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Balamurugan A, Mallikarjuna MG, Bansal S, Nayaka SC, Rajashekara H, Chellapilla TS, Prakash G. Genome-wide identification and characterization of NBLRR genes in finger millet (Eleusine coracana L.) and their expression in response to Magnaporthe grisea infection. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:75. [PMID: 38281915 PMCID: PMC10823742 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04743-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nucleotide binding site leucine rich repeat (NBLRR) genes significantly regulate defences against phytopathogens in plants. The genome-wide identification and analysis of NBLRR genes have been performed in several species. However, the detailed evolution, structure, expression of NBLRRs and functional response to Magnaporthe grisea are unknown in finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.). RESULTS The genome-wide scanning of the finger millet genome resulted in 116 NBLRR (EcNBLRRs1-116) encompassing 64 CC-NB-LRR, 47 NB-LRR and 5 CCR-NB-LRR types. The evolutionary studies among the NBLRRs of five Gramineae species, viz., purple false brome (Brachypodium distachyon (L.) P.Beauv.), finger millet (E. coracana), rice (Oryza sativa L.), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. (Moench)) and foxtail millet (Setaria italica (L.) P.Beauv.) showed the evolution of NBLRRs in the ancestral lineage of the target species and subsequent divergence through gene-loss events. The purifying selection (Ka/Ks < 1) shaped the expansions of NBLRRs paralogs in finger millet and orthologs among the target Gramineae species. The promoter sequence analysis showed various stress- and phytohormone-responsive cis-acting elements besides growth and development, indicating their potential role in disease defence and regulatory mechanisms. The expression analysis of 22 EcNBLRRs in the genotypes showing contrasting responses to Magnaporthe grisea infection revealed four and five EcNBLRRs in early and late infection stages, respectively. The six of these nine candidate EcNBLRRs proteins, viz., EcNBLRR21, EcNBLRR26, EcNBLRR30, EcNBLRR45, EcNBLRR55 and EcNBLRR76 showed CC, NB and LRR domains, whereas the EcNBLRR23, EcNBLRR32 and EcNBLRR83 showed NB and LRR somains. CONCLUSION The identification and expression analysis of EcNBLRRs showed the role of EcNBLRR genes in assigning blast resistance in finger millet. These results pave the foundation for in-depth and targeted functional analysis of EcNBLRRs through genome editing and transgenic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Balamurugan
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | | | - Shilpi Bansal
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
- Department of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Modinagar, Uttar Pradesh, 201204, India
| | - S Chandra Nayaka
- Department of Studies in Applied Botany and Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Mysore, 570005, India
| | | | | | - Ganesan Prakash
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India.
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Liu F, Ali T, Liu Z. Molecular cloning and characterization of Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase promoter gene from Asarum sieboldii Miq. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2023; 70:83-96. [PMID: 35244949 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Asarum sieboldii Miq., a perennial herb of the family Aristolochiaceae, is widely used in China to treat cold, fever, aphthous stomatitis, toothache, gingivitis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Methyleugenol is the most representative pharmacological constituent of this medicinal herb. Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase (CCR), which has been well known for occupying a critical position in the lignin biosynthesis pathway, is also shared with the biosynthesis of methyleugenol. To better understand the regulatory mechanisms of methyleugenol biosynthesis, a 1530-bp long promoter region of the AsCCR1 gene was isolated. PLACE and PlantCARE analysis affirmed the existence of the core promoter elements such as TATA and CAAT boxes, abiotic stress-responsive cis-regulation elements like abscisic acid-responsive element, G-box, and MBS in the isolated sequence. The histochemical assay suggested that it was a constitutive promoter, highly expressed in the root tissue. Moreover, the region of -200 bp to ATG (start codon) was enough to drive the expression of It GUS gene. Treatments with low temperature and high concentration of gibberellin or abscisic acid demonstrated the abiotic stress-induced expression of the AsCCR1 promoter. Overall, this study revealed the isolation and characterization of the AsCCR1 promoter. Moreover, it also provided a candidate gene for molecular breeding in A. sieboldii to enhance its pharmacological potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Tahir Ali
