1
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Kellett SK, Masterson JC. Cellular metabolism and hypoxia interfacing with allergic diseases. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 116:335-348. [PMID: 38843075 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiae126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Allergic diseases display significant heterogeneity in their pathogenesis. Understanding the influencing factors, pathogenesis, and advancing new treatments for allergic diseases is becoming more and more vital as currently, prevalence continues to rise, and mechanisms of allergic diseases are not fully understood. The upregulation of the hypoxia response is linked to an elevated infiltration of activated inflammatory cells, accompanied by elevated metabolic requirements. An enhanced hypoxia response may potentially contribute to inflammation, remodeling, and the onset of allergic diseases. It has become increasingly clear that the process underlying immune and stromal cell activation during allergic sensitization requires well-tuned and dynamic changes in cellular metabolism. The purpose of this review is to examine current perspectives regarding metabolic dysfunction in allergic diseases. In the past decade, new technological platforms such as "omic" techniques have been applied, allowing for the identification of different biomarkers in multiple models ranging from altered lipid species content, increased nutrient transporters, and altered serum amino acids in various allergic diseases. Better understanding, recognition, and integration of these alterations would increase our knowledge of pathogenesis and potentially actuate a novel repertoire of targeted treatment approaches that regulate immune metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shauna K Kellett
- Allergy, Inflammation & Remodelling Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, W23 C2N1, County Kildare, Ireland
| | - Joanne C Masterson
- Allergy, Inflammation & Remodelling Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, W23 C2N1, County Kildare, Ireland
- Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Diseases Program, Department of Paediatrics, Digestive Health Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
- Kathleen Lonsdale Institute for Human Health Research, Maynooth University, Maynooth, W23 C2N1, County Kildare, Ireland
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2
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Tang JT, Gao KC, Zhang Y, Zhou XY, Yang LH, Kuang YQ, Li YY. ERK/STAT3 activation through CCL17/CCR4 axis-mediated type 2 cytokine-involved signaling pathways in Th2 cells regulates cutaneous drug reactions. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111712. [PMID: 38377858 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Cutaneous drug reactions (CDRs) are common drug-induced allergic reactions that cause severe consequences in HIV/AIDS patients. The CCL17/CCR4 axis is involved in the immune mechanism of allergic diseases, but its role in the CDRs has not been determined. Here, we aimed to determine the role of the CCL17/CCR4 axis and the underlying mechanism involved in CDRs. In this study, the serum cytokine levels in patients with CDR and healthy controls were measured. The CCL17-triggered allergic profile was screened via a PCR array. Apoptosis of keratinocytes cocultured with CCL17-stimulated Th2 cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. An NVP-induced rat CDR model was established, and dynamic inflammatory factor levels and Th2 cells in the peripheral blood of the rats were measured. Rat skin lesions and signaling pathways in Th2 cells were also analyzed. We showed that the serum CCL17 level was significantly upregulated in CDR patients (P = 0.0077), and the Th2 cell subgroup was also significantly elevated in the CDR rats. The CCL17/CCR4 axis induces Th2 cells to release IL-4 and IL-13 via the ERK/STAT3 pathway. The CCR4 antagonist compound 47 can alleviate rash symptoms resulting from NVP-induced drug eruption, Th2 cell subgroup, IL-4, and IL-13 and inhibit keratinocyte apoptosis. Taken together, these findings indicate that the CCL17/CCR4 axis mediates CDR via the ERK/STAT3 pathway in Th2 cells and type 2 cytokine-induced keratinocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ting Tang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Kai-Cheng Gao
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhou
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Lu-Hui Yang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China
| | - Yi-Qun Kuang
- Research Center for Clinical Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China.
| | - Yu-Ye Li
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China.
