The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
| | - Beata Myśków
- grid.411391.f0000 0001 0659 0011Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, West-Pomeranian University of Technology, Słowackiego 17, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Michał Dziurka
- grid.460372.4The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
| | - Marzena Warchoł
- grid.460372.4The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
| | - Kinga Dziurka
- grid.460372.4The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Juzoń
- grid.460372.4The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ilona M. Czyczyło-Mysza
- grid.460372.4The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
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Lee S, Jeon D, Choi S, Kang Y, Seo S, Kwon S, Lyu J, Ahn J, Seo J, Kim C. Expression Profile of Sorghum Genes and Cis-Regulatory Elements under Salt-Stress Conditions. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11070869. [PMID: 35406848 PMCID: PMC9003456 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Salinity stress is one of the most important abiotic stresses that causes great losses in crop production worldwide. Identifying the molecular mechanisms of salt resistance in sorghum will help develop salt-tolerant crops with high yields. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is one of the world’s four major grains and is known as a plant with excellent adaptability to salt stress. Among the various genotypes of sorghum, a Korean cultivar Nampungchal is also highly tolerant to salt. However, little is known about how Nampungchal responds to salt stress. In this study, we measured various physiological parameters, including Na+ and K+ contents, in leaves grown under saline conditions and investigated the expression patterns of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using QuantSeq analysis. These DEG analyses revealed that genes up-regulated in a 150 mM NaCl treatment have various functions related to abiotic stresses, such as ERF and DREB. In addition, transcription factors such as ABA, WRKY, MYB, and bZip bind to the CREs region of sorghum and are involved in the regulation of various abiotic stress-responsive transcriptions, including salt stress. These findings may deepen our understanding of the mechanisms of salt tolerance in sorghum and other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solji Lee
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (S.L.); (S.C.); (Y.K.)
| | - Donghyun Jeon
- Department of Smart Agriculture Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (D.J.); (S.S.)
| | - Sehyun Choi
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (S.L.); (S.C.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yuna Kang
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (S.L.); (S.C.); (Y.K.)
| | - Sumin Seo
- Department of Smart Agriculture Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (D.J.); (S.S.)
| | - Soonjae Kwon
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (Advanced Radiation Technology Institute), Jeongeup 56212, Korea; (S.K.); (J.L.); (J.A.); (J.S.)
| | - Jaeil Lyu
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (Advanced Radiation Technology Institute), Jeongeup 56212, Korea; (S.K.); (J.L.); (J.A.); (J.S.)
- Department of Horticulture, College of Industrial Sciences, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Korea
| | - Joonwoo Ahn
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (Advanced Radiation Technology Institute), Jeongeup 56212, Korea; (S.K.); (J.L.); (J.A.); (J.S.)
| | - Jisu Seo
- Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (Advanced Radiation Technology Institute), Jeongeup 56212, Korea; (S.K.); (J.L.); (J.A.); (J.S.)
| | - Changsoo Kim
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (S.L.); (S.C.); (Y.K.)
- Department of Smart Agriculture Systems, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (D.J.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Kosakivska IV, Vedenicheva NP, Babenko LM, Voytenko LV, Romanenko KO, Vasyuk VA. Exogenous phytohormones in the regulation of growth and development of cereals under abiotic stresses. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:617-628. [PMID: 34669126 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06802-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses, among which extreme temperatures, salinity, drought, UV radiation, heavy metal pollution, etc., adversely affect the growth and yield of cereals, the most important group of monocotyledonous plants that have met the nutritional and other needs of mankind for thousands of years. To cope with stress, plants deploy certain adaptive strategies that combine morphological, physiological, and biochemical responses, and on which growth and productivity depend. An important place in the formation of such strategies is occupied by phytohormones - signaling biomolecules of a different chemical structure and physicochemical properties, which act in nanomolar concentrations and regulate most physiological and metabolic processes of plants. In this review, the latest literature data concerning the growth and development regulation by exogenous phytohormones in cereals under abiotic stresses have been analyzed and summarized. The effects of priming and foliar treatment with abscisic acid, gibberellins, auxins, cytokinins, brassinosteroids, jasmonic and salicylic acids on the cultivated cereals tolerance to different abiotic stressors are discussed. Peculiarities of bilateral and multilateral hormonal signaling in the formation of responses of cultivated cereals to abiotic stressors after application of exogenous phytohormones are considered. The issue of exogenous phytohormones effects on molecular mechanisms controlling the synthesis of endogenous hormones, their signaling and activity are singled out. It is emphasized that phytohormonal engineering opens new opportunities to increase yields and is seen as an important promising approach to overcoming the cereal losses caused by adverse external factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna V Kosakivska
- M. G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tereshchenkivska st. 2, 01004, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Nina P Vedenicheva
- M. G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tereshchenkivska st. 2, 01004, Kyiv, Ukraine.
