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Machmouchi D, Courageot MP, Ogire E, Redecke L, Kohl A, Desprès P, Roche M. The NS1 protein of contemporary West African Zika virus potentiates viral replication and reduces innate immune activation. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0012146. [PMID: 39178324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Mosquito-borne Zika virus (ZIKV) from sub-Saharan Africa has recently gained attention due to its epidemic potential and its capacity to be highly teratogenic. To improve our knowledge on currently circulating strains of African ZIKV, we conducted protein sequence alignment and identified contemporary West Africa NS1 (NS1CWA) protein as a highly conserved viral protein. Comparison of NS1CWA with the NS1 of the historical African ZIKV strain MR766 (NS1MR766), revealed seven amino acid substitutions. The effects of NS1 mutations on protein expression, virus replication, and innate immune activation were assessed in human cells using recombinant NS1 proteins and a chimeric viral clone MR766 with NS1CWA replacing NS1MR766. Our data indicated higher secretion efficiency of NS1CWA compared to NS1MR766 associated with a change in subcellular distribution. A chimeric MR766 virus with NS1CWA instead of authentic protein displayed a greater viral replication efficiency, leading to more pronounced cell death compared to parental virus. Enhanced viral growth was associated with reduced activation of innate immunity. Our data raise questions of the importance of NS1 protein in the pathogenicity of contemporary ZIKV from sub-Saharan Africa and point to differences within viral strains of African lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Machmouchi
- Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), Université de La Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | | | - Eva Ogire
- Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), Université de La Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - Lars Redecke
- University of Luebeck, Institute of Biochemistry, Luebeck, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), Photon Science, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alain Kohl
- Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Departments of Tropical Disease Biology and Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Glasgow, United-Kingdom
| | - Philippe Desprès
- Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), Université de La Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - Marjolaine Roche
- Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical (PIMIT), Université de La Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS 9192, IRD 249, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Sainte-Clotilde, La Réunion, France
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2
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Huang WY, Hong KK, Luo J, He RQ, Huang ZG, Xu Y, Zhang CY, Bao CX, Zhang LM, Chen G, Kong JL. Construction of a panoramic mRNA map of adult noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis and a preliminary study of the underlying molecular mechanisms. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:413. [PMID: 39127654 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01994-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis in adults is complex, and the relevant molecular mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, we constructed a panoramic map of bronchiectasis mRNA, explored the potential molecular mechanisms, and identified potential therapeutic targets, thus providing a new clinical perspective for the preventive management of bronchiectasis and its acute exacerbation. METHODS The mRNA profiles of peripheral blood and bronchiectasis tissues were obtained through transcriptome sequencing and public databases, and bioinformatics methods were used to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The DEGs were then subjected to biological function and pathway analyses. Some DEGs were validated using a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in peripheral blood. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to analyse the correlation between DEGs and clinical indicators. RESULTS Based on transcriptome sequencing and public databases, the mRNA profile of bronchiectasis was determined. DEGs were obtained from the peripheral blood sequencing dataset (985 DEGs), tissue sequencing dataset (2919 DEGs), and GSE97258 dataset (1083 DEGs). Bioinformatics analysis showed that upregulated DEGs had enriched neutrophil-related pathways, and downregulated DEGs had enriched ribosome-related pathways. RT-qPCR testing confirmed the upregulated expression of VCAN, SESTD1, SLC12A1, CD177, IFI44L, SIGLEC1, and RSAD2 in bronchiectasis. These genes were related to many clinical parameters, such as neutrophils, C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Transcriptomic methods were used to construct a panoramic map of bronchiectasis mRNA expression. The findings showed that neutrophil activation, chronic inflammation, immune regulation, impaired ribosomal function, oxidative phosphorylation, and energy metabolism disorders are important factors in the development of bronchiectasis. VCAN, SESTD1, SLC12A1, CD177, IFI44L, SIGLEC1, and RSAD2 may play important roles in the pathogenesis of bronchiectasis and are potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ying Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Kang-Kang Hong
- Ward of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Ward of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Rong-Quan He
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhi-Guang Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Ward of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chu-Yue Zhang
- Ward of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chong-Xi Bao
- Ward of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Liang-Ming Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Jin-Liang Kong