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3
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Wang X, Mao D, Jia J, Zhang J. Benvitimod Inhibits IL-4- and IL-13-Induced Tight Junction Impairment by Activating AHR/ARNT Pathway and Inhibiting STAT6 Phosphorylation in Human Keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:509-519.e7. [PMID: 37734479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Tight junctions are involved in skin barrier functions. In this study, the expression of CLDN1, CLDN4, and OCLN was found to decrease in skin lesions of atopic dermatitis by bioinformatics analysis. Immunohistochemistry staining in skin specimens from 12 patients with atopic dermatitis and 12 healthy controls also showed decreased CLDN1, CLDN4, and OCLN expression in atopic dermatitis lesions. In vitro studies showed that IL-4 and IL-13 downregulated CLDN1, CLDN4, and OCLN expression in HaCaT cells as well as CLDN4 and OCLN expression in human primary keratinocytes. This effect, which was mediated through the Jak-signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 signaling pathway, increased paracellular flux of 4-kDa dextran. Benvitimod, a new drug for atopic dermatitis, upregulated CLDN4 and OCLN through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor/aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator pathway. Benvitimod induced nuclear translocation of NRF2 and reduced production of ROS in keratinocytes, thus inhibiting IL-4-/IL-13-induced CLDN1 downregulation and signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 phosphorylation. These results indicate that T helper 2 cytokines are involved in tight junction impairment, and benvitimod can inhibit these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Mao
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Jia
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianzhong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
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4
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Huang Y, Chen L, Liu F, Xiong X, Ouyang Y, Deng Y. Tryptophan, an important link in regulating the complex network of skin immunology response in atopic dermatitis. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1300378. [PMID: 38318507 PMCID: PMC10839033 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1300378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease, of which the pathogenesis is a complex interplay between genetics and environment. Although the exact mechanisms of the disease pathogenesis remain unclear, the immune dysregulation primarily involving the Th2 inflammatory pathway and accompanied with an imbalance of multiple immune cells is considered as one of the critical etiologies of AD. Tryptophan metabolism has long been firmly established as a key regulator of immune cells and then affect the occurrence and development of many immune and inflammatory diseases. But the relationship between tryptophan metabolism and the pathogenesis of AD has not been profoundly discussed throughout the literatures. Therefore, this review is conducted to discuss the relationship between tryptophan metabolism and the complex network of skin inflammatory response in AD, which is important to elucidate its complex pathophysiological mechanisms, and then lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies and drugs for the treatment of this frequently relapsing disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Huang
- Department of Dermatology & Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD), the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingna Chen
- Department of Dermatology & Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD), the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Fuming Liu
- Department of Dermatology & Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD), the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xia Xiong
- Department of Dermatology & Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD), the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongliang Ouyang
- Department of Dermatology & Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD), Chengdu First People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Health Management Center, Luzhou People’s Hospital, Luzhou, China
| | - Yongqiong Deng
- Department of Dermatology & Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD), the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Dermatology & Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD), Chengdu First People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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5
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Zhu X, Han R, Tian X, Hochgerner M, Li H, Wang J, Xia J. The opposite effect of tapinarof between IMQ and IL-23 induced psoriasis mouse models. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e14862. [PMID: 37350230 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Tapinarof is an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligand which is used to treat plaque psoriasis in adults. However, the underlying mechanism is not yet fully understood. In this study, we applied two of the most studied psoriasis mouse models: topical application of imiquimod (IMQ) and subcutaneous injection of IL-23. Although both models successfully induced psoriasis-like lesions in mice, tapinarof had a completely opposite effect on the two models. Tapinarof decreased the expression of multiple essential cytokines involved in the pathological IL-23/IL-17/IL-22 axis and ameliorated IMQ-induced psoriatic dermatitis, inhibiting keratinocyte proliferation and abnormal differentiation. However, in the IL-23-injection-model, tapinarof instead aggravated the disease. Here, tapinarof increased epidermal thickness and differentiated epidermal dysplasia in mice. Our data suggest that tapinarof may have different effects on varied types of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Six-Sector Economy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruomei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoxue Tian
- Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mathias Hochgerner
- Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiucun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Research Unit of Dissecting the Population Genetics and Developing New Technologies for Treatment and Prevention of Dermatological Diseases (2019RU058), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Greater Bay Area Institute of Precision Medicine (Guangzhou), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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6
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Effects of Dupilumab on Itch-Related Events in Atopic Dermatitis: Implications for Assessing Treatment Efficacy in Clinical Practice. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020239. [PMID: 36672173 PMCID: PMC9857157 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dupilumab attenuates itch and skin inflammation in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). However, itch-related events that are improved by dupilumab remain unclear. Therefore, the present study investigated changes in clinical scores, serum biomarkers, and the number of intraepidermal nerve fibers (IENFs) using skin biopsies and blood samples from 12 patients with moderate to severe AD before and after treatment with dupilumab. Clinical manifestations were assessed using eczema area and severity index (EASI) and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at baseline and after 8 and 16 weeks of treatment. Serum levels of total immunoglobulin E (IgE), thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, IL-22, and IL-31 were examined by electrochemiluminescence, chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassays, ProQuantum immunoassays, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) at baseline and after 8 and 16 weeks of treatment. In skin biopsies from AD patients at baseline and after 16 weeks of treatment, IENFs were examined immunohistochemically with the anti-protein gene product (PGP) 9.5 antibody. The dupilumab treatment significantly improved EASI and VAS scores and decreased serum levels of TARC, IgE, and IL-22, whereas those of IL-13 and IL-31, and the number of IENFs remained unchanged and those of IL-4 increased. VAS scores were positively correlated with serum TARC, IL-22, and IgE levels and the degree of epidermal thickening. Serum IL-31 levels were positively correlated with the number of IENFs. These results suggest that serum TARC, IL-22, and IgE levels and epidermal thickness are itch-related events associated with dupilumab treatment and that serum IL-31 levels may reflect the degree of IENF density in AD patients. Therefore, dynamic changes may be used to assess the efficacy of dupilumab treatment to treat itching and inflammation in patients with AD.
