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Rouhi S, Ghasemi H, Alizadeh M, Movahedpour A, Vahedi F, Fattahi M, Aiiashi S, Khatami SH. miRNA-based electrochemical biosensors for ovarian cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2025; 564:119946. [PMID: 39214394 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 08/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer, a prevalent and deadly cancer among women, presents a significant challenge for early detection due to its heterogeneous nature. MicroRNAs, short non-coding regulatory RNA fragments, play a role in various cellular processes. Aberrant expression of these microRNAs has been observed in the carcinogenesis-related processes of many cancer types. Numerous studies highlight the critical role of microRNAs in the initiation and progression of ovarian cancer. Given their clinical importance and predictive value, there has been considerable interest in developing simple, prompt, and sensitive miRNA biosensor strategies. Among these, electrochemical sensors have demonstrated advantageous characteristics such as simplicity, sensitivity, low cost, and scalability. These microRNA-based electrochemical biosensors are valuable tools for early detection and point-of-care applications. This article discusses the potential role of microRNAs in ovarian cancer and recent advances in the development of electrochemical biosensors for miRNA detection in ovarian cancer samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Rouhi
- Resident of Large Animal Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Iran
| | | | - Mehdi Alizadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Movahedpour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Vahedi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mehdi Fattahi
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam; School of Engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam
| | - Saleh Aiiashi
- Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Hossein Khatami
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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El-Shoura EAM, Mohamed AAN, Atwa AM, Salem EA, Sharkawi SMZ, Mostafa Selim H, Ibrahim Elberri A, Gawesh ES, Ahmed YH, Abd El-Ghafar OAM. Combined diosmin and bisoprolol attenuate cobalt chloride-induced cardiotoxicity and endothelial dysfunction through modulating miR-143-3P/MAPK/MCP-1, ERK5/CXCR4, Orai-1/STIM-1 signaling pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 140:112777. [PMID: 39088923 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Even while accelerated cardiomyocyte apoptosis is one of the primary causes of cardiac damage, the underlying mechanism is still mostly unknown. In addition to examining potential protective effects of bisoprolol and diosmin against CoCl2-induced cardiac injury, the goal of this study was to identify potential mechanisms regulating the hypoxic cardiac damage caused by cobalt chloride (CoCl2). For a period of 21 days except Cocl2 14 days from the first day of the experiment, rats were split into the following groups: Normal control group, rats received vehicle only (2 ml/kg/day, p.o.), (Cocl2, 150 mg/kg/day, p.o.), bisoprolol (25 mg/kg/day, p.o.); diosmin (100 mg/kg/day, p.o.) and bisoprolol + diosmin + Cocl2 groups. At the end of the experimental period, serum was taken for estimation of cardiac function, lipid profile, and pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, tissue samples were collected for evaluation of oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, α-SMA, PKC-α, MiR-143-3P, MAPK, ERK5, MCP-1, CXCR4, Orai-1, and STIM-1. Diosmin and bisoprolol, either alone or in combination, enhance heart function by reducing abnormalities in the electrocardiogram and the hypotension brought on by CoCl2. Additionally, they significantly ameliorate endothelial dysfunction by downregulating the cardiac expressions of α-SMA, PKC-α, MiR-143-3P, MAPK, ERK5, MCP-1, CXCR4, Orai-1, and STIM-1. Bisoprolol and diosmin produced modulatory activity against inflammatory state, redox balance, and atherogenic index concurrently. Together, diosmin and bisoprolol, either alone or in combination, significantly reduced all the cardiac alterations brought on by CoCl2. The capacity to obstruct hypoxia-induced α-SMA, PKC-α, MiR-143-3P/MAPK/MCP-1, MiR-143-3P/ERK5/CXCR4, Orai-1/STIM-1 signaling activation, as well as their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties, may be responsible for these cardio-protective results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehab A M El-Shoura
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed M Atwa
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Esraa A Salem
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen ElKom, 32511, Egypt
| | - Souty M Z Sharkawi
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Beni Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | | | - Aya Ibrahim Elberri
- Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkom 32511, Egypt
| | - El-Sayed Gawesh
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Yasmine H Ahmed
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Wang K, Li K, Li Z, Yan X. Circulating miRNA-21 as early potential diagnostic biomarker for acute myocardial infarction: a meta-analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1330884. [PMID: 39238499 PMCID: PMC11374624 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1330884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction There exists a knowledge gap concerning the clinical significance of miRNA-21; therefore, in the present study, we aimed to estimate the diagnostic and prognostic accuracy and sensitivity of miRNA-21 in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by performing an evidence-based meta-analysis of previous AMI-related clinical studies. Methods Chinese and English literature published before April 2024 were searched, and data were reviewed and extracted. After quality appraisal, the STATA 16.0 software was used for the effect size analysis of the various treatments described in the literature. Results A total of 14 valid documents were retrieved from 562 studies. The results of the systematic review revealed that for the patients with AMI vs. those without non-AMI, the aggregated odds ratio reached 5.37 (95% confidence interval 3.70-7.04). The general sensitivity and specificity for the circulating miRNA-21 levels in diagnosing AMI were 0.83 and 0.81, respectively. Discussion Thus, the meta-analysis of 14 AMI-related clinical trials highlighted that miRNA-21 may serve as a promising biomarker for diagnosing AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
- Department of the Project of Prevention and Treatment of Respiratory Diseases, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Emergency, Hanjiang Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Medical University, Hanzhong, Shannxi, China
| | - Zhuoyuan Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
- Department of the Project of Prevention and Treatment of Respiratory Diseases, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
| | - Xizhang Yan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, China
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Abubakar M, Hajjaj M, Naqvi ZEZ, Shanawaz H, Naeem A, Padakanti SSN, Bellitieri C, Ramar R, Gandhi F, Saleem A, Abdul Khader AHS, Faraz MA. Non-Coding RNA-Mediated Gene Regulation in Cardiovascular Disorders: Current Insights and Future Directions. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024; 17:739-767. [PMID: 38092987 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-023-10469-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) pose a significant burden on global health. Developing effective diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic indicators for CVDs is critical. This narrative review explores the role of select non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and provides an in-depth exploration of the roles of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs in different aspects of CVDs, offering insights into their mechanisms and potential clinical implications. The review also sheds light on the diverse functions of ncRNAs, including their modulation of gene expression, epigenetic modifications, and signaling pathways. It comprehensively analyzes the interplay between ncRNAs and cardiovascular health, paving the way for potential novel interventions. Finally, the review provides insights into the methodologies used to investigate ncRNA-mediated gene regulation in CVDs, as well as the implications and challenges associated with translating ncRNA research into clinical applications. Considering the broader implications, this research opens avenues for interdisciplinary collaborations, enhancing our understanding of CVDs across scientific disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abubakar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ameer-Ud-Din Medical College, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Mohsin Hajjaj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Zil E Zehra Naqvi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Hameed Shanawaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Windsor University School of Medicine, Cayon, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Ammara Naeem
- Department of Cardiology, Heart & Vascular Institute, Dearborn, Michigan, USA
| | | | | | - Rajasekar Ramar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rajah Muthiah Medical College, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Fenil Gandhi
- Department of Family Medicine, Lower Bucks Hospital, Bristol, PA, USA
| | - Ayesha Saleem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Ahmad Faraz
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
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Sahebi R, Gandomi F, shojaei M, Farrokhi E. Exosomal miRNA-21-5p and miRNA-21-3p as key biomarkers of myocardial infarction. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e2228. [PMID: 38983683 PMCID: PMC11232052 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.2228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a debilitating condition that can lead to myocardial infarction (MI). Exosomal miRNAs (exo-miRNA) can be diagnostic biomarkers for detecting MI. Here, we conduct a study to evaluate the efficacy of exo-miRNA-21-5p/3p for early detection of MI. Methods A total of 135 CAD patients and 150 healthy subjects participated in this study. Additionally, we randomly divided 26 male Wistar rats (12 weeks old) into two groups: control and induced MI. Angiographic images were used to identify patients and healthy individuals of all genders. In the following, serum exosomes were obtained, and exo-miRNA-21-5p/3p was measured by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results We observed an upregulation of exo-miRNA-21-5p/3p in CAD patient and MI-induced animal groups compared to controls. Analysis of the ROC curves defined 82% and 88% of the participants' exo-miRNA-21-5p and exo-miRNA-21-3p diagnostic power, respectively, which in the animal model was 92 and 82. Conclusion This study revealed that the mean expression levels of exo-miRNA-21-5p/3p were significantly increased in CAD patients and animal models of induced MI. Also, these results are associated with the atherogenic lipid profile of CAD patients, which may play an important role in the progression of the disease. Therefore, they can be considered as novel biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Sahebi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced TechnologiesShahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Fatemeh Gandomi
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Mitra shojaei
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, School of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Effat Farrokhi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced TechnologiesShahrekord University of Medical SciencesShahrekordIran
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García-Padilla C, Lozano-Velasco E, García-López V, Aránega A, Franco D, García-Martínez V, López-Sánchez C. miR-1 as a Key Epigenetic Regulator in Early Differentiation of Cardiac Sinoatrial Region. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6608. [PMID: 38928314 PMCID: PMC11204236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
A large diversity of epigenetic factors, such as microRNAs and histones modifications, are known to be capable of regulating gene expression without altering DNA sequence itself. In particular, miR-1 is considered the first essential microRNA in cardiac development. In this study, miR-1 potential role in early cardiac chamber differentiation was analyzed through specific signaling pathways. For this, we performed in chick embryos functional experiments by means of miR-1 microinjections into the posterior cardiac precursors-of both primitive endocardial tubes-committed to sinoatrial region fates. Subsequently, embryos were subjected to whole mount in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry and RT-qPCR analysis. As a relevant novelty, our results revealed that miR-1 increased Amhc1, Tbx5 and Gata4, while this microRNA diminished Mef2c and Cripto expressions during early differentiation of the cardiac sinoatrial region. Furthermore, we observed in this developmental context that miR-1 upregulated CrabpII and Rarß and downregulated CrabpI, which are three crucial factors in the retinoic acid signaling pathway. Interestingly, we also noticed that miR-1 directly interacted with Hdac4 and Calm1/Calmodulin, as well as with Erk2/Mapk1, which are three key factors actively involved in Mef2c regulation. Our study shows, for the first time, a key role of miR-1 as an epigenetic regulator in the early differentiation of the cardiac sinoatrial region through orchestrating opposite actions between retinoic acid and Mef2c, fundamental to properly assign cardiac cells to their respective heart chambers. A better understanding of those molecular mechanisms modulated by miR-1 will definitely help in fields applied to therapy and cardiac regeneration and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos García-Padilla
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (C.G.-P.); (E.L.-V.); (V.G.-L.); (V.G.-M.)