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Zhao X, Zhao J, Yang Q, Huang M, Song Y, Li M, Sui S, Liu D. Functional Characterization of the CpNAC1 Promoter and Gene from Chimonanthus praecox in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010542. [PMID: 36613984 PMCID: PMC9820485 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The NAC (NAM, ATAF, and CUC) gene family is one of the largest plant-specific transcription factor families. Its members have various biological functions that play important roles in regulating plant growth and development and in responding to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, their functions in woody plants are not fully understood. In this study, we isolated an NAC family member, the CpNAC1 promoter and gene, from wintersweet. CpNAC1 was localized to the nucleus and showed transcriptional activation activity. qRT-PCR analyses revealed that the gene was expressed in almost all tissues tested, with the highest levels found in mature leaves and flower buds. Moreover, its expression was induced by various abiotic stresses and ABA treatment. Its expression patterns were further confirmed in CpNAC1pro:GUS (β-glucuronidase) plants. Among all the transgenic lines, CpNAC1pro-D2 showed high GUS histochemical staining and activity in different tissues of Arabidopsis. Furthermore, its GUS activity significantly increased in response to various abiotic stresses and ABA treatment. This may be related to the stress-related cis-elements, such as ABRE and MYB, which clustered in the CpNAC1pro-D2 segment, suggesting that CpNAC1pro-D2 is the core segment that responds to abiotic stresses and ABA. In addition, CpNAC1-overexpressed Arabidopsis plants had weaker osmosis tolerance than the wild-type plants, demonstrating that CpNAC1 may negatively regulate the drought stress response in transgenic Arabidopsis. Our results provide a foundation for further analyses of NAC family genes in wintersweet, and they broaden our knowledge of the roles that NAC family genes may play in woody plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shunzhao Sui
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (D.L.); Tel.: +86-23-6825-0086 (S.S.); +86-23-6825-0086 (D.L.)
| | - Daofeng Liu
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (D.L.); Tel.: +86-23-6825-0086 (S.S.); +86-23-6825-0086 (D.L.)
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Overexpression of a Senescence-Related Gene CpSRG1 from Wintersweet ( Chimonanthus praecox) Promoted Growth and Flowering, and Delayed Senescence in Transgenic Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213971. [PMID: 36430449 PMCID: PMC9696086 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant senescence is a complex process that is controlled by developmental regulation and genetic programs. A senescence-related gene CpSRG1, which belongs to the 2OG-Fe(II) dioxygenase superfamily, was characterized from wintersweet, and the phylogenetic relationship of CpSRG1 with homologs from other species was investigated. The expression analysis by qRT-PCR (quantitative real-time PCR) indicated that CpSRG1 is abundant in flower organs, especially in petals and stamens, and the highest expression of CpSRG1 was detected in stage 6 (withering period). The expression patterns of the CpSRG1 gene were further confirmed in CpSRG1pro::GUS (β-glucuronidase) plants, and the activity of the CpSRG1 promoter was enhanced by exogenous Eth (ethylene), SA (salicylic acid), and GA3 (gibberellin). Heterologous overexpression of CpSRG1 in Arabidopsis promoted growth and flowering, and delayed senescence. Moreover, the survival rates were significantly higher and the root lengths were significantly longer in the transgenic lines than in the wild-type plants, both under low nitrogen stress and GA3 treatment. This indicated that the CpSRG1 gene may promote the synthesis of assimilates in plants through the GA pathway, thereby improving growth and flowering, and delaying senescence in transgenic Arabidopsis. Our study has laid a satisfactory foundation for further analysis of senescence-related genes in wintersweet and wood plants. It also enriched our knowledge of the 2OG-Fe(II) dioxygenase superfamily, which plays a variety of important roles in plants.