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7
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Liu P, Kang C, Zhang J, Liu Y, Liu J, Hu T, Zeng X, Qiu S. The role of dendritic cells in allergic diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 113:109449. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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8
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Potential Therapeutic Skin Microbiomes Suppressing Staphylococcus aureus-Derived Immune Responses and Upregulating Skin Barrier Function-Related Genes via the AhR Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179551. [PMID: 36076953 PMCID: PMC9455615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Disruption of the skin microbial balance can exacerbate certain skin diseases and affect prognosis and treatment. Changes in the distribution and prevalence of certain microbial species on the skin, such as Staphylococcus aureus (SA), can impact the development of severe atopic dermatitis (AD) or psoriasis (Pso). A dysfunctional skin barrier develops in AD and Pso due to SA colonization, resulting in keratinization and chronic or progressive chronic inflammation. Disruption of the skin barrier following SA colonization can elevate the production of T helper 2 (Th2)-derived cytokines, which can cause an imbalance in Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells. This study examined the ability of potential therapeutic skin microbiomes, such as Cutibacterium avidum R-CH3 and Staphylococcus hominis R9, to inhibit SA biofilm formation and restore skin barrier function-related genes through the activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) downstream target. We observed that IL-4/IL-13-induced downregulation of FLG, LOR, and IVL induced by SA colonization could be reversed by dual AhR/Nrf2 activation. Further, OVOL1 expression may be modulated by functional microbiomes via dual AhR/Nrf2 activation. Our results suggest that our potential therapeutic skin microbiomes can prevent SA-derived Th2-biased skin barrier disruption via IL-13 and IL-4-dependent FLG deregulation, STAT3 activation, and AhR-mediated STAT6 expression.
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9
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Kopalli SR, Annamneedi VP, Koppula S. Potential Natural Biomolecules Targeting JAK/STAT/SOCS Signaling in the Management of Atopic Dermatitis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144660. [PMID: 35889539 PMCID: PMC9319717 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease caused by the dysregulation of cytokines and other immune mediators. JAK/STAT is a classical signal transduction pathway involved in various biological processes, and its dysregulation contributes to the key aspects of AD pathogenesis. Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins negatively regulate the immune-related inflammatory responses mediated by the JAK/STAT pathway. JAK/STAT-mediated production of cytokines including IL-4, IL-13, IL-31, and TSLP inhibits the expression of important skin barrier proteins and triggers pruritus in AD. The expression of SOCS proteins regulates the JAK-mediated cytokines and facilitates maintaining the skin barrier disruptions seen in AD. STATs are crucial in dendritic-cell-activated Th2 cell differentiation in the skin, releasing inflammatory cytokines, indicating that AD is a Th2-mediated skin disorder. SOCS proteins aid in balancing Th1/Th2 cells and, moreover, regulate the onset and maintenance of Th2-mediated allergic responses by reducing the Th2 cell activation and differentiation. SOCS proteins play a pivotal role in inflammatory cytokine-signaling events that act via the JAK/STAT pathway. Therapies relying on natural products and derived biomolecules have proven beneficial in AD when compared with the synthetic regimen. In this review, we focused on the available literature on the potential natural-product-derived biomolecules targeting JAK/STAT/SOCS signaling, mainly emphasizing the SOCS family of proteins (SOCS1, SOCS3, and SOCS5) acting as negative regulators in modulating JAK/STAT-mediated responses in AD pathogenesis and other inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Venkata Prakash Annamneedi
- Convergence Science Research Center, College of Pharmacy and Institute of Chronic Diseases, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea;
| | - Sushruta Koppula
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27381, Korea
- Correspondence:
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10
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Hwang J, Newton EM, Hsiao J, Shi VY. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor/nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (AHR/NRF2) Signaling: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Atopic Dermatitis. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:485-497. [PMID: 35174548 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)/nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) modulation are emerging as novel targets in the treatment of atopic dermatitis and other inflammatory skin disorders. Agonist activation of this pathway has downstream effects on epidermal barrier function, immunomodulation, oxidative stress reduction, and cutaneous microbiome modulation. Tapinarof, a dual agonist of the AHR/NRF2 signaling pathway, has shown promise in phase 2 trials for atopic dermatitis. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the AHR/NRF2 pathway and implications in skin disease process. We also review the therapeutic potential of current AHR agonists and propose future directions to address knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonwei Hwang