| | - Lidiya M Babenko
- M. G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tereshchenkivska st. 2, 01004, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Lesya V Voytenko
- M. G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tereshchenkivska st. 2, 01004, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Kateryna O Romanenko
- M. G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tereshchenkivska st. 2, 01004, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Valentyna A Vasyuk
- M. G. Kholodny Institute of Botany of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Tereshchenkivska st. 2, 01004, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Upadhyay RK, Fatima T, Handa AK, Mattoo AK. Differential Association of Free, Conjugated, and Bound Forms of Polyamines and Transcript Abundance of Their Biosynthetic and Catabolic Genes During Drought/Salinity Stress in Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) Leaves. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:743568. [PMID: 34721469 PMCID: PMC8555666 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.743568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines have been implicated in ameliorating the detrimental effects of drought and saline conditions on plant growth and development. The independent impact of these two abiotic stresses on polyamine (PA) biosynthesis, catabolism, and homeostasis, as well as on their transcript abundance in tomato leaves, is presented here. We show that the total levels of putrescine (PUT), spermidine (SPD), and spermine (SPM) increase up to 72 h during drought and up to 48 h during salinity stress before their precipitable drop thereafter. Thus, tomato plants maintain survivability to drought as well as salinity stress for up to 3 and 2 days, respectively. Independent multivariant analyses of drought and salinity stress kinetic data separately showed a closer association with levels of free, conjugated, and bound forms of SPD and SPM, but not with free or bound PUT. However, combined multivariant analyses showed a closer association of free SPD, conjugated SPD, and bound SPD with both stresses; SPD-bound and SPM conjugated with drought; and free SPM and conjugated PUT with salinity stress, respectively. PA biosynthesis genes, ARG1, SPDS1, and SAMDc3, segregated with drought and SPDS2 with salinity stress. PA catabolic genes CuAO4-like and PAO4 were associated with drought and salinity stresses, respectively, suggesting differential involvement of PA biosynthesis and catabolic genes in drought and salinity stresses. Pearson correlation indicated mostly positive correlations between the levels of free, conjugated, and bound forms of PUT, SPD, and SPM under drought and salinity stress. However, negative correlations were mostly seen between the levels of various forms of the PAs and their biosynthesis/catabolic genes. Levels of different PA forms had a twofold higher negative correlation during drought as compared to salinity stress (66 vs. 32) and with transcript levels of PA biosynthesis and catabolic genes. Transcripts of light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding genes were generally positively associated with different forms of PAs but negatively to carbon flow genes. Most of the PA biosynthesis genes were coordinately regulated under both stresses. Collectively, these results indicate that PAs are distinctly regulated under drought and salinity stress with different but specific homologs of PA biosynthesis and catabolic genes contributing to the accumulation of free, conjugated, and bound forms of PAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh K Upadhyay
- Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, United States
- Center of Plant Biology, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Tahira Fatima
- Center of Plant Biology, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Avtar K Handa
- Center of Plant Biology, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Autar K Mattoo
- Sustainable Agricultural Systems Laboratory, Henry A. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, United States
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10
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Hezema YS, Shukla MR, Goel A, Ayyanath MM, Sherif SM, Saxena PK. Rootstocks Overexpressing StNPR1 and StDREB1 Improve Osmotic Stress Tolerance of Wild-Type Scion in Transgrafted Tobacco Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8398. [PMID: 34445105 PMCID: PMC8395105 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In grafted plants, the movement of long-distance signals from rootstocks can modulate the development and function of the scion. To understand the mechanisms by which tolerant rootstocks improve scion responses to osmotic stress (OS) conditions, mRNA transport of osmotic responsive genes (ORGs) was evaluated in a tomato/potato heterograft system. In this system, Solanum tuberosum was used as a rootstock and Solanum lycopersicum as a scion. We detected changes in the gene expression levels of 13 out of the 21 ORGs tested in the osmotically stressed plants; of these, only NPR1 transcripts were transported across the graft union under both normal and OS conditions. Importantly, OS increased the abundance of StNPR1 transcripts in the tomato scion. To examine mRNA mobility in transgrafted plants, StNPR1 and StDREB1 genes representing the mobile and non-mobile transcripts, respectively, were overexpressed in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). The evaluation of transgenic tobacco plants indicated that overexpression of these genes enhanced the growth and improved the physiological status of transgenic plants growing under OS conditions induced by NaCl, mannitol and polyethylene glycol (PEG). We also found that transgenic tobacco rootstocks increased the OS tolerance of the WT-scion. Indeed, WT scions on transgenic rootstocks had higher ORGs transcript levels than their counterparts on non-transgenic rootstocks. However, neither StNPR1 nor StDREB1 transcripts were transported from the transgenic rootstock to the wild-type (WT) tobacco scion, suggesting that other long-distance signals downstream these transgenes could have moved across the graft union leading to OS tolerance. Overall, our results signify the importance of StNPR1 and StDREB1 as two anticipated candidates for the development of stress-resilient crops through transgrafting technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine S. Hezema
- Gosling Research Institute for Plant Preservation, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (Y.S.H.); (M.R.S.); (A.G.); (M.M.A.)