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Li R, Zou J, Sun D, Jing Y, Wu D, Lian M, Teng W, Zhan Y, Li W, Zhao X, Han Y. Fine-Mapping and Functional Analyses of a Candidate Gene Controlling Isoflavone Content in Soybeans Seed. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:865584. [PMID: 35548294 PMCID: PMC9084227 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.865584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Isoflavones, one of the most important secondary metabolites produced by soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), are important for a variety of biological processes, and are beneficial for human health. To identify genetic loci underlying soybean isoflavone content, a mapping population containing 119 F5:18 recombinant inbred lines, derived by crossing soybean cultivar "Zhongdou27" with "Dongong8004," was used. We identified 15 QTLs associated with isoflavone contents. A novel loci, qISO19-1, was mapped onto soybean chromosome 19 and was fine-mapped to a 62.8 kb region using a BC2F2 population. We considered GmMT1 as a candidate gene for the qISO19-1 locus due to the significant positive correlation recovered between its expression level and isoflavone content in the seeds of 43 soybean germplasms. Overexpression of GmMT1 in Arabidopsis and soybean cultivars increased isoflavone contents. Transgenic soybeans overexpressing GmMT1 also exhibited improved resistance to pathogenic infection, while transgenic Arabidopsis resisted salt and drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqiong Li
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education (Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jianan Zou
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education (Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Dongming Sun
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education (Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Jing
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Depeng Wu
- College of Life Science, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaiyin, China
| | - Ming Lian
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education (Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Weili Teng
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education (Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuhang Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education (Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education (Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education (Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yingpeng Han
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Ministry of Education (Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Breeding/Genetics of Chinese Agriculture Ministry), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Rehman A, Peng Z, Li H, Qin G, Jia Y, Pan Z, He S, Qayyum A, Du X. Genome wide analysis of IQD gene family in diploid and tetraploid species of cotton (Gossypium spp.). Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 184:1035-1061. [PMID: 34174315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Calmodulin (CaM) is considered as the most significant Ca2+ signaling messenger that mediate various biochemical and physiological reactions. IQ domain (IQD) proteins are plant specific CML/CaM calcium binding which are characterized by domains of 67 amino acids. 50, 50, 94, and 99 IQD genes were detected from G. arboreum (A2), G. raimondii (D5), G. barbadense (AD2) and G. hirsutum (AD1) respectively. Existence of more orthologous genes in cotton species than Arabidopsis, advocated that polyploidization produced new cotton specific orthologous gene clusters. Duplication of gene events depicts that IQD gene family of cotton evolution was under strong purifying selection. G. hirsutum exhibited high level synteny. GarIQD25 exhibited high expression in stem, root, flower, ovule and fiber in G. arboreum. In G. raimondii, GraIQD03 demonstrated upregulation across stem, ovule, fiber and seed. GbaIQD11 and GbaIQD62 exhibited upregulation in fiber development in G. barbadense. GhiIQD69 recognized as main candidate genes for plant parts, floral tissues, fiber and ovule development. Promotor analysis identified cis-regulatory elements were involved in plant growth and development. Overwhelmingly, present study paves the way to better understand the evolution of cotton IQD genes and lays a foundation for future investigation of IQD in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rehman
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Zhen Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Hongge Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Guangyong Qin
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Yinhua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Zhaoe Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Shoupu He
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang 455000, Henan, China
| | - Abdul Qayyum
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Bahauddin Zakariya university, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Xiongming Du
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang 455000, Henan, China.