- Ward of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Chen S, Ye J, Lin Y, Chen W, Huang S, Yang Q, Qian H, Gao S, Hua C. Crucial Roles of RSAD2/viperin in Immunomodulation, Mitochondrial Metabolism and Autoimmune Diseases. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02076-5. [PMID: 38909344 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02076-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are typically characterized by aberrant activation of immune system that leads to excessive inflammatory reactions and tissue damage. Nevertheless, precise targeted and efficient therapies are limited. Thus, studies into novel therapeutic targets for the management of autoimmune diseases are urgently needed. Radical S-adenosyl methionine domain-containing 2 (RSAD2) is an interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) renowned for the antiviral properties of the protein it encodes, named viperin. An increasing number of studies have underscored the new roles of RSAD2/viperin in immunomodulation and mitochondrial metabolism. Previous studies have shown that there is a complex interplay between RSAD2/vipeirn and mitochondria and that binding of the iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster is necessary for the involvement of viperin in mitochondrial metabolism. Viperin influences the proliferation and development of immune cells as well as inflammation via different signaling pathways. However, the function of RSAD2/viperin varies in different studies and a comprehensive overview of this emerging theme is lacking. This review will describe the characteristics of RSAD2/viperin, decipher its function in immunometabolic processes, and clarify the crosstalk between RSAD2/viperin and mitochondria. Furthermore, we emphasize the crucial roles of RSAD2 in autoimmune diseases and its potential application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyan Chen
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jiani Ye
- School of the 2nd Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yinfang Lin
- School of the 1st Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Wenxiu Chen
- School of the 1st Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Shenghao Huang
- School of the 2nd Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Qianru Yang
- School of the 1st Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Hengrong Qian
- School of the 2nd Clinical Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Sheng Gao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Chunyan Hua
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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4
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Premraj A, Aleyas AG, Nautiyal B, Rasool TJ. Viperin from the dromedary camel: First report of an antiviral interferon-responsive gene from camelids. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 147:104754. [PMID: 37295628 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2023.104754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Viral infections activate pattern recognition receptors in the host, triggering an innate immune response that involves the production of interferons, which, in turn, stimulates the expression of antiviral effector genes. Viperin is one of the most highly induced interferon-stimulated genes and displays broad antiviral activity, especially against tick-borne viruses. Of late, camelid-borne zoonotic viruses have been on the rise in the Arabian Peninsula, but research into camelid antiviral effector genes has been limited. This is the first report of an interferon-responsive gene from the mammalian suborder Tylopoda to which modern camels belong. From camel kidney cells treated with dsRNA mimetic, we cloned viperin cDNA encoding 361 amino acid protein. Sequence analysis of camel viperin reveals high levels of amino acid conservation, particularly within the RSAD domain. Compared to kidney, the relative mRNA expression of viperin was higher in blood, lung, spleen, lymph nodes, and intestines. The in-vitro expression of viperin was induced by poly(I:C) and interferon treatment in camel kidney cell lines. Viperin expression was subdued in camel kidney cells infected with the camelpox virus during the early stages of infection, suggesting possible suppression by the virus. Overexpression of camel viperin through transient transfection significantly enhanced the resistance of cultured camel kidney cell lines to infection with camelpox virus. Research into the role of viperin in host immunity against emerging viral pathogens of camels will provide insight into novel mechanisms of antiviral activity of the protein, viral immune evasion strategies, and enable the development of better antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Premraj
- Camel Biotechnology Center, Presidential Camels & Camel Racing Affairs Centre, Department of the President's Affairs, PO Box 17292, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abi George Aleyas
- Camel Biotechnology Center, Presidential Camels & Camel Racing Affairs Centre, Department of the President's Affairs, PO Box 17292, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Binita Nautiyal
- Camel Biotechnology Center, Presidential Camels & Camel Racing Affairs Centre, Department of the President's Affairs, PO Box 17292, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Thaha Jamal Rasool
- Camel Biotechnology Center, Presidential Camels & Camel Racing Affairs Centre, Department of the President's Affairs, PO Box 17292, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
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5