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (A.A.); (D.F.)
| | - Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (C.G.-P.); (E.L.-V.); (V.G.-L.); (V.G.-M.)
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (A.A.); (D.F.)
- Medina Foundation, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Virginio García-López
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (C.G.-P.); (E.L.-V.); (V.G.-L.); (V.G.-M.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Therapeutics, Pharmacology Area, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Amelia Aránega
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (A.A.); (D.F.)
- Medina Foundation, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain; (A.A.); (D.F.)
- Medina Foundation, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Virginio García-Martínez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (C.G.-P.); (E.L.-V.); (V.G.-L.); (V.G.-M.)
| | - Carmen López-Sánchez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain; (C.G.-P.); (E.L.-V.); (V.G.-L.); (V.G.-M.)
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Li X, Sun M, Wang Z, Sun S, Wang Y. Recent advances in mechanistic studies of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and its comorbidities-Role of microRNAs. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14130. [PMID: 38071416 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a multifaceted syndrome with a complex aetiology commonly associated with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, hypertension and renal disease. Various diseases induce systemic, chronic and low-grade inflammation; microvascular dysfunction; metabolic stress; tissue ischemia; and fibrosis, leading to HFpEF. An effective treatment for HFpEF is lacking, largely owing to its pathophysiological heterogeneity. Recent studies have revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in regulating the pathogenesis of HFpEF and its comorbidities. METHODS This narrative review included original articles and reviews published over the past 20 years found through 'PubMed' and 'Web of Science'. The search terms included "HFpEF," "MicroRNAs," "comorbidities," "Microvascular Dysfunction (MVD)," "inflammation," "pathophysiology," "endothelial dysfunction," "energy metabolism abnormalities" "cardiac fibrosis" and "treatment." RESULTS Inflammation, MVD, abnormal energy metabolism, myocardial hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis are important pathophysiological mechanisms underlying HFpEF. As gene expression regulators, miRNAs may contribute to the pathophysiology of HFpEF and are expected to serve in the stratification of patients with HFpEF and as prognostic indicators for monitoring treatment responses. CONCLUSIONS A customized strategy based on miRNAs has emerged as an effective treatment for HFpEF. In this review, we discuss recent research surrounding miRNAs and HFpEF and propose potential miRNA targets for the pathophysiology of HFpEF and its comorbidities. Although current research concerning miRNAs and their therapeutic potential is in its early stages, miRNA-based diagnostics and therapeutics hold great promise in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Jilin Geriatrics Clinical Research Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Min Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Jilin Geriatrics Clinical Research Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Jilin Geriatrics Clinical Research Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Siming Sun
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuehui Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Jilin Geriatrics Clinical Research Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Vasu MM, Koshy L, Ganapathi S, Jeemon P, Urulangodi M, Gopala S, Greeva P, Anitha A, Reethu S, Divya P, Shamla S, Sumitha K, Madhavan M, Vineeth CP, Kochumoni R, Harikrishnan S. Identification of novel endogenous control miRNAs in heart failure for normalization of qPCR data. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129714. [PMID: 38286377 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of non-coding RNAs, are utilized as biomarkers for a wide range of disorders. Circulating miRNAs are proposed as potential markers in the clinical identification of heart failure (HF). However, identifying miRNA biomarkers in HF requires identification of robust endogenous control miRNAs for normalization in differential expression analysis. Hence, this study aimed to identify circulating miRNAs that can be utilized as endogenous controls in HF. We evaluated the expression of eight miRNAs, which were previously reported as endogenous controls in different pathological conditions. Total RNA, including miRNA, was extracted from the serum samples of 30 HF patients (15 HFrEF and 15 HFpEF) and their matched controls (n = 15). We used quantitative PCR to determine the miRNA expression. The stability of the selected endogenous miRNAs was assessed and compared using a standard set of criteria with the RefFinder software. Six of the eight miRNAs analyzed showed consistent expression among all sample groups. Stability analysis ranked hsa-let-7i-5p, hsa-miR-148b-3p, and hsa-miR-484 as the most stable miRNAs, indicating their potential as reliable endogenous controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Mundalil Vasu
- Centre for Advanced Research and Excellence in Heart Failure (CARE-HF), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Linda Koshy
- Centre for Advanced Research and Excellence in Heart Failure (CARE-HF), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Sanjay Ganapathi
- Centre for Advanced Research and Excellence in Heart Failure (CARE-HF), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India; Department of Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Panniyammakal Jeemon
- Centre for Advanced Research and Excellence in Heart Failure (CARE-HF), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India; Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Madhusoodanan Urulangodi
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Srinivas Gopala
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Philip Greeva
- Centre for Advanced Research and Excellence in Heart Failure (CARE-HF), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Ayyappan Anitha
- Department of Neurogenetics, Institute for Communicative and Cognitive Neurosciences (ICCONS), Kavalappara, Shoranur, Palakkad 679 523, Kerala, India
| | - Salim Reethu
- Centre for Advanced Research and Excellence in Heart Failure (CARE-HF), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Prasad Divya
- Centre for Advanced Research and Excellence in Heart Failure (CARE-HF), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Shajahan Shamla
- Centre for Advanced Research and Excellence in Heart Failure (CARE-HF), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Kumar Sumitha
- Department of Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Madhuma Madhavan
- Centre for Advanced Research and Excellence in Heart Failure (CARE-HF), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - C Purushothaman Vineeth
- Department of Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Rajamoni Kochumoni
- Department of Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India
| | - Sivadasanpillai Harikrishnan
- Centre for Advanced Research and Excellence in Heart Failure (CARE-HF), Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India; Department of Cardiology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology (SCTIMST), Trivandrum 695011, Kerala, India.