- University of Illinois College of Medicine, 808 S. Wood St. - 380 CME, Chicago, IL, 60612-7307, USA
| | - Edita M Newton
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Dermatology, 4301 West Markham, Slot 576, Little Rock, Arkansas, 72205, USA
| | - Jennifer Hsiao
- University of Southern California, Department of Dermatology, Ezralow Tower, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Suite 5301, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Vivian Y Shi
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Dermatology, 4301 West Markham, Slot 576, Little Rock, Arkansas, 72205, USA
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11
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Santamaria K, Desmots F, Leonard S, Caron G, Haas M, Delaloy C, Chatonnet F, Rossille D, Pignarre A, Monvoisin C, Seffals M, Lamaison C, Cogné M, Tarte K, Fest T. Committed Human CD23-Negative Light-Zone Germinal Center B Cells Delineate Transcriptional Program Supporting Plasma Cell Differentiation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:744573. [PMID: 34925321 PMCID: PMC8674954 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.744573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
B cell affinity maturation occurs in the germinal center (GC). Light-zone (LZ) GC B cells (BGC-cells) interact with follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) and compete for the limited, sequential help from T follicular helper cells needed to escape from apoptosis and complete their differentiation. The highest-affinity LZ BGC-cells enter the cell cycle and differentiate into PCs, following a dramatic epigenetic reorganization that induces transcriptome changes in general and the expression of the PRDM1 gene in particular. Human PC precursors are characterized by the loss of IL-4/STAT6 signaling and the absence of CD23 expression. Here, we studied the fate of human LZ BGC-cells as a function of their CD23 expression. We first showed that CD23 expression was restricted to the GC LZ, where it was primarily expressed by FDCs; less than 10% of tonsil LZ BGC-cells were positive. Sorted LZ BGC-cells left in culture and stimulated upregulated CD23 expression but were unable to differentiate into PCs – in contrast to cells that did not upregulate CD23 expression. An in-depth analysis (including single-cell gene expression) showed that stimulated CD23-negative LZ BGC-cells differentiated into plasmablasts and time course of gene expression changes delineates the transcriptional program that sustains PC differentiation. In particular, we identified a B cell proliferation signature supported by a transient MYC gene expression. Overall, the CD23 marker might be of value in answering questions about the differentiation of normal BGC-cells and allowed us to propose an instructive LZ BGC-cells maturation and fate model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Santamaria
- UMR 1236, University of Rennes 1, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France
| | - Fabienne Desmots
- UMR 1236, University of Rennes 1, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Rennes University Medical Center, Rennes, France
| | - Simon Leonard
- UMR 1236, University of Rennes 1, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France.,LabEx IGO "Immunotherapy, Graft, Oncology", Nantes, France
| | - Gersende Caron
- UMR 1236, University of Rennes 1, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Rennes University Medical Center, Rennes, France
| | - Marion Haas
- UMR 1236, University of Rennes 1, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Rennes University Medical Center, Rennes, France
| | - Céline Delaloy
- UMR 1236, University of Rennes 1, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France
| | - Fabrice Chatonnet
- UMR 1236, University of Rennes 1, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Rennes University Medical Center, Rennes, France
| | - Delphine Rossille
- UMR 1236, University of Rennes 1, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Rennes University Medical Center, Rennes, France
| | - Amandine Pignarre
- UMR 1236, University of Rennes 1, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Rennes University Medical Center, Rennes, France
| | - Céline Monvoisin
- UMR 1236, University of Rennes 1, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France
| | - Marine Seffals
- University of Rennes 1, UMS Biosit, H2P2 Platform, Rennes, France
| | - Claire Lamaison
- UMR 1236, University of Rennes 1, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France
| | - Michel Cogné
- UMR 1236, University of Rennes 1, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Rennes University Medical Center, Rennes, France
| | - Karin Tarte
- UMR 1236, University of Rennes 1, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Rennes University Medical Center, Rennes, France
| | - Thierry Fest
- UMR 1236, University of Rennes 1, INSERM, Établissement Français du Sang Bretagne, Rennes, France.,Pôle de Biologie, Rennes University Medical Center, Rennes, France
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12