- Department of Horticulture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22713, El-Beheira, Egypt
| | - Mukund R. Shukla
- Gosling Research Institute for Plant Preservation, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (Y.S.H.); (M.R.S.); (A.G.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Alok Goel
- Gosling Research Institute for Plant Preservation, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (Y.S.H.); (M.R.S.); (A.G.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Murali M. Ayyanath
- Gosling Research Institute for Plant Preservation, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (Y.S.H.); (M.R.S.); (A.G.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Sherif M. Sherif
- Alson H. Smith Jr. Agricultural Research and Extension Center, School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Winchester, VA 22602, USA
| | - Praveen K. Saxena
- Gosling Research Institute for Plant Preservation, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; (Y.S.H.); (M.R.S.); (A.G.); (M.M.A.)
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11
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Awan SA, Khan I, Rizwan M, Zhang X, Brestic M, Khan A, El-Sheikh MA, Alyemeni MN, Ali S, Huang L. Exogenous abscisic acid and jasmonic acid restrain polyethylene glycol-induced drought by improving the growth and antioxidative enzyme activities in pearl millet. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:809-819. [PMID: 33094486 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is one of the most immense and permanent constraints in agriculture, which leads to a massive loss of crop productivity. However, little is known about the mitigation role of exogenously applied abscisic acid (ABA) and jasmonic acid (JA) in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.) under PEG-induced drought stress. Therefore, the current study investigated the putative role of exogenous ABA and JA in improving drought stress tolerance in pearl millet. Thirteen-day-old seedlings were exposed to six different treatments as follow; control (ck), PEG-600 (20%), JA (100 μM), ABA (100 μM), PEG+JA, and PEG+ABA, and data were collected at 7 and 14 days after treatment (DAT). Results showed that PEG decreased plant growth while the oxidative damage increased due to over production of H2 O2 and MDA content as a result of decreased activities of the antioxidative enzymes including APX, CAT, and SOD in the leaves. However, exogenous ABA and JA positively enhanced the growth profile of seedlings by improving chlorophyll and relative water content under PEG treatment. A significant improvement was observed in the plant defense system resulting from increased activities of antioxidative enzymes due to exogenous ABA and JA under PEG. Overall, the performance of JA was found better than ABA under PEG-induced drought stress, and future investigations are needed to explore the potential effects of these phytohormones on the long-term crop management and productivity under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samrah A Awan
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Xinquan Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Aaqil Khan
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mohamed A El-Sheikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed N Alyemeni
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Linkai Huang
- Department of Grassland Science, Animal Science and Technology College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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12
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Lateef D, Mustafa K, Tahir N. Screening of Iraqi barley accessions under PEG-induced drought conditions. ALL LIFE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2021.1917456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Djshwar Lateef
- Biotechnology and Crop Sciences Department, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq
| | - Kamil Mustafa
- Biotechnology and Crop Sciences Department, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq
| | - Nawroz Tahir
- Horticulture Department, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq
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13
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Ghassemi S, Delangiz N, Asgari Lajayer B, Saghafi D, Maggi F. Review and future prospects on the mechanisms related to cold stress resistance and tolerance in medicinal plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chnaes.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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14
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Surówka E, Potocka I, Dziurka M, Wróbel-Marek J, Kurczyńska E, Żur I, Maksymowicz A, Gajewska E, Miszalski Z. Tocopherols mutual balance is a key player for maintaining Arabidopsis thaliana growth under salt stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 156:369-383. [PMID: 33007531 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Enhanced channeling carbon through pathways: shikimate/chorismate, benzenoid-phenylopropanoid or 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) provides a multitude of secondary metabolites and cell wall components and allows plants response to environmental stresses. Through the biosynthetic pathways, different secondary metabolites, like tocopherols (TCs), are bind to mutual dependencies and metabolic loops, that are not yet fully understood. We compared, in parallel, the influence of α- and γ-TCs on metabolites involved in osmoprotective/antioxidative response, and physico-chemical modification of plasma membrane and cell wall. We studied Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia ecotype (WT), mutant vte1 deficient in α- and γ-TCs, mutant vte4 over-accumulating γ-TC instead of α-TC, and transgenic line tmt over-accumulating α-TC; exposed to NaCl. The results indicate that salt stress activates β-carboxylation processes in WT plants and in plants with altered TCs accumulation. In α-TC-deficient plants, NaCl causes ACC decrease, but does not change SA, whose concentration remains higher than in α-TC accumulating plants. α/γ-TCs contents influence carbohydrates, poliamines, phenolic (caffeic, ferrulic, cinnamic) acids accumulation patterns. Salinity results in increased detection of the LM5 galactan and LM19 homogalacturonan epitopes in α-TC accumulating plants, and the LM6 arabinan and MAC207 AGP epitopes in α-TC deficient mutants. Parallel, plants with altered TCs composition show decreased both the cell turgor and elastic modulus determined at the individual cell level. α-TC deficient plants reveal lower values of cell turgor and elastic modulus, but higher cell hydraulic conductivity than α-TC accumulating plants. Under salt stress, α-TC shows stronger regulatory effect than γ-TC through the impact on chloroplastic biosynthetic pathways and ROS/osmotic-modulating compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Surówka
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Niezapominajek 21, 30-239, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Izabela Potocka
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Michał Dziurka
