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Chen Z, Yang Y, Cui X, Chai L, Liu H, Pan Y, Zhang Y, Xie Y, Le T. Process, advances, and perspectives of graphene oxide-SELEX for the development of aptamer molecular probes: A comprehensive review. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1320:343004. [PMID: 39142771 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.343004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aptamers are screened via the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) and are widely used in molecular diagnostics and targeted therapies. The development of efficient and convenient SELEX technology has facilitated rapid access to high-performance aptamers, thereby advancing the aptamer industry. Graphene oxide (GO) serves as an immobilization matrix for libraries in GO-SELEX, making it suitable for screening aptamers against diverse targets. RESULTS This review summarizes the detailed steps involved in GO-SELEX, including monitoring methods, various sublibrary acquisition methods, and practical applications from its inception to the present day. In addition, the potential of GO-SELEX in the development of broad-spectrum aptamers is explored, and its current limitations for future development are emphasized. This review effectively promotes the application of the GO-SELEX technique by providing valuable insights and assisting researchers interested in conducting related studies. SIGNIFICANCE AND NOVELTY To date, no review on the topic of GO-SELEX has been published, making it challenging for researchers to initiate studies in this area. We believe that this review will broaden the SELEX options available to researchers, ensuring that they can meet the growing demand for molecular probes in the scientific domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoer Chen
- Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Freshwater Fishes, Animal Biology Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of China, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, PR China
| | - Ying Yang
- Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Freshwater Fishes, Animal Biology Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of China, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, PR China
| | - Xinge Cui
- Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Freshwater Fishes, Animal Biology Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of China, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, PR China
| | - Luwei Chai
- Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Freshwater Fishes, Animal Biology Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of China, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, PR China
| | - Hongbing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Freshwater Fishes, Animal Biology Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of China, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, PR China
| | - Yangwei Pan
- Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Freshwater Fishes, Animal Biology Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of China, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, PR China
| | - Yongkang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Freshwater Fishes, Animal Biology Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of China, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, PR China
| | - Yujia Xie
- Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Freshwater Fishes, Animal Biology Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of China, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, PR China
| | - Tao Le
- Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Freshwater Fishes, Animal Biology Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of China, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, PR China.
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Kellett SK, Masterson JC. Cellular metabolism and hypoxia interfacing with allergic diseases. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 116:335-348. [PMID: 38843075 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiae126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Allergic diseases display significant heterogeneity in their pathogenesis. Understanding the influencing factors, pathogenesis, and advancing new treatments for allergic diseases is becoming more and more vital as currently, prevalence continues to rise, and mechanisms of allergic diseases are not fully understood. The upregulation of the hypoxia response is linked to an elevated infiltration of activated inflammatory cells, accompanied by elevated metabolic requirements. An enhanced hypoxia response may potentially contribute to inflammation, remodeling, and the onset of allergic diseases. It has become increasingly clear that the process underlying immune and stromal cell activation during allergic sensitization requires well-tuned and dynamic changes in cellular metabolism. The purpose of this review is to examine current perspectives regarding metabolic dysfunction in allergic diseases. In the past decade, new technological platforms such as "omic" techniques have been applied, allowing for the identification of different biomarkers in multiple models ranging from altered lipid species content, increased nutrient transporters, and altered serum amino acids in various allergic diseases. Better understanding, recognition, and integration of these alterations would increase our knowledge of pathogenesis and potentially actuate a novel repertoire of targeted treatment approaches that regulate immune metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shauna K Kellett
- Allergy, Inflammation & Remodelling Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, W23 C2N1, County Kildare, Ireland
| | - Joanne C Masterson
- Allergy, Inflammation & Remodelling Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, W23 C2N1, County Kildare, Ireland
- Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, Department of Paediatrics, Digestive Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, W23 C2N1, County Kildare, Ireland
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3
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Khachornsakkul K, Leelasattarathkul T. Photothermal biosensing integrated with microfluidic paper-based analytical device for sensitive quantification of sarcosine. Talanta 2024; 271:125628. [PMID: 38219320 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
This article presents the development of a photothermal biosensing integrated with microfluidic paper-based analytical device (PT-μPAD) as a quantitative biosensor method for monitoring sarcosine in human control urine, plasma, and serum samples. The device utilizes gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as both a peroxidase-like nanozyme and a photothermal substrate to enable sarcosine detection. In our PT-μPAD, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is generated through the oxidation of sarcosine by a sarcosine oxidase (SOx) enzyme. Subsequently, the H2O2 flows through the paper microchannels to the detection zone, where it etches the pre-deposited AuNPs, inducing a temperature change upon exposure by a 532 nm laser. The temperature variation is then measured using a portable and inexpensive infrared thermometer. Under optimized conditions, we obtained a linear range between 10.0 and 40.0 nmol L-1 (R2 = 0.9954) and a detection limit (LOD) of 32.0 pmol L-1. These values fall within the clinical range for sarcosine monitoring in prostate cancer diagnostics in humans. Moreover, our approach exhibits high selectivity without interfering effects. Recovery studies in various human control samples demonstrated a range of 99.05-102.11 % with the highest RSD of 2.25 %. The PT-μPAD was further validated for sarcosine determination in human control urine and compared with a commercial ELISA assay, revealing no significant difference between these two methods at a 95 % confidence level. Overall, our proposed sarcosine biosensor is well-suited for prostate cancer monitoring, given its affordability, sensitivity, and user-friendliness, even for unskilled individuals. Moreover, this strategy has promising prospects for broader applications, potentially detecting various biomarkers as a point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kawin Khachornsakkul
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Krungthep, Bangkok, 10120, Thailand; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Tapparath Leelasattarathkul
- Division of Chemistry, Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Krungthep, Bangkok, 10120, Thailand.
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Kishi S, Mori S, Fujiwara-Tani R, Ogata R, Sasaki R, Ikemoto A, Goto K, Sasaki T, Miyake M, Sasagawa S, Kawaichi M, Luo Y, Bhawal UK, Fujimoto K, Nakagawa H, Kuniyasu H. ERVK13-1/miR-873-5p/GNMT Axis Promotes Metastatic Potential in Human Bladder Cancer though Sarcosine Production. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16367. [PMID: 38003554 PMCID: PMC10671720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-glycine (sarcosine) is known to promote metastatic potential in some cancers; however, its effects on bladder cancer are unclear. T24 cells derived from invasive cancer highly expressed GNMT, and S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) treatment increased sarcosine production, promoting proliferation, invasion, anti-apoptotic survival, sphere formation, and drug resistance. In contrast, RT4 cells derived from non-invasive cancers expressed low GNMT, and SAM treatment did not produce sarcosine and did not promote malignant phenotypes. In T24 cells, the expression of miR-873-5p, which suppresses GNMT expression, was suppressed, and the expression of ERVK13-1, which sponges miR-873-5p, was increased. The growth of subcutaneous tumors, lung metastasis, and intratumoral GNMT expression in SAM-treated nude mice was suppressed in T24 cells with ERVK13-1 knockdown but promoted in RT4 cells treated with miR-873-5p inhibitor. An increase in mouse urinary sarcosine levels was observed to correlate with tumor weight. Immunostaining of 86 human bladder cancer cases showed that GNMT expression was higher in cases with muscle invasion and metastasis. Additionally, urinary sarcosine concentrations increased in cases of muscle invasion. Notably, urinary sarcosine concentration may serve as a marker for muscle invasion in bladder cancer; however, further investigation is necessitated.
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Grants
- 22K09341 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 19K16564 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 20K21659 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 23K16621 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 23K19900 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Kishi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.K.); (S.M.); (R.F.-T.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (K.G.); (T.S.)
- Research Institute, Tokushukai Nozaki Hospital, 2-10-50 Tanigawa, Daito 574-0074, Japan; (S.S.); (M.K.); (H.N.)
| | - Shiori Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.K.); (S.M.); (R.F.-T.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (K.G.); (T.S.)
| | - Rina Fujiwara-Tani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.K.); (S.M.); (R.F.-T.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (K.G.); (T.S.)
| | - Ruiko Ogata
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.K.); (S.M.); (R.F.-T.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (K.G.); (T.S.)
| | - Rika Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.K.); (S.M.); (R.F.-T.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (K.G.); (T.S.)
| | - Ayaka Ikemoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.K.); (S.M.); (R.F.-T.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (K.G.); (T.S.)
| | - Kei Goto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.K.); (S.M.); (R.F.-T.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (K.G.); (T.S.)
| | - Takamitsu Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.K.); (S.M.); (R.F.-T.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (K.G.); (T.S.)
| | - Makito Miyake
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan; (M.M.); (K.F.)
| | - Satoru Sasagawa
- Research Institute, Tokushukai Nozaki Hospital, 2-10-50 Tanigawa, Daito 574-0074, Japan; (S.S.); (M.K.); (H.N.)
| | - Masashi Kawaichi
- Research Institute, Tokushukai Nozaki Hospital, 2-10-50 Tanigawa, Daito 574-0074, Japan; (S.S.); (M.K.); (H.N.)
| | - Yi Luo
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China;
| | - Ujjal Kumar Bhawal
- Research Institute of Oral Science, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo 271-8587, Japan;
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Kiyohide Fujimoto
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan; (M.M.); (K.F.)
| | - Hidemitsu Nakagawa
- Research Institute, Tokushukai Nozaki Hospital, 2-10-50 Tanigawa, Daito 574-0074, Japan; (S.S.); (M.K.); (H.N.)
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan; (S.K.); (S.M.); (R.F.-T.); (R.O.); (R.S.); (A.I.); (K.G.); (T.S.)