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A New Insight into the Potential Role of Tryptophan-Derived AhR Ligands in Skin Physiological and Pathological Processes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031104. [PMID: 33499346 PMCID: PMC7865493 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) plays a crucial role in environmental responses and xenobiotic metabolism, as it controls the transcription profiles of several genes in a ligand-specific and cell-type-specific manner. Various barrier tissues, including skin, display the expression of AhR. Recent studies revealed multiple roles of AhR in skin physiology and disease, including melanogenesis, inflammation and cancer. Tryptophan metabolites are distinguished among the groups of natural and synthetic AhR ligands, and these include kynurenine, kynurenic acid and 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ). Tryptophan derivatives can affect and regulate a variety of signaling pathways. Thus, the interest in how these substances influence physiological and pathological processes in the skin is expanding rapidly. The widespread presence of these substances and potential continuous exposure of the skin to their biological effects indicate the important role of AhR and its ligands in the prevention, pathogenesis and progression of skin diseases. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of AhR in skin physiology. Moreover, we discuss the role of AhR in skin pathological processes, including inflammatory skin diseases, pigmentation disorders and cancer. Finally, the impact of FICZ, kynurenic acid, and kynurenine on physiological and pathological processes in the skin is considered. However, the mechanisms of how AhR regulates skin function require further investigation.
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13
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Furue M. Regulation of Skin Barrier Function via Competition between AHR Axis versus IL-13/IL-4‒JAK‒STAT6/STAT3 Axis: Pathogenic and Therapeutic Implications in Atopic Dermatitis. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E3741. [PMID: 33233866 PMCID: PMC7700181 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by skin inflammation, barrier dysfunction, and chronic pruritus. As the anti-interleukin-4 (IL-4) receptor α antibody dupilumab improves all three cardinal features of AD, the type 2 cytokines IL-4 and especially IL-13 have been indicated to have pathogenic significance in AD. Accumulating evidence has shown that the skin barrier function is regulated via competition between the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) axis (up-regulation of barrier) and the IL-13/IL-4‒JAK‒STAT6/STAT3 axis (down-regulation of barrier). This latter axis also induces oxidative stress, which exacerbates inflammation. Conventional and recently developed agents for treating AD such as steroid, calcineurin inhibitors, cyclosporine, dupilumab, and JAK inhibitors inhibit the IL-13/IL-4‒JAK‒STAT6/STAT3 axis, while older remedies such as coal tar and glyteer are antioxidative AHR agonists. In this article, I summarize the pathogenic and therapeutic implications of the IL-13/IL-4‒JAK‒STAT6/STAT3 axis and the AHR axis in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masutaka Furue
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; ; Tel.: +81-92-642-5581; Fax: +81-92-642-5600
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Nakahara T, Kido‐Nakahara M, Tsuji G, Furue M. Basics and recent advances in the pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis. J Dermatol 2020; 48:130-139. [DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Nakahara
- Department of DermatologyGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu University FukuokaJapan
- Division of Skin Surface Sensing Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University FukuokaJapan
| | - Makiko Kido‐Nakahara
- Department of DermatologyGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu University FukuokaJapan
| | - Gaku Tsuji
- Department of DermatologyGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu University FukuokaJapan
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin Kyushu University Hospital Fukuoka Japan
| | - Masutaka Furue
- Department of DermatologyGraduate School of Medical SciencesKyushu University FukuokaJapan
- Division of Skin Surface Sensing Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University FukuokaJapan
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin Kyushu University Hospital Fukuoka Japan
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15
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Furue M. Regulation of Filaggrin, Loricrin, and Involucrin by IL-4, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-22, AHR, and NRF2: Pathogenic Implications in Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5382. [PMID: 32751111 PMCID: PMC7432778 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an eczematous, pruritic skin disorder with extensive barrier dysfunction and elevated interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 signatures. The barrier dysfunction correlates with the downregulation of barrier-related molecules such as filaggrin (FLG), loricrin (LOR), and involucrin (IVL). IL-4 and IL-13 potently inhibit the expression of these molecules by activating signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)6 and STAT3. In addition to IL-4 and IL-13, IL-22 and IL-17A are probably involved in the barrier dysfunction by inhibiting the expression of these barrier-related molecules. In contrast, natural or medicinal ligands for aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) are potent upregulators of FLG, LOR, and IVL expression. As IL-4, IL-13, IL-22, and IL-17A are all capable of inducing oxidative stress, antioxidative AHR agonists such as coal tar, glyteer, and tapinarof exert particular therapeutic efficacy for AD. These antioxidative AHR ligands are known to activate an antioxidative transcription factor, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2). This article focuses on the mechanisms by which FLG, LOR, and IVL expression is regulated by IL-4, IL-13, IL-22, and IL-17A. The author also summarizes how AHR and NRF2 dual activators exert their beneficial effects in the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masutaka Furue