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Hu H, Feng Y, He ML. Targeting Type I Interferon Induction and Signaling: How Zika Virus Escapes from Host Innate Immunity. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:3015-3028. [PMID: 37416780 PMCID: PMC10321277 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.83056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection causes neurological disorders and draws great attention. ZIKV infection can elicit a wide range of immune response. Type I interferons (IFNs) as well as its signaling cascade play crucial role in innate immunity against ZIKV infection and in turn ZIKV can antagonize them. ZIKV genome are mainly recognized by Toll-like receptors 3 (TLR3), TLR7/8 and RIG-I-like receptor 1 (RIG-1), which induces the expression of Type I IFNs and interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). ISGs exert antiviral activity at different stages of the ZIKV life cycle. On the other hand, ZIKV takes multiple strategies to antagonize the Type Ⅰ IFN induction and its signaling pathway to establish a pathogenic infection, especially by using the viral nonstructural (NS) proteins. Most of the NS proteins can directly interact with the factors in the pathways to escape the innate immunity. In addition, structural proteins also participate in the innate immune evasion and activation of antibody-binding of blood dendritic cell antigen 2 (BDCA2) or inflammasome also be used to enhance ZIKV replication. In this review, we summarize the recent findings about the interaction between ZIKV infection and type I IFNs pathways and suggest potential strategies for antiviral drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Hu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yaxiu Feng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ming-Liang He
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
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6
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Shanaka KASN, Jung S, Madushani KP, Wijerathna HMSM, Neranjan Tharuka MD, Kim MJ, Lee J. Generation of viperin-knockout zebrafish by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome engineering and the effect of this mutation under VHSV infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 131:672-681. [PMID: 36309322 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Viperin is an important virus-induced protein in animals that negatively participates in RNA viral replication and transcription. The reactive machinery of viperin suggests that it produces a regulatory molecule ddhCTP, which may affect immune regulation. In this study, we investigated the expression pattern of viperin in larval and adult stages of zebrafish by whole-mount in situ hybridization and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). To elucidate the function of viperin, we generated a zebrafish knockout model using the CRISPR/Cas9 method and evaluated the mutation's effects under viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) infections. In zebrafish larvae, viperin was expressed in the brain region, eye, and pharynx, which was confirmed by cryosectioning. In adult zebrafish, blood cells showed the highest levels of viperin expression. In 5 dpf fish challenged with VHSV, the expression of the viral NP protein was significantly enhanced in viperin-/- compared to wild-type fish. In vitro VHSV propagation analysis indicated comparatively higher levels of virus propagation in viperin-/- fish. Mortality analysis confirmed higher mortality rates, and interferon gene expression analysis showed a strong upregulation of interferon (ifn)φ1 and 3 gene in viperin-/- fish infected with VHSV. This study describes the successful generation of a viperin-knockout model and the role of viperin during VHSV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A S N Shanaka
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self, Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumi Jung
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self, Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - K P Madushani
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self, Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - H M S M Wijerathna
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self, Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - M D Neranjan Tharuka
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self, Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Jin Kim
- Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources, Sangju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 37242, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Fish Vaccine Research Center, Jeju National University, Jeju Self, Governing Province, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju Self-Governing Province, 63333, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Reslan A, Haddad JG, Desprès P, Bascands JL, Gadea G. High Glucose Induces in HK2 Kidney Cells an IFN–Dependent ZIKV Antiviral Status Fueled by Viperin. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071577. [PMID: 35884880 PMCID: PMC9313244 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus that rapidly became a major medical concern worldwide. We have recently reported that a high glucose level decreases the rate of Zika virus (ZIKV) replication with an impact on human kidney HK-2 cell survival. However, the mechanisms by which cells cultured in a high glucose medium inhibit ZIKV growth remain unclear. Viperin belongs to interferon-stimulated genes (ISG) and its expression is highly up-regulated upon viral infection, leading to antiviral activity against a variety of viruses, including flaviviruses. As such, viperin has been shown to be a major actor involved in the innate immune response against Zika virus (ZIKV). Our present study aims to further characterize the involvement of viperin in ZIKV growth inhibition under high glucose concentration (HK-2HGC). We show for the first time that endogenous viperin is over-expressed in HK-2 cells cultured under high glucose concentration (HK-2HGC), which is associated with ZIKV growth inhibition. Viperin knockdown in HK-2HGC rescues ZIKV growth. In addition, our results emphasize that up-regulated viperin in HK-2HGC leads to ZIKV growth inhibition through the stimulation of IFN-β production. In summary, our work provides new insights into the ZIKV growth inhibition mechanism observed in HK-2 cells cultured in a high glucose environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alawiya Reslan
- Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (A.R.); (J.G.H.); (P.D.)