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Halli K, Cohrs I, Brügemann K, Koch C, König S. Effects of temperature-humidity index on blood metabolites of German dairy cows and their female calves. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:7281-7294. [PMID: 37500442 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) impairs productivity, health, and welfare in dairy cows, and additionally causes metabolic changes. Hence, specific metabolites could be used as HS biomarkers. Consequently, the aim of the present study was to compare blood metabolite concentrations of German Holstein dairy cows and of their female calves suffering from high temperature-humidity index (THI) during late gestation (cows) or during their first week of life (calves) or not. According to the mean daily THI (mTHI) at the day before blood sampling, animals were classified into 2 groups: high mTHI ≥60 (hmTHI) and low mTHI <60 (lmTHI). To perform a standard cross-sectional 2-group study, cow groups (n = 48) and calf groups (n = 47) were compared separately. Differences in metabolite concentrations between hmTHI and lmTHI animals were inferred based on a targeted metabolomics approach. In the first step, processed metabolomics data were evaluated by multivariate data analysis techniques, and were visualized using the web-based platform MetaboAnalyst V5.0. The most important metabolites with pronounced differences between groups were further analyzed in a second step using linear mixed models. We identified 9 thermally sensitive metabolites for the cows [dodecanedioic acid; 3-indolepropionic acid; sarcosine; triglycerides (14:0_34:0), (16:0_38:7), (18:0_32:1), and (18:0_36:2); phosphatidylcholine aa C38:1; and lysophosphatidylcholine a C20:3] and for the calves [phosphatidylcholines aa C38:1, ae C38:3, ae C36:0, and ae C36:2; cholesteryl esters (17:1) and (20:3); sphingomyelins C18:0 and C18:1; and p-cresol sulfate], most of them related to lipid metabolism. Apart from 2 metabolites (3-indolepropionic acid and sarcosine) in cows, the metabolite plasma concentrations were lower in hmTHI than in lmTHI groups. In our heat-stressed dry cows, results indicate an altered lipid metabolism compared with lactating heat-stressed cows, due to the missing antilipolytic effect of HS. The results also indicate alterations in lipid metabolism of calves due to high mTHI in the first week of life. From a cross-generation perspective, high mTHI directly before calving seems to reduce colostrum quality, with detrimental effects on metabolite concentrations in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Halli
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus Liebig University, 35390 Giessen, Germany.
| | - I Cohrs
- Educational and Research Centre for Animal Husbandry, Hofgut Neumuehle, 67728 Muenchweiler an der Alsenz, Germany
| | - K Brügemann
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus Liebig University, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - C Koch
- Educational and Research Centre for Animal Husbandry, Hofgut Neumuehle, 67728 Muenchweiler an der Alsenz, Germany
| | - S König
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Justus Liebig University, 35390 Giessen, Germany
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Akbari Nakhjavani S, Tokyay BK, Soylemez C, Sarabi MR, Yetisen AK, Tasoglu S. Biosensors for prostate cancer detection. Trends Biotechnol 2023; 41:1248-1267. [PMID: 37147246 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common tumors and a leading cause of mortality among men, resulting in ~375 000 deaths annually worldwide. Various analytical methods have been designed for quantitative and rapid detection of PC biomarkers. Electrochemical (EC), optical, and magnetic biosensors have been developed to detect tumor biomarkers in clinical and point-of-care (POC) settings. Although POC biosensors have shown potential for detection of PC biomarkers, some limitations, such as the sample preparation, should be considered. To tackle such shortcomings, new technologies have been utilized for development of more practical biosensors. Here, biosensing platforms for the detection of PC biomarkers such as immunosensors, aptasensors, genosensors, paper-based devices, microfluidic systems, and multiplex high-throughput platforms, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sattar Akbari Nakhjavani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koç University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Turkey; Koç University Translational Medicine Research Center (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Begum K Tokyay
- Koç University Translational Medicine Research Center (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cansu Soylemez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Misagh R Sarabi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Koç University, 34450 Istanbul, Turkey; Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart, Germany 70569
| | - Ali K Yetisen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Savas Tasoglu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koç University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Turkey; Koç University Translational Medicine Research Center (KUTTAM), Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey; Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart, Germany 70569; Koç University Arçelik Research Center for Creative Industries (KUAR), Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey; Boğaziçi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul 34684, Turkey.
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Polachini GM, de Castro TB, Smarra LFS, Henrique T, de Paula CHD, Severino P, López RVM, Carvalho AL, de Mattos Zeri AC, Silva IDCG, Tajara EH. Plasma metabolomics of oral squamous cell carcinomas based on NMR and MS approaches provides biomarker identification and survival prediction. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8588. [PMID: 37237049 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34808-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics has proven to be an important omics approach to understand the molecular pathways underlying the tumour phenotype and to identify new clinically useful markers. The literature on cancer has illustrated the potential of this approach as a diagnostic and prognostic tool. The present study aimed to analyse the plasma metabolic profile of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and controls and to compare patients with metastatic and primary tumours at different stages and subsites using nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. To our knowledge, this is the only report that compared patients at different stages and subsites and replicates collected in diverse institutions at different times using these methodologies. Our results showed a plasma metabolic OSCC profile suggestive of abnormal ketogenesis, lipogenesis and energy metabolism, which is already present in early phases but is more evident in advanced stages of the disease. Reduced levels of several metabolites were also associated with an unfavorable prognosis. The observed metabolomic alterations may contribute to inflammation, immune response inhibition and tumour growth, and may be explained by four nonexclusive views-differential synthesis, uptake, release, and degradation of metabolites. The interpretation that assimilates these views is the cross talk between neoplastic and normal cells in the tumour microenvironment or in more distant anatomical sites, connected by biofluids, signalling molecules and vesicles. Additional population samples to evaluate the details of these molecular processes may lead to the discovery of new biomarkers and novel strategies for OSCC prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovana Mussi Polachini
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine of São José Do Rio Preto - FAMERP, Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 5416, Vila São Pedro, São José do Rio Preto, SP, CEP 15090-000, Brazil
| | - Tialfi Bergamin de Castro
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine of São José Do Rio Preto - FAMERP, Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 5416, Vila São Pedro, São José do Rio Preto, SP, CEP 15090-000, Brazil
| | - Luis Fabiano Soares Smarra
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine of São José Do Rio Preto - FAMERP, Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 5416, Vila São Pedro, São José do Rio Preto, SP, CEP 15090-000, Brazil
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiago Henrique
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine of São José Do Rio Preto - FAMERP, Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 5416, Vila São Pedro, São José do Rio Preto, SP, CEP 15090-000, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Diniz de Paula
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine of São José Do Rio Preto - FAMERP, Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 5416, Vila São Pedro, São José do Rio Preto, SP, CEP 15090-000, Brazil
| | - Patricia Severino
- Albert Einstein Research and Education Institute, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - André Lopes Carvalho
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Eloiza H Tajara
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Medicine of São José Do Rio Preto - FAMERP, Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 5416, Vila São Pedro, São José do Rio Preto, SP, CEP 15090-000, Brazil.
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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8
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Hroncekova S, Lorencova L, Bertok T, Hires M, Jane E, Bučko M, Kasak P, Tkac J. Amperometric Miniaturised Portable Enzymatic Nanobiosensor for the Ultrasensitive Analysis of a Prostate Cancer Biomarker. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14030161. [PMID: 36976085 PMCID: PMC10056543 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14030161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Screen-printing technology is a game changer in many fields including electrochemical biosensing. Two-dimensional nanomaterial MXene Ti3C2Tx was integrated as a nanoplatform to immobilise enzyme sarcosine oxidase (SOx) onto the interface of screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs). A miniaturised, portable, and cost-effective nanobiosensor was constructed using chitosan as a biocompatible glue for the ultrasensitive detection of prostate cancer biomarker sarcosine. The fabricated device was characterised with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Sarcosine was detected indirectly via the amperometric detection of H2O2 formed during enzymatic reaction. The nanobiosensor could detect sarcosine down to 7.0 nM with a maximal peak current output at 4.10 ± 0.35 × 10−5 A using only 100 µL of a sample per measurement. The assay run in 100 μL of an electrolyte showed the first linear calibration curve in a concentration window of up to 5 μM with a slope of 2.86 μA·μM−1, and the second linear calibration curve in the range of 5–50 μM with a slope of 0.32 ± 0.01 μA·μM−1 (R2 = 0.992). The device provided a high recovery index of 92.5% when measuring an analyte spiked into artificial urine, and could be used for detection of sarcosine in urine for at least a period of 5 weeks after the preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Hroncekova
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Lorencova
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tomas Bertok
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michal Hires
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eduard Jane
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marek Bučko
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Kasak
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Jan Tkac
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, 845 38 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Correspondence:
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9
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Zhao H, Li M, Lu S, Cao N, Zuo X, Wang S, Li M. The enhancement of enzyme cascading via tetrahedral DNA framework modification. Analyst 2023; 148:906-911. [PMID: 36692072 DOI: 10.1039/d2an02097a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme clustering is widely used in many organisms to increase the catalytic efficiency of cascade reactions. Inspired by nature, organizing enzymes within a cascade reaction also draws much attention in both basic research and industrial processes. An important step for organizing enzymes precisely in vitro is enzyme modification. However, modifying enzymes without sacrificing their activity remains challenging until now. For example, labeling enzymes with DNA, one of the well-established enzyme modification methods, has been shown to significantly reduce the enzymatic activity. Herein we report an enzyme conjugation method that can rescue the reduction of enzymatic activity caused by DNA labeling. We demonstrate that immobilizing DNA-modified enzymes on the vertex of TDNs (tetrahedral DNA nanostructures) enhances the enzymatic activity compared with their unmodified counterparts. Using this strategy, we have further developed an ultra-sensitive and high-throughput electrochemical biosensor for sarcosine detection, which holds great promise for prostate cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haipei Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Zhang Jiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Mingqiang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Zhang Jiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shasha Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Nan Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Zhang Jiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaolei Zuo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Zhang Jiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Shaopeng Wang
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Min Li
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
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10