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Niezapominajek 21, 30-239, Kraków, Poland
| | - Justyna Wróbel-Marek
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Ewa Kurczyńska
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Iwona Żur
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Niezapominajek 21, 30-239, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Maksymowicz
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Niezapominajek 21, 30-239, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Gajewska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237, Łódź, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Miszalski
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Niezapominajek 21, 30-239, Kraków, Poland
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15
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Marcińska I, Dziurka K, Waligórski P, Janowiak F, Skrzypek E, Warchoł M, Juzoń K, Kapłoniak K, Czyczyło-Mysza IM. Exogenous Polyamines Only Indirectly Induce Stress Tolerance in Wheat Growing in Hydroponic Culture under Polyethylene Glycol-Induced Osmotic Stress. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10080151. [PMID: 32823849 PMCID: PMC7459500 DOI: 10.3390/life10080151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of osmotic stress caused by polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 in hydroponic culture on wheat seedlings of drought-resistant Chinese Spring (CS) and drought-susceptible SQ1 cultivar, and to examine the alleviative role of exogenous polyamines (PAs) applied to the medium. The assessment was based on physiological (chlorophyll a fluorescence kinetics, chlorophyll and water content) as well as biochemical (content of carbohydrates, phenols, proline, salicylic and abscisic acid, activity of low molecular weight antioxidants) parameters, measured after supplementation with PAs (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) on the 3rd, 5th and 7th day of the treatment. The results indicate that PAs ameliorate the effects of stress, indirectly and conditionally inducing stress tolerance of wheat seedlings. In contrast to the susceptible SQ1, the resistant CS cultivar activated its protective mechanisms, adjusting the degree of their activation to the level of the stress, depending on the genetic resources of the plant. Increased accumulation of antioxidants in the resistant CS in response to stress after the application of PAs confirms the hypothesis that PAs are involved in the signaling pathway determining the antioxidative response and the tolerance of wheat plants to drought stress.
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16
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Sun L, Di DW, Li G, Kronzucker HJ, Wu X, Shi W. Endogenous ABA alleviates rice ammonium toxicity by reducing ROS and free ammonium via regulation of the SAPK9-bZIP20 pathway. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:4562-4577. [PMID: 32064504 PMCID: PMC7475098 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium (NH4+) is one of the principal nitrogen (N) sources in soils, but is typically toxic already at intermediate concentrations. The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a pivotal role in responses to environmental stresses. However, the role of ABA under high-NH4+ stress in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is only marginally understood. Here, we report that elevated NH4+ can significantly accelerate tissue ABA accumulation. Mutants with high (Osaba8ox) and low levels of ABA (Osphs3-1) exhibit elevated tolerance or sensitivity to high-NH4+ stress, respectively. Furthermore, ABA can decrease NH4+-induced oxidative damage and tissue NH4+ accumulation by enhancing antioxidant and glutamine synthetase (GS)/glutamate synthetasae (GOGAT) enzyme activities. Using RNA sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR approaches, we ascertain that two genes, OsSAPK9 and OsbZIP20, are induced both by high NH4+ and by ABA. Our data indicate that OsSAPK9 interacts with OsbZIP20, and can phosphorylate OsbZIP20 and activate its function. When OsSAPK9 or OsbZIP20 are knocked out in rice, ABA-mediated antioxidant and GS/GOGAT activity enhancement under high-NH4+ stress disappear, and the two mutants are more sensitive to high-NH4+ stress compared with their wild types. Taken together, our results suggest that ABA plays a positive role in regulating the OsSAPK9-OsbZIP20 pathway in rice to increase tolerance to high-NH4+ stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- State Key Lab of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Cytogenetics Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCP, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong-Wei Di
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Herbert J Kronzucker
- School of Agriculture and Food, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Xiangyu Wu
- Key Lab of Plant-Soil Interaction, MOE, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiming Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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17
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Brito C, Dinis LT, Ferreira H, Moutinho-Pereira J, Correia CM. Foliar Pre-Treatment with Abscisic Acid Enhances Olive Tree Drought Adaptability. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E341. [PMID: 32182702 PMCID: PMC7154903 DOI: 10.3390/plants9030341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Water is the most widely limiting factor for plants distribution, survival and agricultural productivity, their responses to drought and recovery being critical for their success and productivity. Olea europaea L. is a well-adapted species to cyclic drought events, still at considerable expense of carbon reserves and CO2 supply. To study the role of abscisic acid (ABA) as a promoter of drought adaptability, young potted olive trees subjected to three drought-recovery cycles were pre-treated with ABA. The results demonstrated that ABA pre-treatment allowed the delay of the drought effects on stomatal conductance (gs) and net photosynthesis (An), and under severe drought, permitted the reduction of the non-stomatal limitations to An and the relative water content decline, the accumulation of compatible solutes and avoid the decline of photosynthetic pigments, soluble proteins and total thiols concentrations and the accumulation of ROS. Upon rewatering, ABA-sprayed plants showed an early recovery of An. The plant ionome was also changed by the addition of ABA, with special influence on root K, N and B concentrations. The improved physiological and biochemical functions of the ABA-treated plants attenuated the drought-induced decline in biomass accumulation and potentiated root growth and whole-plant water use efficiency after successive drought-rewatering cycles. These changes are likely to be of real adaptive significance, with important implications for olive tree growth and productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Carlos M. Correia
- CITAB-Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (C.B.); (L.-T.D.); (H.F.); (J.M.-P.)