- Unité Mixte Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1188, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France
| | - Juliano G. Haddad
- Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (A.R.); (J.G.H.); (P.D.)
| | - Philippe Desprès
- Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (A.R.); (J.G.H.); (P.D.)
| | - Jean-Loup Bascands
- Unité Mixte Diabète Athérothrombose Thérapies Réunion Océan Indien, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1188, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France
- Correspondence: (J.-L.B.); (G.G.); Tel.: +262-262-938-806 (G.G.)
| | - Gilles Gadea
- Unité Mixte Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical, Plateforme Technologique CYROI, Université de la Réunion, INSERM U1187, CNRS UMR 9192, IRD UMR 249, 94791 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France; (A.R.); (J.G.H.); (P.D.)
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, INSERM U1194, IRCM, F-34298 Montpellier, France
- Correspondence: (J.-L.B.); (G.G.); Tel.: +262-262-938-806 (G.G.)
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8
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Hsu JCC, Laurent-Rolle M, Pawlak JB, Xia H, Kunte A, Hee JS, Lim J, Harris LD, Wood JM, Evans GB, Shi PY, Grove TL, Almo SC, Cresswell P. Viperin triggers ribosome collision-dependent translation inhibition to restrict viral replication. Mol Cell 2022; 82:1631-1642.e6. [PMID: 35316659 PMCID: PMC9081181 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Innate immune responses induce hundreds of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Viperin, a member of the radical S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) superfamily of enzymes, is the product of one such ISG that restricts the replication of a broad spectrum of viruses. Here, we report a previously unknown antiviral mechanism in which viperin activates a ribosome collision-dependent pathway that inhibits both cellular and viral RNA translation. We found that the radical SAM activity of viperin is required for translation inhibition and that this is mediated by viperin's enzymatic product, 3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydro-CTP (ddhCTP). Viperin triggers ribosome collisions and activates the MAPKKK ZAK pathway that in turn activates the GCN2 arm of the integrated stress response pathway to inhibit translation. The study illustrates the importance of translational repression in the antiviral response and identifies viperin as a translation regulator in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Chun-Chieh Hsu
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Maudry Laurent-Rolle
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Joanna B Pawlak
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Hongjie Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Amit Kunte
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jia Shee Hee
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jaechul Lim
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Lawrence D Harris
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand; The Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - James M Wood
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand; The Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Gary B Evans
- The Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington 6012, New Zealand; The Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Pei-Yong Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Institute for Drug Discovery, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Tyler L Grove
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Steven C Almo
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Peter Cresswell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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9
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Lesage S, Chazal M, Beauclair G, Batalie D, Cerboni S, Couderc E, Lescure A, Del Nery E, Tangy F, Martin A, Manel N, Jouvenet N. Discovery of Genes that Modulate Flavivirus Replication in an Interferon-Dependent Manner. J Mol Biol 2022; 434:167277. [PMID: 34599939 PMCID: PMC8480147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Establishment of the interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral state provides a crucial initial line of defense against viral infection. Numerous genes that contribute to this antiviral state remain to be identified. Using a loss-of-function strategy, we screened an original library of 1156 siRNAs targeting 386 individual curated human genes in stimulated microglial cells infected with Zika virus (ZIKV), an emerging RNA virus that belongs to the flavivirus genus. The screen recovered twenty-one potential host proteins that modulate ZIKV replication in an IFN-dependent manner, including the previously known IFITM3 and LY6E. Further characterization contributed to delineate the spectrum of action of these genes towards other pathogenic RNA viruses, including Hepatitis C virus and SARS-CoV-2. Our data revealed that APOL3 acts as a proviral factor for ZIKV and several other related and unrelated RNA viruses. In addition, we showed that MTA2, a chromatin remodeling factor, possesses potent flavivirus-specific antiviral functions induced by IFN. Our work identified previously unrecognized genes that modulate the replication of RNA viruses in an IFN-dependent manner, opening new perspectives to target weakness points in the life cycle of these viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Lesage
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR 3569, Virus Sensing and Signaling Unit, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Maxime Chazal