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Pandey A, Sarkar S, Pandey SK, Srivastava A. Silica Nanospheres Coated Silver Islands as an Effective Opto-Plasmonic SERS Active Platform for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Prostate Cancer Biomarkers. Molecules 2022; 27:7821. [PMID: 36431921 PMCID: PMC9697738 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vitro diagnostics of cancer are not represented well yet, but the need for early-stage detection is undeniable. In recent decades, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has emerged as an efficient, adaptable, and unique technique for the detection of cancer molecules in their early stages. Herein, we demonstrate an opto-plasmonic hybrid structure for sensitive detection of the prostate cancer biomarker sarcosine using silica nanospheres coated silver nano-islands as a facile and efficient SERS active substrate. The SERS active platform has been developed via thin (5-15 nm) deposition of silver islands using a simple and cost-effective Radio Frequency (RF) sputtering technique followed by the synthesis and decoration of silica nanospheres (~500 nm) synthesized via Stober's method. It is anticipated that the coupling of Whispering Gallery Modes and photonic nano-jets in SiO2 nanospheres induce Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) in Ag nano-islands, which is responsible for the SERS enhancement. The as-fabricated SERS active platform shows a linear response in the physiological range (10 nM to 100 μM) and an extremely low limit of detection (LOD) of 1.76 nM with a correlation coefficient of 0.98 and enhancement factor ~2 × 107. The findings suggest that our fabricated SERS platform could be potentially used for the rapid detection of bio-chemical traces with high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Pandey
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Subhankar Sarkar
- School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Sumit Kumar Pandey
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Anchal Srivastava
- Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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11
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Gu X, Wu J, Liu X, Hong Y, Wu Y, Tian Y. Role of Serum Creatinine Levels in Prognostic Risk Stratification of Prostate Cancer Patients. Med Sci Monit 2022; 28:e937100. [PMID: 35864726 PMCID: PMC9318441 DOI: 10.12659/msm.937100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on the relationship between serum creatinine and the prognosis of prostate cancer have been very limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of serum creatinine in the prognostic risk stratification of patients with prostate cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS We identified 1134 eligible patients from the "Prostate Cancer Data Set" in the National Clinical Medical Science Data Center. Patients with prostate cancer were divided high- and low-risk prognostic groups according to prostate-specific antigen levels and Gleason scores and were divided into 5 groups according to serum creatinine quintile: Q1 (<70.1 umol/L), Q2 (70.1-76.8 umol/L), Q3 (76.8-83.4 umol/L), Q4 (83.4-92.1 umol/L), and Q5 (>92.1 umol/L). Multivariate logistic regression and a multiple restricted cubic spline method were used to evaluate the relationship between serum creatinine level and the level of prostate cancer prognostic risk. RESULTS Of the 1134 patients with prostate cancer, 134 (11.8%) had a high-risk prognosis. Compared with the Q2 group (the reference group), the lowest serum creatinine levels in the Q1 group and the highest serum creatinine levels in groups Q5, Q3, and Q4 were associated with a high-risk prognosis, and this association remained significant after adjusting for confounders. The multiple restricted cubic spline regression model showed the relationship between serum creatinine level and high-risk prognosis was U-shaped. CONCLUSIONS Serum creatinine level was an independent predictor of high-risk prognosis. Controlling serum creatinine levels between 70.1 and 76.8 umol/L in patients with prostatic cancer may benefit the prognosis of patients with prostatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingbo Gu
- Department of Biostatistics, International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, PR China
| | - Jiaojiao Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, PR China
| | - Xuefeidan Liu
- Department of Marine Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, PR China
| | - Yun Hong
- Department of Biostatistics, International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, PR China
| | - Yaoxi Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, PR China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Biostatistics, International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, PR China
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12
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Chu SS, Nguyen HA, Zhang J, Tabassum S, Cao H. Towards Multiplexed and Multimodal Biosensor Platforms in Real-Time Monitoring of Metabolic Disorders. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:5200. [PMID: 35890880 PMCID: PMC9323394 DOI: 10.3390/s22145200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a cluster of conditions that increases the probability of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes, and is very common worldwide. While the exact cause of MS has yet to be understood, there is evidence indicating the relationship between MS and the dysregulation of the immune system. The resultant biomarkers that are expressed in the process are gaining relevance in the early detection of related MS. However, sensing only a single analyte has its limitations because one analyte can be involved with various conditions. Thus, for MS, which generally results from the co-existence of multiple complications, a multi-analyte sensing platform is necessary for precise diagnosis. In this review, we summarize various types of biomarkers related to MS and the non-invasively accessible biofluids that are available for sensing. Then two types of widely used sensing platform, the electrochemical and optical, are discussed in terms of multimodal biosensing, figure-of-merit (FOM), sensitivity, and specificity for early diagnosis of MS. This provides a thorough insight into the current status of the available platforms and how the electrochemical and optical modalities can complement each other for a more reliable sensing platform for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Sik Chu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (S.S.C.); (J.Z.)
| | - Hung Anh Nguyen
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
| | - Jimmy Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (S.S.C.); (J.Z.)
| | - Shawana Tabassum
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75799, USA
| | - Hung Cao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; (S.S.C.); (J.Z.)
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
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13
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Relevance of Emerging Metabolomics-Based Biomarkers of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review. Expert Rev Mol Med 2022; 24:e25. [PMID: 35730322 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2022.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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14
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Sun J, He Y, He S, Liu D, Lu K, Yao W, Jia N. A self-powered photoelectrochemical cathodic molecular imprinting sensor based on Au@TiO2 nanorods photoanode and Cu2O photocathode for sensitive detection of sarcosine. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 204:114056. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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15
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Amante E, Cerrato A, Alladio E, Capriotti AL, Cavaliere C, Marini F, Montone CM, Piovesana S, Laganà A, Vincenti M. Comprehensive biomarker profiles and chemometric filtering of urinary metabolomics for effective discrimination of prostate carcinoma from benign hyperplasia. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4361. [PMID: 35288652 PMCID: PMC8921285 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08435-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in male individuals, principally affecting men over 50 years old, and is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Actually, the measurement of prostate-specific antigen level in blood is affected by limited sensitivity and specificity and cannot discriminate PCa from benign prostatic hyperplasia patients (BPH). In the present paper, 20 urine samples from BPH patients and 20 from PCa patients were investigated to develop a metabolomics strategy useful to distinguish malignancy from benign hyperplasia. A UHPLC-HRMS untargeted approach was carried out to generate two large sets of candidate biomarkers. After mass spectrometric analysis, an innovative chemometric data treatment was employed involving PLS-DA classification with repeated double cross-validation and permutation test to provide a rigorously validated PLS-DA model. Simultaneously, this chemometric approach filtered out the most effective biomarkers and optimized their relative weights to yield the highest classification efficiency. An unprecedented portfolio of prostate carcinoma biomarkers was tentatively identified including 22 and 47 alleged candidates from positive and negative ion electrospray (ESI+ and ESI-) datasets. The PLS-DA model based on the 22 ESI+ biomarkers provided a sensitivity of 95 ± 1% and a specificity of 83 ± 3%, while that from the 47 ESI- biomarkers yielded an 88 ± 3% sensitivity and a 91 ± 2% specificity. Many alleged biomarkers were annotated, belonging to the classes of carnitine and glutamine metabolites, C21 steroids, amino acids, acetylcholine, carboxyethyl-hydroxychroman, and dihydro(iso)ferulic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Amante
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Andrea Cerrato
- Department of Chemistry, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Alladio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Turin, Italy
- Centro Regionale Antidoping e di Tossicologia "A. Bertinaria", Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Anna Laura Capriotti
- Department of Chemistry, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Chiara Cavaliere
- Department of Chemistry, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Marini
- Department of Chemistry, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmela Maria Montone
- Department of Chemistry, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Susy Piovesana
- Department of Chemistry, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Laganà
- Department of Chemistry, Università di Roma "La Sapienza", Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Vincenti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turin, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125, Turin, Italy
- Centro Regionale Antidoping e di Tossicologia "A. Bertinaria", Orbassano, Turin, Italy
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16
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Lee S, Ku JY, Kang BJ, Kim KH, Ha HK, Kim S. A Unique Urinary Metabolic Feature for the Determination of Bladder Cancer, Prostate Cancer, and Renal Cell Carcinoma. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11090591. [PMID: 34564407 PMCID: PMC8468099 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa), bladder cancer (BCa), and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are the most prevalent cancer among urological cancers. However, there are no cancer-specific symptoms that can differentiate them as well as early clinical signs of urological malignancy. Furthermore, many metabolic studies have been conducted to discover their biomarkers, but the metabolic profiling study to discriminate between these cancers have not yet been described. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the urinary metabolic differences in male patients with PCa (n = 24), BCa (n = 29), and RCC (n = 12) to find the prominent combination of metabolites between cancers. Based on 1H NMR analysis, orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis was applied to find distinct metabolites among cancers. Moreover, the ranked analysis of covariance by adjusting a potential confounding as age revealed that 4-hydroxybenzoate, N-methylhydantoin, creatinine, glutamine, and acetate had significantly different metabolite levels among groups. The receiver operating characteristic analysis created by prominent five metabolites showed the great discriminatory accuracy with area under the curve (AUC) > 0.7 for BCa vs. RCC, PCa vs. BCa, and RCC vs. PCa. This preliminary study compares the metabolic profiles of BCa, PCa, and RCC, and reinforces the exploratory role of metabolomics in the investigation of human urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 63, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea;
| | - Ja Yoon Ku
- Department of Urology, Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences Cancer Center, Busan 46033, Korea;
| | - Byeong Jin Kang
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan 49241, Korea; (B.J.K.); (K.H.K.)
| | - Kyung Hwan Kim
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan 49241, Korea; (B.J.K.); (K.H.K.)
| | - Hong Koo Ha
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Korea;
| | - Suhkmann Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Institute for Plastic Information and Energy Materials, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 63, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-510-2240
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17
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Novel Prostate Cancer Biomarkers: Aetiology, Clinical Performance and Sensing Applications. CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9080205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The review initially provides a short introduction to prostate cancer (PCa) incidence, mortality, and diagnostics. Next, the need for novel biomarkers for PCa diagnostics is briefly discussed. The core of the review provides details about PCa aetiology, alternative biomarkers available for PCa diagnostics besides prostate specific antigen and their biosensing. In particular, low molecular mass biomolecules (ions and metabolites) and high molecular mass biomolecules (proteins, RNA, DNA, glycoproteins, enzymes) are discussed, along with clinical performance parameters.
