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Bahia W, Soltani I, Abidi A, Mahdhi A, Mastouri M, Ferchichi S, Almawi WY. Structural impact, ligand-protein interactions, and molecular phenotypic effects of TGF-β1 gene variants: In silico analysis with implications for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Gene 2024; 922:148565. [PMID: 38762014 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial lung disease resulting in progressively deteriorating lung function. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) belongs to the TGF superfamily and exerts a profibrotic role in promoting lung fibrosis by facilitating fibroblast infiltration and activity, extracellular matrix deposition, and inhibition of collagen breakdown, thus promoting tissue remodelling and IPF. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the link between pathogenic TGF-β1 SNPs and IPF pathogenesis and the structure-activity functional consequences of those SNPs on the TGF-β1 protein. Several computational algorithms were merged to address the functional consequences of TGF-β1 gene mutations to protein stability, putative post-translational modification sites, ligand-protein interactions, and molecular phenotypic effects. These included FATHMM, POLYPHEN2, PROVEAN, and SIFT tools (identifying deleterious nsSNPs in the TGF-β1 gene), along with Pmut, PhD-SNP, SNAP, MutPred and the related TMHMM, MARCOIL, and DisProt algorithms (predicting structural disorders). INPS-MD was also used to evaluate the mutation-induced TGF-β1 protein's stability and MODPRED for recognition of post-translational TGF-β1 modification. RESULTS In total, 14 major pathogenic variants markedly impact the destabilization of the TGF-β1 protein, with most of these high-risk mutations associated with decreased stability of the TGF-β1 protein as per the I-Mutant, MUpro, and INPS-MD tools. R205W, R185W, R180Q, D86Y, and I300T variants were proposed to participate in the post-translational modifications, thus affecting affect protein-ligand interactions. Furthermore, at-risk genetic variants appear to target conserved regions in the alpha helices, random coils, and extracellular loops, resulting in a varied composition of amino acids, charge, hydrophobicity, and spatial architecture. CONCLUSIONS This study manuscript comprehensively analyzes gene variants within the TGF-β1 gene, offering novel insights into their structural and functional implications in interacting with target sites. This study is significant for the development of targeted therapeutic strategies and personalized treatment approaches for patients with inflammatory lung diseases such as IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Bahia
- Research Unit of Clinical and Molecular Biology (UR17ES29), Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ismael Soltani
- Research Unit of Clinical and Molecular Biology (UR17ES29), Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Anouar Abidi
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, la Rabta, 1007, Tunis, Tunisia; Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bioresources, High Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Abdelkarim Mahdhi
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Maha Mastouri
- Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biological Agents, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Salima Ferchichi
- Research Unit of Clinical and Molecular Biology (UR17ES29), Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Wassim Y Almawi
- Faculty of Sciences, El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia; Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.
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Shi Z, Zhou M, Zhai J, Sun J, Wang X. Novel therapeutic strategies and drugs for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024:e2400192. [PMID: 38961537 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial lung disease of unknown etiology. Currently, drugs used to treat IPF in clinical practice exhibit severe side effects and limitations. To address these issues, this paper discusses the therapeutic effects of preclinical targeted drugs (such as STAT3 and TGF-β/Smad pathway inhibitors, chitinase inhibitors, PI3K and phosphodiesterase inhibitors, etc.) and natural products on IPF. Through a summary of current research progress, it is found that natural products possess multitarget effects, stable therapeutic efficacy, low side effects, and nondrug dependence. Furthermore, we discuss the significant prospects of natural product molecules in combating fibrosis by influencing the immune system, expecting that current analytical data will aid in the development of new drugs or the investigation of active ingredients in natural products for potential IPF treatments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zezhou Shi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, China
| | - Min Zhou
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, China
| | - Jingfang Zhai
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, China
| | - Jie Sun
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drugs (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Ji'nan, China
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Cao S, Yin H, Li X, Zeng X, Liu J. Nickel induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition in pulmonary fibrosis in mice via activation of the oxidative stress-mediated TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:3597-3611. [PMID: 38488660 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Nickel (Ni) is recognized as a carcinogenic metal, and its widespread use has led to severe environmental and health problems. Although the lung is among the main organs affected by Ni, the precise mechanisms behind this effect remain poorly understood. This study aimed to elucidate the physiological mechanisms underlying Ni-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF), using various techniques including histopathological detection, biochemical analysis, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and quantitative real-time PCR. Mice were treated with nickel chloride (NiCl2), which induced PF (detected by Masson staining), up-regulation of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and collagen-1 mRNA and protein expression. NiCl2 was found to induce PF by: activation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad signaling pathway; up-regulation of protein and mRNA expression of TGF-β1, p-Smad2, p-Smad3, vimentin, and N-cadherin; and down-regulation of protein and mRNA expression of E-cadherin. In addition, NiCl2 treatment increased malondialdehyde content while inhibiting antioxidant activity, as indicated by decreased catalase, total antioxidant capacity, and superoxide dismutase activities, and glutathione content. Co-treatment with the effective antioxidant and free radical scavenger N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) plus NiCl2 was used to study the effects of oxidative stress in NiCl2-induced PF. The addition of NAC significantly mitigated NiCl2-induced PF, and reversed activation of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway and EMT. NiCl2-induced PF was therefore shown to be due to EMT activation via the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway, mediated by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanchuan Cao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
- Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Heng Yin
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Xinglai Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
| | - Jingbo Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, China
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Tang XL, Sun YB, Guo XT, Yang SZ, Zhang WP. Prognostic impact of interstitial lung abnormalities in lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1397246. [PMID: 38800393 PMCID: PMC11116699 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1397246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Newly identified as a radiological concept, interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) is emerging as a prognostic factor for lung cancer. Yet, debates persist regarding the prognostic significance of ILA in lung cancer. Our inaugural meta-analysis aimed to investigate the correlation between ILA and lung cancer outcomes, offering additional insights for clinicians in predicting patient prognosis. Methods Articles meeting the criteria were found through PubMed, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science by February 29, 2024. The outcomes evaluated were the survival rates such as overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Results A total of 12 articles with 4416 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that lung cancer patients with interstitial lung abnormalities had an inferior OS (n=11; HR=2.22; 95% CI=1.68-2.95; P<0.001; I2 = 72.0%; Ph<0.001), PFS (n=3; HR=1.59; 95% CI=1.08-2.32; P=0.017; I2 = 0%; Ph=0.772), and CSS (n=2; HR=4.00; 95% CI=1.94-8.25; P<0.001; I2 = 0%; Ph=0.594) than those without, however, the ILA was not significantly associated with the DFS (n=2; HR=2.07; 95% CI=0.94-7.02; P=0.066; I2 = 90.4%; Ph=0.001). Moreover, lung cancer patients with ILA were significantly correlated with male (OR=2.43; 95% CI=1.48-3.98; P<0.001), smoking history (OR=2.11; 95% CI=1.37-3.25; P<0.001), advanced age (OR=2.50; 95% CI=1.56-4.03; P<0.001), squamous carcinoma (OR=0.42; 95% CI=0.24-0.71; P=0.01), and EGFR mutation (OR=0.50; 95% CI=0.32-0.78; P=0.002). The correlation between ILA and race, stage, ALK, however, was not significant. Conclusion ILA was a availability factors of prognosis in patients with lung cancers. These findings highlight the importance of early pulmonary fibrosis, namely ILA for prognosis in patients with lung cancer, and provide a partial rationale for future clinical work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Liang Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Yin-Bo Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Sheng-Zhao Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
| | - Wen-Ping Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
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Wu J, Chen Y, Zhang J, Cheng J, Chen Y, Wu T, Zhang M. Inhibition of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in SD rats by sea cucumber peptides. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:2876-2887. [PMID: 38018265 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is the terminal manifestation of a type of pulmonary disease, which seriously affects the respiratory function of the body, and with no effective cure for treatment. This study evaluated the effect of sea cucumber peptides (SCP) on bleomycin-induced SD rat PF. RESULTS SCP can inhibit the PF induced by bleomycin. PF and SCP did not affect the food intake of rats, but PF reduced the body weight of rats, and SCP could improve the weight loss. SCP reduced lung index in PF rats in a dose-dependent manner. SCP significantly reduced IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, α-SMA and VIM expression levels in lung tissue (P < 0.05), significantly decreased TGF-β1 expression level in serum (P < 0.01) and the LSCP group and MSCP group had better inhibitory effects on PF than the HSCP group. Histomorphological results showed that SCP could ameliorate the structural damage of lung tissue, alveolar wall rupture, inflammatory cell infiltration, fibroblast proliferation and deposition of intercellular matrix and collagen fibers caused by PF. The improvement effect of the MSCP group was the most noteworthy in histomorphology. Metabolomics results showed that SCP significantly downregulated catechol, N-acetyl-l-histidine, acetylcarnitine, stearoylcarnitine, d-mannose, l-threonine, l-alanine, glycine, 3-guanidinopropionic acid, prostaglandin D2 and embelic acid d-(-)-β-hydroxybutyric acid expression levels in lung tissue. CONCLUSION SCP ameliorate bleomycin-induced SD rat PF. KEGG pathway analysis proved that SCP intervened in PF mainly via the lysosome pathway, with d-mannose as the key factor. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yijun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinxuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinghuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongde Chen
- Research Center for Promoting Optimal Health through Nutritional Intervention, Bestlife Biological Technology Co. Ltd, Tangshan, China
| | - Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Agricultural University, and China-Russia Agricultural Processing Joint Laboratory, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China
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Ji Z, Deng W, Chen D, Liu Z, Shen Y, Dai J, Zhou H, Zhang M, Xu H, Dai B. Recent understanding of the mechanisms of the biological activities of hesperidin and hesperetin and their therapeutic effects on diseases. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26862. [PMID: 38486739 PMCID: PMC10937595 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are natural phytochemicals that have therapeutic effects and act in the prevention of several pathologies. These phytochemicals can be found in lemon, sweet orange, bitter orange, clementine. Hesperidin and hesperetin are citrus flavonoids from the flavanones subclass that have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor and antibacterial potential. Preclinical studies and clinical trials demonstrated therapeutical effects of hesperidin and its aglycone hesperetin in various diseases, such as bone diseases, cardiovascular diseases, neurological diseases, respiratory diseases, digestive diseases, urinary tract diseases. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the biological activities of hesperidin and hesperetin, their therapeutic potential in various diseases and their associated molecular mechanisms. This article also discusses future considerations for the clinical applications of hesperidin and hesperetin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dong Chen
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| | - Zhidong Liu
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| | - Yucheng Shen
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| | - Jiuming Dai
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| | - Hai Zhou
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| | - Hucheng Xu
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
| | - Bin Dai
- Binhai County People's Hospital, No.148, Middle Fudong Road, Dongkan Town, Binhai County, Yancheng City, 224500, China
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Guo F, Xu F, Li S, Zhang Y, Lv D, Zheng L, Gan Y, Zhou M, Zhao K, Xu S, Wu B, Deng Z, Fu P. Amifostine ameliorates bleomycin-induced murine pulmonary fibrosis via NAD +/SIRT1/AMPK pathway-mediated effects on mitochondrial function and cellular metabolism. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:68. [PMID: 38245795 PMCID: PMC10799491 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01623-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating chronic lung disease characterized by irreversible scarring of the lung parenchyma. Despite various interventions aimed at mitigating several different molecular aspects of the disease, only two drugs with limited clinical efficacy have so far been approved for IPF therapy. OBJECTIVE We investigated the therapeutic efficacy of amifostine, a detoxifying drug clinically used for radiation-caused cytotoxicity, in bleomycin-induced murine pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS C57BL6/J mice were intratracheally instilled with 3 U/kg of bleomycin. Three doses of amifostine (WR-2721, 200 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally on days 1, 3, and 5 after the bleomycin challenge. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected on day 7 and day 21 for the assessment of lung inflammation, metabolites, and fibrotic injury. Human fibroblasts were treated in vitro with transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), followed by amifostine (WR-1065, 1-4 µg/mL) treatment. The effects of TGF-β1 and amifostine on the mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed by live cell imaging of MitoSOX. Cellular metabolism was assessed by the extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), the oxygen consumption rate (OCR), and the concentrations of various energy-related metabolites as measured by mass spectrum (MS). Western blot analysis was performed to investigate the effect of amifostine on sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and adenosine monophosphate activated kinase (AMPK). RESULTS Three doses of amifostine significantly attenuated lung inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis. Pretreatment and post-treatment of human fibroblast cells with amifostine blocked TGF-β1-induced mitochondrial ROS production and mitochondrial dysfunction in human fibroblast cells. Further, treatment of fibroblasts with TGF-β1 shifted energy metabolism away from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and towards glycolysis, as observed by an altered metabolite profile including a decreased ratio of NAD + /NADH and increased lactate concentration. Treatment with amifostine significantly restored energy metabolism and activated SIRT1, which in turn activated AMPK. The activation of AMPK was required to mediate the effects of amifostine on mitochondrial homeostasis and pulmonary fibrosis. This study provides evidence that repurposing of the clinically used drug amifostine may have therapeutic applications for IPF treatment. CONCLUSION Amifostine inhibits bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by restoring mitochondrial function and cellular metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Guo
- Department of Biochemistry, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315041, China
- Central Laboratory of the Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Central Laboratory of the Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shujuan Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315041, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315041, China
| | - Dan Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315041, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yongxiong Gan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Miao Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315041, China
| | - Keyu Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shuling Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, South China Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zaichun Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315041, China.