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; ; Tel.: +81-92-642-5581; Fax: +81-92-642-5600
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Division of Skin Surface Sensing, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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16
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Furue K, Ulzii D, Tanaka Y, Ito T, Tsuji G, Kido‐Nakahara M, Nakahara T, Furue M. Pathogenic implication of epidermal scratch injury in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. J Dermatol 2020; 47:979-988. [DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhisa Furue
- Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Dugarmaa Ulzii
- Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Yuka Tanaka
- Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Takamichi Ito
- Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Gaku Tsuji
- Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin Kyushu University Hospital Fukuoka Japan
| | - Makiko Kido‐Nakahara
- Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakahara
- Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
- Division of Skin Surface Sensing Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
| | - Masutaka Furue
- Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin Kyushu University Hospital Fukuoka Japan
- Division of Skin Surface Sensing Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medical Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan
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17
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Furue M, Nakahara T. Revival of AHR Agonist for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis: Tapinarof. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN ALLERGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40521-020-00259-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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18
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Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation Downregulates IL-33 Expression in Keratinocytes via Ovo-Like 1. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030891. [PMID: 32214018 PMCID: PMC7141508 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: IL-33, one of the IL-1 superfamily cytokines, has been shown to be associated with pruritus and inflammation in atopic dermatitis (AD). Furthermore, IL-33 production derived from keratinocytes reportedly has a crucial role in the development of AD; however, the mechanism of IL-33 expression has not been fully understood. Methods: We analyzed IL-33 expression in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) treated with IL-4. Results: IL-4 induced the upregulation of IL-33 expression in NHEKs. Based on the findings 1) that ovo-like 1 (OVOL1), a susceptible gene of AD, upregulates filaggrin (FLG) and loricrin (LOR) expression in NHEKs and 2) that reduced expression of FLG and LOR leads to production of IL-1 superfamily cytokines, we examined the involvement of OVOL1 in IL-33 expression in NHEKs. Knockdown of OVOL1 induced upregulation of IL-33 expression. Moreover, because Glyteer, an activator of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), reportedly upregulates OVOL1 expression, we examined whether treatment with Glyteer inhibited IL-33 expression in NHEKs. Treatment with Glyteer inhibited IL-4-induced upregulation of IL-33 expression, which was canceled by knockdown of either AHR or OVOL1. Conclusions: Activation of the AHR-OVOL1 axis inhibits IL-4-induced IL-33 expression, which could be beneficial for the treatment of AD.
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Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215424. [PMID: 31683543 PMCID: PMC6862295 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)/AHR-nuclear translocator (ARNT) system is a sensitive sensor for small molecular, xenobiotic chemicals of exogenous and endogenous origin, including dioxins, phytochemicals, microbial bioproducts, and tryptophan photoproducts. AHR/ARNT are abundantly expressed in the skin. Once activated, the AHR/ARNT axis strengthens skin barrier functions and accelerates epidermal terminal differentiation by upregulating filaggrin expression. In addition, AHR activation induces oxidative stress. However, some AHR ligands simultaneously activate the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (NRF2) transcription factor, which is a master switch of antioxidative enzymes that neutralizes oxidative stress. The immunoregulatory system governing T-helper 17/22 (Th17/22) and T regulatory cells (Treg) is also regulated by the AHR system. Notably, AHR agonists, such as tapinarof, are currently used as therapeutic agents in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. In this review, we summarize recent topics on AHR related to atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.