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18
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Akbari Z, Dijojin RT, Zamani Z, Hosseini RH, Arjmand M. Aromatic amino acids play a harmonizing role in prostate cancer: A metabolomics-based cross-sectional study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2021; 19:741-750. [PMID: 34568735 PMCID: PMC8458921 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v19i8.9622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common health problem worldwide. The rate of this disease is likely to grow by 2021. PCa is a heterogeneous disorder, and various biochemical factors contribute to the development of this disease. The metabolome is the complete set of metabolites in a cell or biological sample and represents the downstream end product of the omics. Hence, to model PCa by computational systems biology, a preliminary metabolomics-based study was used to compare the metabolome profile pattern between healthy and PCa men. OBJECTIVE This study was carried out to highlight energy metabolism modification and assist the prognosis and treatment of disease with unique biomarkers. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional research, 26 men diagnosed with stage-III PCa and 26 healthy men with normal PSA levels were enrolled. Urine was analyzed with proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H-NMR) spectroscopy, accompanied by the MetaboAnalyst web-based platform tool for metabolomics data analysis. Partial least squares regression discriminant analysis was applied to clarify the separation between the two groups. Outliers were documented and metabolites determined, followed by identifying biochemical pathways. RESULTS Our findings reveal that modifications in aromatic amino acid metabolism and some of their metabolites have a high potential for use as urinary PCa biomarkers. Tryptophan metabolism (p < 0.001), tyrosine metabolism (p < 0.001), phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis (p < 0.001), phenylalanine metabolism (p = 0.01), ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinone biosynthesis (p = 0.19), nitrogen metabolism (p = 0.21), and thiamine metabolism (p = 0.41) with Q2 (0.198) and R2 (0.583) were significantly altered. CONCLUSION The discriminated metabolites and their pathways play an essential role in PCa causes and harmony.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziba Akbari
- Biochemistry Department, Metabolomics Lab, Pasture Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Taghipour Dijojin
- Biochemistry Department, Metabolomics Lab, Pasture Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
- Biology Department, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Zamani
- Biochemistry Department, Metabolomics Lab, Pasture Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Arjmand
- Biochemistry Department, Metabolomics Lab, Pasture Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Markin PA, Brito A, Moskaleva N, Fodor M, Lartsova EV, Shpot YV, Lerner YV, Mikhajlov VY, Potoldykova NV, Enikeev DV, Lyundup AV, Appolonova SA. Plasma Sarcosine Measured by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Distinguishes Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Prostate Cancer from Benign Prostate Hyperplasia. Lab Med 2021; 51:566-573. [PMID: 32161964 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmaa008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sarcosine was postulated in 2009 as a biomarker for prostate cancer (PCa). Here, we assess plasma sarcosine as a biomarker that is complementary to prostate-specific antigen (PSA). METHODS Plasma sarcosine was measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in adults classified as noncancerous controls (with benign prostate hyperplasia [BPH], n = 36), with prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN, n = 16), or with PCa (n = 27). Diagnostic accuracy was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS Plasma sarcosine levels were higher in the PCa (2.0 µM [1.3-3.3 µM], P <.01) and the PIN (1.9 µM [1.2-6.5 µM], P <.001) groups than in the BPH (0.9 µM [0.6-1.4 µM]) group. Plasma sarcosine had "good" and "very good" discriminative capability to detect PIN (area under the curve [AUC], 0.734) and PCa (AUC, 0.833) versus BPH, respectively. The use of PSA and sarcosine together improved the overall diagnostic accuracy to detect PIN and PCa versus BPH. CONCLUSION Plasma sarcosine measured by GC-MS had "good" and "very good" classification performance for distinguishing PIN and PCa, respectively, relative to noncancerous patients diagnosed with BPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel A Markin
- Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolomic Analysis, Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,PhD Program in Nanosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Alex Brito
- Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolomic Analysis, Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia Moskaleva
- Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolomic Analysis, Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Miguel Fodor
- Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ekaterina V Lartsova
- University Clinical Hospital, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yevgeny V Shpot
- Research Institute of Urology and Reproductive Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia V Lerner
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasily Y Mikhajlov
- University Clinical Hospital, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia V Potoldykova
- Research Institute of Urology and Reproductive Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dimitry V Enikeev
- Research Institute of Urology and Reproductive Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey V Lyundup
- Advanced Cell Technologies Department, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana A Appolonova
- Laboratory of Pharmacokinetics and Metabolomic Analysis, Institute of Translational Medicine and Biotechnology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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20
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Zhang X, Chen J, Wang Q, Du B, Fan G, Zheng W, Yang H, Xu T. Amperometric Sarcosine Biosensors Based on Electrodeposited Conductive Films Contain Indole‐6‐carboxylic Acid. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 PR China
| | - Qia Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 PR China
| | - Bing Du
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 PR China
| | - Gaochao Fan
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science MOE Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao 266042 PR China
| | - Weidong Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Shenzhen University General Hospital Shenzhen 518060 PR China
| | - Haipeng Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 PR China
| | - Tailin Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 PR China
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21
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Biopolymer and Biomaterial Conjugated Iron Oxide Nanomaterials as Prostate Cancer Theranostic Agents: A Comprehensive Review. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13060974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy in men and the leading cause of death for men all over the world. Early diagnosis is the key to start treatment at an early stage of PCa and to reduce the death toll. Generally, PCa expresses characteristic morphologic features and serum biomarkers; however, early diagnosis is challenging due to its heterogeneity and long-term indolent phase in the early stage. Following positive diagnosis, PCa patients receive conventional treatments including surgery, radiation therapy, androgen deprivation therapy, focal therapy, and chemotherapy to enhance survival time and alleviate PCa-related complications. However, these treatment strategies have both short and long-term side effects, notably impotence, urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunctions, and recurrence of cancer. These limitations warrant the quest for novel PCa theranostic agents with robust diagnostic and therapeutic potentials to lessen the burden of PCa-related suffering. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have recently drawn attention for their symmetrical usage in the diagnosis and treatment of several cancer types. Here, we performed a systematic search in four popular online databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science) for the articles regarding PCa and IONPs. Published literature confirmed that the surface modification of IONPs with biopolymers and diagnostic biomarkers improved the early diagnosis of PCa, even in the metastatic stage with reliable accuracy and sensitivity. Furthermore, fine-tuning of IONPs with biopolymers, nucleic acids, anticancer drugs, and bioactive compounds can improve the therapeutic efficacy of these anticancer agents against PCa. This review covers the symmetrical use of IONPs in the diagnosis and treatment of PCa, investigates their biocompatibility, and examines their potential as PCa theranostic agents.
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22
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Cimmino I, Bravaccini S, Cerchione C. Urinary Biomarkers in Tumors: An Overview. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2292:3-15. [PMID: 33651347 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1354-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Recent reports suggest that urine is a useful noninvasive tool for the identification of urogenital tumors, including bladder, prostate, kidney, and other nonurological cancers. As a liquid biopsy, urine represents an important source for the improvement of new promising biomarkers, a suitable tool to identify indolent cancer and avoid overtreatment. Urine is enriched with DNAs, RNAs, proteins, circulating tumor cells, exosomes, and other small molecules which can be detected with several diagnostic methodologies.We provide an overview of the ongoing state of urinary biomarkers underlying both their potential utilities to improve cancer prognosis, diagnosis, and therapeutic strategy and their limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cimmino
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Bravaccini
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Claudio Cerchione
- Hematology Unit, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy.
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Ramezani Z, Safdarian M, Ghadiri AA. Metal-coded hydrogel magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer for preconcentration and cleanup of sarcosine: Determination in urine; coupled to on-column capillary electrophoresis. Talanta 2021; 230:122309. [PMID: 33934774 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, sarcosine metal-coded hydrogel magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (Hydro-MeC-MMIP) has been fabricated and coupled to on-column derivatization capillary electrophoresis (CE). As a metal-coding approach, sarcosine-Cu2+-ligand (Sar-Cu2+-L) chelate complex was introduced as a template to overcome the problems associated with the fabrication of MMIP for a small molecule having limited functional groups such as sarcosine. To our best knowledge, it is the first time that methacrylamide (MA) coated Fe3O4 (Fe3O4@MA) with abounded reactive double-bound on the surface has been used as a magnetic core in the one-pot synthesis of MMIPs. As prepared, Hydro-MeC-MMIP was characterized by different microscopic, spectroscopic, and thermal gravimetric methods. Hydro-MeC-MMIP was used to extract and preconcentrate sarcosine in the urine sample with no treatment and dilution. Sarcosine was quantified by on-column derivatization capillary electrophoresis equipped with a photodiode array detector. A mixture of thirteen amino acids was separated with a total run time of 12 min. Three structural analogs, including alanine, sarcosine, and glycine, were significantly resolved. Under optimal experimental conditions, the method's detection and quantification limits were 9.93 and 33.10 ng mL-1, respectively. The linear range of 50-2000 ng mL-1 and 96% recovery, along with the relative standard deviation of 6.07% (n = 6) for the target amino acid, were obtained. This method provides a simple, low-cost, fast, and efficient tool for extracting and quantifying sarcosine in the urine. The present method can address inconsistency in evaluating sarcosine as a candidate biomarker for prostate cancer with a simple CE/UV; no need for a sophisticated detection system such as a mass spectrometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ramezani
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Safdarian
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Ata A Ghadiri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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12-Plex UHPLC-MS/MS analysis of sarcosine in human urine using integrated principle of multiplex tags chemical isotope labeling and selective imprint enriching. Talanta 2021; 224:121788. [PMID: 33379017 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Urinary sarcosine was considered to be a potential biomarker for prostate cancer (Pca). In this work, an integrated strategy of multiplex tags chemical isotope labeling (MTCIL) combined with magnetic dispersive solid phase extraction (MDSPE), was proposed for specific extraction and high-throughput determination of sarcosine by ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). In the past three months, we have developed 8-plex MTCIL reagents with excellent qualitative and quantitative performance. In this work, the multiplexing capacity of MTCIL reagents (MTCIL360/361/362/363/364/365/366/375/376/378/379/381) was increased 1.5-fold from 8-plex to 12-plex. MTCIL359 was prepared and used to label sarcosine standard as internal standard (IS). The structural analogue derivative (MTCIL373-sarcosine) of all targeted MTCIL-sarcosine derivatives was synthesized and used as a novel dummy template to prepare dummy magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (DMMIPs). The integration of MTCIL and DMMIPs procedures were extremely favorable to excellent chromatographic separation and efficient mass spectrometric detection. The labeling efficiency, chromatographic retention and mass spectrometry responses of MTCIL reagents were consistent for sarcosine. In a single UHPLC-MS/MS run (2.0 min), this method can simultaneously quantify sarcosine in 12-plex urine samples and achieve unbiased concentrations comparison between different urine samples. Analytical parameters including linearity (R2 0.989-0.997), detection limits (0.02 nM), precision (2.6-11.5%), accuracy (96.1-107.4%), matrix effect, labeling and extraction efficiency were carefully validated. The proposed method was successfully applied for urinary sarcosine determination of healthy male individuals and Pca patients. It was found that the sarcosine concentrations in these two groups were statistically extremely significantly different (P < 0.001). The developed method was a powerful analytical tool to substantially promote the analysis throughput and large-scale experiments about the potential biomarker research.