| | - Panfeng Fu
- Department of Biochemistry, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315041, China.
- Central Laboratory of the Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
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Li X, Bai Z, Li Z, Wang J, Yan X. Toosendanin Restrains Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis by Inhibiting ZEB1/CTBP1 Interaction. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:123-133. [PMID: 37138491 PMCID: PMC10804237 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230501205149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is due to hyperactivation and proliferation of pulmonary fibroblasts. However, the exact mechanism is not clear. OBJECTIVE This study focused on the role of CTBP1 in lung fibroblast function, elaborated its regulation mechanism, and analyzed the relationship between CTBP1 and ZEB1. Meanwhile, the antipulmonary fibrosis effect and its molecular mechanism of Toosendanin were studied. METHODS Human IPF fibroblast cell lines (LL-97A and LL-29) and normal fibroblast cell lines (LL-24) were cultured in vitro. The cells were stimulated with FCS, PDGF-BB, IGF-1, and TGF-β1, respectively. BrdU detected cell proliferation. The mRNA expression of CTBP1 and ZEB1 was detected by QRT-PCR. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of COL1A1, COL3A1, LN, FN, and α-SMA proteins. An animal model of pulmonary fibrosis was established to analyze the effects of CTBP1 silencing on pulmonary fibrosis and lung function in mice. RESULTS CTBP1 was up-regulated in IPF lung fibroblasts. Silencing CTBP1 inhibits growth factor-driven proliferation and activation of lung fibroblasts. Overexpression of CTBP1 promotes growth factor-driven proliferation and activation of lung fibroblasts. Silencing CTBP1 reduced the degree of pulmonary fibrosis in mice with pulmonary fibrosis. Western blot, CO-IP, and BrdU assays confirmed that CTBP1 interacts with ZEB1 and promotes the activation of lung fibroblasts. Toosendanin can inhibit the ZEB1/CTBP1protein interaction and further inhibit the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. CONCLUSION CTBP1 can promote the activation and proliferation of lung fibroblasts through ZEB1. CTBP1 promotes lung fibroblast activation through ZEB1, thereby increasing excessive deposition of ECM and aggravating IPF. Toosendanin may be a potential treatment for pulmonary fibrosis. The results of this study provide a new basis for clarifying the molecular mechanism of pulmonary fibrosis and developing new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingbin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050005, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050041,China
| | - Zina Bai
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050041,China
| | - Zhensheng Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050041,China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hebei Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050041,China
| | - Xixin Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050005, China
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Zhou J, Jiang Y. Meta-analysis: clinical features and treatments of lung cancer in combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. SARCOIDOSIS, VASCULITIS, AND DIFFUSE LUNG DISEASES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF WASOG 2023; 40:e2023045. [PMID: 38126502 DOI: 10.36141/svdld.v40i4.14433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM There are many epidemiological pieces of evidence that show combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) patients have an increased risk of lung cancer. We conducted a systematic review of all published data to define the characteristics and treatments of lung cancer that develops in CPFE by performing a meta-analysis. METHODS Databases(including PubMed, Medline, CNKI, VIP, etc.) were searched to find original articles that related to lung cancer in CPFE(CPFE-LC) patients and a meta-analysis was used to analyze the included 15 articles. Stata17.0 software was performed for this meta-analysis. RESULTS Fifteen original studies that assessed 5933 patients were included in this meta-analysis. In the pooled data, people with CPFE-LC were elderly(70.58 years) and heavy smokers( 0.959, 45.793 pack-years), with a male predominance(0.959). Most lung cancer in CPFE was located in the lower lobe(0.533) and obvious areas of pulmonary fibrosis(0.516). Highest prevalence of cellular subtypes of lung cancer in CPFE was squamous carcinoma(SQCC, 0.437) and chemotherapy was the main treatment(0.387). The mortality rate was 0.720(95%CI: 0.657-0.783) and the 5-year survival rate was 0.250(95%CI: 0.133-0.368). The main cause of death was infection(0.268) and respiratory failure was the main cause of death after surgery(0.392). CONCLUSIONS Lung cancer in CPFE, most commonly SQCC, presents in elderly heavy smokers with a male, located in the lower lobe of the lung and the areas of fibrosis predominance. Chemotherapy is the main treatment and the optimal treatment remains to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Zhou
- The University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Kim BG, Lee PH, Hong J, Jang AS. Analyzing the Impact of Diesel Exhaust Particles on Lung Fibrosis Using Dual PCR Array and Proteomics: YWHAZ Signaling. TOXICS 2023; 11:859. [PMID: 37888708 PMCID: PMC10611312 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11100859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Air pollutants are associated with exacerbations of asthma, chronic bronchitis, and airway inflammation. Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) can induce and worsen lung diseases. However, there are insufficient data to guide polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array proteomics studies regarding the impacts of DEPs on respiratory diseases. This study was performed to identify genes and proteins expressed in normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and proteins expressed in NHBE cells exposed to DEPs at 1 μg/cm2 for 8 h and 24 h were identified using PCR array analysis and 2D PAGE/LC-MS/MS, respectively. YWHAZ gene expression was estimated using PCR, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemical analyses. Genes discovered through an overlap analysis were validated in DEP-exposed mice. Proteomics approaches showed that exposing NHBE cells to DEPs led to changes in 32 protein spots. A transcriptomics PCR array analysis showed that 6 of 84 miRNAs were downregulated in the DEP exposure groups compared to controls. The mRNA and protein expression levels of YWHAZ, β-catenin, vimentin, and TGF-β were increased in DEP-treated NHBE cells and DEP-exposed mice. Lung fibrosis was increased in mice exposed to DEPs. Our combined PCR array-omics analysis demonstrated that DEPs can induce airway inflammation and lead to lung fibrosis through changes in the expression levels of YWHAZ, β-catenin, vimentin, and TGF-β. These findings suggest that dual approaches can help to identify biomarkers and therapeutic targets involved in pollutant-related respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - An-Soo Jang
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea; (B.-G.K.)