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20
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Furue M. Useful components in the stratum corneum for assessment of atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 2019; 180:457-458. [PMID: 30821382 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Furue
- Department of Dermatology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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21
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Miake S, Tsuji G, Takemura M, Hashimoto-Hachiya A, Vu YH, Furue M, Nakahara T. IL-4 Augments IL-31/IL-31 Receptor Alpha Interaction Leading to Enhanced Ccl 17 and Ccl 22 Production in Dendritic Cells: Implications for Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20164053. [PMID: 31434203 PMCID: PMC6719908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20164053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe pruritus is a characteristic feature of atopic dermatitis (AD) and is closely related to its activity. Recent studies have shown that IL-31 is a key determinant of pruritus in AD. Anti-IL-31 receptor alpha (IL-31RA) antibody treatment has also been reported to improve pruritus clinically, subsequently contributing to the attenuation of AD disease activity. Therefore, IL-31 has been thought to be an important cytokine for regulating pruritus and AD disease activity; however, how IL-31 is involved in the immune response in AD has remained largely unknown. Epidermal Langerhans cells (LCs) and dermal dendritic cells (DCs) derived from bone marrow cells have been reported to play a critical role in AD pathogenesis. LCs and DCs produce Ccl 17 and Ccl 22, which chemoattract Th2 cells, leading to AD development. Therefore, we aimed to clarify how IL-31/IL-31RA interaction affects Ccl 17 and Ccl 22 production. To test this, we analyzed murine bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) stimulated with IL-4, an important cytokine in AD development. We found that IL-31RA expression was upregulated by IL-4 stimulation in a dose-dependent manner in BMDCs. Furthermore, IL-31 upregulates Ccl 17 and Ccl 22 production in the presence of IL-4, whereas IL-31 stimulation alone did not produce Ccl 17 and Ccl 22. These findings suggest that IL-4 mediates IL-31RA expression and IL-31/IL-31RA interaction augments Ccl 17 and Ccl 22 production in BMDCs, which promotes Th2-deviated immune response in AD. Since we previously reported that soybean tar Glyteer, an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) ligand, impairs IL-4/Stat 6 signaling in BMDCs, we examined whether Glyteer affects IL-31RA expression induced by IL-4 stimulation. Glyteer inhibited upregulation of IL-31RA expression induced by IL-4 stimulation in a dose-dependent manner. Glyteer also inhibited Ccl 17 and Ccl 22 production induced by IL-4 and IL-31 stimulation. Taken together, these findings suggest that Glyteer treatment may improve AD disease activity by impairing IL-31/IL-31RA interaction in DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Miake
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Gaku Tsuji
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Masaki Takemura
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Akiko Hashimoto-Hachiya
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yen Hai Vu
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masutaka Furue
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Division of Skin Surface Sensing, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakahara
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Division of Skin Surface Sensing, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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22
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Atopic Dermatitis and Type 2 Immune Deviation. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN ALLERGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40521-019-00219-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Franchini AM, Myers JR, Jin GB, Shepherd DM, Lawrence BP. Genome-Wide Transcriptional Analysis Reveals Novel AhR Targets That Regulate Dendritic Cell Function during Influenza A Virus Infection. Immunohorizons 2019; 3:219-235. [PMID: 31356168 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.1900004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the ligand inducible aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) during primary influenza A virus infection diminishes host responses by negatively regulating the ability of dendritic cells (DC) to prime naive CD8+ T cells, which reduces the generation of CTL. However, AhR-regulated genes and signaling pathways in DCs are not fully known. In this study, we used unbiased gene expression profiling to identify differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways in DCs that are modulated by AhR activation in vivo. Using the prototype AhR agonist TCDD, we identified the lectin receptor Cd209a (DC-SIGN) and chemokine Ccl17 as novel AhR target genes. We further show the percentage of DCs expressing CD209a on their surface was significantly decreased by AhR activation during infection. Whereas influenza A virus infection increased CCL17 protein levels in the lung and lung-draining lymph nodes, this was significantly reduced following AhR activation. Targeted excision of AhR in the hematopoietic compartment confirmed AhR is required for downregulation of CCL17 and CD209a. Loss of AhR's functional DNA-binding domain demonstrates that AhR activation alone is necessary but not sufficient to drive downregulation. AhR activation induced similar changes in gene expression in human monocyte-derived DCs. Analysis of the murine and human upstream regulatory regions of Cd209a and Ccl17 revealed a suite of potential transcription factor partners for AhR, which may coregulate these genes in vivo. This study highlights the breadth of AhR-regulated pathways within DCs, and that AhR likely interacts with other transcription factors to modulate DC functions during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony M Franchini
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Jason R Myers
- Genomics Research Center, James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - Guang-Bi Jin
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642
| | - David M Shepherd
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812; and.,Center for Translational Medicine, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812
| | - B Paige Lawrence