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Zhong Y, Lu X, Deng Z, Lu Z, Fu M. A 1232 bp upstream sequence of glutamine synthetase 1b from Eichhornia crassipes is a root-preferential promoter sequence. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:66. [PMID: 33514320 PMCID: PMC7845104 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02832-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutamine synthetase (GS) acts as a key enzyme in plant nitrogen (N) metabolism. It is important to understand the regulation of GS expression in plant. Promoters can initiate the transcription of its downstream gene. Eichhornia crassipes is a most prominent aquatic invasive plant, which has negative effects on environment and economic development. It also can be used in the bioremediation of pollutants present in water and the production of feeding and energy fuel. So identification and characterization of GS promoter in E. crassipes can help to elucidate its regulation mechanism of GS expression and further to control its N metabolism. RESULTS A 1232 bp genomic fragment upstream of EcGS1b sequence from E. crassipes (EcGS1b-P) has been cloned, analyzed and functionally characterized. TSSP-TCM software and PlantCARE analysis showed a TATA-box core element, a CAAT-box, root specific expression element, light regulation elements including chs-CMA1a, Box I, and Sp1 and other cis-acting elements in the sequence. Three 5'-deletion fragments of EcGS1b upstream sequence with 400 bp, 600 bp and 900 bp length and the 1232 bp fragment were used to drive the expression of β-glucuronidase (GUS) in tobacco. The quantitative test revealed that GUS activity decreased with the decreasing of the promoter length, which indicated that there were no negative regulated elements in the EcGS1-P. The GUS expressions of EcGS1b-P in roots were significantly higher than those in leaves and stems, indicating EcGS1b-P to be a root-preferential promoter. Real-time Quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis of EcGS1b gene also showed higher expression in the roots of E.crassipes than in stems and leaves. CONCLUSIONS EcGS1b-P is a root-preferential promoter sequence. It can specifically drive the transcription of its downstream gene in root. This study will help to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of EcGS1b tissue-specific expression and further study its other regulatory mechanisms in order to utilize E.crassipes in remediation of eutrophic water and control its overgrowth from the point of nutrient metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanshan Zhong
- Bioengineering Department, Biological and Pharmaceutical College, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China, 510006
| | - Xiaodan Lu
- Bioengineering Department, Biological and Pharmaceutical College, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China, 510006
| | - Zhiwei Deng
- Bioengineering Department, Biological and Pharmaceutical College, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China, 510006
| | - Ziqing Lu
- Bioengineering Department, Biological and Pharmaceutical College, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China, 510006
| | - Minghui Fu
- Bioengineering Department, Biological and Pharmaceutical College, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China, 510006.
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Chandra AK, Pandey D, Tiwari A, Sharma D, Agarwal A, Sood S, Kumar A. An Omics Study of Iron and Zinc Homeostasis in Finger Millet: Biofortified Foods for Micronutrient Deficiency in an Era of Climate Change? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 24:688-705. [DOI: 10.1089/omi.2020.0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar Chandra
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Dinesh Pandey
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Apoorv Tiwari
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
- Department of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS), Allahabad, India
| | - Divya Sharma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
- Department of Botany, Delhi University, Delhi, India
| | - Aparna Agarwal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Salej Sood
- Department of Crop Improvement, Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Director of Education, Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi, India
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Li R, Zhu F, Duan D. Function analysis and stress-mediated cis-element identification in the promoter region of VqMYB15. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2020; 15:1773664. [PMID: 32475217 PMCID: PMC8570707 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1773664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor MYB15 plays an important role in grape basal immunity, and its promoter can be used as a potential target in resistance breeding. However, the regulatory mechanisms of cis-elements in its promoter region under a variety of stresses remain unclear. In this study, we identified some putative cis-regulatory elements present upstream of MYB15 in Vitis quinquangularis Shanyang (pVqMYB15_SY) and subsequently characterized the function of these elements using reporter assays. Our results showed that TCA-elements 1 and 2, ABRE, MYC and 3-AF1 binding site 1 are key cis-regulatory elements in pVqMYB15_SY and play important roles in plant bio/abiotic stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Fanding Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Dong Duan
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- CONTACT Dong Duan Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an710069, China
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Huang R, Liu D, Huang M, Ma J, Li Z, Li M, Sui S. CpWRKY71, a WRKY Transcription Factor Gene of Wintersweet ( Chimonanthus praecox), Promotes Flowering and Leaf Senescence in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215325. [PMID: 31731556 PMCID: PMC6862124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The WRKY transcription factors are one of the most important plant-specific transcription factors and play vital roles in various biological processes. However, the functions of WRKY genes in wintersweet (Chimonanthus praecox) are still unknown. In this report, a group IIc WRKY gene, CpWRKY71, was isolated from wintersweet. CpWRKY71 was localized to the nucleus and possessed transcriptional activation activity. qRT-PCR (quantitative real-time PCR) analysis showed that CpWRKY71 was expressed in all tissues tested, with higher expression in flowers and senescing leaves. During the flower development, the highest expression was detected in the early-withering stage, an obvious expression of CpWRKY71 was also observed in the flower primordia differentiation and the bloom stage. Meanwhile, the expression of CpWRKY71 was influenced by various abiotic stress and hormone treatments. The expression patterns of the CpWRKY71 gene were further confirmed in CpWRKY71pro:GUS (β-glucuronidase) plants. Heterologous overexpression of CpWRKY71 in Arabidopsis caused early flowering. Consistent with the early flowering phenotype, the expression of floral pathway integrators and floral meristem identity (FMI) genes were significantly up-regulated in transgenic plants. In addition, we also observed that the transgenic plants of CpWRKY71 exhibited precocious leaf senescence. In conclusion, our results suggested that CpWRKY71 may be involved in the regulation of flowering and leaf senescence in Arabidopsis. Our study provides a foundation for further characterization of CpWRKY genes function in wintersweet, and also enrich our knowledge of molecular mechanism about flowering and senescence in wintersweet.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mingyang Li
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (S.S.); Tel.: +86-23-6825-0086 (M.L.); +86-23-6825-0086 (S.S.)