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18
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Sharma A, Shahzad B, Kumar V, Kohli SK, Sidhu GPS, Bali AS, Handa N, Kapoor D, Bhardwaj R, Zheng B. Phytohormones Regulate Accumulation of Osmolytes Under Abiotic Stress. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E285. [PMID: 31319576 PMCID: PMC6680914 DOI: 10.3390/biom9070285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants face a variety of abiotic stresses, which generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), and ultimately obstruct normal growth and development of plants. To prevent cellular damage caused by oxidative stress, plants accumulate certain compatible solutes known as osmolytes to safeguard the cellular machinery. The most common osmolytes that play crucial role in osmoregulation are proline, glycine-betaine, polyamines, and sugars. These compounds stabilize the osmotic differences between surroundings of cell and the cytosol. Besides, they also protect the plant cells from oxidative stress by inhibiting the production of harmful ROS like hydroxyl ions, superoxide ions, hydrogen peroxide, and other free radicals. The accumulation of osmolytes is further modulated by phytohormones like abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, cytokinins, ethylene, jasmonates, and salicylic acid. It is thus important to understand the mechanisms regulating the phytohormone-mediated accumulation of osmolytes in plants during abiotic stresses. In this review, we have discussed the underlying mechanisms of phytohormone-regulated osmolyte accumulation along with their various functions in plants under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anket Sharma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
| | - Babar Shahzad
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7005, Australia
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Botany, DAV University, Sarmastpur, Jalandhar 144012, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli
- Plant Stress Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Gagan Preet Singh Sidhu
- Department of Environment Education, Government College of Commerce and Business Administration, Chandigarh 160047, India
| | | | - Neha Handa
- School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Dhriti Kapoor
- School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Plant Stress Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
| | - Bingsong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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19
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El-Samad HMA, Shaddad MAK, Ragaey MM. Drought Strategy Tolerance of Four Barley Cultivars and Combined Effect with Salicylic Acid Application. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES 2019; 10:512-535. [DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2019.104037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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20
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Liu H, Ren X, Zhu J, Wu X, Liang C. Effect of exogenous abscisic acid on morphology, growth and nutrient uptake of rice (Oryza sativa) roots under simulated acid rain stress. PLANTA 2018; 248:647-659. [PMID: 29855701 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-2922-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Application of proper ABA can improve acid tolerance of rice roots by balancing endogenous hormones and promoting nutrient uptake. Abscisic acid (ABA) has an important signaling role in enhancing plant tolerance to environmental stress. To alleviate the inhibition on plant growth and productivity caused by acid rain, it is crucial to clarify the regulating mechanism of ABA on adaptation of plants to acid rain. Here, we studied the effects of exogenously applied ABA on nutrients uptake of rice roots under simulated acid rain (SAR) stress from physiological, biochemical and molecular aspects. Compared to the single SAR treatment (pH 4.5 or 3.5), exogenous 10 μM ABA alleviated the SAR-induced inhibition of root growth by balancing endogenous hormones (abscisic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellic acid and zeatin), promoting nutrient uptake (nitrate, P, K and Mg) in rice roots, and increasing the activity of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase by up-regulating expression levels of genes (OSA2, OSA4, OSA9 and OSA10). However, exogenous 100 μM ABA exacerbated the SAR-caused inhibition of root growth by disrupting the balance of endogenous hormones, and inhibiting nutrient uptake (nitrate, P, K, Ca and Mg) through decreasing the activity of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase. These results indicate that proper concentration of exogenous ABA could enhance tolerance of rice roots to SAR stress by promoting nutrients uptake and balancing endogenous hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiaoqian Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jiuzheng Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xi Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Chanjuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Anaerobic Biotechnology, School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- Jiangsu Cooperative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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21
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Pál M, Majláth I, Németh E, Hamow KÁ, Szalai G, Rudnóy S, Balassa G, Janda T. The effects of putrescine are partly overlapping with osmotic stress processes in wheat. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 268:67-76. [PMID: 29362086 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Polyamine metabolism is in relation with several metabolic pathways and linked with plant hormones or signalling molecules; in addition polyamines may modulate the up- or down-regulation of gene expression. However the precise mechanism by which polyamines act at the transcription level is still unclear. In the present study the modifying effect of putrescine pre-treatment has been investigated using the microarray transcriptome profile analysis under the conditions where exogenous putrescine alleviated osmotic stress in wheat plants. Pre-treatment with putrescine induced the unique expression of various general stress-related genes. Although there were obvious differences between the effects of putrescine and polyethylene glycol treatments, there was also a remarkable overlap between the effects of putrescine and osmotic stress responses in wheat plants, suggesting that putrescine has already induced acclimation processes under control conditions. The fatty acid composition in certain lipid fractions and the antioxidant enzyme activities have also been specifically changed under osmotic stress conditions or after treatment with putrescine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Pál
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462, Martonvásár, POB 19, Hungary.