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9
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Wang L, Sun T, Liu X, Wang Y, Qiao X, Chen N, Liu F, Zhou X, Wang H, Shen H. Myocarditis: A multi-omics approach. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 554:117752. [PMID: 38184138 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Myocarditis, an inflammatory condition of weakened heart muscles often triggered by a variety of causes, that can result in heart failure and sudden death. Novel ways to enhance our understanding of myocarditis pathogenesis is available through newer modalities (omics). In this review, we examine the roles of various biomolecules and associated functional pathways across genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics in the pathogenesis of myocarditis. Our analysis further explores the reproducibility and variability intrinsic to omics studies, underscoring the necessity and significance of employing a multi-omics approach to gain profound insights into myocarditis pathogenesis. This integrated strategy not only enhances our understanding of the disease, but also confirms the critical importance of a holistic multi-omics approach in disease analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Wang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaolan Liu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaorong Qiao
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Nuo Chen
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fangqian Liu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Zhou
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hua Wang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongxing Shen
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China.
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Jeyabal P, Bhagat A, Wang F, Roth M, Livingston JA, Gilchrist SC, Banchs J, Hildebrandt MA, Chandra J, Deswal A, Koutroumpakis E, Wang J, Daw NC, Honey TA, Kleinerman ES. Circulating microRNAs and Cytokines as Prognostic Biomarkers for Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiac Injury and for Evaluating the Effectiveness of an Exercise Intervention. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:4430-4440. [PMID: 37651264 PMCID: PMC11370763 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-1055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To define a set of biomarkers that can be used to identify patients at high risk of developing late doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiac morbidity with the goal of focused monitoring and early interventions. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Mice received phosphate buffered saline or DOX 2.5 mg/kg 2x/week for 2 weeks. Blood samples were obtained before and after therapy for quantification of miRNAs (6 and 24 hours), cytokines (24 hours), and troponin (24 hours, 4 and 6 weeks). Cardiac function was evaluated using echocardiography before and 24 hours after therapy. To assess the effectiveness of exercise intervention in preventing DOX-induced cardiotoxicity blood samples were collected from mice treated with DOX or DOX + exercise. Plasma samples from 13 DOX-treated patients with sarcoma were also evaluated before and 24 hours after therapy. RESULTS Elevations in plasma miRNA-1, miRNA-499 and IL1α, IL1β, and IL6 were seen in DOX-treated mice with decreased ejection fraction and fractional shortening 24 hours after DOX therapy. Troponin levels were not elevated until 4 weeks after therapy. In mice treated with exercise during DOX, there was no elevation in these biomarkers and no change in cardiac function. Elevations in these biomarkers were seen in 12 of 13 patients with sarcoma treated with DOX. CONCLUSIONS These findings define a potential set of biomarkers to identify and predict patients at risk for developing acute and late cardiovascular diseases with the goal of focused monitoring and early intervention. Further studies are needed to confirm the predictive value of these biomarkers in late cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince Jeyabal
- Department of Pediatric Research, Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anchit Bhagat
- Department of Pediatric Research, Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Pediatric Research, Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Michael Roth
- Department of Pediatric Research, Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - J. Andrew Livingston
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Susan C. Gilchrist
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Internal Medicine – Clinical, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jose Banchs
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Director of Echocardiography, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Michelle A.T. Hildebrandt
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joya Chandra
- Department of Pediatric Research, Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anita Deswal
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Internal Medicine – Clinical, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Efstratios Koutroumpakis
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Internal Medicine – Clinical, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030 USA
| | - Najat C. Daw
- Department of Pediatric Research, Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Theresa A. Honey
- Department of Pediatric Research, Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Eugenie S. Kleinerman
- Department of Pediatric Research, Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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11
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Vasilieva AA, Timechko EE, Lysova KD, Paramonova AI, Yakimov AM, Kantimirova EA, Dmitrenko DV. MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers of Post-Traumatic Epileptogenesis: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15366. [PMID: 37895044 PMCID: PMC10607802 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Structural or post-traumatic epilepsy often develops after brain tissue damage caused by traumatic brain injury, stroke, infectious diseases of the brain, etc. Most often, between the initiating event and epilepsy, there is a period without seizures-a latent period. At this time, the process of restructuring of neural networks begins, leading to the formation of epileptiform activity, called epileptogenesis. The prediction of the development of the epileptogenic process is currently an urgent and difficult task. MicroRNAs are inexpensive and minimally invasive biomarkers of biological and pathological processes. The aim of this study is to evaluate the predictive ability of microRNAs to detect the risk of epileptogenesis. In this study, we conducted a systematic search on the MDPI, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science platforms. We analyzed publications that studied the aberrant expression of circulating microRNAs in epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, and ischemic stroke in order to search for microRNAs-potential biomarkers for predicting epileptogenesis. Thus, 31 manuscripts examining biomarkers of epilepsy, 19 manuscripts examining biomarkers of traumatic brain injury, and 48 manuscripts examining biomarkers of ischemic stroke based on circulating miRNAs were analyzed. Three miRNAs were studied: miR-21, miR-181a, and miR-155. The findings showed that miR-21 and miR-155 are associated with cell proliferation and apoptosis, and miR-181a is associated with protein modifications. These miRNAs are not strictly specific, but they are involved in processes that may be indirectly associated with epileptogenesis. Also, these microRNAs may be of interest when they are studied in a cohort with each other and with other microRNAs. To further study the microRNA-based biomarkers of epileptogenesis, many factors must be taken into account: the time of sampling, the type of biological fluid, and other nuances. Currently, there is a need for more in-depth and prolonged studies of epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Diana V. Dmitrenko
- Department of Medical Genetics and Clinical Neurophysiology of Postgraduate Education, V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia; (A.A.V.); (E.E.T.); (K.D.L.); (A.I.P.)
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12
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Mohammadisima N, Farshbaf-khalili A, Ostadrahimi A. Up-regulation of plasma miRNA-21 and miRNA-422a in postmenopausal osteoporosis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287458. [PMID: 37851645 PMCID: PMC10584188 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many researchers focused on diverse miRNAs in the progression of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. This study aimed to evaluate the association between plasma miRNA-21-5p and miRNA-422a with osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. METHODS This cross-sectional comparative study was performed on 126 randomly selected postmenopausal women aged 50-65, including 65 osteoporotic and 61 normal-bone mineral density (BMD) women. miRNA-21 and miRNA-422a were identified using qRT-PCR in these women. BMD was evaluated by the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry method. A binary logistic regression model adjusted for confounders was used to evaluate the associations between plasma miRNAs' expression levels and osteoporosis. The Area Under Curve (AUC) was calculated to differentiate low BMD in the postmenopausal period using Receiver-Operator Characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS miRNA-21 and miRNA-422a were significantly up-regulated in osteoporotic compared to non-osteoporotic postmenopausal women. The expression levels of miRNA-21 and miRNA-422a indicated a significant reverse correlation with both lumbar spine and femoral neck density. After adjusting the confounders, the likelihood of osteoporosis in the postmenopausal women with under the median plasma levels of miRNA-21 (OR = 0.025; 95% CI: 0.003 to 0.198, p<0.001) and miRNA-422a (OR = 0.037; 95% CI: 0.007 to 0.211, p<0.001) was significantly less than the women with the levels above the median. There were significant inverse correlations between miRNA-21 (p<0.001, r = -0.511) and miRNA-422a (p<0.001, r = -0.682) with BMD-lumbar spine as well as an inverse correlation between miRNA-21(p<0.001, r = -0.374) and miRNA-422a (p<0.001, r = -0.602) with BMD-femoral neck. The AUC (95%CI) for miRNA-21 and miRNA-422a was 0.84 (0.77 to 0.91) and 0.98 (0.96 to 0.99), respectively. ROC analysis illustrated that sensitivity and specificity values were 83.1% and 74%, respectively, for miRNA-21 at the cut-off point of 3.38. Also, at the cut-off point of 2.86, a sensitivity of 94% as well as a specificity of 89% was determined for miRNA-422a. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that the odds of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women increased with the higher expression of plasma miRNA-21 and miRNA-422a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Mohammadisima
- Department of Biochemistry and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azizeh Farshbaf-khalili
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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13
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Rouskas K, Katsareli EA, Amerikanou C, Dimopoulos AC, Glentis S, Kalantzi A, Skoulakis A, Panousis N, Ongen H, Bielser D, Planchon A, Romano L, Harokopos V, Reczko M, Moulos P, Griniatsos I, Diamantis T, Dermitzakis ET, Ragoussis J, Dedoussis G, Dimas AS. Identifying novel regulatory effects for clinically relevant genes through the study of the Greek population. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:442. [PMID: 37543566 PMCID: PMC10403965 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09532-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) studies provide insights into regulatory mechanisms underlying disease risk. Expanding studies of gene regulation to underexplored populations and to medically relevant tissues offers potential to reveal yet unknown regulatory variants and to better understand disease mechanisms. Here, we performed eQTL mapping in subcutaneous (S) and visceral (V) adipose tissue from 106 Greek individuals (Greek Metabolic study, GM) and compared our findings to those from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) resource. RESULTS We identified 1,930 and 1,515 eGenes in S and V respectively, over 13% of which are not observed in GTEx adipose tissue, and that do not arise due to different ancestry. We report additional context-specific regulatory effects in genes of clinical interest (e.g. oncogene ST7) and in genes regulating responses to environmental stimuli (e.g. MIR21, SNX33). We suggest that a fraction of the reported differences across populations is due to environmental effects on gene expression, driving context-specific eQTLs, and suggest that environmental effects can determine the penetrance of disease variants thus shaping disease risk. We report that over half of GM eQTLs colocalize with GWAS SNPs and of these colocalizations 41% are not detected in GTEx. We also highlight the clinical relevance of S adipose tissue by revealing that inflammatory processes are upregulated in individuals with obesity, not only in V, but also in S tissue. CONCLUSIONS By focusing on an understudied population, our results provide further candidate genes for investigation regarding their role in adipose tissue biology and their contribution to disease risk and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Rouskas
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Efthymia A Katsareli
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Charalampia Amerikanou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandros C Dimopoulos
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Science, Biomedical Sciences Research Center 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece
- Hellenic Naval Academy, Hatzikyriakou Avenue, Pireaus, Greece
| | - Stavros Glentis
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Unit (POHemU), First Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandra Kalantzi
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece
| | - Anargyros Skoulakis
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece
| | | | - Halit Ongen
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Deborah Bielser
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Planchon
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Luciana Romano
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vaggelis Harokopos
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece
| | - Martin Reczko
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Science, Biomedical Sciences Research Center 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Moulos
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Science, Biomedical Sciences Research Center 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece
- Center of New Biotechnologies & Precision Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Griniatsos
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Laiko Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodoros Diamantis
- First Department of Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Laiko Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Emmanouil T Dermitzakis
- Department of Genetic Medicine and Development, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jiannis Ragoussis
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University Genome Centre, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - George Dedoussis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | - Antigone S Dimas
- Institute for Bioinnovation, Biomedical Sciences Research Center 'Alexander Fleming', Vari, Greece.