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11
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Gobbo F, Zingariello M, Verachi P, Falchi M, Arciprete F, Martelli F, Peli A, Mazzarini M, Vierstra J, Mead-Harvey C, Dueck AC, Sarli G, Nava S, Sgalla G, Richeldi L, Migliaccio AR. GATA1-defective immune-megakaryocytes as possible drivers of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.20.542249. [PMID: 37425686 PMCID: PMC10327123 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.20.542249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive fibrotic lung disorder with limited therapeutic options. Insufficient understanding of driver mutations and poor fidelity of currently available animal models has limited the development of effective therapies. Since GATA1 deficient megakaryocytes sustain myelofibrosis, we hypothesized that they may also induce fibrosis in lungs. We discovered that lungs from IPF patients and Gata1low mice contain numerous GATA1negative immune-poised megakaryocytes that, in mice, have defective RNA-seq profiling and increased TGF-β1, CXCL1 and P-selectin content. With age, Gata1low mice develop fibrosis in lungs. Development of lung fibrosis in this model is prevented by P-selectin deletion and rescued by P-selectin, TGF-β1 or CXCL1 inhibition. Mechanistically, P-selectin inhibition decreases TGF-β1 and CXCL1 content and increases GATA1positive megakaryocytes while TGF-β1 or CXCL1 inhibition decreased CXCL1 only. In conclusion, Gata1low mice are a novel genetic-driven model for IPF and provide a link between abnormal immune-megakaryocytes and lung fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gobbo
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia (Bologna) 40064, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Zingariello
- Unit of Microscopic and Ultrastructural Anatomy, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - Paola Verachi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mario Falchi
- National Center HIV/AIDS Research, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Francesca Arciprete
- Unit of Microscopic and Ultrastructural Anatomy, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Martelli
- National Center for Preclinical and Clinical Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Drugs, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Angelo Peli
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Rimini Campus, Rimini 47921, Italy
| | - Maria Mazzarini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Altius Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Seattle, WA 98121, USA
| | - Jeff Vierstra
- Altius Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Seattle, WA 98121, USA
| | - Carolyn Mead-Harvey
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Amylou C. Dueck
- Mayo Clinic, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA
| | - Giuseppe Sarli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia (Bologna) 40064, Italy
| | - Stefano Nava
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Respiratory and Critical Care Unit, Bologna 40138, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna 40138, Italy
| | - Giacomo Sgalla
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Luca Richeldi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma 00168, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Migliaccio
- Unit of Microscopic and Ultrastructural Anatomy, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome 00128, Italy
- Altius Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Seattle, WA 98121, USA
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12
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Oey O, Sunjaya AF, Khan Y, Redfern A. Stromal inflammation, fibrosis and cancer: An old intuition with promising potential. World J Clin Oncol 2023; 14:230-246. [PMID: 37583950 PMCID: PMC10424089 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v14.i7.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/19/2023] Open
Abstract
It is now well established that the biology of cancer is influenced by not only malignant cells but also other components of the tumour microenvironment. Chronic inflammation and fibrosis have long been postulated to be involved in carcinogenesis. Chronic inflammation can promote tumorigenesis via growth factor/cytokine-mediated cellular proliferation, apoptotic resistance, immunosuppression; and free-radical-induced oxidative deoxyribonucleic acid damage. Fibrosis could cause a perturbation in the dynamics of the tumour microenvironment, potentially damaging the genome surveillance machinery of normal epithelial cells. In this review, we will provide an in-depth discussion of various diseases characterised by inflammation and fibrosis that have been associated with an increased risk of malignancy. In particular, we will present a comprehensive overview of the impact of alterations in stromal composition on tumorigenesis, induced as a consequence of inflammation and/or fibrosis. Strategies including the application of various therapeutic agents with stromal manipulation potential and targeted cancer screening for certain inflammatory diseases which can reduce the risk of cancer will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Oey
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth 6009, Crawley NA, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Charles Gardner Hospital, Nedlands 6009, Australia
| | - Angela Felicia Sunjaya
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London WC1E 6DD, United Kingdom
| | - Yasir Khan
- Department of Medical Oncology, St John of God Midland Public and Private Hospital, Midland 6056, WA, Australia
| | - Andrew Redfern
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch 6150, WA, Australia
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13
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Zhang H, Yue J, Hou X, Lu H, Bikdeli A, Guo H, Li H, Li D. Rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease combined with pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in a patient with single anti-TIF-1γ antibody positive dermatomyositis in the context of an underlying tumor. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:248. [PMID: 37415133 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02542-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a frequently observed comorbidity in autoimmune diseases such as dermatomyositis/polymyositis (DM/PM), and it is significantly associated with specific autoantibody types. One unique antibody type is the anti-transcription intermediate factor-1γ antibody (anti-TIF-1γ Ab), which has a positive rate of only 7%. It is often found in combination with malignancy and rarely with ILD, particularly rapidly progressive ILD (RPILD). In some cases, the presence of ILD in individuals with DM may indicate a paraneoplastic syndrome. Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP) typically occurs due to intensive immunosuppressive therapy, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, or malignancy, and rarely as an isolated condition. CASE PRESENTATION A 52-year-old man with a history of rapid weight loss but non-HIV infected and not immunosuppressed who presented with fever, cough, dyspnea, weakness of the extremities, characteristic rash and mechanic's hand. Pathogenic tests suggested PJP, laboratory tests suggested a single anti-TIF-1γ Ab positive DM, imaging suggested ILD, and pathology revealed no malignancy. RPILD and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) developed after anti-infection and steroid hormone therapy. After mechanical support therapy such as Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO), the patient developed late-onset cytomegalovirus pneumonia (CMVP), complicated bacterial infection, and ultimately death. Additionally, we discuss the potential causes of rapid weight loss, the mechanisms by which anti-TIF-1γ Ab may lead to ILD, and the possible connection between anti-TIF-1γ Ab positivity, rapid weight loss, immune abnormalities, and opportunistic infections. CONCLUSIONS This case emphasizes the importance of early recognition of malignant tumors and pulmonary lesions, assessment of the body's immune status, prompt initiation of immunosuppressive treatment, and prevention of opportunistic infections in individuals with single anti-TIF-1γ Ab positive DM presenting with rapid weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengzhe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jinfeng Yue
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaohui Hou
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Hongjun Lu
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine of Rizhao Hospital, Rizhao, 276800, Shandong, China
| | - Arezou Bikdeli
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Haipeng Guo
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Daqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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14
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Tseng SC, Gagne S, Hatabu H, Lin G, Sholl L, Nishino M. Lung Cancer in Lung Transplant Recipients: Clinical, Radiologic, and Pathologic Characteristics and Treatment Outcome. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2023; 47:590-597. [PMID: 36944140 PMCID: PMC10363202 DOI: 10.1097/rct.0000000000001466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate clinical and radiologic characteristics of lung cancer in lung transplant recipients and evaluate the treatment course and prognosis. METHODS The study included 448 patients who underwent lung transplant between 2005 and 2021. All patients had pretransplant chest computed tomography (CT), 429 patients had posttransplant CT, whereas 19 had no posttransplant CT (median number of posttransplant CT, 6; range, 0-24). Medical records of these patients were reviewed to identify patients who developed lung cancer after lung transplant. Computed tomography and positron emission tomography/CT at the time of lung cancer diagnoses were reviewed to obtain imaging features. Demographics, tumor histology, stages, and survival were compared using Fisher exact test and Wilcoxon rank sum test. RESULTS Among 448 lung transplant recipients with a median follow-up of 71.3 months after lung transplant, 15 patients (3.3%) developed posttransplant lung cancer (13 unilateral, 2 bilateral; 10 men, 5 women; median age, 63.1 years; median time from transplantation to cancer diagnosis, 3.1 years). Twelve cancers were in native lung, and 3 were in transplanted lung. The incidence of lung cancer was higher in single lung transplant recipients than in bilateral lung transplant recipients (10.3% vs 0.6%, respectively; P < 0.0001). Imaging manifestations varied according to tumor stages. Among 12 patients treated for lung cancer, 2 patients developed posttreatment acute respiratory distress syndrome. The median survival from cancer diagnosis of cancer was 6.2 months. CONCLUSIONS Posttransplant lung cancer was noted in 3% of lung transplant recipients and was more common in unilateral transplant recipients. The prognosis upon diagnosis was poor with rapid clinical deterioration and serious posttreatment complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chi Tseng
- Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute 450 Brookline Ave. Boston MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital 75 Francis St. Boston MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Staci Gagne
- Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute 450 Brookline Ave. Boston MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital 75 Francis St. Boston MA, 02215, USA
| | - Hiroto Hatabu
- Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute 450 Brookline Ave. Boston MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital 75 Francis St. Boston MA, 02215, USA
| | - Gigin Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Lynnette Sholl
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital 75 Francis St. Boston MA, 02215, USA
| | - Mizuki Nishino
- Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute 450 Brookline Ave. Boston MA, 02215, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital 75 Francis St. Boston MA, 02215, USA
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15
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Yau WH, Chen SC, Wu DW, Chen HC, Lin HH, Wang CW, Hung CH, Kuo CH. Blood lead (Pb) is associated with lung fibrotic changes in non-smokers living in the vicinity of petrochemical complex: a population-based study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27784-7. [PMID: 37213022 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27784-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a toxic metal that has been extensively used in various industrial processes, and it persists in the environment, posing a continuous risk of exposure to humans. This study investigated blood lead levels in participants aged 20 years and older, who resided in Dalinpu for more than two years between 2016 to 2018, at Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital. Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry was used to analyze the blood samples for lead levels, and the LDCT (Low-Dose computed tomography) scans were interpreted by experienced radiologists. The blood lead levels were divided into quartiles, with Q1 representing levels of ≤1.10 μg/dL, Q2 representing levels of >1.11 and ≤1.60 μg/dL, Q3 representing levels of >1.61 and ≤2.30 μg/dL, and Q4 representing levels of >2.31 μg/dL. Individuals with lung fibrotic changes had significantly higher (mean ± SD) blood lead levels (1.88±1.27vs. 1.72±1.53 μg/dl, p< 0.001) than those with non-lung fibrotic changes. In multivariate analysis, we found that the highest quartile (Q4: >2.31 μg/dL) lead levels (OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.01-1.82; p= 0.043) and the higher quartile (Q3: >1.61 and ≤2.30 μg/dL) (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.01-1.75; p= 0.041) was significantly associated with lung fibrotic changes compared with the lowest quartile (Q1: ≤1.10 μg/dL) (Cox and Snell R2, 6.1 %; Nagelkerke R2, 8.5 %). The dose-response trend was significant (Ptrend= 0.030). Blood lead exposure was significantly associated lung fibrotic change. To prevent lung toxicity, it is recommended to maintain blood lead levels lower than the current reference value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hoong Yau
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital Tainan Branch, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chia Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482, Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist, 812, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Da-Wei Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482, Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist, 812, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Chi Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482, Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist, 812, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Hsun Lin
- Department of Laboratory Technology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482, Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist, 812, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Division of Hepatobiliary, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hsing Hung
- Research Center for Precision Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Hung Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, 482, Shan-Ming Rd., Hsiao-Kang Dist, 812, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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16
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Ramundo V, Palazzo ML, Aldieri E. TGF-β as Predictive Marker and Pharmacological Target in Lung Cancer Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082295. [PMID: 37190223 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) represents the leading cause of cancer incidence and mortality worldwide. LC onset is strongly related to genetic mutations and environmental interactions, such as tobacco smoking, or pathological conditions, such as chronic inflammation. Despite advancement in knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved in LC, this tumor is still characterized by an unfavorable prognosis, and the current therapeutic options are unsatisfactory. TGF-β is a cytokine that regulates different biological processes, particularly at the pulmonary level, and its alteration has been demonstrated to be associated with LC progression. Moreover, TGF-β is involved in promoting invasiveness and metastasis, via epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) induction, where TGF-β is the major driver. Thus, a TGF-β-EMT signature may be considered a potential predictive marker in LC prognosis, and TGF-β-EMT inhibition has been demonstrated to prevent metastasis in various animal models. Concerning a LC therapeutic approach, some TGF-β and TGF-β-EMT inhibitors could be used in combination with chemo- and immunotherapy without major side effects, thereby improving cancer therapy. Overall, targeting TGF-β may be a valid possibility to fight LC, both in improving LC prognosis and cancer therapy, via a novel approach that could open up new effective strategies against this aggressive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Ramundo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
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17
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Lee Y, Berríos-Vázquez G, Maes RK, Kiupel M, Desmarets LMB, Nauwynck HJ, Soboll Hussey G. Development of immortalized feline respiratory epithelial cells in an air-liquid-interface culture system for feline herpesvirus-1 study. Virus Res 2023; 326:199063. [PMID: 36738933 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1) is responsible for approximately 50% of diagnosed viral upper respiratory tract disease in cats. The virus infects and replicates in the epithelial cells located in upper respiratory tract. Commercial vaccines do not protect cats from the infection itself or development of latency. Previously, our lab developed a cell culture model using primary feline respiratory epithelial cells (pFRECs) to study respiratory innate immunity to FHV-1 and FHV-1 deletion mutants. However, the numbers of pFRECs that can be obtained per cat is limited. To improve the usage of respiratory epithelial 3D cultures in FHV-1 research, the present study immortalized feline respiratory epithelial cells (iFRECs) and characterized them morphologically and immunologically and evaluated the response to FHV-1 infection. Immortalization was achieved by transduction with Lenti-SV40T and Lenti-HPV E6/E7. Immortalized FRECs could be successfully subcultured for >20 passages, with positive gene expression of SV40T and HPV E6/E7. Immortalized FRECs expressed similar innate immunity-associated genes compared to pFRECs, including genes of Toll-like receptors (TLR1-9), interferon induced genes (OAS1, OAS3, IFI44, IFITM1, IFIT1), chemokines (CCL2, CCL3, CXCL8), pro-inflammatory and regulatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-4, IL-5, IL-12, and IL-18), and antimicrobials (DEFβ10, DEFβ4B). Finally, FHV-1 inoculation resulted in characteristic cytopathic effects starting at 24 hpi, with more than 80% cells detached and lysed by 72 hpi. Overall FHV-1 growth kinetics in iFRECs resembled the kinetics observed in pFRECs. In conclusion, we demonstrated that iFRECs are a useful tool to study feline respiratory disease including but not limited to FHV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Lee
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 784 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States; Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Glorián Berríos-Vázquez
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 784 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States
| | - Roger K Maes
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Michigan State University, 4125 Beaumont Road, Lansing, MI 48910, United States
| | - Matti Kiupel
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Michigan State University, 4125 Beaumont Road, Lansing, MI 48910, United States
| | - Lowiese M B Desmarets
- University of Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille F-59000, France
| | - Hans J Nauwynck
- Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, Merelbeke 9820, Belgium
| | - Gisela Soboll Hussey
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, 784 Wilson Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, United States.