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642;
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24
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Kumar S, Jeong Y, Ashraf MU, Bae YS. Dendritic Cell-Mediated Th2 Immunity and Immune Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092159. [PMID: 31052382 PMCID: PMC6539046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the professional antigen-presenting cells that recognize and present antigens to naïve T cells to induce antigen-specific adaptive immunity. Among the T-cell subsets, T helper type 2 (Th2) cells produce the humoral immune responses required for protection against helminthic disease by activating B cells. DCs induce a Th2 immune response at a certain immune environment. Basophil, eosinophil, mast cells, and type 2 innate lymphoid cells also induce Th2 immunity. However, in the case of DCs, controversy remains regarding which subsets of DCs induce Th2 immunity, which genes in DCs are directly or indirectly involved in inducing Th2 immunity, and the detailed mechanisms underlying induction, regulation, or maintenance of the DC-mediated Th2 immunity against allergic environments and parasite infection. A recent study has shown that a genetic defect in DCs causes an enhanced Th2 immunity leading to severe atopic dermatitis. We summarize the Th2 immune-inducing DC subsets, the genetic and environmental factors involved in DC-mediated Th2 immunity, and current therapeutic approaches for Th2-mediated immune disorders. This review is to provide an improved understanding of DC-mediated Th2 immunity and Th1/Th2 immune balancing, leading to control over their adverse consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-Lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
| | - Yideul Jeong
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-Lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
| | - Muhammad Umer Ashraf
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-Lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
| | - Yong-Soo Bae
- Science Research Center (SRC) for Immune Research on Non-Lymphoid Organ (CIRNO), Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do 16419, Korea.
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25
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Nakamura T, Ushigome H. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells as a Regulator of Immunity in Organ Transplantation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082357. [PMID: 30103447 PMCID: PMC6121658 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of allo-immune responses is proposed as a topic for investigation in the current field of organ transplantation. As a regulator, regulatory T cells (Tregs) have received attention due to their ability to control allograft rejection. Concurrently, however, the independent action of Tregs is not enough to achieve tolerance status in many situations. Meanwhile, as a multi-functional regulator, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) can suppress effector T cells as well as induce Tregs or regulatory B cells (Bregs) in certain circumstances. Furthermore, the importance of a crosstalk between MDSCs and natural killer T cells to induce tolerance has been reported. Thus, orchestration between MDSCs, myeloid regulators, T/Bregs and other lymphoid/myeloid regulators can shed light on achieving allogeneic tolerance. Here, we review the current knowledge in terms of immunological regulatory function displayed by MDSCs in the context of organ transplantation. Ideal control of MDSCs would lead to a reduction of allograft rejection and subsequent long-term allograft acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsukasa Nakamura
- Department of Organ Transplantation and General Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Hidetaka Ushigome
- Department of Organ Transplantation and General Surgery, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
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26
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Furue M. T helper type 2 signatures in atopic dermatitis. JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS IMMUNOLOGY AND ALLERGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cia2.12023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Masutaka Furue
- Department of Dermatology; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
- Division of Skin Surface Sensing; Department of Dermatology; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
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27
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Furue M, Uchi H, Mitoma C, Hashimoto-Hachiya A, Tanaka Y, Ito T, Tsuji G. Implications of tryptophan photoproduct FICZ in oxidative stress and terminal differentiation of keratinocytes. GIORN ITAL DERMAT V 2018; 154:37-41. [PMID: 30035475 DOI: 10.23736/s0392-0488.18.06132-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation activates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mediates photocarcinogenesis and photoaging. 6-Formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ) is a tryptophan photoproduct generated by UVB exposure. FICZ exhibits similar biological effects to UVB, including AHR ligation and ROS production. FICZ also acts as a potent photosensitizer for UVA and the production of ROS is synergistically augmented in the simultaneous presence of FICZ and UVA. In contrast, FICZ upregulates the expression of terminal differentiation molecules such as filaggrin and loricrin via AHR. In parallel with this, the administration of FICZ inhibits skin inflammation in a murine psoriasis and dermatitis model. In this article, we summarize the harmful and beneficial aspects of FICZ in skin pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masutaka Furue
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan - .,Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan - .,Division of Skin Surface Sensing, Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan -
| | - Hiroshi Uchi
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chikage Mitoma
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akiko Hashimoto-Hachiya
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.,Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuka Tanaka
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takamichi Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Gaku Tsuji
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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