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14
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Koh HB, Kim HJ, Kang SW, Yoo TH. Exosome-Based Drug Delivery: Translation from Bench to Clinic. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2042. [PMID: 37631256 PMCID: PMC10459753 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosome-based drug delivery is emerging as a promising field with the potential to revolutionize therapeutic interventions. Exosomes, which are small extracellular vesicles released by various cell types, have attracted significant attention due to their unique properties and natural ability to transport bioactive molecules. These nano-sized vesicles, ranging in size from 30 to 150 nm, can effectively transport a variety of cargoes, including proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Compared to traditional drug delivery systems, exosomes exhibit unique biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and reduced toxicity. In addition, exosomes can be designed and tailored to improve targeting efficiency, cargo loading capacity, and stability, paving the way for personalized medicine and precision therapy. However, despite the promising potential of exosome-based drug delivery, its clinical application remains challenging due to limitations in exosome isolation and purification, low loading efficiency of therapeutic cargoes, insufficient targeted delivery, and rapid elimination in circulation. This comprehensive review focuses on the transition of exosome-based drug delivery from the bench to clinic, highlighting key aspects, such as exosome structure and biogenesis, cargo loading methods, surface engineering techniques, and clinical applications. It also discusses challenges and prospects in this emerging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Byung Koh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, International Saint Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Seo-gu, Incheon 22711, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyo Jeong Kim
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea;
| | - Shin-Wook Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyun Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Kidney Disease Research, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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15
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Zheng H, Clausse V, Amarasekara H, Mazur SJ, Botos I, Appella DH. Variation of Tetrahydrofurans in Thyclotides Enhances Oligonucleotide Binding and Cellular Uptake of Peptide Nucleic Acids. JACS AU 2023; 3:1952-1964. [PMID: 37502163 PMCID: PMC10369417 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Selective incorporation of conformational constraints into thyclotides can be used to modulate their binding to complementary oligonucleotides, increase polarity, and optimize uptake into HCT116 cells without assistance from moieties known to promote cell uptake. The X-ray structure and biophysical studies of a thyclotide-DNA duplex reveal that incorporation of tetrahydrofurans into an aegPNA backbone promotes a helical conformation that enhances binding to complementary DNA and RNA. Selective incorporation of tetrahydrofurans into the aegPNA backbone allows polarity to be increased incrementally so that uptake into HCT116 cells can be optimized. The enhanced binding, polarity, and cellular uptake properties of thyclotides were used to demonstrate effective inhibition of microRNA-21 in HCT116 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchao Zheng
- Synthetic
Bioactive Molecules Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry (LBC), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney
Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health, 8 Center Drive, Room 404, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Victor Clausse
- Synthetic
Bioactive Molecules Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry (LBC), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney
Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health, 8 Center Drive, Room 404, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Harsha Amarasekara
- Synthetic
Bioactive Molecules Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry (LBC), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney
Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health, 8 Center Drive, Room 404, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Sharlyn J. Mazur
- Laboratory
of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute,
National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Istvan Botos
- Laboratory
of Molecular Biology, National Institute
of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes
of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Daniel H. Appella
- Synthetic
Bioactive Molecules Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry (LBC), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney
Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health, 8 Center Drive, Room 404, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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16
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Singh DD, Kim Y, Choi SA, Han I, Yadav DK. Clinical Significance of MicroRNAs, Long Non-Coding RNAs, and CircRNAs in Cardiovascular Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:1629. [PMID: 37371099 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on recent research, the non-coding genome is essential for controlling genes and genetic programming during development, as well as for health and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The microRNAs (miRNAs), lncRNAs (long ncRNAs), and circRNAs (circular RNAs) with significant regulatory and structural roles make up approximately 99% of the human genome, which does not contain proteins. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) have been discovered to be essential novel regulators of cardiovascular risk factors and cellular processes, making them significant prospects for advanced diagnostics and prognosis evaluation. Cases of CVDs are rising due to limitations in the current therapeutic approach; most of the treatment options are based on the coding transcripts that encode proteins. Recently, various investigations have shown the role of nc-RNA in the early diagnosis and treatment of CVDs. Furthermore, the development of novel diagnoses and treatments based on miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs could be more helpful in the clinical management of patients with CVDs. CVDs are classified into various types of heart diseases, including cardiac hypertrophy (CH), heart failure (HF), rheumatic heart disease (RHD), acute coronary syndrome (ACS), myocardial infarction (MI), atherosclerosis (AS), myocardial fibrosis (MF), arrhythmia (ARR), and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Here, we discuss the biological and clinical importance of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs and their expression profiles and manipulation of non-coding transcripts in CVDs, which will deliver an in-depth knowledge of the role of ncRNAs in CVDs for progressing new clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desh Deepak Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, India
| | - Youngsun Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ah Choi
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Pediatric Clinical Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ihn Han
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Department of Plasma Biodisplay, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pharmacy, Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21924, Republic of Korea
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17
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Morales-Sánchez P, Lambert C, Ares-Blanco J, Suárez-Gutiérrez L, Villa-Fernández E, Garcia AV, García-Villarino M, Tejedor JR, Fraga MF, Torre EM, Pujante P, Delgado E. Circulating miRNA expression in long-standing type 1 diabetes mellitus. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8611. [PMID: 37244952 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35836-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disease which results in inefficient regulation of glucose homeostasis and can lead to different vascular comorbidities through life. In this study we aimed to analyse the circulating miRNA expression profile of patients with type 1 diabetes, and with no other associated pathology. For this, fasting plasma was obtained from 85 subjects. Next generation sequencing analysis was firstly performed to identify miRNAs that were differentially expressed between groups (20 patients vs. 10 controls). hsa-miR-1-3p, hsa-miR-200b-3p, hsa-miR-9-5p, and hsa-miR-1200 expression was also measured by Taqman RT-PCR to validate the observed changes (34 patients vs. 21 controls). Finally, through a bioinformatic approach, the main pathways affected by the target genes of these miRNAs were studied. Among the studied miRNAs, hsa-miR-1-3p expression was found significantly increased in patients with type 1 diabetes compared to controls, and positively correlated with glycated haemoglobin levels. Additionally, by using a bioinformatic approach, we could observe that changes in hsa-miR-1-3p directly affect genes involved in vascular development and cardiovascular pathologies. Our results suggest that, circulating hsa-miR-1-3p in plasma, together with glycaemic control, could be used as prognostic biomarkers in type 1 diabetes, helping to prevent the development of vascular complications in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Morales-Sánchez
- Endocrinology, Nutrition, Diabetes and Obesity Group (ENDO), Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Av. Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Lambert
- Endocrinology, Nutrition, Diabetes and Obesity Group (ENDO), Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Av. Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