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Liu J, Huang J, Xin P, Liu G, Wu J. Biomedical applications of methionine-based systems. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:1961-1973. [PMID: 33537687 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm02180f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Methionine (Met), an essential amino acid in the human body, possesses versatile features based on its chemical modification, cell metabolism and metabolic derivatives. Benefitting from its multifunctional properties, Met holds immense potential for biomedical applications. In this review, we systematically summarize the recent progress in Met-based strategies for biomedical applications. First, given the unique structural characteristics of Met, two chemical modification methods are briefly introduced. Subsequently, due to the disordered metabolic state of tumor cells, applications of Met in cancer treatment and diagnosis are summarized in detail. Furthermore, the efficacy of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), as the most important metabolic derivative of Met, for treating liver diseases is mentioned. Finally, we analyze the current challenges and development trends of Met in the biomedical field, and suggest that Met-restriction therapy might be a promising approach to treat COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument of Guangdong Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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26
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Weber DD, Thapa M, Aminzadeh-Gohari S, Redtenbacher AS, Catalano L, Feichtinger RG, Koelblinger P, Dallmann G, Emberger M, Kofler B, Lang R. Targeted Metabolomics Identifies Plasma Biomarkers in Mice with Metabolically Heterogeneous Melanoma Xenografts. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:434. [PMID: 33498757 PMCID: PMC7865782 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanomas are genetically and metabolically heterogeneous, which influences therapeutic efficacy and contributes to the development of treatment resistance in patients with metastatic disease. Metabolite phenotyping helps to better understand complex metabolic diseases, such as melanoma, and facilitates the development of novel therapies. Our aim was to characterize the tumor and plasma metabolomes of mice bearing genetically different melanoma xenografts. We engrafted the human melanoma cell lines A375 (BRAF mutant), WM47 (BRAF mutant), WM3000 (NRAS mutant), and WM3311 (BRAF, NRAS, NF1 triple-wildtype) and performed a broad-spectrum targeted metabolomics analysis of tumor and plasma samples obtained from melanoma-bearing mice as well as plasma samples from healthy control mice. Differences in ceramide and phosphatidylcholine species were observed between melanoma subtypes irrespective of the genetic driver mutation. Furthermore, beta-alanine metabolism differed between melanoma subtypes and was significantly enriched in plasma from melanoma-bearing mice compared to healthy mice. Moreover, we identified beta-alanine, p-cresol sulfate, sarcosine, tiglylcarnitine, two dihexosylceramides, and one phosphatidylcholine as potential melanoma biomarkers in plasma. The present data reflect the metabolic heterogeneity of melanomas but also suggest a diagnostic biomarker signature for melanoma screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela D. Weber
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.D.W.); (S.A.-G.); (A.-S.R.); (L.C.); (R.G.F.)
| | - Maheshwor Thapa
- BIOCRATES Life Sciences AG, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.T.); (G.D.)
| | - Sepideh Aminzadeh-Gohari
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.D.W.); (S.A.-G.); (A.-S.R.); (L.C.); (R.G.F.)
| | - Anna-Sophia Redtenbacher
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.D.W.); (S.A.-G.); (A.-S.R.); (L.C.); (R.G.F.)
| | - Luca Catalano
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.D.W.); (S.A.-G.); (A.-S.R.); (L.C.); (R.G.F.)
| | - René G. Feichtinger
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.D.W.); (S.A.-G.); (A.-S.R.); (L.C.); (R.G.F.)
| | - Peter Koelblinger
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
| | - Guido Dallmann
- BIOCRATES Life Sciences AG, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.T.); (G.D.)
| | | | - Barbara Kofler
- Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (D.D.W.); (S.A.-G.); (A.-S.R.); (L.C.); (R.G.F.)
| | - Roland Lang
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital of the Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
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Design and performance of novel molecularly imprinted biomimetic adsorbent for preconcentration of prostate cancer biomarker coupled to electrochemical determination by using multi-walled carbon nanotubes/Nafion®/Ni(OH)2-modified screen-printed electrode. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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28
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Brennan D. Sarcosine in the management of schizophrenia. Br J Psychiatry 2020; 217:653. [PMID: 33100244 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2020.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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29
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Sharma U, Jagannathan NR. Metabolism of prostate cancer by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Biophys Rev 2020; 12:1163-1173. [PMID: 32918707 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-020-00758-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the metabolism of prostate cancer (PCa) is important for developing better diagnostic approaches and also for exploring new therapeutic targets. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) techniques have been shown to be useful in the detection and quantification of metabolites. PCa illustrates metabolic phenotype, showing lower levels of citrate (Cit), a key metabolite of oxidative phosphorylation and alteration in several metabolic pathways to sustain tumor growth. Recently, dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) studies have documented high rates of glycolysis (Warburg phenomenon) in PCa. High-throughput metabolic profiling strategies using MRS on variety of samples including intact tissues, biofluids like prostatic fluid, seminal fluid, blood plasma/sera, and urine have also played a vital role in understanding the abnormal metabolic activity of PCa patients. The enhanced analytical potential of these techniques in the detection and quantification of a large number of metabolites provides an in-depth understanding of metabolic rewiring associated with the tumorigenesis. Metabolomics analysis offers dual advantages of identification of diagnostic and predictive biomarkers as well as in understanding the altered metabolic pathways which can be targeted for inhibiting the cancer progression. This review briefly describes the potential applications of in vivo 1H MRS, high-resolution magic angle spinning spectroscopy (HRMAS) and in vitro MRS methods in understanding the metabolic changes of PCa and its usefulness in the management of PCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uma Sharma
- Department of NMR & MRI Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Naranamangalam R Jagannathan
- Department of Radiology, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research & Education, Kelambakkam, TN, 603103, India.
- Department of Radiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, 600116, India.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute Technology Madras, Chennai, 600 036, India.
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30
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Lewkowicz A, Bogdanowicz R, Bojarski P, Pierpaoli M, Gryczyński I, Synak A, Mońka M, Karczewski J, Struck-Lewicka W, Wawrzyniak R, Markuszewski MJ. The Luminescence of 1,8-Diazafluoren-9-One/Titanium Dioxide Composite Thin Films for Optical Application. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13133014. [PMID: 32640655 PMCID: PMC7372385 DOI: 10.3390/ma13133014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The investigation of innovative label-free α-amino acids detection methods represents a crucial step for the early diagnosis of several diseases. While 1,8-diazafluoren-9-one (DFO) is known in forensic application because of the fluorescent products by reacting with the amino acids present in the papillary exudate, its application for diagnostic purposes has not been fully investigated. The stabilization of DFO over a transparent substrate allows its complexation with biomolecules for the detection of α-amino acids. In this study, DFO was immobilized into a titanium dioxide (TiO2) matrix for the fluorescence detection of glycine, as a target α-amino acid (a potential marker of the urogenital tract cancers). The DFO/TiO2 composite was characterized by atomic force microscopy, spectroscopic ellipsometry, fluorescence spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy. The performed fluorescent studies indicate spectacular formation of aggregates at higher concentration. The measurements performed using various fluorescence and microscopic techniques together with the suitable analysis show that the aggregates are able to emit short-lived fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Lewkowicz
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 57, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.B.); (A.S.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Robert Bogdanowicz
- Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (R.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Piotr Bojarski
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 57, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.B.); (A.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Mattia Pierpaoli
- Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland; (R.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Ignacy Gryczyński
- Faculty of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Health Science Center, University of North Texas, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA;
| | - Anna Synak
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 57, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.B.); (A.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Michał Mońka
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 57, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (P.B.); (A.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Jakub Karczewski
- Faculty of Applied Physics, Gdańsk University of Technology 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Wiktoria Struck-Lewicka
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (W.S.-L.); (R.W.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Renata Wawrzyniak
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (W.S.-L.); (R.W.); (M.J.M.)
| | - Michał J. Markuszewski
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (W.S.-L.); (R.W.); (M.J.M.)
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31
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de Araújo GL, de Aguiar DVA, Pereira I, da Silva LC, Chaves AAR, Vaz BG. Polypyrrole-coated needle as an electrospray emitter for ambient mass spectrometry. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:3235-3241. [PMID: 32930186 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay00652a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polypyrrole (PPy) is a polymer widely used as an extraction phase due to its ability to perform intermolecular interactions with the analyte, such as acid-base, π-π, dipole-dipole, hydrophobic, and hydrogen bonding. In this manuscript, we report the coating of a stainless steel needle with a PPy film for analyte extraction and subsequent analysis by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) under ambient and open-air conditions. The method, named PPy-ESI-MS, was optimized for analysis of 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in synthetic urine. Seven cycles of electrodeposition of the PPy film onto the needle surface, sample at pH 8, and 40 min of extraction of analytes were determined as the best analysis conditions. The analytical performance of PPy-ESI-MS was evaluated for MDA and MDMA compounds. Analytical curves were obtained with R2 > 0.98. Limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) were determined as 20 μg L-1 and 70 μg L-1 for MDA and as 25 μg L-1 and 80 μg L-1 for MDMA, respectively. Values of precision were below 17%, and values of accuracy below 5%. The apparent recoveries ranged between 84.5% and 111.3%. In addition, the PPy-ESI-MS method was applied for the analysis of sarcosine in synthetic urine in order to evaluate the performance of the method for another class of compounds. The calibration curve was obtained with R2 > 0.98, along with LOD and LOQ of 30 μg L-1 and 100 μg L-1, respectively. The precision and accuracy values were below 5% and 8%, respectively, and the apparent recoveries close to 100%. This work demonstrates the usefulness of combining an extraction phase with ESI-MS analysis under ambient conditions to determine different classes of small molecules in a complex sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna L de Araújo
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás 74690-900, Brazil.
| | | | - Igor Pereira
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás 74690-900, Brazil.
| | - Lidya C da Silva
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás 74690-900, Brazil.
| | - Andrà A R Chaves
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás 74690-900, Brazil.
| | - Boniek G Vaz
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás 74690-900, Brazil.