| | - Shunzhao Sui
- Correspondence: (M.L.); (S.S.); Tel.: +86-23-6825-0086 (M.L.); +86-23-6825-0086 (S.S.)
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Liu H, Zhu K, Tan C, Zhang J, Zhou J, Jin L, Ma G, Zou Q. Identification and characterization of PsDREB2 promoter involved in tissue-specific expression and abiotic stress response from Paeonia suffruticosa. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7052. [PMID: 31223528 PMCID: PMC6571008 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dehydration-responsive element-binding factor 2 (DREB2) belongs to the C-repeat-binding factor (CBF)/DREB subfamily of proteins. In this study, a 2,245 bp PsDREB2 promoter fragment was isolated from the genome of Paeonia suffruticosa. The fragment was rich in A/T bases and contained TATA box sequences, abscisic acid (ABA)-response elements, and other cis-elements, such as MYB and CAAT box. The promoter was fused with the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene to generate an expression vector. Arabidopsis thaliana was transformed with a flower dipping method. Gus activity in different tissues and organs of transgenic plants was determined via histochemical staining and quantified via GUS fluorescence. The activity of promoter regulatory elements in transgenic plants under drought, low-temperature, high-salt, and ABA stresses was analyzed. The results showed that the PsDREB2 gene promoter was expressed in the roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and silique pods but not in the seeds of transgenic Arabidopsis. Furthermore, the promoter was induced by drought, low temperature, high salt, and ABA. Hence, the PsDREB2 promoter is tissue- and stress-specific and can be used in the genetic engineering of novel peony cultivars in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichun Liu
- Research & Development Center of Flower, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaiyuan Zhu
- Research & Development Center of Flower, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Tan
- Research & Development Center of Flower, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqiang Zhang
- Research & Development Center of Flower, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianghua Zhou
- Research & Development Center of Flower, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Jin
- Research & Development Center of Flower, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guangying Ma
- Research & Development Center of Flower, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingcheng Zou
- Research & Development Center of Flower, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
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Osmolovskaya N, Shumilina J, Kim A, Didio A, Grishina T, Bilova T, Keltsieva OA, Zhukov V, Tikhonovich I, Tarakhovskaya E, Frolov A, Wessjohann LA. Methodology of Drought Stress Research: Experimental Setup and Physiological Characterization. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E4089. [PMID: 30563000 PMCID: PMC6321153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19124089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought is one of the major stress factors affecting the growth and development of plants. In this context, drought-related losses of crop plant productivity impede sustainable agriculture all over the world. In general, plants respond to water deficits by multiple physiological and metabolic adaptations at the molecular, cellular, and organism levels. To understand the underlying mechanisms of drought tolerance, adequate stress models and arrays of reliable stress markers are required. Therefore, in this review we comprehensively address currently available models of drought stress, based on culturing plants in soil, hydroponically, or in agar culture, and critically discuss advantages and limitations of each design. We also address the methodology of drought stress characterization and discuss it in the context of real experimental approaches. Further, we highlight the trends of methodological developments in drought stress research, i.e., complementing conventional tests with quantification of phytohormones and reactive oxygen species (ROS), measuring antioxidant enzyme activities, and comprehensively profiling transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Osmolovskaya
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Julia Shumilina
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199904 St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Ahyoung Kim
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Anna Didio
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199904 St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Tatiana Grishina
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199904 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Tatiana Bilova
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Olga A Keltsieva
- Institute of Analytical Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Science, 190103 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Vladimir Zhukov