- University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jessica Ares-Blanco
- Endocrinology, Nutrition, Diabetes and Obesity Group (ENDO), Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Av. Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Asturias Central University Hospital, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Medicine Department, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Lorena Suárez-Gutiérrez
- Endocrinology, Nutrition, Diabetes and Obesity Group (ENDO), Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Av. Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Asturias Central University Hospital, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Elsa Villa-Fernández
- Endocrinology, Nutrition, Diabetes and Obesity Group (ENDO), Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Av. Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Ana Victoria Garcia
- Endocrinology, Nutrition, Diabetes and Obesity Group (ENDO), Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Av. Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Miguel García-Villarino
- Endocrinology, Nutrition, Diabetes and Obesity Group (ENDO), Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Av. Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Juan Ramón Tejedor
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Department of Organisms and Systems Biology (B.O.S), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Mario F Fraga
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Center (CINN-CSIC), Health Research Institute of Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Institute of Oncology of Asturias (IUOPA), Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Department of Organisms and Systems Biology (B.O.S), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Edelmiro Menéndez Torre
- Endocrinology, Nutrition, Diabetes and Obesity Group (ENDO), Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Av. Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Asturias Central University Hospital, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
- Medicine Department, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
| | - Pedro Pujante
- Endocrinology, Nutrition, Diabetes and Obesity Group (ENDO), Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Av. Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Asturias Central University Hospital, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
| | - Elías Delgado
- Endocrinology, Nutrition, Diabetes and Obesity Group (ENDO), Health Research Institute of the Principality of Asturias (ISPA), Av. Hospital Universitario s/n, 33011, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
- Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Asturias Central University Hospital, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
- Medicine Department, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
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18
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miRNA Dysregulation in Cardiovascular Diseases: Current Opinion and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065192. [PMID: 36982265 PMCID: PMC10048938 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small noncoding RNAs, are post-transcriptional gene regulators that can promote the degradation or decay of coding mRNAs, regulating protein synthesis. Many experimental studies have contributed to clarifying the functions of several miRNAs involved in regulatory processes at the cardiac level, playing a pivotal role in cardiovascular disease (CVD). This review aims to provide an up-to-date overview, with a focus on the past 5 years, of experimental studies on human samples to present a clear background of the latest advances to summarize the current knowledge and future perspectives. SCOPUS and Web of Science were searched using the following keywords: (miRNA or microRNA) AND (cardiovascular diseases); AND (myocardial infarction); AND (heart damage); AND (heart failure), including studies published from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2022. After an accurate evaluation, 59 articles were included in the present systematic review. While it is clear that miRNAs are powerful gene regulators, all the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The need for up-to-date data always justifies the enormous amount of scientific work to increasingly highlight their pathways. Given the importance of CVDs, miRNAs could be important both as diagnostic and therapeutic (theranostic) tools. In this context, the discovery of “TheranoMIRNAs” could be decisive in the near future. The definition of well-setout studies is necessary to provide further evidence in this challenging field.
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19
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Souidi A, Nakamori M, Zmojdzian M, Jagla T, Renaud Y, Jagla K. Deregulations of miR-1 and its target Multiplexin promote dilated cardiomyopathy associated with myotonic dystrophy type 1. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e56616. [PMID: 36852954 PMCID: PMC10074075 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202256616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is the most common muscular dystrophy in adults. It is caused by the excessive expansion of noncoding CTG repeats, which when transcribed affects the functions of RNA-binding factors with adverse effects on alternative splicing, processing, and stability of a large set of muscular and cardiac transcripts. Among these effects, inefficient processing and down-regulation of muscle- and heart-specific miRNA, miR-1, have been reported in DM1 patients, but the impact of reduced miR-1 on DM1 pathogenesis has been unknown. Here, we use Drosophila DM1 models to explore the role of miR-1 in cardiac dysfunction in DM1. We show that miR-1 down-regulation in the heart leads to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a DM1-associated phenotype. We combined in silico screening for miR-1 targets with transcriptional profiling of DM1 cardiac cells to identify miR-1 target genes with potential roles in DCM. We identify Multiplexin (Mp) as a new cardiac miR-1 target involved in DM1. Mp encodes a collagen protein involved in cardiac tube formation in Drosophila. Mp and its human ortholog Col15A1 are both highly enriched in cardiac cells of DCM-developing DM1 flies and in heart samples from DM1 patients with DCM, respectively. When overexpressed in the heart, Mp induces DCM, whereas its attenuation rescues the DCM phenotype of aged DM1 flies. Reduced levels of miR-1 and consecutive up-regulation of its target Mp/Col15A1 might be critical in DM1-associated DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anissa Souidi
- iGReD Genetics Reproduction and Development Institute, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Masayuki Nakamori
- Department of Neurology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Monika Zmojdzian
- iGReD Genetics Reproduction and Development Institute, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Teresa Jagla
- iGReD Genetics Reproduction and Development Institute, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Yoan Renaud
- iGReD Genetics Reproduction and Development Institute, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Krzysztof Jagla
- iGReD Genetics Reproduction and Development Institute, Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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20
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Pieri M, Vayianos P, Nicolaidou V, Felekkis K, Papaneophytou C. Alterations in Circulating miRNA Levels after Infection with SARS-CoV-2 Could Contribute to the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases: What We Know So Far. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032380. [PMID: 36768701 PMCID: PMC9917196 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and poses significant complications for cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and influence several physiological and pathological processes, including CVD. This critical review aims to expand upon the current literature concerning miRNA deregulation during the SARS-CoV-2 infection, focusing on cardio-specific miRNAs and their association with various CVDs, including cardiac remodeling, arrhythmias, and atherosclerosis after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite the scarcity of research in this area, our findings suggest that changes in the expression levels of particular COVID-19-related miRNAs, including miR-146a, miR-27/miR-27a-5p, miR-451, miR-486-5p, miR-21, miR-155, and miR-133a, may be linked to CVDs. While our analysis did not conclusively determine the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the profile and/or expression levels of cardiac-specific miRNAs, we proposed a potential mechanism by which the miRNAs mentioned above may contribute to the development of these two pathologies. Further research on the relationship between SARS-CoV-2, CVDs, and microRNAs will significantly enhance our understanding of this connection and may lead to the use of these miRNAs as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for both pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrtani Pieri
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
- Non-Coding RNA Research Laboratory, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Panayiotis Vayianos
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Vicky Nicolaidou
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
- Non-Coding RNA Research Laboratory, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Kyriacos Felekkis
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
- Non-Coding RNA Research Laboratory, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
- Correspondence: (K.F.); (C.P.)
| | - Christos Papaneophytou
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
- Non-Coding RNA Research Laboratory, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
- Correspondence: (K.F.); (C.P.)
