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Wang X, Geng X, Bi X, Li R, Chen Y, Lu C. Genome-wide identification of AOX family genes in Moso bamboo and functional analysis of PeAOX1b_2 in drought and salinity stress tolerance. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:2321-2339. [PMID: 36063182 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02923-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Five PeAOX genes from Moso bamboo genome were identified. PeAOX1b_2-OE improved tolerance to drought and salinity stress in Arabidopsis, indicating it is involved in positive regulation of abiotic stress response. Mitochondrial alternative oxidase (AOX), the important respiratory terminal oxidase in organisms, catalyzes the energy wasteful cyanide (CN)-resistant respiration, which can improve abiotic stresses tolerance and is considered as one of the functional markers for plant resistance breeding. Here, a total of five putative AOX genes (PeAOXs) were identified and characterized in a monocotyledonous woody grass Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that PeAOXs belonged to AOX1 subfamily, and were named PeAOX1a_1, PeAOX1a_2, PeAOX1b_1, PeAOX1b_2 and PeAOX1c, respectively. Evolutionary and divergence patterns analysis revealed that the PeAOX, OsAOX, and BdAOX families experienced positive purifying selection and may have undergone a large-scale duplication event roughly 1.35-155.90 million years ago. Additionally, the organ-specific expression analysis showed that 80% of PeAOX members were mainly expressed in leaf. Promoter sequence analysis of PeAOXs revealed cis-acting regulatory elements (CAREs) responding to abiotic stress. Most PeAOX genes were significantly upregulated after methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. Moreover, under salinity and drought stresses, the ectopic overexpression of PeAOX1b_2 in Arabidopsis enhanced seed germination and seedling establishment, increased the total respiratory rate and the proportion of AOX respiratory pathway in leaf, and enhanced antioxidant ability, suggesting that PeAOX1b_2 is crucial for abiotic stress resistance in Moso bamboo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xin Geng
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xiaorui Bi
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Rongchen Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yuzhen Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Cunfu Lu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Total and Mitochondrial Transcriptomic and Proteomic Insights into Regulation of Bioenergetic Processes for Shoot Fast-Growth Initiation in Moso Bamboo. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071240. [PMID: 35406802 PMCID: PMC8997719 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As a fast-growing, woody grass plant, Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) can supply edible shoots, building materials, fibrous raw material, raw materials for crafts and furniture and so on within a relatively short time. Rapid growth of Moso bamboo occurs after the young bamboo shoots are covered with a shell and emerge from the ground. However, the molecular reactions of bioenergetic processes essential for fast growth remain undefined. Herein, total and mitochondrial transcriptomes and proteomes were compared between spring and winter shoots. Numerous key genes and proteins responsible for energy metabolism were significantly upregulated in spring shoots, including those involved in starch and sucrose catabolism, glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, the tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Accordingly, significant decreases in starch and soluble sugar, higher ATP content and higher rates of respiration and glycolysis were identified in spring shoots. Further, the upregulated genes and proteins related to mitochondrial fission significantly increased the number of mitochondria, indirectly promoting intracellular energy metabolism. Moreover, enhanced alternate-oxidase and uncoupled-protein pathways in winter shoots showed that an efficient energy-dissipating system was important for winter shoots to adapt to the low-temperature environment. Heterologous expression of PeAOX1b in Arabidopsis significantly affected seedling growth and enhanced cold-stress tolerance. Overall, this study highlights the power of comparing total and mitochondrial omics and integrating physiochemical data to understand how bamboo initiates fast growth through modulating bioenergetic processes.
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López Sánchez A, Hernández Luelmo S, Izquierdo Y, López B, Cascón T, Castresana C. Mitochondrial Stress Induces Plant Resistance Through Chromatin Changes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:704964. [PMID: 34630455 PMCID: PMC8493246 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.704964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Plants respond more efficiently when confronted with previous similar stress. In the case of pathogens, this memory of a previous infection confers resistance to future ones, which possesses a high potential for agricultural purposes. Some of the defense elements involved in this resistance phenotype, as well as epigenetic mechanisms participating in the maintenance of the memory, are currently known. However, the intracellular cascade from pathogen perception until the establishment of the epigenetic memory is still unexplored. Here, through the induction of mitochondrial stress by exogenous applications of Antimycin A in Arabidopsis thaliana plants, we discovered and characterized a role of mitochondrial stress in plant-induced resistance. Mitochondrial stress-induced resistance (MS-IR) is effective locally, systemically, within generation and transgenerationally. Mechanistically, MS-IR seems to be mediated by priming of defense gene transcription caused by epigenetic changes. On one hand, we observed an increment in the deposition of H3K4me3 (a positive epigenetic mark) at the promoter region of the primed genes, and, on the other hand, the DNA (de)methylation machinery seems to be required for the transmission of MS-IR to the following generations. Finally, we observed that MS-IR is broad spectrum, restricting the colonization by pathogens from different kingdoms and lifestyles. Altogether, this evidence positions mitochondria as a prominent organelle in environment sensing, acting as an integrating platform to process external and internal signals, triggering the appropriate response, and inducing the epigenetic memory of the stress to better react against future stressful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana López Sánchez
- Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Carmen Castresana
- Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