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18
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Ren LL, Li XJ, Duan TT, Li ZH, Yang JZ, Zhang YM, Zou L, Miao H, Zhao YY. Transforming growth factor-β signaling: From tissue fibrosis to therapeutic opportunities. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 369:110289. [PMID: 36455676 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis refers to the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix components in the processes of wound repair or tissue regeneration after tissue damage. Fibrosis occurs in various organs such as lung, heart, liver, and kidney tissues, resulting in the failure of organ structural integrity and its functional impairment. It has long been thought to be relentlessly progressive and irreversible process, but both preclinical models and clinical trials in multiorgans have shown that fibrosis is a highly dynamic process. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a superfamily of related growth factors. Many studies have described that activation of profibrotic TGF-β signaling promotes infiltration and/or proliferation of preexisting fibroblasts, generation of myofibroblasts, extracellular matrix deposition, and inhibition of collagenolysis, which leads to fibrosis in the pathological milieu. This review describes the effect of TGF-β signaling in fibrotic-associate lung, heart, liver, and kidney tissues, followed by a detailed discussion of canonical and non-canonical TGF-β signaling pathway. In addition, this review also discusses therapeutic options by using natural products and chemical agents, for targeting tissue fibrosis via modulating TGF-β signaling to provide a more specific concept-driven therapy strategy for multiorgan fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Li
- Department of Nephrology, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, 13 Shiliugang Street, Guangzhou, 510315, China
| | - Ting-Ting Duan
- Guangdong Nephrotic Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Institute of Consun Co. for Chinese Medicine in Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Zheng-Hai Li
- Guangdong Nephrotic Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Institute of Consun Co. for Chinese Medicine in Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Jun-Zheng Yang
- Guangdong Nephrotic Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Institute of Consun Co. for Chinese Medicine in Kidney Diseases, Guangdong Consun Pharmaceutical Group, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Ya-Mei Zhang
- Key Disciplines of Clinical Pharmacy, Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital & Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, No. 82 the Second Section of North 2nd Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610081, China
| | - Liang Zou
- School of Food and Bioengineering, Chengdu University, No. 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610106, China
| | - Hua Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Ying-Yong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China; Key Disciplines of Clinical Pharmacy, Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital & Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, No. 82 the Second Section of North 2nd Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610081, China.
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MiR-328-3p promotes TGF-β1-induced proliferation, migration, and inflammation of airway smooth muscle cells by regulating the PTEN/Akt pathway. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2023; 51:151-159. [PMID: 36916101 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v51i2.767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that the up-regulation of microRNA miR-328-3p expression increases seasonal allergy and asthma symptoms in children, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the role and mechanism of -miR-328-3p in transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). METHODS The effect of TGF-β1 on the expression of miR-328-3p in ASMCs was examined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cells proliferation, migration, and inflammatory factors in TGF-β1-induced ASMCs were measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), transwell, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Besides, TargetScan was used to predict phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), the downstream target of miR-328-3p; double-luciferase reporter assay, western blot, and qRT-PCR were used to verify the targeting relationship between miR-328-3p and PTEN; western blot was also used to examine the effects of PTEN and miR-328-3p knockdown on the expression levels of PTEN, Akt, and p-Akt proteins. RESULTS The expression of miR-328-3p was up-regulated in TGF-β1-induced ASMCs. Knockdown of miR-328-3p significantly inhibited proliferation, migration, and inflammation of ASMCs induced by TGF-β1 and decreased levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β. The dual--luciferase reporter assay results confirmed that PTEN was a target gene of miR-328-3p. Moreover, inhibition of PTEN expression reversed the inhibitory effect of low miR-328-3p expression on -TGF-β1-induced ASMC's proliferation, migration, and inflammation. In comparison to the knockdown of miR-328-3p alone, the simultaneous knockdown of miR-328-3p with PTEN decreased PTEN protein expression levels and increased p-Akt/Akt ratio in TGF-β1-induced ASMCs. CONCLUSION Through regulating the expression of PTEN and the activity of Akt signaling pathway, miR-328-3p promotes TGF-β1-induced proliferation, migration, and inflammation of ASMCs.
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20
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Yue YL, Zhang MY, Liu JY, Fang LJ, Qu YQ. The role of autophagy in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: from mechanisms to therapies. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2022; 16:17534666221140972. [PMID: 36468453 PMCID: PMC9726854 DOI: 10.1177/17534666221140972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial pulmonary disease with an extremely poor prognosis. Autophagy is a fundamental intracellular process involved in maintaining cellular homeostasis and regulating cell survival. Autophagy deficiency has been shown to play an important role in the progression of pulmonary fibrosis. This review focused on the six steps of autophagy, as well as the interplay between autophagy and other seven pulmonary fibrosis related mechanisms, which include extracellular matrix deposition, myofibroblast differentiation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, pulmonary epithelial cell dysfunction, apoptosis, TGF-β1 pathway, and the renin-angiotensin system. In addition, this review also summarized autophagy-related signaling pathways such as mTOR, MAPK, JAK2/STAT3 signaling, p65, and Keap1/Nrf2 signaling during the development of IPF. Furthermore, this review also illustrated the commonly used autophagy detection methods, the currently approved antifibrotic drugs pirfenidone and nintedanib, and several prospective compounds targeting autophagy for the treatment of IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-Liang Yue
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Diseases, Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Meng-Yu Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Diseases, Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jian-Yu Liu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Diseases, Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li-Jun Fang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Diseases, Laboratory of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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21
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Abu Qubo A, Numan J, Snijder J, Padilla M, Austin JH, Capaccione KM, Pernia M, Bustamante J, O'Connor T, Salvatore MM. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer: future directions and challenges. Breathe (Sheff) 2022; 18:220147. [PMID: 36865932 PMCID: PMC9973524 DOI: 10.1183/20734735.0147-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disease of pulmonary scarring. New treatments slow disease progression and allow pulmonary fibrosis patients to live longer. Persistent pulmonary fibrosis increases a patient's risk of developing lung cancer. Lung cancer in patients with IPF differs from cancers that develop in the non-fibrotic lung. Peripherally located adenocarcinoma is the most frequent cell type in smokers who develop lung cancer, while squamous cell carcinoma is the most frequent in pulmonary fibrosis. Increased fibroblast foci in IPF are associated with more aggressive cancer behaviour and shorter doubling times. Treatment of lung cancer in fibrosis is challenging because of the risk of inducing an exacerbation of fibrosis. In order to improve patient outcomes, modifications of current lung cancer screening guidelines in patients with pulmonary fibrosis will be necessary to avoid delays in treatment. 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) computed tomography (CT) imaging can help identify cancer earlier and more reliably than CT alone. Increased use of wedge resections, proton therapy and immunotherapy may increase survival by decreasing the risk of exacerbation, but further research will be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Abu Qubo
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Jamil Numan
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Juan Snijder
- Department of Pediatrics, Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Maria Padilla
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - John H.M. Austin
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Monica Pernia
- Department of Medicine, Metropolitan Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jean Bustamante
- Department of Oncology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Timothy O'Connor
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary M. Salvatore
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA,Corresponding author: Mary M. Salvatore ()
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22
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Mormile R. High degree atrioventricular block and COVID-19 infection: a two player match? Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2022; 20:783-786. [PMID: 36189495 DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2022.2132231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Mormile
- Division of Pediatrics sand Neonatology, Moscati Hospital, Aversa - Italy
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23
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Quan Y, Yin Z, Chen S, Lang J, Han L, Yi J, Zhang L, Yue Q, Tian W, Chen P, Du S, Wang J, Dai Y, Hua H, Zeng J, Li L, Zhao J. The gut-lung axis: Gut microbiota changes associated with pulmonary fibrosis in mouse models induced by bleomycin. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:985223. [PMID: 36249808 PMCID: PMC9561135 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.985223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to investigate the alterations in the gut microbiota (GM) of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) mice induced by bleomycin (BLM) with its underlying mechanisms. BLM was docked with the targets of TGF-β/SMAD and caspase-3 pathways using the molecular docking technique. HE staining and Masson staining were applied to observe the histopathological changes in the pulmonary tissues. Detection of the apoptotic signals was conducted by flow cytometry and TUNEL staining. The mRNA expression of targets involved in the TGF-β/SMAD and caspase-3 signaling pathways in lungs was determined by qPCR. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay was used to detect the expression levels of cleaved caspase-3 and BAX proteins in mice lung tissues. 16S rDNA sequencing analysis was used to investigate the changes of GM in the fecal samples of mice in each group. The results showed that the apoptosis rate of pulmonary cells in the BLM group distinctly increased, with the expression levels of crucial target pro-apoptotic gene caspase-3, BAX with the corresponding protein, cleaved caspase-3, BAX were apparently elevated. This was accompanied by a significant increase in pro-fibrotic targets level such as TGF-β, fibronectin, collagen I, and collagen III. The mechanisms of PF induced by BLM were related to apoptosis of lung tissue cells such as alveolar epithelial cells and destroyed alveolar structure and excessive production of extracellular matrix (ECM), which may be bound up with activating TGF-β/SMAD and caspase-3 pathways. As for the GM, it was found that, after BLM induced PF in mice, the micro ecological balance of the GM was destroyed; the distance of PCo1 and Pco2 was significantly elongated, and the relative abundance of some intestinal probiotics like Catenibacterium and Lactobacillus (L. johnsonii and L. gasseri) dramatically lowered while the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobiales and Enterobacteriales substantially increased. Therefore, GM changes associated with PF in mouse models induced by BLM and the concept of "gut-lung axis" might provide an optional therapeutic strategy for PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Quan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhujun Yin
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shilong Chen
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jirui Lang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liyang Han
- Department of Pharmacognosy, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yi
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianhua Yue
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Weiwei Tian
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shenglin Du
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Dai
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Hua
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Zeng
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Li
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junning Zhao
- Department of Pharmacognosy, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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24
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Pirfenidone promotes the levels of exosomal miR-200 to down-regulate ZEB1 and represses the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of non-small cell lung cancer cells. Hum Cell 2022; 35:1813-1823. [PMID: 36002606 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00766-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the malignancy with highest mortality and morbidity. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment of NSCLC. This research is performed to explore the biological functions of pirfenidone (PFD) to repress the malignant phenotypes of NSCLC cells, and its regulatory effects on exosomal microRNA-200 (exo-miR-200) derived from CAFs. In the present work, we report that, exo-miR-200 secreted by CAFs restrains the migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of NSCLC cells; PFD treatment promotes the secretion of exo-miR-200 from CAFs and enhances the tumor-suppressive properties of exo-miR-200 on NSCLC cells; zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) is identified as a target of miR-200, and PFD treatment repressed the expression of ZEB1 in NSCLC cells via inducing the expression and secretion of miR-200 in CAFs. In conclusion, PFD-induced miR-200 overexpression in CAFs inhibits ZEB1 expression in NSCLC cells, and thus decelerates the migration, invasion and EMT process. Our study may provide clues for the treatment of NSCLC.