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32
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Xi X, Peng X, Xiong C, Shi D, Zhu J, Wen W, Zhang X, Wang S. Iron doped graphitic carbon nitride with peroxidase like activity for colorimetric detection of sarcosine and hydrogen peroxide. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:383. [PMID: 32533274 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04373-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The successful synthesis is reported of Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu-doped g-C3N4 nanoflakes via a simple one-step pyrolysis method, respectively. Among them, the Fe-doped g-C3N4 nanoflakes exhibited the highest peroxidase-like activity, which can be used for colorimetric detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and sarcosine (SA), within the detection ranges of 2-100 μM and 10-500 μM and detection limits of 1.8 μM and 8.6 μM, respectively. The catalytic mechanism of the Fe-doped g-C3N4 nanoflake was also explored and verified the generation of hydroxyl radical (•OH) through fluorescence method. It is believed that the Fe-doped g-C3N4 nanoflakes as enzyme mimics will greatly promote the practical applications in a variety of fields in the future including biomedical science, environmental governance, antibacterial agent, and bioimaging due to their extraordinary catalytic performance and stability. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxue Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyi Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Deyao Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Junlun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiuhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengfu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, People's Republic of China.
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Hroncekova S, Bertok T, Hires M, Jane E, Lorencova L, Vikartovska A, Tanvir A, Kasak P, Tkac J. Ultrasensitive Ti 3C 2T X MXene/Chitosan Nanocomposite-Based Amperometric Biosensor for Detection of Potential Prostate Cancer Marker in Urine Samples. Processes (Basel) 2020; 8:580. [PMID: 33304843 PMCID: PMC7116456 DOI: 10.3390/pr8050580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional layered nanomaterial Ti3C2TX (a member of the MXene family) was used to immobilise enzyme sarcosine oxidase to fabricate a nanostructured biosensor. The device was applied for detection of sarcosine, a potential prostate cancer biomarker, in urine for the first time. The morphology and structures of MXene have been characterised by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electrochemical measurements, SEM and AFM analysis revealed that MXene interfaced with chitosan is an excellent support for enzyme immobilisation to fabricate a sensitive biosensor exhibiting a low detection limit of 18 nM and a linear range up to 7.8 µM. The proposed biosensing method also provides a short response time of 2 s and high recovery index of 102.6% for detection of sarcosine spiked into urine sample in a clinically relevant range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Hroncekova
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 38, Slovak Republic
| | - Tomas Bertok
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 38, Slovak Republic
| | - Michal Hires
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 38, Slovak Republic
| | - Eduard Jane
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 38, Slovak Republic
| | - Lenka Lorencova
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 38, Slovak Republic
| | - Alica Vikartovska
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 38, Slovak Republic
| | - Aisha Tanvir
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, P. O. BOX 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Peter Kasak
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, P. O. BOX 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jan Tkac
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava 845 38, Slovak Republic
- Correspondence:
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Gholizadeh N, Pundavela J, Nagarajan R, Dona A, Quadrelli S, Biswas T, Greer PB, Ramadan S. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of human body fluids and in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy: Potential role in the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer. Urol Oncol 2020; 38:150-173. [PMID: 31937423 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2019.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common solid organ cancer in men, and the second most common cause of male cancer-related mortality. It has few effective therapies, and is difficult to diagnose accurately. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), which is currently the most effective diagnostic tool available, cannot reliably discriminate between different pathologies, and in fact only around 30% of patients found to have elevated levels of PSA are subsequently confirmed to actually have prostate cancer. As such, there is a desperate need for more reliable diagnostic tools that will allow the early detection of prostate cancer so that the appropriate interventions can be applied. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) are 2 high throughput, noninvasive analytical procedures that have the potential to enable differentiation of prostate cancer from other pathologies using metabolomics, by focusing specifically on certain metabolites which are associated with the development of prostate cancer cells and its progression. The value that this type of approach has for the early detection, diagnosis, prognosis, and personalized treatment of prostate cancer is becoming increasingly apparent. Recent years have seen many promising developments in the fields of NMR spectroscopy and MRS, with improvements having been made to hardware as well as to techniques associated with the acquisition, processing, and analysis of related data. This review focuses firstly on proton NMR spectroscopy of blood serum, urine, and expressed prostatic secretions in vitro, and then on 1- and 2-dimensional proton MRS of the prostate in vivo. Major advances in these fields and methodological principles of data collection, acquisition, processing, and analysis are described along with some discussion of related challenges, before prospects that proton MRS has for future improvements to the clinical management of prostate cancer are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Gholizadeh
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Jay Pundavela
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Rajakumar Nagarajan
- Human Magnetic Resonance Center, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Anthony Dona
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW, Australia
| | - Scott Quadrelli
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Radiology Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Tapan Biswas
- Department of Instrumentation and Electronics Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, India
| | - Peter B Greer
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Saadallah Ramadan
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia; Imaging Centre, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.
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Burton C, Ma Y. Current Trends in Cancer Biomarker Discovery Using Urinary Metabolomics: Achievements and New Challenges. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:5-28. [PMID: 28914192 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170914102236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of effective screening methods for early cancer detection is one of the foremost challenges facing modern cancer research. Urinary metabolomics has recently emerged as a potentially transformative approach to cancer biomarker discovery owing to its noninvasive sampling characteristics and robust analytical feasibility. OBJECTIVE To provide an overview of new developments in urinary metabolomics, cover the most promising aspects of hyphenated techniques in untargeted and targeted metabolomics, and to discuss technical and clinical limitations in addition to the emerging challenges in the field of urinary metabolomics and its application to cancer biomarker discovery. METHODS A systematic review of research conducted in the past five years on the application of urinary metabolomics to cancer biomarker discovery was performed. Given the breadth of this topic, our review focused on the five most widely studied cancers employing urinary metabolomics approaches, including lung, breast, bladder, prostate, and ovarian cancers. RESULTS As an extension of conventional metabolomics, urinary metabolomics has benefitted from recent technological developments in nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, gas and liquid chromatography, and capillary electrophoresis that have improved urine metabolome coverage and analytical reproducibility. Extensive metabolic profiling in urine has revealed a significant number of altered metabolic pathways and putative biomarkers, including pteridines, modified nucleosides, and acylcarnitines, that have been associated with cancer development and progression. CONCLUSION Urinary metabolomics presents a transformative new approach toward cancer biomarker discovery with high translational capacity to early cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey Burton
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Single Nanoparticle, Single Cell, and Single Molecule Monitoring, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, United States
| | - Yinfa Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Single Nanoparticle, Single Cell, and Single Molecule Monitoring, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, United States
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Kdadra M, Höckner S, Leung H, Kremer W, Schiffer E. Metabolomics Biomarkers of Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2019; 9:E21. [PMID: 30791464 PMCID: PMC6468767 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics9010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis with current biomarkers is difficult and often results in unnecessary invasive procedures as well as over-diagnosis and over-treatment, highlighting the need for novel biomarkers. The aim of this review is to provide a summary of available metabolomics PCa biomarkers, particularly for clinically significant disease. A systematic search was conducted on PubMed for publications from July 2008 to July 2018 in accordance with PRISMA guidelines to report biomarkers with respect to their application in PCa diagnosis, progression, aggressiveness, recurrence, and treatment response. The vast majority of studies report biomarkers with the ability to distinguish malignant from benign prostate tissue with a few studies investigating biomarkers associated with disease progression, treatment response or tumour recurrence. In general, these studies report high dimensional datasets and the number of analysed metabolites often significantly exceeded the number of available samples. Hence, observed multivariate differences between case and control samples in the datasets might potentially also be associated with pre-analytical, technical, statistical and confounding factors. Giving the technical and methodological hurdles, there are nevertheless a number of metabolites and pathways repeatedly reported across various technical approaches, cohorts and sample types that appear to play a predominant role in PCa tumour biology, progression and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hing Leung
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK.
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK.
| | - Werner Kremer
- Institute of Biophysics and Physical Biochemistry, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Eric Schiffer
- Numares AG, Am BioPark 9, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
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Özyurt C, Canbay ZÇ, Dinçkaya E, Evran S. A highly sensitive DNA aptamer-based fluorescence assay for sarcosine detection down to picomolar levels. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 129:91-97. [PMID: 30738156 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Sarcosine is an amino acid derivative, which is considered as a key metabolite in various metabolic processes. Therefore, simple and sensitive detection methods are needed for further understanding its metabolic role and diagnostic value. In this study, we developed a novel method that meets the need for practical and sensitive detection in a complex medium mimicking urine conditions. For this aim, we selected sarcosine-specific DNA aptamers using graphene oxide-assisted systemic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (GO-SELEX). The candidate aptamers were labeled with 6-carboxyfluorescein (6-FAM) at their 5' ends. Two aptamers, namely 9S and 13S produced a significant fluorescence signal upon sarcosine binding. Both aptamers enabled a sensitive analysis with a detection limit of 0.5 pM. The linear detection ranged between 5 pM and 50 μM for 9S aptamer, while 13S aptamer enabled a wider linear detection range between 5 pM and 500 μM. The aptamer-based assay allowed rapid detection with no need for chemical derivatization of sarcosine and sophisticated instruments. Moreover, the aptamer-based assay was free of interference from urea and human serum albumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canan Özyurt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100 Bornova-İzmir, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Çelik Canbay
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100 Bornova-İzmir, Turkey
| | - Erhan Dinçkaya
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100 Bornova-İzmir, Turkey
| | - Serap Evran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100 Bornova-İzmir, Turkey.