| | - Imre Majláth
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462, Martonvásár, POB 19, Hungary
| | - Edit Németh
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462, Martonvásár, POB 19, Hungary
| | - Kamirán Áron Hamow
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462, Martonvásár, POB 19, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Szalai
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462, Martonvásár, POB 19, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Rudnóy
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Pázmány Peter sétány 1/C, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Balassa
- Department of Plant Physiology and Molecular Plant Biology, Institute of Biology Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Pázmány Peter sétány 1/C, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tibor Janda
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462, Martonvásár, POB 19, Hungary
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22
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Moravcová Š, Tůma J, Dučaiová ZK, Waligórski P, Kula M, Saja D, Słomka A, Bąba W, Libik-Konieczny M. Influence of salicylic acid pretreatment on seeds germination and some defence mechanisms of Zea mays plants under copper stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 122:19-30. [PMID: 29172102 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The study was focused on the influence of salicylic acid (SA) on maize seeds germination and on some physiological and biochemical processes in maize plants growing in the hydroponic culture under copper (Cu) stress. A significant influence of SA pretreatment on the advanced induction of the maize seeds metabolic activity and the level of the endogenous SA in germinated seeds and developing roots have been stated. Although, the ability of maize seeds to uptake SA and accumulate it in the germinated roots was confirmed, the growth inhibition of Cu-stressed maize seedlings was not ameliorated by SA seeds pretreatment. Cu-stressed plants exhibited a decrease in the photosynthetic pigment concentration and the increase in non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) - an indicator of an excess energy in PSII antenna assemblies lost as a heat. The amelioration effect of SA application was found only for carotenoids content which increased in stressed plants. It was also shown that maize roots growing in stress conditions significantly differed in the chemical composition in comparison to the roots of control plants, but the SA pretreatment did not affect these differences. On the other hand, it was found that SA seed pretreatment significantly influenced the ability of stressed plants to accumulate copper in the roots. It was stated that a higher level of exogenous SA application led to a lower accumulation of Cu ions in maize roots. Cu-stressed plants exhibited higher oxidative stress in roots than in leaves which was manifested as an increase in the concentration of hydrogen peroxide due to stress factor application. We observed an increase in catalase (CAT) activity in leaves of Cu-stressed plants which corresponded with a lower H2O2 content when compared with roots where the hydrogen peroxide level was higher, and the inhibition of the CAT activity was found. Furthermore, we found that the SA seed pretreatment led to a decrease in the H2O2 content in the roots of the Cu-stressed plants, but it did not influence the H2O2 level in leaves. The increase in hydrogen peroxide content in the roots of Cu-stressed plants correlated with a higher activity of the MnSODI and MnSODII isoforms. It was found that SA pretreatment caused a decrease in MnSODII activity accompanied by the decrease in H2O2 concentration. Achieved results indicated also that the changes in the chemical composition of the root tissue under copper stress constituted protection mechanisms of blocking copper flow into other plant organs. However, it might be assumed that the root tissue remodelling under Cu stress did not only prevent against the Cu ions uptake but also limited the absorption of minerals required for the normal growth leading to the inhibition of the plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Šárka Moravcová
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradecka 1285, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiří Tůma
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradecka 1285, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Kovalíková Dučaiová
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradecka 1285, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Piotr Waligórski
- The Franciszek Gorski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239, Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Kula
- The Franciszek Gorski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239, Krakow, Poland
| | - Diana Saja
- The Franciszek Gorski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aneta Słomka
- Institute of Botany, Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wojciech Bąba
- Institute of Botany, Department of Plant Ecology, Jagiellonian University, Lubicz 46, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Libik-Konieczny
- The Franciszek Gorski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239, Krakow, Poland.