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25
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Radwanska A, Cottage CT, Piras A, Overed-Sayer C, Sihlbom C, Budida R, Wrench C, Connor J, Monkley S, Hazon P, Schluter H, Thomas MJ, Hogaboam CM, Murray LA. Increased expression and accumulation of GDF15 in IPF extracellular matrix contribute to fibrosis. JCI Insight 2022; 7:153058. [PMID: 35993367 PMCID: PMC9462497 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.153058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic disease of unmet medical need. It is characterized by formation of scar tissue leading to a progressive and irreversible decline in lung function. IPF is associated with repeated injury, which may alter the composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Here, we demonstrate that IPF patient–derived pulmonary ECM drives profibrotic response in normal human lung fibroblasts (NHLF) in a 3D spheroid assay. Next, we reveal distinct alterations in composition of the diseased ECM, identifying potentially novel associations with IPF. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) was identified among the most significantly upregulated proteins in the IPF lung–derived ECM. In vivo, GDF15 neutralization in a bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis model led to significantly less fibrosis. In vitro, recombinant GDF15 (rGDF15) stimulated α smooth muscle actin (αSMA) expression in NHLF, and this was mediated by the activin receptor-like kinase 5 (ALK5) receptor. Furthermore, in the presence of rGDF15, the migration of NHLF in collagen gel was reduced. In addition, we observed a cell type–dependent effect of GDF15 on the expression of cell senescence markers. Our data suggest that GDF15 mediates lung fibrosis through fibroblast activation and differentiation, implicating a potential direct role of this matrix-associated cytokine in promoting aberrant cell responses in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Radwanska
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology (R&I), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christopher Travis Cottage
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, R&I, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Antonio Piras
- Bioscience In Vivo, Research and Early Development, R&I, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Catherine Overed-Sayer
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, R&I, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Carina Sihlbom
- Proteomics Core Facility of Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ramachandramouli Budida
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, R&I, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Catherine Wrench
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, R&I, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Connor
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, R&I, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Susan Monkley
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, R&I, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Petra Hazon
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology (R&I), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Holger Schluter
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology (R&I), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Matthew J. Thomas
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory and Immunology (R&I), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Lynne A. Murray
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, R&I, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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26
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RNF2 mediates pulmonary fibroblasts activation and proliferation by regulating mTOR and p16-CDK4-Rb1 signaling pathway. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:1283-1303. [PMID: 35933565 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01617-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic, progressive interstitial lung disease with unknown etiology, associated with increasing morbidity and pessimistic prognosis. Pulmonary fibroblasts (PFbs) are the key effector cells of PF, in which abnormal activation and proliferation is an important pathogenesis of PF. Ring finger protein 2 (RNF2), is identified as the catalytic subunit of poly-comb repressive complex 1, which is closely related to occurrence and development of lung cancer, but its function in PF has not been revealed. In this paper, we sought to identify the regulatory role of RNF2 in lung fibrogenesis and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS The expression of RNF2 in lung fibrosis tissue (human and Bleomycin-induced mouse) and cell model (TGF-β1-induced HFL1 cells) was examined by immunoblotting analysis and immunofluorescence. Western blot, qRT-PCR were performed to evaluate the expression of pro-fibrogenic cytokines (including α-SMA, ECM and MMPs/ TIMPs) induced by TGF-β1 in HFL1 cells. Cell proliferation, cycle progression and apoptosis were examined by fow cytometric. Molecular interactions were tested by Co-IP assays. RESULTS RNF2 expression was elevated in PF tissues compared to normal adjacent tissues and in PFbs (HFL1) induced by TGF-β1. Furthermore, knockdown of RNF2 could evidently inhibit the abnormal expression of pro-fibrogenic cytokines (including α-SMA, ECM and MMPs/TIMPs) induced by TGF-β1 in HFL1 cells. Functionally, RNF2 silencing could significantly suppress TGF-β1-induced anomalous proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis and autophagy in HFL1 cells. Mechanistically, RNF2 deficiency could effectively inhibit the abnormal activation of mTOR signaling pathway in TGF-β1-induced HFL1 cells, and mTOR pathway had feedback regulation on the expression of RNF2. Further studies RNF2 could regulate the phosphorylation level of RB1 through interacting with p16 to destroy the binding of p16 and CDK4 competitively. Simultaneously, overexpression of RNF2 could show the opposite results. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that RNF2 is a potent pro-fibrogenic molecule for PFbs activation and proliferation through mTOR and p16-CDK4-Rb signaling pathways, and RNF2 inhibition will be a potential therapeutic avenue for treating PF.
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27
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Wang C, Yang J. Mechanical forces: The missing link between idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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28
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Qian Q, Ma Q, Wang B, Qian Q, Zhao C, Feng F, Dong X. Downregulated miR-129-5p expression inhibits rat pulmonary fibrosis by upregulating STAT1 gene expression in macrophages. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 109:108880. [PMID: 35689956 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the mechanism by which microRNA-129-5p (miR-129-5p) in macrophages affects pulmonary fibrosis in rats by regulating the expression of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) gene. METHODS After the establishment of a pulmonary fibrosis rat model, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was employed to detect the expression of miR-129-5p in the sham group and model group. The binding sites between miR-129-5p and STAT1 were predicted online and verified by using a dual luciferase reporter system. qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses were used to test the effect of miR-129-5p on STAT1 gene expression. M2 macrophages were isolated and induced, and exosomes were extracted. Cell proliferation was detected by EdU. Furthermore, qRT-PCR was performed to detect the expression of STAT1, collagen type I A2 (COL1A2), collagen type III A1 (COL3A1), fibronectin, and α-SMA in cells and tissues followed by the detection of CD9, CD63, CD81, CD31 and STAT1 protein expression using a Western blot analysis. The pulmonary fibrosis area was detected by Masson staining followed by the immunohistochemical detection of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and type I collagen (COL-I) expression in pulmonary fibroblasts. RESULTS Compared with the sham group, the expression level of miR-129-5p in the model group was significantly increased (P < 0.05). miR-129-5p was observed to negatively regulate the expression of STAT1 (P < 0.05). The in vitro cell transfection experiments showed that after inhibiting the expression of miR-129-5p, the expression of STAT1 was increased, and the proliferation of fibroblasts and pulmonary fibrosis were inhibited (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, compared with the fibroblasts without coculture, the proliferation of the fibroblasts cocultured with M2 macrophage-secreted exosomes was clearly increased, and the expression levels of COL1A2, COL3A1, fibronectin and α-SMA were significantly increased (all P < 0.05). Compared with the mimic NC-exo group, the miR-129-5p-exo group had significantly increased proliferation of fibroblasts, decreased expression of STAT1, and significantly increased expression of COL1A2, COL3A1, fibronectin and α-SMA, and M2 macrophage-secreted exosomes could carry miR-129-5p to fibroblasts. Furthermore, the in vivo experiment confirmed that the exosomes of M2 macrophages could carry miR-129-5p, which could regulate M2 macrophages with pulmonary fibrosis in vivo. CONCLUSION M2 macrophages can carry miR-129-5p to pulmonary interstitial fibroblasts and inhibit STAT1 gene expression, which may lead to the proliferation of fibroblasts and promote pulmonary fibrosis. The downregulation of miR-129-5p can significantly promote STAT1 gene expression in macrophages to inhibit pulmonary fibrosis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzeng Qian
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Qinghua Ma
- Department of Preventive Health, The Third People's Hospital Of Xiangcheng District In Suzhou, Suzhou 215134, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Qingqiang Qian
- Department of Neurology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Changsong Zhao
- Department of Emergency, Tangshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Fumin Feng
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaona Dong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan 063001, Hebei, China.