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Igor Tikhonovich
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, 196608 St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Elena Tarakhovskaya
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Department of Scientific Information, Russian Academy of Sciences Library, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Andrej Frolov
- Department of Biochemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 199904 St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Ludger A Wessjohann
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Xue M, Long Y, Zhao Z, Huang G, Huang K, Zhang T, Jiang Y, Yuan Q, Pei X. Isolation and Characterization of a Green-Tissue Promoter from Common Wild Rice ( Oryza rufipogon Griff.). Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19072009. [PMID: 29996483 PMCID: PMC6073244 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19072009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Promoters play a very important role in the initiation and regulation of gene transcription. Green-tissue promoter is of great significance to the development of genetically modified crops. Based on RNA-seq data and RT-PCR expression analysis, this study screened a gene, OrGSE (GREEN SPECIAL EXPRESS), which is expressed specifically in green tissues. The study also isolated the promoter of the OrGSE gene (OrGSEp), and predicted many cis-acting elements, such as the CAAT-Box and TATA-Box, and light-responding elements, including circadian, G-BOX and GT1 CONSENSUS. Histochemical analysis and quantification of GUS activity in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing GUS under the control of OrGSEp revealed that this promoter is not only green tissue-specific, but also light-inducible. The ability of a series of 5’-deletion fragments of OrGSEp to drive GUS expression in Arabidopsis was also evaluated. We found that the promoter region from −54 to −114 is critical for the promoter function, and the region from −374 to −114 may contain core cis-elements involved in light response. In transgenic rice expressing GUS under the control of OrGSEp, visualization and quantification of GUS activity showed that GUS was preferentially expressed in green tissues and not in endosperm. OrGSEp is a useful regulatory element for breeding pest-resistant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mande Xue
- MOA Key Laboratory on Safety Assessment (Molecular) of Agri-GMO, Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Yan Long
- MOA Key Laboratory on Safety Assessment (Molecular) of Agri-GMO, Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Zhao
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Gege Huang
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Ke Huang
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Tianbao Zhang
- MOA Key Laboratory on Safety Assessment (Molecular) of Agri-GMO, Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Ying Jiang
- Experimental Center Basic Medical Teaching, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Qianhua Yuan
- College of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Xinwu Pei
- MOA Key Laboratory on Safety Assessment (Molecular) of Agri-GMO, Institute of Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Kim J, Liu L, Hu Z, Jin E. Identification and Functional Analysis of the psaD Promoter of Chlorella vulgaris Using Heterologous Model Strains. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1969. [PMID: 29986409 PMCID: PMC6073903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorella has great potential as a bio-factory for production of value-added compounds. To produce the desired chemicals more efficiently in Chlorella, genetic tools for modification of Chlorella need to be developed, especially an endogenous promoter. In this study, the promoter of photosystem I protein D (psaD) from Chlorella vulgaris UTEX395 was identified. Computational analysis revealed the presence of several putative cis-acting elements, including a potential core element, and light-responsive or stress-responsive elements. Gene expression analysis in heterologous expression system in Chlamydomonasreinhardtii and Nicotianabenthamiana showed that CvpsaD promoter can be used to drive the expression of genes. Functional analysis of this promoter suggested that the initiator element (Inr) is important for its function (i.e., TATA-less promoter) and that an additional factor (e.g., downstream of the transcriptional start site) might be needed for light response. We have shown that the CvpsaD promoter is functional, but not sufficiently strong, both in microalgae and higher plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jongrae Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea.
| | - Linpo Liu
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Zanmin Hu
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - EonSeon Jin
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea.
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