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR 3569, Virus Sensing and Signaling Unit, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Beauclair
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR 3569, Virus Sensing and Signaling Unit, F-75015 Paris, France; Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Damien Batalie
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR 3569, Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses Unit, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Silvia Cerboni
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, Paris, France
| | - Elodie Couderc
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR 3569, Virus Sensing and Signaling Unit, F-75015 Paris, France; Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR 2000, Insect-Virus Interactions Unit, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Aurianne Lescure
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Department of Translational Research-Biophenics High-Content Screening Laboratory, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), Paris, France
| | - Elaine Del Nery
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Department of Translational Research-Biophenics High-Content Screening Laboratory, Cell and Tissue Imaging Facility (PICT-IBiSA), Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Tangy
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR 3569, Viral Genomics and Vaccination Unit, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Annette Martin
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR 3569, Molecular Genetics of RNA Viruses Unit, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Manel
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, Paris, France. https://twitter.com/NicolasManellab
| | - Nolwenn Jouvenet
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR 3569, Virus Sensing and Signaling Unit, F-75015 Paris, France.
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Rivera-Serrano EE, Gizzi AS, Arnold JJ, Grove TL, Almo SC, Cameron CE. Viperin Reveals Its True Function. Annu Rev Virol 2020; 7:421-446. [PMID: 32603630 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-virology-011720-095930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Most cells respond to viral infections by activating innate immune pathways that lead to the induction of antiviral restriction factors. One such factor, viperin, was discovered almost two decades ago based on its induction during viral infection. Since then, viperin has been shown to possess activity against numerous viruses via multiple proposed mechanisms. Most recently, however, viperin was demonstrated to catalyze the conversion of cytidine triphosphate (CTP) to 3'-deoxy-3',4'-didehydro-CTP (ddhCTP), a previously unknown ribonucleotide. Incorporation of ddhCTP causes premature termination of RNA synthesis by the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of some viruses. To date, production of ddhCTP by viperin represents the only activity of viperin that links its enzymatic activity directly to an antiviral mechanism in human cells. This review examines the multiple antiviral mechanisms and biological functions attributed to viperin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efraín E Rivera-Serrano
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA;
| | - Anthony S Gizzi
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA; , .,Department of Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
| | - Jamie J Arnold
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA;
| | - Tyler L Grove
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA; ,
| | - Steven C Almo
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA; ,
| | - Craig E Cameron
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA;
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A GFP Reporter MR766-Based Flow Cytometry Neutralization Test for Rapid Detection of Zika Virus-Neutralizing Antibodies in Serum Specimens. Vaccines (Basel) 2019; 7:vaccines7030066. [PMID: 31315283 PMCID: PMC6789833 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines7030066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging arthropod-borne virus of major public health concern. ZIKV infection is responsible for congenital Zika disease and other neurological defects. Antibody-mediated virus neutralization is an essential component of protective antiviral immunity against ZIKV. In the present study, we assessed whether our GFP reporter ZIKV derived from African viral strain MR766 could be useful for the development of a flow cytometry neutralization test (FNT), as an alternative to the conventional plaque-reduction neutralization test (PRNT). To improve the efficacy of GFP-expressing MR766, we selected virus variant MR766GFP showing a high level of GFP signal in infected cells. A MR766GFP-based FNT was assayed with immune sera from adult mice that received ZIKBeHMR-2. The chimeric ZIKV clone ZIKBeHMR-2 comprises the structural protein region of epidemic strain BeH819015 into MR766 backbone. We reported that adult mice inoculated with ZIKBeHMR-2 developed high levels of neutralizing anti-ZIKV antibodies. Comparative analysis between MR766GFP-based FNT and conventional PRNT was performed using mouse anti-ZIKBeHMR-2 immune sera. Indistinguishable neutralization patterns were observed when compared with PRNT50 and FNT50. We consider that the newly developed MR766GFP-based FNT is a valid format for measuring ZIKV-neutralizing antibodies in serum specimens.
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