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29
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Zeitlmayr S, Zierler S, Staab-Weijnitz CA, Dietrich A, Geiger F, Horgen FD, Gudermann T, Breit A. TRPM7 restrains plasmin activity and promotes transforming growth factor-β1 signaling in primary human lung fibroblasts. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:2767-2783. [PMID: 35864199 PMCID: PMC9302958 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03342-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sustained exposure of the lung to various environmental or occupational toxins may eventually lead to pulmonary fibrosis, a devastating disease with no cure. Pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins such as fibronectin and collagens. The peptidase plasmin degrades the ECM, but protein levels of the plasmin activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) are increased in fibrotic lung tissue, thereby dampening plasmin activity. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced activation of SMAD transcription factors promotes ECM deposition by enhancing collagen, fibronectin and PAI-1 levels in pulmonary fibroblasts. Hence, counteracting TGF-β1-induced signaling is a promising approach for the therapy of pulmonary fibrosis. Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M Member 7 (TRPM7) supports TGF-β1-promoted SMAD signaling in T-lymphocytes and the progression of fibrosis in kidney and heart. Thus, we investigated possible effects of TRPM7 on plasmin activity, ECM levels and TGF-β1 signaling in primary human pulmonary fibroblasts (pHPF). We found that two structurally unrelated TRPM7 blockers enhanced plasmin activity and reduced fibronectin or PAI-1 protein levels in pHPF under basal conditions. Further, TRPM7 blockade strongly inhibited fibronectin and collagen deposition induced by sustained TGF-β1 stimulation. In line with these data, inhibition of TRPM7 activity diminished TGF-β1-triggered phosphorylation of SMAD-2, SMAD-3/4-dependent reporter activation and PAI-1 mRNA levels. Overall, we uncover TRPM7 as a novel supporter of TGF-β1 signaling in pHPF and propose TRPM7 blockers as new candidates to control excessive ECM levels under pathophysiological conditions conducive to pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Zeitlmayr
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 33, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanna Zierler
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 33, 80336, Munich, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, Johannes Kepler University, Life Science Park, Huemerstraße 3-5, 4020, Linz, Austria
| | - Claudia A Staab-Weijnitz
- Institute of Lung Health and Immunity and Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München GmbH, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Max-Lebsche-Platz 31, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Dietrich
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 33, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Fabienne Geiger
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 33, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - F David Horgen
- Department of Natural Sciences, Hawaii Pacific University, Kaneohe, HI, 96744, USA
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 33, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Breit
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 33, 80336, Munich, Germany.
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Systematic characterization of the components and molecular mechanisms of Jinshui Huanxian granules using UPLC-Orbitrap Fusion MS integrated with network pharmacology. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12476. [PMID: 35864295 PMCID: PMC9304367 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16711-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Jinshui Huanxian granules (JSHX) is a clinical Chinese medicine formula used for treating pulmonary fibrosis (PF). However, the effective components and molecular mechanisms of JSHX are still unclear. In this study, a combination approach using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-Orbitrap Fusion mass spectrometry (UPLC-Orbitrap Fusion MS) integrated with network pharmacology was followed to identify the components of JSHX and the underlying molecular mechanisms against PF. UPLC-Orbitrap Fusion MS was used to identify the components present in JSHX. On the basis of the identified components, we performed target prediction using the SwissTargetPrediction database, protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis using STRING database, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis using Metascape and constructed a component-target-pathway network using Cytoscape 3.7.2. Molecular docking technology was used to verify the affinity between the core components and targets. Finally, the pharmacological activities of three potentially bioactive components were validated in transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)-induced A549 cell fibrosis model. As a result, we identified 266 components, including 56 flavonoids, 52 saponins, 31 alkaloids, 10 coumarins, 12 terpenoids and 105 other components. Of these, 90 validated components were predicted to act on 172 PF-related targets and they exhibited therapeutic effects against PF via regulation of cell migration, regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, reduction of oxidative stress, and anti-inflammatory activity. Molecular docking showed that the core components could spontaneously bind to receptor proteins with a strong binding force. In vitro, compared to model group, hesperetin, ruscogenin and liquiritin significantly inhibited the increase of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin (FN) and the decrease of e-cadherin (E-cad) in TGF-β1-induced A549 cells. This study is the first to show, using UPLC-Orbitrap Fusion MS combined with network pharmacology and experimental validation, that JSHX might exert therapeutic actions against PF by suppressing the expression of key factors in PF. The findings provide a deeper understanding of the chemical profiling and pharmacological activities of JSHX and a reference for further scientific research and clinical use of JSHX in PF treatment.
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Duan J, Zhong B, Fan Z, Zhang H, Xu M, Zhang X, Sanders YY. DNA methylation in pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer. Expert Rev Respir Med 2022; 16:519-528. [PMID: 35673969 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2022.2085091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Duan
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Baiyun Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhihua Fan
- Xiangya Medical school of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Xiangya Medical school of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengmeng Xu
- Xiangya Medical school of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Y Sanders
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 901 19 Street South, BMRII Room 408, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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Hennion N, Desseyn JL, Gottrand F, Wémeau-Stervinou L, Gouyer V. La fibrose pulmonaire idiopathique. Med Sci (Paris) 2022; 38:579-584. [DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2022084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
La fibrose pulmonaire idiopathique (FPI) est une maladie pulmonaire chronique, évolutive et mortelle dont l’origine est inconnue. Elle se caractérise par une cicatrisation aberrante de l’épithélium alvéolaire aboutissant à une accumulation de matrice extracellulaire (MEC). Les foyers fibroblastiques, constitués de fibroblastes et de myofibroblastes, sont responsables de la production excessive de MEC. Les deux seules molécules thérapeutiques disponibles sur le marché permettent seulement de ralentir l’évolution de la maladie. Dans cette revue, nous présentons les mécanismes impliqués dans la progression de la maladie, ses traitements et les modèles d’étude.
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Wu Z, Jia M, Zhao W, Huang X, Yang X, Chen D, Qiaolongbatu X, Li X, Wu J, Qian F, Lou Y, Fan G. Schisandrol A, the main active ingredient of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus, inhibits pulmonary fibrosis through suppression of the TGF-β signaling pathway as revealed by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS, network pharmacology and experimental verification. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 289:115031. [PMID: 35091014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Schisandra chinensis decoction derived from the book of Waitai Miyao (Tao Wang, Tang dynasty) is often used in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), which is included in the Grand Ceremony of Chinese formulae (Huairen Peng, 1994). Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus (Sch) is one of the most important herbs in this formula. According to the "Shennong's Herbal Classicherbal" of the Han Dynasty, Sch has sour taste, warm nature, which has the effect of tonifying qi and curing cough. In addition, according to the "Compendium of Materia Medica" of the Ming Dynasty, Sch is used to treat cough and asthma, which has the effect of moistening the lung and tonifying the kidney. However, the active ingredients of Sch absorption into the plasma and its pharmacological mechanism of treatment for IPF still remained unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY Our research aimed at identifying the absorbed active ingredients and metabolized of Sch in rat plasma and the mechanism of anti-IPF based on serum pharmacochemistry. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, the rats were divided into control group and Sch group. Sch sample was orally administrated to the rats for seven days. The blood samples were drawn into an Eppendorf tube after the last dosing. The ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS) was applied to identify the absorption components and metabolites of Sch in rat plasma. Second, the network pharmacology combined with molecular docking analysis was further investigated to illuminate its potential mechanism of treatment for IPF by the biological targets regulating related pathways. Finally, the mechanism of action was verified by experimental in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS A total of 78 compounds, consist of 13 prototype lignans and 65 metabolites (including isomers) were identified. Network pharmacology study and molecular docking analysis indicated that schisandrol A (L1) play an anti-fibrosis role by regulating the TGF-β signaling pathway. Experimental in vitro and in vivo verified that the schisandrol A could inhibiting pulmonary fibrosis through TGF-β signaling pathway. The effect and mechanism of schisandrol A inhibiting pulmonary fibrosis were reported for the first time. CONCLUSIONS In this study, the absorption active ingredients of Sch in rat plasma were combined with the network pharmacology investigation and experimental in vitro and in vivo to elucidate its biological mechanism of treatment for IPF. The results provided a theoretical support for understanding the bioactive compounds and the pharmacological mechanism of Sch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghua Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, PR China.
| | - Mengqi Jia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, PR China.
| | - Wenjuan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Xucong Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China.
| | - Xinyi Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Dongxin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Xijier Qiaolongbatu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, PR China.
| | - Jiaqi Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, PR China.
| | - Feng Qian
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
| | - Yuefen Lou
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200434, PR China.
| | - Guorong Fan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, PR China.
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Yao Y, Li Z, Gao W. Identification of Hub Genes in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and NSCLC Progression:Evidence From Bioinformatics Analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:855789. [PMID: 35480306 PMCID: PMC9038140 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.855789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lung cancer is the most common comorbidity of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Thus there is an urgent need for the research of IPF and carcinogenesis Objective: The objective of this study was to explore hub genes which are common in pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer progression through bioinformatic analysis. Methods: All the analysis was performed in R software. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were explored by comparing gene expression profiles between IPF tissues and healthy lung tissues from GSE24206, GSE53845, GSE101286 and GSE110147 datasets. Venn Diagram analysis was used to identify the overlapping genes, while GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were used to explore the biological functions of the DEGs using clusterprofiler package. Hub genes were identified by analyzing protein-protein interaction networks using Cytoscape software. Nomogram was constructed using the rms package. Tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) and Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) analysis was used to quantify the immunotherapy and chemotherapy sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Results:COL1A1, COL3A1, MMP1, POSTN1 and TIMP3 were identified as the top five hub genes. The five hub genes were used to construct a diagnostic nomogram that was validated in another IPF dataset. Since the hub genes were also associated with lung cancer progression, we found that the nomogram also had diagnostic value in NSCLC patients. These five genes achieved a statistically difference of overall survival in NSCLC patients (p < 0.05). The expression of the five hub genes was mostly enriched in fibroblasts. Fibroblasts and the hub genes also showed significant ability to predict the susceptibility of NSCLC patients to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Conclusion: We identified five hub genes as potential biomarkers of IPF and NSCLC progression. This finding may give insight into the underlying molecular mechanisms of IPF and lung cancer progression and provides potential targets for developing new therapeutic agents for IPF patients.
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CAR-T Cells for the Treatment of Lung Cancer. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12040561. [PMID: 35455052 PMCID: PMC9028981 DOI: 10.3390/life12040561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy with genetically modified T lymphocytes that express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR-T) is one of the most promising advanced therapies for the treatment of cancer, with unprecedented outcomes in hematological malignancies. However, the efficacy of CAR-T cells in solid tumors is still very unsatisfactory, because of the strong immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment that hinders immune responses. The development of next-generation personalized CAR-T cells against solid tumors is a clinical necessity. The identification of therapeutic targets for new CAR-T therapies to increase the efficacy, survival, persistence, and safety in solid tumors remains a critical frontier in cancer immunotherapy. Here, we summarize basic, translational, and clinical results of CAR-T cell immunotherapies in lung cancer, from their molecular engineering and mechanistic studies to preclinical and clinical development.