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López Sánchez A, Hernández Luelmo S, Izquierdo Y, López B, Cascón T, Castresana C. Mitochondrial Stress Induces Plant Resistance Through Chromatin Changes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:704964. [PMID: 34630455 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.704964/full] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Plants respond more efficiently when confronted with previous similar stress. In the case of pathogens, this memory of a previous infection confers resistance to future ones, which possesses a high potential for agricultural purposes. Some of the defense elements involved in this resistance phenotype, as well as epigenetic mechanisms participating in the maintenance of the memory, are currently known. However, the intracellular cascade from pathogen perception until the establishment of the epigenetic memory is still unexplored. Here, through the induction of mitochondrial stress by exogenous applications of Antimycin A in Arabidopsis thaliana plants, we discovered and characterized a role of mitochondrial stress in plant-induced resistance. Mitochondrial stress-induced resistance (MS-IR) is effective locally, systemically, within generation and transgenerationally. Mechanistically, MS-IR seems to be mediated by priming of defense gene transcription caused by epigenetic changes. On one hand, we observed an increment in the deposition of H3K4me3 (a positive epigenetic mark) at the promoter region of the primed genes, and, on the other hand, the DNA (de)methylation machinery seems to be required for the transmission of MS-IR to the following generations. Finally, we observed that MS-IR is broad spectrum, restricting the colonization by pathogens from different kingdoms and lifestyles. Altogether, this evidence positions mitochondria as a prominent organelle in environment sensing, acting as an integrating platform to process external and internal signals, triggering the appropriate response, and inducing the epigenetic memory of the stress to better react against future stressful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana López Sánchez
- Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Yovanny Izquierdo
- Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bran López
- Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Cascón
- Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Castresana
- Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
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Zhao H, Yang A, Kong L, Xie F, Wang H, Ao X. Proteome characterization of two contrasting soybean genotypes in response to different phosphorus treatments. AOB PLANTS 2021; 13:plab019. [PMID: 34150189 PMCID: PMC8209930 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plab019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for the growth and development of plants. Soybean (Glycine max) is an important food crop that is grown worldwide. Soybean yield is significantly affected by P deficiency in the soil. To investigate the molecular factors that determine the response and tolerance at low-P in soybean, we conducted a comparative proteomics study of a genotype with low-P tolerance (Liaodou 13, L13) and a genotype with low-P sensitivity (Tiefeng 3, T3) in a paper culture experiment with three P treatments, i.e. P-free (0 mmol·L-1), low-P (0.05 mmol·L-1) and normal-P (0.5 mmol·L-1). A total of 4126 proteins were identified in roots of the two genotypes. Increased numbers of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were obtained from low-P to P-free conditions compared to the normal-P treatment. All DEPs obtained in L13 (660) were upregulated in response to P deficiency, while most DEPs detected in T3 (133) were downregulated under P deficiency. Important metabolic pathways such as oxidative phosphorylation, glutathione metabolism and carbon metabolism were suppressed in T3, which could have affected the survival of the plants in P-limited soil. In contrast, L13 increased the metabolic activity in the 2-oxocarboxylic acid metabolism, carbon metabolism, glycolysis, biosynthesis of amino acids, pentose phosphatase, oxidative phosphorylation, other types of O-glycan biosynthesis and riboflavin metabolic pathways in order to maintain normal plant growth under P deficiency. Three key proteins I1KW20 (prohibitins), I1K3U8 (alpha-amylase inhibitors) and C6SZ93 (alpha-amylase inhibitors) were suggested as potential biomarkers for screening soybean genotypes with low-P tolerance. Overall, this study provides new insights into the response and tolerance to P deficiency in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Ahui Yang
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Lingjian Kong
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Futi Xie
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Haiying Wang
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xue Ao
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
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Xia F, Cheng H, Chen L, Zhu H, Mao P, Wang M. Influence of exogenous ascorbic acid and glutathione priming on mitochondrial structural and functional systems to alleviate aging damage in oat seeds. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:104. [PMID: 32138669 PMCID: PMC7059392 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-2321-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of vigor caused by seed aging adversely affects agricultural production under natural conditions. However, priming is an economical and effective method for improving the vigor of aged seeds. The objective of this study was to test the effectiveness of exogenous ascorbic acid (ASC) and glutathione (GSH) priming in the repairing of aged oat (Avena sativa) seeds, and to test the hypothesis that structural and functional systems in mitochondria were involved in this process. RESULTS Oat seeds were artificially aged for 20 days at 45 °C, and were primed with solutions (1 mmol L- 1) of ASC, GSH, or ASC + GSH at 20 °C for 0.5 h before or after their aging. Seed germination, antioxidant enzymes in the ASC-GSH cycle, cytochrome c oxidase (COX) and mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase (MDH) activities, and the mitochondrial ultrastructures of the embryonic root cells were markedly improved in aged oat seeds through post-priming with ASC, GSH, or ASC + GSH, while their malondialdehyde and H2O2 contents decreased significantly (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our results suggested that priming with ASC, GSH, or ASC + GSH after aging could effectively alleviate aging damage in oat seeds, and that the role of ASC was more effective than GSH, but positive effects of post-priming with ASC and GSH were not superior to post-priming with ASC in repairing aging damage of aged oat seeds. However, pre-priming with ASC, GSH, or ASC + GSH was not effective in oat seeds, suggesting that pre-priming with ASC, GSH, or ASC + GSH could not inhibit the occurrence of aging damage in oat seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangshan Xia
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801 China
- Forage Seed Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of Grassland Science, China Agricultural University, No 2, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian Distr, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Hang Cheng
- Forage Seed Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of Grassland Science, China Agricultural University, No 2, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian Distr, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Lingling Chen
- Forage Seed Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of Grassland Science, China Agricultural University, No 2, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian Distr, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Huisen Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801 China
| | - Peisheng Mao
- Forage Seed Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of Grassland Science, China Agricultural University, No 2, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian Distr, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Mingya Wang
- Forage Seed Laboratory/Beijing Key Laboratory of Grassland Science, China Agricultural University, No 2, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian Distr, Beijing, 100193 China
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