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23
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Singh M, Khan MMA, Uddin M, Naeem M, Qureshi MI. Proliferating effect of radiolytically depolymerized carrageenan on physiological attributes, plant water relation parameters, essential oil production and active constituents of Cymbopogon flexuosus Steud. under drought stress. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180129. [PMID: 28708833 PMCID: PMC5510827 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Carrageenan has been proved as potent growth promoting substance in its depolymerized form. However, relatively little is known about its role in counteracting the adverse effects of drought stress on plants. In a pot experiment, lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus Steud.), grown under different water stress regimes [(100% field capacity (FC), 80% FC and 60% FC)], was sprayed with 40, 80 and 120 mg L-1 of gamma irradiated carrageenan (ICA). Foliar application of ICA mitigated the harmful effects of drought stress to various extents and improved the biochemical characteristics, quality attributes and active constituents (citral and geraniol) of lemongrass significantly. Among the applied treatments, ICA-80 mg L-1 proved the best in alleviating detrimental effects of drought. However, drought stress (80 and 60% FC), irrespective of the growth stages, had an adverse impact on most of the studied attributes. Generally, 60% FC proved more deleterious than 80% FC. At 80% FC, application of ICA-80 mg L-1 elevated the essential oil (EO) content by 18.9 and 25%, citral content by 7.33 and 8.19% and geraniol content by 9.2 and 8.9% at 90 and 120 days after planting (DAP), respectively, as compared to the deionized-water (DW) spray treatment (80% FC+ DW). Whereas, at 60% FC, foliar application of 80 mg L-1 ICA significantly augmented the EO content by 15.4 and 17.8% and active constituents viz. citral and geraniol, by 5.01 and 5.62% and by 6.06 and 5.61% at 90 and 120 DAP, respectively, as compared to the control (water-spray treatment).
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Affiliation(s)
- Minu Singh
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
- Proteomics and Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - M. Masroor A. Khan
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Moin Uddin
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - M. Naeem
- Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - M. Irfan Qureshi
- Proteomics and Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
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24
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Szalai G, Janda K, Darkó É, Janda T, Peeva V, Pál M. Comparative analysis of polyamine metabolism in wheat and maize plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 112:239-250. [PMID: 28107732 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present work changes in polyamine contents were investigated after various hydroponic polyamine treatments (putrescine, spermidine and spermine at 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 mM concentrations) in two different crop species, wheat and maize. In contrast to putrescine, higher polyamines (spermidine and spermine) induced concentration-dependent oxidative damage in both crops, resulting in decreased biomass. The unfavourable effects of polyamines were more pronounced in the roots, and maize was more sensitive than wheat. The adverse effects of polyamine treatment were proportional to the accumulation of polyamine and the plant hormone salicylic acid in the leaves and roots of both plant species. Changes in polyamine content and catabolism during osmotic stress conditions were also studied after beneficial pre-treatment with putrescine. The greater positive effect of putrescine in wheat than in maize can be explained by differences in the polyamine metabolism under normal and osmotic stress conditions, and by relationship between polyamines and salicylic acid. The results demonstrated that changes in the polyamine pool are important for fine tuning of polyamine signalling, which influences the hormonal balance required if putrescine is to exert a protective effect under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Szalai
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, POB 19, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Katalin Janda
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, POB 19, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Éva Darkó
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, POB 19, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Tibor Janda
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, POB 19, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Violeta Peeva
- Department of Photosynthesis, Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Street, Bldg. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Magda Pál
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, POB 19, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
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25
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Gondor OK, Janda T, Soós V, Pál M, Majláth I, Adak MK, Balázs E, Szalai G. Salicylic Acid Induction of Flavonoid Biosynthesis Pathways in Wheat Varies by Treatment. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1447. [PMID: 27733857 PMCID: PMC5039175 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Salicylic acid is a promising compound for the reduction of stress sensitivity in plants. Although several biochemical and physiological changes have been described in plants treated with salicylic acid, the mode of action of the various treatments has not yet been clarified. The present work reports a detailed comparative study on the effects of different modes of salicylic acid application at the physiological, metabolomic, and transcriptomic levels. Seed soaking and hydroponic treatments were found to induce various changes in the protective mechanisms of wheat plants. The possible involvement of the flavonoid metabolism in salicylic acid-related stress signaling was also demonstrated. Different salicylic acid treatments were shown to induce different physiological and biochemical processes, with varying responses in the leaves and roots. Hydroponic treatment enhanced the level of oxidative stress, the expression of genes involved in the flavonoid metabolism and the amount of non-enzymatic antioxidant compounds, namely ortho-hydroxycinnamic acid and the flavonol quercetin in the leaves, while it decreased the ortho-hydroxycinnamic acid and flavonol contents and enhanced ascorbate peroxidase activity in the roots. In contrast, seed soaking only elevated the gene expression level of phenylalanine ammonia lyase in the roots and caused a slight increase in the amount of flavonols. These results draw attention to the fact that the effects of exogenous salicylic acid application cannot be generalized in different experimental systems and that the flavonoid metabolism may be an important part of the action mechanisms induced by salicylic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orsolya K. Gondor