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Karamalakova Y, Stefanov I, Georgieva E, Nikolova G. Pulmonary Protein Oxidation and Oxidative Stress Modulation by Lemna minor L. in Progressive Bleomycin-Induced Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:523. [PMID: 35326173 PMCID: PMC8944767 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bleomycin (BLM) administration is associated with multifunctional proteins inflammations and induction of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Lemna minor L. extract, a free-floating monocot macrophyte possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. The aim of the study was to examine the protective effect of L. minor extract on lung protein oxidation and oxidative stress modulation by BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis in Balb/c mice. For this purpose, the protein carbonyl content, advanced glycation end product, nitroxide protein oxidation (5-MSL), and lipid peroxidation (as MDA and ROS), in lung cells were examined. The histological examinations, collagen deposition, and quantitative measurements of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF in lung tissues and blood were investigated. Intraperitoneal, BLM administration (0.069 U/mL; 0.29 U/kg b.w.) for 33 days, caused IPF induction in Balb/c mice. Pulmonary combining therapy was administered with L. minor at dose 120 mg/mL (0.187 mg/kg b.w.). L. minor histologically ameliorated BLM induced IPF in lung tissues. L. minor significantly modulated (p < 0.05) BLM-alterations induced in lung hydroxyproline, carbonylated proteins, 5-MSL-protein oxidation. Oxidative stress decreased levels in antioxidant enzymatic and non-enzymatic systems in the lung were significantly regulated (p < 0.05) by L. minor. L. minor decreased the IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α expression in lung tissues and plasma. The L. minor improves the preventive effect/defense response in specific pulmonary protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, ROS identifications, and cytokine modulation by BLM-induced chronic inflammations, and could be a good antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic alternative or IPF prevention involved in their pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanka Karamalakova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (Y.K.); (E.G.)
| | - Ivaylo Stefanov
- Department of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria;
| | - Ekaterina Georgieva
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (Y.K.); (E.G.)
| | - Galina Nikolova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 11 Armeiska Str., 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria; (Y.K.); (E.G.)
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Sazgarnejad S, Yazdanpanah N, Rezaei N. Anti-inflammatory effects of GLP-1 in patients with COVID-19. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2022; 20:373-381. [PMID: 34348067 PMCID: PMC8425436 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2021.1964955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding the pathogenesis and risk factors to control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is necessary. Due to the importance of the inflammatory pathways in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 patients, evaluating the effects of anti-inflammatory medications is important. Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) is awell-known glucose-lowering agent with anti-inflammatory effects. AREAS COVERED Resources were extracted from the PubMed database, using keywords such as glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1 RA, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, inflammation, in April2021. In this review, the effects of GLP-1RA in reducing inflammation and modifying risk factors of COVID-19 severe complications are discussed. However, GLP-1 is degraded by DPP-4 with aplasma half-life of about 2-5 minutes, which makes it difficult to measure GLP-1 plasma level in clinical settings. EXPERT OPINION Since no definitive treatment is available for COVID-19 so far, determining promising targets to design and/or repurpose effective medications is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saharnaz Sazgarnejad
- School Of Medicine, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students’ Scientific Research Center, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (Niima), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (Usern), Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Yazdanpanah
- School Of Medicine, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (Niima), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (Usern), Tehran, Iran
- Research Center For Immunodeficiencies, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (Niima), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (Usern), Tehran, Iran
- Research Center For Immunodeficiencies, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department Of Immunology, School Of Medicine, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kou W, Li B, Shi Y, Zhao Y, Yu Q, Zhuang J, Xu Y, Peng W. High complement protein C1q levels in pulmonary fibrosis and non-small cell lung cancer associated with poor prognosis. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:110. [PMID: 35078421 PMCID: PMC8790889 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08912-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common type of interstitial pneumonia. Lung cancer, mainly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), is a complication of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. IPF is also an independent risk factor of lung cancer. Some studies have shown that the complement system can promote the progression of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. In addition, C1q has also demonstrated to exert a tumor-promoting effect in many tumors. However, the role of C1q in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer still remain unclear. METHODS We selected common differentially expressed genes in IPF and non-small cell lung cancer using datasets from GEO, and investigated common hub gene. The hub genes were validated in IPF by establishing mouse model of IPF and using another four datasets from the GEO. Multiple databases were analyzed including those of Kaplan-Meier Plotter, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER2.0) and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) for NSCLC. RESULTS In this study, 37 common DEGs were identified in IPF and NSCLC including 32 up-regulated genes and 5 down-regulated genes, and C1q was identified as common hub gene. The methylation status of C1q decreased and the expression levels of C1q increased in both lung cancer and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer and IPF patients with high levels of C1q is poor. CONCLUSIONS These results show that C1q participates in pulmonary fibrosis and non-small cell lung cancer, and may be a potential diagnostic / prognostic biomarker or a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Kou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yeifei Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Jianhui Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yawei Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Wenhui Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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Zhang K, Xu L, Cong YS. Telomere Dysfunction in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:739810. [PMID: 34859008 PMCID: PMC8631932 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.739810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is an age-dependent progressive and fatal lung disease of unknown etiology, which is characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix inside the interstitial layer of the lung parenchyma that leads to abnormal scar architecture and compromised lung function capacity. Recent genetic studies have attributed the pathological genes or genetic mutations associated with familial idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and sporadic IPF to telomere-related components, suggesting that telomere dysfunction is an important determinant of this disease. In this study, we summarized recent advances in our understanding of how telomere dysfunction drives IPF genesis. We highlighted the key role of alveolar stem cell dysfunction caused by telomere shortening or telomere uncapping, which bridged the gap between telomere abnormalities and fibrotic lung pathology. We emphasized that senescence-associated secretory phenotypes, innate immune cell infiltration, and/or inflammation downstream of lung stem cell dysfunction influenced the native microenvironment and local cell signals, including increased transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling in the lung, to induce pro-fibrotic conditions. In addition, the failed regeneration of new alveoli due to alveolar stem cell dysfunction might expose lung cells to elevated mechanical tension, which could activate the TGF-β signaling loop to promote the fibrotic process, especially in a periphery-to-center pattern as seen in IPF patients. Understanding the telomere-related molecular and pathophysiological mechanisms of IPF would provide new insights into IPF etiology and therapeutic strategies for this fatal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Sheng Cong
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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Li Y, Sun Y, Wu N, Ma H. GRK2 promotes activation of lung fibroblast cells and contributes to pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis through increasing Smad3 expression. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 322:C63-C72. [PMID: 34852209 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00347.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible interstitial lung disease. Transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-β1) plays a major role in lung fibroblast cell differentiation to myofibroblast cells and production of extracellular matrix, which are hallmarks of pulmonary fibrosis. G protein-coupled receptor kinase-2 (GRK2) has been shown to play controversial roles in TGF-β1-induced signal transduction in different cell types; however, the roles of GRK2 in TGF-β1-induced activation of lung fibroblast cells and development of pulmonary fibrosis have not been revealed. In this study, we found that GRK2 levels were induced in lungs and isolated fibroblast cells in a murine model of pulmonary fibrosis, as well as TGF-β1-treated lung fibroblasts. GRK2 levels were not changed in lungs in the injury phase of pulmonary fibrosis. Post-treatment with GRK2 inhibitor reduced ECM accumulation in lungs in bleomycin-challenged mice, suggesting that GRK2 activation contributes to the progressive phase of pulmonary fibrosis. Inhibition or downregulation of GRK2 attenuates fibronectin, collagen, and α-smooth muscle actin expression in TGF-β1-induced lung fibroblast cells or myofibroblast cells isolated from pulmonary fibrosis patients. Further, we showed that GRK2 regulates Smad3 expression, indicating that inhibition of GRK2 attenuates ECM accumulation through downregulation of Smad3 expression. This study reveals that GRK2 is a therapeutic target in treating pulmonary fibrosis and inhibition of GRK2 dampens pulmonary fibrosis by suppression of Smad3 expression, eventually attenuating TGF-β1 signal pathway and ECM accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Li
- Department of Anesthesia, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Anesthesia, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Haichun Ma
- Department of Anesthesia, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Tetraethylthiuram disulphide alleviates pulmonary fibrosis through modulating transforming growth factor-β signalling. Pharmacol Res 2021; 174:105923. [PMID: 34607006 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) induces significant morbidity and mortality, for which there are limited therapeutic options available. Here, we found that tetraethylthiuram disulphide (disulfiram, DSF), a derivative of thiuram, used in the treatment of alcohol abuse, has an inhibitory effect on bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis via the attenuation of the fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition, migration, and proliferation of fibroblasts. Furthermore, DSF inhibited the activation of primary pulmonary fibroblasts and fibroblast cell line under transforming growth factor-β 1 (TGF-β1) challenge. Mechanistically, the anti-fibrotic effect of DSF on fibroblasts depends on the inhibition of TGF-β signalling. We further determined that DSF interrupts the interaction between SMAD3 and TGF-β receptor Ι (TBR Ι), and identified that DSF directly binds with SMAD3, in which Trp326, Thr330, and Cys332 of SMAD3 are critical binding sites for DSF. Collectively, our results reveal a powerful anti-fibrotic function of DSF in pulmonary fibrosis through the inhibition of TGF-β/SMAD signalling in pulmonary fibroblasts, indicating that DSF is a promising therapeutic candidate for IPF.
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Chicken bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells improve lung and distal organ injury. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17937. [PMID: 34508136 PMCID: PMC8433226 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97383-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are associated with pulmonary protection and longevity. We separated chicken bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs); investigated whether BM-MSCs can improve lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung and distal organ injury; and explored the underlying mechanisms. Ninety-six male ICR (6 weeks old) mice were randomly divided into three groups: Sham, LPS, and LPS + MSC groups. The mice were intratracheally injected with 5 mg/kg LPS to induce acute lung injury (ALI). The histopathological severity of injury to the lung, liver, kidney, heart, and aortic tissues was detected. Wet/dry ratio, protein concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), BALF cell counts, inflammatory cytokine levels in serum, inflammatory cytokine gene expression, and oxidative stress-related indicators were detected. In addition, a survival analysis was performed in sixty male ICR mice (6 weeks old, 18–20 g). This study used chicken BM-MSCs, which are easier to obtain and more convenient than other animal or human MSCs, and have MSC-associated properties, such as a colony forming ability, multilineage differentiation potential, and certain phenotypes. BM-MSCs administration significantly improved the survival rate, systemic inflammation, and the histopathological severity of lung, liver, kidney, and aortic injury during ALI. BM-MSCs administration reduced the levels of inflammatory factors in BALF, the infiltration of neutrophils, and oxidative stress injury in lung tissue. In addition, BM-MSCs administration reduced TRL4 and Mdy88 mRNA expression during ALI. Chicken BM-MSCs serve as a potential alternative resource for stem cell therapy and exert a prominent effect on LPS-induced ALI and extrapulmonary injury, in part through TRL4/Mdy88 signaling and inhibition of neutrophil inflammation and oxidative stress injury.