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Strmiska V, Michalek P, Eckschlager T, Stiborova M, Adam V, Krizkova S, Heger Z. Prostate cancer-specific hallmarks of amino acids metabolism: Towards a paradigm of precision medicine. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2019; 1871:248-258. [PMID: 30708041 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
So far multiple differences in prostate cancer-specific amino acids metabolism have been discovered. Moreover, attempts to utilize these alterations for prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment have been made. The prostate cancer metabolism and biosynthesis of amino acids are particularly focused on anaplerosis more than on energy production. Other crucial requirements on amino acids pool come from the serine, one‑carbon cycle, glycine synthesis pathway and folate metabolism forming major sources of interproducts for synthesis of nucleobases necessary for rapidly proliferating cells. Considering the lack of some amino acids biosynthetic pathways and/or their extraordinary importance for prostate cancer cells, there is a widespread potential for targeted therapeutic applications with no effect on non-malignant cells. This review summarizes the up-to-date knowledge of the importance of amino acids for prostate cancer pathogenesis with a special emphasis on potential applications of metabolic variabilities in the new oncologic paradigm of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav Strmiska
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Michalek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Eckschlager
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, 2(nd) Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and University Hospital Motol, V Uvalu 84, CZ-150 06 Prague, 5, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Stiborova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 2030, CZ-128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sona Krizkova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbynek Heger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, CZ-612 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Moreno P, Jiménez-Jiménez C, Garrido-Rodríguez M, Calderón-Santiago M, Molina S, Lara-Chica M, Priego-Capote F, Salvatierra Á, Muñoz E, Calzado MA. Metabolomic profiling of human lung tumor tissues - nucleotide metabolism as a candidate for therapeutic interventions and biomarkers. Mol Oncol 2018; 12:1778-1796. [PMID: 30099851 PMCID: PMC6165994 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although metabolomics has attracted considerable attention in the field of lung cancer (LC) detection and management, only a very limited number of works have applied it to tissues. As such, the aim of this study was the thorough analysis of metabolic profiles of relevant LC tissues, including the most important histological subtypes (adenocarcinoma and squamous cell lung carcinoma). Mass spectrometry‐based metabolomics, along with genetic expression and histological analyses, were performed as part of this study, the widest to date, to identify metabolic alterations in tumors of the most relevant histological subtypes in lung. A total of 136 lung tissue samples were analyzed and 851 metabolites were identified through metabolomic analysis. Our data show the existence of a clear metabolic alteration not only between tumor vs. nonmalignant tissue in each patient, but also inherently intrinsic changes in both AC and SCC. Significant changes were observed in the most relevant biochemical pathways, and nucleotide metabolism showed an important number of metabolites with high predictive capability values. The present study provides a detailed analysis of the metabolomic changes taking place in relevant biochemical pathways of the most important histological subtypes of LC, which can be used as biomarkers and also to identify novel targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Moreno
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.,Unidad de Cirugía Torácica y Trasplante Pulmonar, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Carla Jiménez-Jiménez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.,Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Mónica Calderón-Santiago
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.,Departamento de Química Analítica, Universidad de Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Susana Molina
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.,Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Maribel Lara-Chica
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.,Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Feliciano Priego-Capote
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.,Departamento de Química Analítica, Universidad de Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Ángel Salvatierra
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.,Unidad de Cirugía Torácica y Trasplante Pulmonar, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Eduardo Muñoz
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.,Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Marco A Calzado
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain.,Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
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An integrated portable system for single chip simultaneous measurement of multiple disease associated metabolites. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 122:88-94. [PMID: 30245326 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Metabolites, the small molecules that underpin life, can act as indicators of the physiological state of the body when their abundance varies, offering routes to diagnosis of many diseases. The ability to assay for multiple metabolites simultaneously will underpin a new generation of precision diagnostic tools. Here, we report the development of a handheld device based on complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology with multiple isolated micro-well reaction zones and integrated optical sensing allowing simultaneous enzyme-based assays of multiple metabolites (choline, xanthine, sarcosine and cholesterol) associated with multiple diseases. These metabolites were measured in clinically relevant concentration range with minimum concentrations measured: 25 μM for choline, 100 μM for xanthine, 1.25 μM for sarcosine and 50 μM for cholesterol. Linking the device to an Android-based user interface allows for quantification of metabolites in serum and urine within 2 min of applying samples to the device. The quantitative performance of the device was validated by comparison to accredited tests for cholesterol and glucose.
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Hyaluronic acid and hyaluronidase as possible novel urine biomarkers for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Med Oncol 2018; 35:97. [PMID: 29802604 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-018-1157-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The goal of the study is to examine the possible use of HA (hyaluronic acid) and HAase (hyaluronidase) as novel urine biomarkers for the early diagnosis for prostate cancer (Pca). After a prostatic massage, the urine of 118 high-risk patients for Pca was collected, and the patients were submitted to ultrasound-guided transrectal biopsy. HA and HAase were detected and analyzed with Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, and a statistical analysis of the urine levels of the two biomarkers according to the histology results was performed. HAase and HA were independently associated with Pca, and both HAase and HA showed significant predictive ability for prostate cancer. With an optimal cut-off point of 183.71 HAase had 70% sensitivity maintaining at the same time a 55.2% specificity, while the optimal cut-off point for HA was 50.13 with 65% sensitivity and 53.9% specificity. Patients with HAase more than 183.71 ng/ml had 3.67 times greater likelihood for prostate cancer and Patients with HA more than 50.13 ng/ml had 2.31 times greater likelihood for prostate cancer. The need of novel biomarkers that will improve the efficacy of PSA is urgent. HAase and HA showed significant predictive ability for prostate cancer and were independently associated with Pca, and greater levels were associated with greater odds for prostate cancer. To Our Knowledge, this is the first study referring to the detection of HAase and HA as potential urine biomarkers for the early diagnosis of Pca.
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Hyaluronic acid and hyaluronidase as possible novel urine biomarkers for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2018. [PMID: 29802604 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-018-1157-9.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
Abstract
The goal of the study is to examine the possible use of HA (hyaluronic acid) and HAase (hyaluronidase) as novel urine biomarkers for the early diagnosis for prostate cancer (Pca). After a prostatic massage, the urine of 118 high-risk patients for Pca was collected, and the patients were submitted to ultrasound-guided transrectal biopsy. HA and HAase were detected and analyzed with Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, and a statistical analysis of the urine levels of the two biomarkers according to the histology results was performed. HAase and HA were independently associated with Pca, and both HAase and HA showed significant predictive ability for prostate cancer. With an optimal cut-off point of 183.71 HAase had 70% sensitivity maintaining at the same time a 55.2% specificity, while the optimal cut-off point for HA was 50.13 with 65% sensitivity and 53.9% specificity. Patients with HAase more than 183.71 ng/ml had 3.67 times greater likelihood for prostate cancer and Patients with HA more than 50.13 ng/ml had 2.31 times greater likelihood for prostate cancer. The need of novel biomarkers that will improve the efficacy of PSA is urgent. HAase and HA showed significant predictive ability for prostate cancer and were independently associated with Pca, and greater levels were associated with greater odds for prostate cancer. To Our Knowledge, this is the first study referring to the detection of HAase and HA as potential urine biomarkers for the early diagnosis of Pca.
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44
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Wang M, Zou L, Liang J, Wang X, Zhang D, Fang Y, Zhang J, Xiao F, Liu M. The Urinary Sarcosine/Creatinine Ratio is a Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker in Prostate Cancer. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:3034-3041. [PMID: 29741162 PMCID: PMC5967288 DOI: 10.12659/msm.909949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the urinary sarcosine/creatinine ratio in the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer, using a sarcosine oxidase assay. Material/Methods Urine samples were obtained from 203 patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and 209 patients with prostate cancer. Levels of urinary sarcosine were measured using the sarcosine oxidase method. The urinary sarcosine/creatinine ratios were compared between the group of patients with BPH and the patients with prostate cancer. In the two patients groups, the urinary sarcosine/creatinine ratio was compared with the measurement of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and the free/total (F/T) PSA ratio. Correlations between of the urinary sarcosine/creatinine ratio and the Gleason grade and stage of prostate cancer were analyzed. Results There was a significant difference between the urinary sarcosine/creatinine ratio in the BPH group and prostate cancer group (P<0.01), which was independent of serum PSA. The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and area under the curve (AUC) for the urinary sarcosine/creatinine ratio was significantly higher compared with the serum PSA and the F/T PSA ratio. There was a significant difference in the urinary sarcosine/creatinine ratio in patients with prostate cancer with Gleason score ≤6, 7, and ≥8, and between patients with metastatic and non-metastatic prostate cancer. Conclusions The urinary sarcosine/creatinine ratio was a diagnostic indicator of prostate cancer, for patients with a serum PSA level <10 ng/ml, and correlated with the Gleason score and with the presence of metastases (stage) of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Lihui Zou
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Jing Liang
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Dalei Zhang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Yuan Fang
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Junhua Zhang
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Fei Xiao
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China (mainland)
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Results, meta-analysis and a first evaluation of U NOxR, the urinary nitrate-to-nitrite molar ratio, as a measure of nitrite reabsorption in experimental and clinical settings. Amino Acids 2018; 50:799-821. [PMID: 29728915 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-018-2573-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We recently found that renal carbonic anhydrase (CA) is involved in the reabsorption of inorganic nitrite (NO2-), an abundant reservoir of nitric oxide (NO) in tissues and cells. Impaired NO synthesis in the endothelium and decreased NO bioavailability in the circulation are considered major contributors to the development and progression of renal and cardiovascular diseases in different conditions including diabetes. Isolated human and bovine erythrocytic CAII and CAIV can convert nitrite to nitrous acid (HONO) and its anhydride N2O3 which, in the presence of thiols (RSH), are further converted to S-nitrosothiols (RSNO) and NO. Thus, CA may be responsible both for the homeostasis of nitrite and for its bioactivation to RSNO/NO. We hypothesized that enhanced excretion of nitrite in the urine may contribute to NO-related dysfunctions in the renal and cardiovascular systems, and proposed the urinary nitrate-to-nitrite molar ratio, i.e., UNOxR, as a measure of renal CA-dependent excretion of nitrite. Based on results from clinical and experimental animal studies, here, we report on a first evaluation of UNOxR. We determined UNOxR values in preterm neonates, healthy children, and adults, in children suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) or Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), in elderly subjects suffering from chronic rheumatic diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), coronary artery disease (CAD), or peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). We also determined UNOxR values in healthy young men who ingested isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN), pentaerythrityl tetranitrate (PETN), or inorganic nitrate. In addition, we tested the utility of UNOxR in two animal models, i.e., the LEW.1AR1-iddm rat, an animal model of human T1DM, and the APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, a model of human dyslipidemia. Mean UNOxR values were lower in adult patients with rheumatic diseases (187) and in T2DM patients of the DALI study (74) as compared to healthy elderly adults (660) and healthy young men (1500). The intra- and inter-variabilities of UNOxR were of the order of 50% in young and elderly healthy subjects. UNOxR values were lower in black compared to white boys (314 vs. 483, P = 0.007), which is in line with reported lower NO bioavailability in black ethnicity. Mean UNOxR values were lower in DMD (424) compared to healthy (730) children, but they were higher in T1DM children (1192). ISDN (3 × 30 mg) decreased stronger UNOxR compared to PETN (3 × 80 mg) after 1 day (P = 0.046) and after 5 days (P = 0.0016) of oral administration of therapeutically equivalent doses. In healthy young men who ingested NaNO3 (0.1 mmol/kg/d), UNOxR was higher than in those who ingested the same dose of NaCl (1709 vs. 369). In LEW.1AR1-iddm rats, mean UNOxR values were lower than in healthy rats (198 vs. 308) and comparable to those in APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice (151).