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21
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Kabłak-Ziembicka A, Badacz R, Przewłocki T. Clinical Application of Serum microRNAs in Atherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease. J Clin Med 2022; 11:6849. [PMID: 36431326 PMCID: PMC9698927 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11226849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are promising diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic biomolecules for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerotic occlusive disease concerns a large population of patients, carrying the highest incidence of fatal and non-fatal adverse events, such as myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and limb ischemia, worldwide. Consistently, miRs are involved in regulation and pathogenesis of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD), acute coronary syndromes (ACS), both with ST-segment (STEMI) and non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarctions (NSTEMI), as well as cardiac remodeling and fibrosis following ACS. However, the genetic and molecular mechanisms underlying adverse outcomes in CAD are multifactorial, and sometimes difficult to interpret for clinicians. Therefore, in the present review paper we have focused on the clinical meaning and the interpretation of various miRs findings, and their potential application in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kabłak-Ziembicka
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, św. Anny 12, 31-007 Kraków, Poland
- Noninvasive Cardiovascular Laboratory, The John Paul II Hospital, Prądnicka 80, 31-202 Kraków, Poland
| | - Rafał Badacz
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, św. Anny 12, 31-007 Kraków, Poland
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, The John Paul II Hospital, Prądnicka 80, 31-202 Kraków, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Przewłocki
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, The John Paul II Hospital, Prądnicka 80, 31-202 Kraków, Poland
- Department of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, św. Anny 12, 31-007 Kraków, Poland
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22
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Sikorski V, Vento A, Kankuri E. Emerging roles of the RNA modifications N6-methyladenosine and adenosine-to-inosine in cardiovascular diseases. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 29:426-461. [PMID: 35991314 PMCID: PMC9366019 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases lead the mortality and morbidity disease metrics worldwide. A multitude of chemical base modifications in ribonucleic acids (RNAs) have been linked with key events of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. Named either RNA epigenetics or epitranscriptomics, the post-transcriptional RNA modifications, their regulatory pathways, components, and downstream effects substantially contribute to the ways our genetic code is interpreted. Here we review the accumulated discoveries to date regarding the roles of the two most common epitranscriptomic modifications, N6-methyl-adenosine (m6A) and adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing, in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilbert Sikorski
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Vento
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Esko Kankuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - IHD-EPITRAN Consortium
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
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23
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Brown C, Mantzaris M, Nicolaou E, Karanasiou G, Papageorgiou E, Curigliano G, Cardinale D, Filippatos G, Memos N, Naka KK, Papakostantinou A, Vogazianos P, Ioulianou E, Shammas C, Constantinidou A, Tozzi F, Fotiadis DI, Antoniades A. A systematic review of miRNAs as biomarkers for chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients reveals potentially clinically informative panels as well as key challenges in miRNA research. CARDIO-ONCOLOGY 2022; 8:16. [PMID: 36071532 PMCID: PMC9450324 DOI: 10.1186/s40959-022-00142-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer patients are at a particularly high risk of cardiotoxicity from chemotherapy having a detrimental effect on quality-of-life parameters and increasing the risk of mortality. Prognostic biomarkers would allow the management of therapies to mitigate the risks of cardiotoxicity in vulnerable patients and a key potential candidate for such biomarkers are microRNAs (miRNA). miRNAs are post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression which can also be released into the circulatory system and have been associated with the progression of many chronic diseases including many types of cancer. In this review, the evidence for the potential application of miRNAs as biomarkers for chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity (CIC) in breast cancer patientsis evaluated and a simple meta-analysis is performed to confirm the replication status of each reported miRNA. Further selection of miRNAs is performed by reviewing the reported associations of each miRNA with other cardiovascular conditions. Based on this research, the most representative panels targeting specific chemotherapy agents and treatment regimens are suggested, that contain several informative miRNAs, including both general markers of cardiac damage as well as those for the specific cancer treatments.
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24
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Akhtarkhavari T, Bahrami AR, M Matin M. Downregulation of miR-21 as a promising strategy to overcome drug resistance in cancer. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 932:175233. [PMID: 36038011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite tremendous achievements in the field of targeted cancer therapy, chemotherapy is still the main treatment option, which is challenged by acquired drug resistance. Various microRNAs are involved in developing drug-resistant cells. miR-21 is one of the first identified miRNAs involved in this process. Here, we conducted a literature review to categorize different mechanisms employed by miR-21 to drive drug resistance. miR-21 targets various genes involved in many pathways that can justify chemoresistance. It alters cancer cell metabolism and facilitates adaptation to the new environment. It also enhances drug detoxification in cancerous cells and increases genomic instability. We also summarized various strategies applied for the inhibition of miR-21 in order to reverse cancer drug resistance. These strategies include the delivery of antagomiRs, miRZip knockdown vectors, inhibitory small molecules, CRISPR-Cas9 technology, catalytic nucleic acids, artificial DNA and RNA sponges, and nanostructures like mesoporous silica nanoparticles, dendrimers, and exosomes. Furthermore, current challenges and limitations in targeting miR-21 are discussed in this article. Although huge progress has been made in the downregulation of miR-21 in drug-resistant cancer cells, there are still many challenges to be resolved. More research is still required to find the best strategy and timeline for the downregulation of miR-21 and also the most feasible approach for the delivery of this system into the tumor cells. In conclusion, downregulation of miR-21 would be a promising strategy to reverse chemoresistance, but still, more studies are required to clarify the aforementioned issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Akhtarkhavari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Bahrami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; Industrial Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam M Matin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran; Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR)-Khorasan Razavi, Mashhad, Iran.
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25
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Meng Q, Zhang J, Zhong J, Zeng D, Lan D. Novel miRNA Biomarkers for Patients With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Front Neurol 2022; 13:921785. [PMID: 35873767 PMCID: PMC9298557 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.921785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Creatine kinase (CK) as a biomarker has long been expected to be replaced by other fluid biomarkers for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) because it is independent of disease severity. Growing evidence has demonstrated that muscle-specific microRNAs, known as myomiRs, can act as biomarkers for monitoring muscle pathology and disease severity of DMD patients. To gain insights into the relationship between serum myomiRs and clinical assessment, we measured serum levels of miR-1, miR-133a, miR-133b, miR-206, miR-208a, miR-208b, and miR-499 in 48 DMD patients by using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. These were then compared with age, muscle strength, muscle functions, CK levels, cardiac manifestations, and mutation types (deletions, duplications, and small mutations). When compared to 53 controls, the expression levels of myomiRs were all significantly elevated (p < 0.05). The receiver operating characteristic curves of all seven myomiRs reflected marked differences between DMD patients and healthy controls (p < 0.05). We also showed that serum levels of myomiRs were positively correlated with lower limb distal muscle strength in patients of all age groups. The levels of miR-499, miR-208b, miR-133a, and miR-133b had significant negative correlations with the time to be upright from the supine position (Gowers' time) and the time taken to climb four stairs in DMD patients older than 7 years. Serum levels of miR-1, miR-133a, miR-133b, and miR-499 in patients with cardiac involvement were remarkably higher than those in non-cardiac-involved patients. There was no significant difference in levels of myomiRs between the different mutation groups. Our results indicated that serum myomiRs could be considered as novel biomarkers for monitoring pathology/pathophysiology of DMD patients. In particular, miR-499, miR-208b, miR-133a, and miR-133b might have the ability to reflect the extent of muscle impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Meng
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiapeng Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jingzi Zhong
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Dan Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Dan Lan
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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26
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Wang S, Li L, Cook C, Zhang Y, Xia Y, Liu Y. A potential fate decision landscape of the TWEAK/Fn14 axis on stem and progenitor cells: a systematic review. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:270. [PMID: 35729659 PMCID: PMC9210594 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02930-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem and progenitor cells (SPCs) possess self-remodeling ability and differentiation potential and are responsible for the regeneration and development of organs and tissue systems. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the regulation of SPC biology remain unclear. Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) acts on miscellaneous cells via binding to fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) and exerts pleiotropic functions in the regulation of divergent stem cell fates. TWEAK/Fn14 signaling can regulate the proliferation, differentiation, and migration of multiple SPCs as well as tumorigenesis in certain contexts. Although TWEAK’s roles in modulating multiple SPCs are sparsely reported, the systemic effector functions of this multifaceted protein have not been fully elucidated. In this review, we summarized the fate decisions of TWEAK/Fn14 signaling on multiple stem cells and characterized its potential in stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Christopher Cook
- Division of Immunology and Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Yufei Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yale Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi, China.
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27
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Cong L, Xie X, Liu S, Xiang L, Fu X. Genistein promotes M1 macrophage apoptosis and reduces inflammatory response by disrupting miR-21/TIPE2 pathway. Saudi Pharm J 2022; 30:934-945. [PMID: 35903524 PMCID: PMC9315303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are a major cause of mortality, and vascular injury, a common pathological basis of cardiovascular disease, is deeply correlated with macrophage apoptosis and inflammatory response. Genistein, a type of phytoestrogen, exerts cardiovascular protective activities, but the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In this study, RAW264.7 cells were treated with genistein, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) inhibitor, and/or protein kinase B (AKT) agonist to determine the role of genistein in apoptosis and inflammation in LPS-stimulated cells. Simultaneously, high fat diet-fed C57BL/6 mice were administered genistein to evaluate the function of genistein on LPS-induced cardiovascular injury mouse model. Here, we demonstrated that LPS obviously increased apoptosis resistance and inflammatory response of macrophages by promoting miR-21 expression, and miR-21 downregulated tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein 8-like 2 (TIPE2) expression by targeting the coding region. Genistein reduced miR-21 expression by inhibiting NF-κB, then blocked toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) pathway and AKT phosphorylation dependent on TIPE2, resulting in inhibition of LPS. Our research suggests that miR-21/TIPE2 pathway is involved in M1 macrophage apoptosis and inflammatory response, and genistein inhibits the progression of LPS-induced cardiovascular injury at the epigenetic level via regulating the promoter region of Vmp1 by NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cong
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, Changsha 410013, China
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
- Corresponding authors at: School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Xiaolin Xie
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Sujuan Liu
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Liping Xiang
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xiaohua Fu
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
- Corresponding authors at: School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China.