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Casili G, Scuderi SA, Lanza M, Filippone A, Basilotta R, Mannino D, Campolo M, Esposito E, Paterniti I. The protective role of prolyl oligopeptidase (POP) inhibition in acute lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion. Oncotarget 2021; 12:1663-1676. [PMID: 34434495 PMCID: PMC8378771 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (II/R) develops when the blood flow to the intestines decreases, followed by the reestablishment of the blood supply to the ischemic tissue, resulting in intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction, with consequent severe local and systemic inflammation. Acute lung injury (ALI) represents the most serious complication after II/R. KYP-2047 is a selective inhibitor of prolyl oligopeptidase (POP), a serine protease involved in the release of pro-angiogenic and inflammatory molecules. The aim of the present study is to assess the effects of POP-inhibition mediated by KYP-2047 treatment in the pathophysiology of ALI following II/R. An in vivo model of II/R was performed and mice were subjected to KYP-2047 treatment (intraperitoneal, 1, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg). Histological analysis, Masson’s trichrome staining, immunohistochemical, immunofluorescence, biochemical and western blots analysis were performed on ileum and lung samples. KYP-2047 treatment ameliorated histological alteration in ileum and lung, reduced collagen amount and lowered inflammatory protein levels. Moreover, TGF-β1, eNOS, VEGF and CD34 positive staining has been modulated; also, a reduction in apoptosis expression was confirmed. This research revealed the strong anti-inflammatory potential of KYP-2047 associated to its modulatory role on angiogenesis and apoptosis, suggesting POP as a novel therapeutic target for ALI after II/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Casili
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sarah Adriana Scuderi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Lanza
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessia Filippone
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Rossella Basilotta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Deborah Mannino
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Michela Campolo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Irene Paterniti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Surgical treatment for patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer: postoperative acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and outcomes. Surg Today 2021; 52:736-744. [PMID: 34347162 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-021-02343-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia in patients with interstitial lung disease and lung cancer has emerged as a serious problem. Therefore, we need to determine the risk factors for the development of postoperative exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia in this population. There are several subtypes of interstitial lung disease, which may lead to confusion about the treatment of patients with interstitial lung disease and lung cancer. Among the idiopathic forms of interstitial lung disease, we focused on idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and reviewed the surgical treatments used for patients with IPF and lung cancer.
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45
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Liu Y, Ding Y, Hou Y, Yu T, Nie H, Cui Y. The miR-130a-3p/TGF-βRII Axis Participates in Inhibiting the Differentiation of Fibroblasts Induced by TGF-β1. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:732540. [PMID: 34393805 PMCID: PMC8355625 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.732540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic progressive interstitial lung disease that has a poor prognosis. Abnormal activation of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) plays a crucial role in fibroblast differentiation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are currently being considered for the treatment of PF, but the regulatory mechanisms are poorly understood. We co-cultured bone marrow-derived MSCs and mouse lung fibroblasts (MLg) in the presence of TGF-β1, and studied the protein/mRNA expression of fibrosis markers and related signaling pathways. The effects of miR-130a-3p and TGF-β receptor II (TGF-βRII) on the differentiation of MLg induced by TGF-β1 were studied using immunofluorescence assay, Western blot, and quantitative real-time PCR techniques, respectively. Our results showed that MSCs reversed the overexpression of fibrosis markers and TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway proteins and mRNAs after TGF-β1 treatment and increased the level of miR-130a-3p. TGF-βRII was identified as a target of miR-130a-3p and was evaluated by dual-luciferase reporter assay. The miR-130a-3p/TGF-βRII axis could suppress the differentiation of lung fibroblasts via the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway, thereby reducing the process of PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Liu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Ding
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yapeng Hou
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tong Yu
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongguang Nie
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yong Cui
- Departments of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Liu C, He Y. [Research Progress in the Pathogenesis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis with Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2021; 23:695-700. [PMID: 32838491 PMCID: PMC7467990 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2020.102.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
特发性肺纤维化(idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, IPF)是一种原因不明,以弥漫性肺泡炎和肺泡结构紊乱最终导致肺间质纤维化为特征的疾病。针对IPF尚无有效的治疗手段,主要以延缓疾病进展、改善患者生活质量为主。而目前IPF合并肺癌(IPF with lung cancer, IPF-LC)的发病率越来越高,致使患者死亡率明显增加、生活质量显著下降。IPF-LC多见于男性、高龄和吸烟者,是一种临床表现缺乏特异性、无明确治疗方案、中位生存期短、预后较差的致死性疾病。目前IPF-LC发病机制及治疗方案尚不明确。本文就目前IPF-LC的危险因素、发病机制、临床特征和治疗的相关研究进展作简要综述。
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumuqi 830000, China
| | - Yuanbing He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumuqi 830000, China
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Liang Q, Chang Y, Liu J, Yu Y, Qiu W, Li J, Yang X, Sun G. P-Rex1 Cooperates With TGFβR2 to Drive Lung Fibroblast Migration in Pulmonary Fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:678733. [PMID: 34349645 PMCID: PMC8326510 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.678733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a kind of interstitial lung disease with progressive pulmonary scar formation, leading to irreversible loss of lung functions. The TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway plays a key role in fibrogenic processes. It is associated with the increased synthesis of extracellular matrix, enhanced proliferation of fibroblasts, and transformation of alveolar epithelial cells into interstitial cells. We investigated P-Rex1, a PIP3-Gβγ-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rac, for its potential role in TGF-β1-induced pulmonary fibrosis. A high expression level of P-Rex1 was identified in the lung tissue of patients with pulmonary fibrosis than that from healthy donors. Using the P-Rex1 knockdown and overexpression system, we established a novel player of P-Rex1 in mouse lung fibroblast migration. P-Rex1 contributed to fibrogenic processes in lung fibroblasts by targeting the TGF-β type Ⅱ receptor (TGFβR2). The RNA-seq analysis for expression profiling confirmed the modulation of P-Rex1 in cell migration and the involvement of P-Rex1 in TGF-β1 signaling. These results identified P-Rex1 as a signaling molecule involved in TGF-β1-induced pulmonary fibrosis, suggesting that P-Rex1 may be a potential target for pulmonary fibrosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanhua Chang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wancheng Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangchun Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Ghumman M, Dhamecha D, Gonsalves A, Fortier L, Sorkhdini P, Zhou Y, Menon JU. Emerging drug delivery strategies for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis treatment. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 164:1-12. [PMID: 33882301 PMCID: PMC8154728 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a debilitating and fatal condition that causes severe scarring of the lungs. While the pathogenesis of IPF continues to be extensively studied and several factors have been considered, an exact cause has yet to be established. With inadequate treatment options and no cure available, overall disease prognosis is still poor. Existing oral therapies, pirfenidone and nintedanib, may attempt to improve the patients' quality of life by mitigating symptoms and slowing disease progression, however chronic doses and systemic deliveries of these drugs can lead to severe side effects. The lack of effective treatment options calls for further investigation of restorative as well as additional palliative therapies for IPF. Nanoparticle-based sustained drug delivery strategies can be utilized to ensure targeted delivery for site-specific treatment as well as long-acting therapy, improving overall patient compliance. This review provides an update on promising strategies for the delivery of anti-fibrotic agents, along with an overview of key therapeutic targets as well as relevant emerging therapies currently being evaluated for IPF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moez Ghumman
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Dinesh Dhamecha
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Andrea Gonsalves
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Lauren Fortier
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Parand Sorkhdini
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
| | - Jyothi U Menon
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA.
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49
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Reyes-García J, Montaño LM, Carbajal-García A, Wang YX. Sex Hormones and Lung Inflammation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1304:259-321. [PMID: 34019274 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-68748-9_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a characteristic marker in numerous lung disorders. Several immune cells, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, eosinophils, as well as T and B lymphocytes, synthetize and release cytokines involved in the inflammatory process. Gender differences in the incidence and severity of inflammatory lung ailments including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis (PF), lung cancer (LC), and infectious related illnesses have been reported. Moreover, the effects of sex hormones on both androgens and estrogens, such as testosterone (TES) and 17β-estradiol (E2), driving characteristic inflammatory patterns in those lung inflammatory diseases have been investigated. In general, androgens seem to display anti-inflammatory actions, whereas estrogens produce pro-inflammatory effects. For instance, androgens regulate negatively inflammation in asthma by targeting type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) and T-helper (Th)-2 cells to attenuate interleukin (IL)-17A-mediated responses and leukotriene (LT) biosynthesis pathway. Estrogens may promote neutrophilic inflammation in subjects with asthma and COPD. Moreover, the activation of estrogen receptors might induce tumorigenesis. In this chapter, we summarize the most recent advances in the functional roles and associated signaling pathways of inflammatory cellular responses in asthma, COPD, PF, LC, and newly occurring COVID-19 disease. We also meticulously deliberate the influence of sex steroids on the development and progress of these common and severe lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Reyes-García
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Luis M Montaño
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Abril Carbajal-García
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.
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50
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Zhang L, Qu S, Wang L, Wang C, Yu Q, Zhang Z, Diao Y, Zhang B, Li Y, Shi Y, Wang P. Tianlongkechuanling Inhibits Pulmonary Fibrosis Through Down-Regulation of Arginase-Ornithine Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:661129. [PMID: 33995084 PMCID: PMC8114272 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.661129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pulmonary Fibrosis (PF) is an interstitial lung disease characterized by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix in the lungs, which disrupts the structure and gas exchange of the alveoli. There are only two approved therapies for PF, nintedanib (Nib) and pirfenidone. Therefore, the use of Chinese medicine for PF is attracting attention. Tianlongkechuanling (TL) is an effective Chinese formula that has been applied clinically to alleviate PF, which can enhance lung function and quality of life. Purpose: The potential effects and specific mechanisms of TL have not been fully explored, yet. In the present study, proteomics was performed to explore the therapeutic protein targets of TL on Bleomycin (BLM)-induced Pulmonary Fibrosis. Method: BLM-induced PF mice models were established. Hematoxylineosin staining and Masson staining were used to analyze histopathological changes and collagen deposition. To screen the differential proteins expression between the Control, BLM, BLM + TL and BLM + Nib (BLM + nintedanib) groups, quantitative proteomics was performed using tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling with nanoLC-MS/MS [nano liquid chromatographymass spectrometry]). Changes in the profiles of the expressed proteins were analyzed using the bioinformatics tools Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). The protein–protein interactions (PPI) were established by STRING. Expressions of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), Collagen I (Col1a1), Fibronectin (Fn1) and enzymes in arginase-ornithine pathway were detected by Western blot or RT-PCR. Result: TL treatments significantly ameliorated BLM-induced collagen deposition in lung tissues. Moreover, TL can inhibit the protein expressions of α-SMA and the mRNA expressions of Col1a1 and Fn1. Using TMT technology, we observed 253 differentially expressed proteins related to PPI networks and involved different KEGG pathways. Arginase-ornithine pathway is highly significant. The expression of arginase1 (Arg1), carbamoyltransferase (OTC), carbamoy-phosphate synthase (CPS1), argininosuccinate synthase (ASS1), ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) argininosuccinate lyase (ASL) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was significantly decreased after TL treatments. Conclusion: Administration of TL in BLM-induced mice resulted in decreasing pulmonary fibrosis. Our findings propose that the down regulation of arginase-ornithine pathway expression with the reduction of arginase biosynthesis is a central mechanism and potential treatment for pulmonary fibrosis with the prevention of TL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Sihao Qu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chunguo Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghe Yu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yirui Diao
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Binbin Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yadong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Shenzhen Research Institute, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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