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Identification of Sarcosine as a Target Molecule for the Canine Olfactory Detection of Prostate Carcinoma. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4958. [PMID: 29563505 PMCID: PMC5862890 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23072-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The hypothesis that dogs can detect malignant tumours through the identification of specific molecules is nearly 30 years old. To date, several reports have described the successful detection of distinct types of cancer. However, is still a lack of data regarding the specific molecules that can be recognized by a dog’s olfactory apparatus. Hence, we performed a study with artificially prepared, well-characterized urinary specimens that were enriched with sarcosine, a widely reported urinary biomarker for prostate cancer (PCa). For the purposes of the study, a German shepherd dog was utilized for analyses of 60 positive and 120 negative samples. Our study provides the first evidence that a sniffer dog specially trained for the olfactory detection of PCa can recognize sarcosine in artificial urine with a performance [sensitivity of 90%, specificity of 95%, and precision of 90% for the highest amount of sarcosine (10 µmol/L)] that is comparable to the identification of PCa-diagnosed subjects (sensitivity of 93.5% and specificity of 91.6%). This study casts light on the unrevealed phenomenon of PCa olfactory detection and opens the door for further studies with canine olfactory detection and cancer diagnostics.
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GC-MS-Based Endometabolome Analysis Differentiates Prostate Cancer from Normal Prostate Cells. Metabolites 2018; 8:metabo8010023. [PMID: 29562689 PMCID: PMC5876012 DOI: 10.3390/metabo8010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is an important health problem worldwide. Diagnosis and management of PCa is very complex because the detection of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) has several drawbacks. Metabolomics brings promise for cancer biomarker discovery and for better understanding PCa biochemistry. In this study, a gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) based metabolomic profiling of PCa cell lines was performed. The cell lines include 22RV1 and LNCaP from PCa with androgen receptor (AR) expression, DU145 and PC3 (which lack AR expression), and one normal prostate cell line (PNT2). Regarding the metastatic potential, PC3 is from an adenocarcinoma grade IV with high metastatic potential, DU145 has a moderate metastatic potential, and LNCaP has a low metastatic potential. Using multivariate analysis, alterations in levels of several intracellular metabolites were detected, disclosing the capability of the endometabolome to discriminate all PCa cell lines from the normal prostate cell line. Discriminant metabolites included amino acids, fatty acids, steroids, and sugars. Six stood out for the separation of all the studied PCa cell lines from the normal prostate cell line: ethanolamine, lactic acid, β-Alanine, L-valine, L-leucine, and L-tyrosine.
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Rodrigo MAM, Strmiska V, Horackova E, Buchtelova H, Michalek P, Stiborova M, Eckschlager T, Adam V, Heger Z. Sarcosine influences apoptosis and growth of prostate cells via cell-type specific regulation of distinct sets of genes. Prostate 2018; 78:104-112. [PMID: 29105933 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcosine is a widely discussed oncometabolite of prostate cells. Although several reports described connections between sarcosine and various phenotypic changes of prostate cancer (PCa) cells, there is still a lack of insights on the complex phenomena of its effects on gene expression patterns, particularly in non-malignant and non-metastatic cells. METHODS To shed more light on this phenomenon, we performed parallel microarray profiling of RNA isolated from non-malignant (PNT1A), malignant (22Rv1), and metastatic (PC-3) prostate cell lines treated with sarcosine. Microarray results were experimentally verified using semi-quantitative-RT-PCR, clonogenic assay, through testing of the susceptibility of cells pre-incubated with sarcosine to anticancer agents with different modes of actions (inhibitors of topoisomerase II, DNA cross-linking agent, antimicrotubule agent and inhibitor of histone deacetylases) and by evaluation of activation of executioner caspases 3/7. RESULTS We identified that irrespective of the cell type, sarcosine stimulates up-regulation of distinct sets of genes involved in cell cycle and mitosis, while down-regulates expression of genes driving apoptosis. Moreover, it was found that in all cell types, sarcosine had pronounced stimulatory effects on clonogenicity. Except of an inhibitor of histone deacetylase valproic acid, efficiency of all agents was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in sarcosine pre-incubated cells. CONCLUSIONS Our comparative study brings evidence that sarcosine affects not only metastatic PCa cells, but also their malignant and non-malignant counterparts and induces very similar changes in cells behavior, but via distinct cell-type specific targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Merlos Rodrigo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladislav Strmiska
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Horackova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Buchtelova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Michalek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Stiborova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Eckschlager
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zbynek Heger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
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Gonzalez-Solino C, Lorenzo MD. Enzymatic Fuel Cells: Towards Self-Powered Implantable and Wearable Diagnostics. BIOSENSORS 2018; 8:E11. [PMID: 29382147 PMCID: PMC5872059 DOI: 10.3390/bios8010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid progress in nanotechnology and microengineering, point-of-care and personalised healthcare, based on wearable and implantable diagnostics, is becoming a reality. Enzymatic fuel cells (EFCs) hold great potential as a sustainable means to power such devices by using physiological fluids as the fuel. This review summarises the fundamental operation of EFCs and discusses the most recent advances for their use as implantable and wearable self-powered sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mirella Di Lorenzo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
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Samanta S, Rahaman SZ, Roy A, Jana S, Chakrabarti S, Panja R, Roy S, Dutta M, Ginnaram S, Prakash A, Maikap S, Cheng HM, Tsai LN, Qiu JT, Ray SK. Understanding of multi-level resistive switching mechanism in GeO x through redox reaction in H 2O 2/sarcosine prostate cancer biomarker detection. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11240. [PMID: 28894240 PMCID: PMC5593955 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11657-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Formation-free multi-level resistive switching characteristics by using 10 nm-thick polycrystalline GeOx film in a simple W/GeOx/W structure and understanding of switching mechanism through redox reaction in H2O2/sarcosine sensing (or changing Ge°/Ge4+ oxidation states under external bias) have been reported for the first time. Oxidation states of Ge0/Ge4+ are confirmed by both XPS and H2O2 sensing of GeOx membrane in electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor structure. Highly repeatable 1000 dc cycles and stable program/erase (P/E) endurance of >106 cycles at a small pulse width of 100 ns are achieved at a low operation current of 0.1 µA. The thickness of GeOx layer is found to be increased to 12.5 nm with the reduction of polycrystalline grain size of <7 nm after P/E of 106 cycles, which is observed by high-resolution TEM. The switching mechanism is explored through redox reaction in GeOx membrane by sensing 1 nM H2O2, which is owing to the change of oxidation states from Ge0 to Ge4+ because of the enhanced O2- ions migration in memory device under external bias. In addition, sarcosine as a prostate cancer biomarker with low concentration of 50 pM to 10 µM is also detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhranu Samanta
- Thin Film Nano Tech. Lab., Department of Electronics Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Sheikh Ziaur Rahaman
- Thin Film Nano Tech. Lab., Department of Electronics Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302, Taiwan
- Electronics and Optoelectronics Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI), Hsinchu, 310, Taiwan
| | - Anisha Roy
- Thin Film Nano Tech. Lab., Department of Electronics Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Surajit Jana
- Thin Film Nano Tech. Lab., Department of Electronics Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Somsubhra Chakrabarti
- Thin Film Nano Tech. Lab., Department of Electronics Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Rajeswar Panja
- Thin Film Nano Tech. Lab., Department of Electronics Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Sourav Roy
- Thin Film Nano Tech. Lab., Department of Electronics Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Mrinmoy Dutta
- Thin Film Nano Tech. Lab., Department of Electronics Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Sreekanth Ginnaram
- Thin Film Nano Tech. Lab., Department of Electronics Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Amit Prakash
- Thin Film Nano Tech. Lab., Department of Electronics Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Siddheswar Maikap
- Thin Film Nano Tech. Lab., Department of Electronics Engineering, Chang Gung University, 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Rd., Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 33302, Taiwan.
- Division of Gyn-Oncology, Department of Obs/Gyn, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (CGMH), Tao-Yuan, 33302, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Ming Cheng
- Material and Chemical Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, 310, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Na Tsai
- Material and Chemical Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, 310, Taiwan
| | - Jian-Tai Qiu
- Division of Gyn-Oncology, Department of Obs/Gyn, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (CGMH), Tao-Yuan, 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Chang Gung University (CGU), Tao-Yuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Samit K Ray
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, 721302, India
- S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, J D Block, Sector III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, 106, India
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