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28
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Lai JJ, Chau ZL, Chen S, Hill JJ, Korpany KV, Liang N, Lin L, Lin Y, Liu JK, Liu Y, Lunde R, Shen W. Exosome Processing and Characterization Approaches for Research and Technology Development. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103222. [PMID: 35332686 PMCID: PMC9130923 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that share components of their parent cells and are attractive in biotechnology and biomedical research as potential disease biomarkers as well as therapeutic agents. Crucial to realizing this potential is the ability to manufacture high-quality exosomes; however, unlike biologics such as proteins, exosomes lack standardized Good Manufacturing Practices for their processing and characterization. Furthermore, there is a lack of well-characterized reference exosome materials to aid in selection of methods for exosome isolation, purification, and analysis. This review informs exosome research and technology development by comparing exosome processing and characterization methods and recommending exosome workflows. This review also provides a detailed introduction to exosomes, including their physical and chemical properties, roles in normal biological processes and in disease progression, and summarizes some of the on-going clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J. Lai
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA
| | - Zoe L. Chau
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA
| | - Sheng‐You Chen
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA
| | - John J. Hill
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA
| | | | - Nai‐Wen Liang
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu30013Taiwan
| | - Li‐Han Lin
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringNational Taiwan UniversityTaipei City10617Taiwan
| | - Yi‐Hsuan Lin
- Department of Engineering and System ScienceNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu30013Taiwan
| | - Joanne K. Liu
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA
| | - Yu‐Chung Liu
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu30013Taiwan
| | - Ruby Lunde
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWA98195USA
| | - Wei‐Ting Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental SciencesNational Tsing Hua UniversityHsinchu30013Taiwan
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29
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Marinescu MC, Lazar AL, Marta MM, Cozma A, Catana CS. Non-Coding RNAs: Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052728. [PMID: 35269870 PMCID: PMC8911068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent knowledge concerning the role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury provides new insight into their possible roles as specific biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have fewer than 200 nucleotides, while long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) have more than 200 nucleotides. The three types of ncRNAs (miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs) act as signaling molecules strongly involved in cardiovascular disorders (CVD). I/R injury of the heart is the main CVD correlated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), cardiac surgery, and transplantation. The expression levels of many ncRNAs and miRNAs are highly modified in the plasma of MI patients, and thus they have the potential to diagnose and treat MI. Cardiomyocyte and endothelial cell death is the major trigger for myocardial ischemia–reperfusion syndrome (MIRS). The cardioprotective effect of inflammasome activation in MIRS and the therapeutics targeting the reparative response could prevent progressive post-infarction heart failure. Moreover, the pharmacological and genetic modulation of these ncRNAs has the therapeutic potential to improve clinical outcomes in AMI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihnea-Cosmin Marinescu
- County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Brasov Romania, 500326 Brașov, Romania;
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Second Surgical Clinic, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrada-Luciana Lazar
- Department of Dermatology, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Monica Mihaela Marta
- Department of Medical Education, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Angela Cozma
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Cristina-Sorina Catana
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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Noncoding RNAs in Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050777. [PMID: 35269399 PMCID: PMC8908994 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a major global health concern. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are involved in physiological processes and in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including heart failure. ncRNAs have emerged as critical components of transcriptional regulatory pathways that govern cardiac development, stress response, signaling, and remodeling in cardiac pathology. Recently, studies of ncRNAs in cardiovascular disease have achieved significant development. Here, we discuss the roles of ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) that modulate the cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
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Transcriptomic Signatures of End-Stage Human Dilated Cardiomyopathy Hearts with and without Left Ventricular Assist Device Support. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042050. [PMID: 35216165 PMCID: PMC8878549 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) use in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) can lead to a differential response in the LV and right ventricle (RV), and RV failure remains the most common complication post-LVAD insertion. We assessed transcriptomic signatures in end-stage DCM, and evaluated changes in gene expression (mRNA) and regulation (microRNA/miRNA) following LVAD. LV and RV free-wall tissues were collected from end-stage DCM hearts with (n = 8) and without LVAD (n = 8). Non-failing control tissues were collected from donated hearts (n = 6). Gene expression (for mRNAs/miRNAs) was determined using microarrays. Our results demonstrate that immune response, oxygen homeostasis, and cellular physiological processes were the most enriched pathways among differentially expressed genes in both ventricles of end-stage DCM hearts. LV genes involved in circadian rhythm, muscle contraction, cellular hypertrophy, and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling were differentially expressed. In the RV, genes related to the apelin signalling pathway were affected. Following LVAD use, immune response genes improved in both ventricles; oxygen homeostasis and ECM remodelling genes improved in the LV and, four miRNAs normalized. We conclude that LVAD reduced the expression and induced additional transcriptomic changes of various mRNAs and miRNAs as an integral component of the reverse ventricular remodelling in a chamber-specific manner.
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Hosseini M, Sahebi R, Aghasizadeh M, Yazdi DF, Salaribaghoonabad R, Godsi A, Soflaei SS, Mousavitaherabad SP, Ahmadihoseini A, Bajgiran MM, Ferns GA, Darban RA, Mobarhan MG. Investigating the predictive value of microRNA21 as a biomarker in induced myocardial infarction animal model. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Ghanem N, El-Baba C, Araji K, El-Khoury R, Usta J, Darwiche N. The Pentose Phosphate Pathway in Cancer: Regulation and Therapeutic Opportunities. Chemotherapy 2021; 66:179-191. [PMID: 34775382 DOI: 10.1159/000519784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumorigenesis is associated with deregulation of nutritional requirements, intermediary metabolites production, and microenvironment interactions. Unlike their normal cell counterparts, tumor cells rely on aerobic glycolysis, through the Warburg effect. SUMMARY The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is a major glucose metabolic shunt that is upregulated in cancer cells. The PPP comprises an oxidative and a nonoxidative phase and is essential for nucleotide synthesis of rapidly dividing cells. The PPP also generates nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, which is required for reductive metabolism and to counteract oxidative stress in tumor cells. This article reviews the regulation of the PPP and discusses inhibitors that target its main pathways. Key Message: Exploiting the metabolic vulnerability of the PPP offers potential novel therapeutic opportunities and improves patients' response to cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noorhan Ghanem
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Chirine El-Baba
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Khaled Araji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Riyad El-Khoury
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Julnar Usta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nadine Darwiche
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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YQHX Alleviates H/R-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis by Downregulating miR-1. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:4852406. [PMID: 34765002 PMCID: PMC8577916 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4852406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Yiqi Huoxue granule (YQHX) inhibits cardiomyocyte apoptosis in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI); however, the underlying mechanism is unknown. In this study, hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) models were established using rat myocardial primary cells and H9c2 cells, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK) levels and cardiomyocyte apoptosis were determined. LDH release, CK activity, caspase-3 activation, mRNA and protein ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, and miR-1 expression were significantly higher (p < 0.01) in the H/R model of rat myocardial primary cells and H9c2 cells compared with the control group and was inhibited by YQHX treatment (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05). We also found that miR-1 overexpression could enhance apoptosis in cardiomyocytes, whereas apoptosis could be reduced by YQHX treatment (p < 0.01). In conclusion, YQHX alleviates H/R-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by inhibiting miR-1 expression, suggesting the potential of YQHX in preventing MIRI.
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Tanase DM, Gosav EM, Ouatu A, Badescu MC, Dima N, Ganceanu-Rusu AR, Popescu D, Floria M, Rezus E, Rezus C. Current Knowledge of MicroRNAs (miRNAs) in Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS): ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI). Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11101057. [PMID: 34685428 PMCID: PMC8541211 DOI: 10.3390/life11101057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Regardless of the newly diagnostic and therapeutic advances, coronary artery disease (CAD) and more explicitly, ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Thus, early and prompt diagnosis of cardiac dysfunction is pivotal in STEMI patients for a better prognosis and outcome. In recent years, microRNAs (miRNAs) gained attention as potential biomarkers in myocardial infarction (MI) and acute coronary syndromes (ACS), as they have key roles in heart development, various cardiac processes, and act as indicators of cardiac damage. In this review, we describe the current available knowledge about cardiac miRNAs and their functions, and focus mainly on their potential use as novel circulating diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Maria Tanase
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.M.T.); (A.O.); (M.C.B.); (N.D.); (A.R.G.-R.); (D.P.); (C.R.)