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of SciencesMartonvásár, Hungary
| | - Tibor Janda
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of SciencesMartonvásár, Hungary
| | - Vilmos Soós
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of SciencesMartonvásár, Hungary
| | - Magda Pál
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of SciencesMartonvásár, Hungary
| | - Imre Majláth
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of SciencesMartonvásár, Hungary
| | - Malay K. Adak
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of SciencesMartonvásár, Hungary
- Department of Botany, University of KalyaniKalyani, India
| | - Ervin Balázs
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of SciencesMartonvásár, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Szalai
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of SciencesMartonvásár, Hungary
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26
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Hura T, Dziurka M, Hura K, Ostrowska A, Dziurka K. Different allocation of carbohydrates and phenolics in dehydrated leaves of triticale. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 202:1-9. [PMID: 27450489 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are used in plant growth processes, osmotic regulation and secondary metabolism. A study of the allocation of carbohydrates to a target set of metabolites during triticale acclimation to soil drought was performed. The study included a semi-dwarf cultivar 'Woltario' and a long-stemmed cultivar 'Moderato', differing in the activity of the photosynthetic apparatus under optimum growth conditions. Differences were found in the quantitative and qualitative composition of individual carbohydrates and phenolic compounds, depending on the developmental stage and water availability. Soluble carbohydrates in the semi-dwarf 'Woltario' cv. under soil drought were utilized for synthesis of starch, soluble phenolic compounds and an accumulation of cell wall carbohydrates. In the typical 'Moderato' cv., soluble carbohydrates were primarily used for the synthesis of phenolic compounds that were then incorporated into cell wall structures. Increased content of cell wall-bound phenolics in 'Moderato' cv. improved the cell wall tightness and reduced the rate of leaf water loss. In 'Woltario' cv., the increase in cell osmotic potential due to an enhanced concentration of carbohydrates and proline was insufficient to slow down the rate of leaf water loss. The mechanism of cell wall tightening in response to leaf desiccation may be the main key in the process of triticale acclimation to soil drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Hura
- Polish Academy of Sciences, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Michał Dziurka
- Polish Academy of Sciences, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Hura
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, Agricultural University, Podłużna 3, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ostrowska
- Polish Academy of Sciences, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
| | - Kinga Dziurka
- Polish Academy of Sciences, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland
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27
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Free and Cell Wall-Bound Polyamines under Long-Term Water Stress Applied at Different Growth Stages of ×Triticosecale Wittm. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135002. [PMID: 26247474 PMCID: PMC4527768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-stemmed and semi-dwarf cultivars of triticale were exposed to water stress at tillering, heading and anthesis stage. Quantitative determination of free and cell wall-bound polyamines, i.e. agmatine, cadaverine, putrescine, spermidine and spermine, was supplemented with an analysis of quantitative relationships between free and cell wall-bound polyamines. RESULTS The content of free and cell wall-bound polyamines varied depending on the development stage, both under optimal and water stress conditions. Drought-induced increase in free agmatine content was observed at all developmental stages in long-stemmed cultivar. A depletion of spermidine and putrescine was also reported in this cultivar, and spermidine was less abundant in semi-dwarf cultivar exposed to drought stress at the three analyzed developmental stages. Changes in the content of the other free polyamines did not follow a steady pattern reflecting the developmental stages. On the contrary, the content of cell wall-bound polyamines gradually increased from tillering, through heading and until anthesis period. CONCLUSION Water stress seemed to induce a progressive decrease in the content of free polyamines and an accumulation of cell wall-bound polyamines.
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28
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Miura K, Tada Y. Regulation of water, salinity, and cold stress responses by salicylic acid. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:4. [PMID: 24478784 PMCID: PMC3899523 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) is a naturally occurring phenolic compound. SA plays an important role in the regulation of plant growth, development, ripening, and defense responses. The role of SA in the plant-pathogen relationship has been extensively investigated. In addition to defense responses, SA plays an important role in the response to abiotic stresses, including drought, low temperature, and salinity stresses. It has been suggested that SA has great agronomic potential to improve the stress tolerance of agriculturally important crops. However, the utility of SA is dependent on the concentration of the applied SA, the mode of application, and the state of the plants (e.g., developmental stage and acclimation). Generally, low concentrations of applied SA alleviate the sensitivity to abiotic stresses, and high concentrations of applied induce high levels of oxidative stress, leading to a decreased tolerance to abiotic stresses. In this article, the effects of SA on the water stress responses and regulation of stomatal closure are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Miura
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of TsukubaTsukuba, Japan
- *Correspondence: Kenji* Miura, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8572, Japan e-mail:
| | - Yasuomi Tada
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa UniversityKagawa, Japan
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