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Evelina Maria Gosav
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.M.T.); (A.O.); (M.C.B.); (N.D.); (A.R.G.-R.); (D.P.); (C.R.)
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (E.M.G.); (M.F.); (E.R.)
| | - Anca Ouatu
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.M.T.); (A.O.); (M.C.B.); (N.D.); (A.R.G.-R.); (D.P.); (C.R.)
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Minerva Codruta Badescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.M.T.); (A.O.); (M.C.B.); (N.D.); (A.R.G.-R.); (D.P.); (C.R.)
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Dima
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.M.T.); (A.O.); (M.C.B.); (N.D.); (A.R.G.-R.); (D.P.); (C.R.)
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ana Roxana Ganceanu-Rusu
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.M.T.); (A.O.); (M.C.B.); (N.D.); (A.R.G.-R.); (D.P.); (C.R.)
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Diana Popescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.M.T.); (A.O.); (M.C.B.); (N.D.); (A.R.G.-R.); (D.P.); (C.R.)
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mariana Floria
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.M.T.); (A.O.); (M.C.B.); (N.D.); (A.R.G.-R.); (D.P.); (C.R.)
- Internal Medicine Clinic, Emergency Military Clinical Hospital Iasi, 700483 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (E.M.G.); (M.F.); (E.R.)
| | - Elena Rezus
- Department of Rheumatology and Physiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- I Rheumatology Clinic, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 700661 Iasi, Romania
- Correspondence: (E.M.G.); (M.F.); (E.R.)
| | - Ciprian Rezus
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (D.M.T.); (A.O.); (M.C.B.); (N.D.); (A.R.G.-R.); (D.P.); (C.R.)
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “Sf. Spiridon” County Clinical Emergency Hospital Iasi, 700111 Iasi, Romania
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MicroRNAs and Calcium Signaling in Heart Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910582. [PMID: 34638924 PMCID: PMC8508866 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In hearts, calcium (Ca2+) signaling is a crucial regulatory mechanism of muscle contraction and electrical signals that determine heart rhythm and control cell growth. Ca2+ signals must be tightly controlled for a healthy heart, and the impairment of Ca2+ handling proteins is a key hallmark of heart disease. The discovery of microRNA (miRNAs) as a new class of gene regulators has greatly expanded our understanding of the controlling module of cardiac Ca2+ cycling. Furthermore, many studies have explored the involvement of miRNAs in heart diseases. In this review, we aim to summarize cardiac Ca2+ signaling and Ca2+-related miRNAs in pathological conditions, including cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, myocardial infarction, and atrial fibrillation. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of Ca2+-related miRNAs as a new target for the treatment of heart diseases.
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Pharmacology of Catechins in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury of the Heart. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091390. [PMID: 34573022 PMCID: PMC8465198 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Catechins represent a group of polyphenols that possesses various beneficial effects in the cardiovascular system, including protective effects in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, a major pathophysiology associated with ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, as well as with cardioplegic arrest during heart surgery. In particular, catechin, (−)-epicatechin, and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) have been reported to prevent cardiac myocytes from I/R-induced cell damage and I/R-associated molecular changes, finally, resulting in improved cell viability, reduced infarct size, and improved recovery of cardiac function after ischemic insult, which has been widely documented in experimental animal studies and cardiac-derived cell lines. Cardioprotective effects of catechins in I/R injury were mediated via multiple molecular mechanisms, including inhibition of apoptosis; activation of cardioprotective pathways, such as PI3K/Akt (RISK) pathway; and inhibition of stress-associated pathways, including JNK/p38-MAPK; preserving mitochondrial function; and/or modulating autophagy. Moreover, regulatory roles of several microRNAs, including miR-145, miR-384-5p, miR-30a, miR-92a, as well as lncRNA MIAT, were documented in effects of catechins in cardiac I/R. On the other hand, the majority of results come from cell-based experiments and healthy small animals, while studies in large animals and studies including comorbidities or co-medications are rare. Human studies are lacking completely. The dosages of compounds also vary in a broad scale, thus, pharmacological aspects of catechins usage in cardiac I/R are inconclusive so far. Therefore, the aim of this focused review is to summarize the most recent knowledge on the effects of catechins in cardiac I/R injury and bring deep insight into the molecular mechanisms involved and dosage-dependency of these effects, as well as to outline potential gaps for translation of catechin-based treatments into clinical practice.
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Nemcekova V, Kmecova Z, Bies Pivackova L, Goncalvesova E, Krenek P, Doka G, Klimas J. Hematocrit-Related Alterations of Circulating microRNA-21 Levels in Heart Failure Patients with Reduced Ejection Fraction: A Preliminary Study. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2021; 25:302-306. [PMID: 33877895 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2020.0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Circulating microRNA-21 (miR-21) has been utilized as a diagnostic tool in the assessment of heart failure (HF). Blood constitution may be altered when HF occurs and miR-21 may affect hematopoiesis. Sample hemolysis may influence the determination of circulating miRNAs, challenging the diagnostic use of miRNAs. Methods: We examined the relationship between blood measurements and miR-21 levels in ambulant chronic HF patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF; n = 19). Healthy volunteers (n = 11) served as controls. Serum miR-21 levels were measured through quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and we calculated the hemolysis score (H-score). Study was approved by an Institutional Review Board (EK FaF UK 02/2018). Results: MiR-21 serum levels were reduced in HFrEF patients compared with the controls (p < 0.05), without relationship to New York Heart Association class, left ventricular ejection fraction or N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide levels. MiR-21 levels decreased markedly in anemic patients, compared with those with normal hematocrits (p < 0.05). We found a significant relationship between miR-21 to hematocrit (p < 0.05) and hemoglobin concentration (p < 0.05). Importantly, we found a correlation between hematocrit and sample H-score (p < 0.05) in the cohort of HFrEF patients; however, there was no correlation between hemolysis and miR-21. Conclusion: Circulating miR-21 levels were decreased in HFrEF patients and hematocrit was identified as a factor associated with this abnormality. This suggests that miR-21 mirrors other characteristics of HFrEF patients rather than the standard identifiers of HF severity and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viera Nemcekova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.,St. Michael's University Hospital, 2nd Internal Ambulance, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Kmecova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Bies Pivackova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eva Goncalvesova
- Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Department of Heart Failure, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Clinic of Cardiology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Krenek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Gabriel Doka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jan Klimas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Mariani M, Castagna C, Boccia S, Pastorino R. The Prognostic Role of Micro-RNAs in Head and Neck Cancers: An Umbrella Review. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11080821. [PMID: 34442465 PMCID: PMC8400907 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11080821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted an umbrella review which synthetizes the findings of systematic reviews available in the literature that investigate the prognostic role of miRNAs as potential biomarkers in the field of tertiary prevention of head and neck Cancer (HNC). We selected systematic reviews in English related to HNC, with meta-analysis of observational studies that reported quantitative prognostic measures, hazard ratios (HRs), overall survival (OS) or disease-free survival (DFS). The methodological quality of the included reviews was assessed by using the AMSTAR-2 tool. The most reported miRNAs were the following: miRNA2, Let7 family and miR17, etc. Four out of six reviews particularly emphasized the link between miRNA21 expression and HNC patients. Recently the cumulative effects of sets of miRNAs have been increasingly studied and might be a stronger predictor of survival than single miRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Mariani
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (S.B.)
| | - Carolina Castagna
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-338-783-8612
| | - Stefania Boccia
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Section of Hygiene, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.M.); (S.B.)
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health-Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Roberta Pastorino
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health-Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
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Circulating MicroRNAs and Novel Proteins as Potential Biomarkers of Neurological Complications after Heart Bypass Surgery. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10143091. [PMID: 34300256 PMCID: PMC8303535 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10143091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Postoperative recovery can be impaired by many conditions, some of which are difficult to diagnose clinically. These include type 2 neurological complications such as hypoactive subtype of postoperative delirium (PD) and early postoperative cognitive dysfunction (ePOCD). Hope for their timely detection may lie with novel biomarkers. Plasma concentrations of microRNA-1-3p, microRNA-21-5p, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuroserpin (NSP), phosphorylated axonal neurofilament subunit H (pNfH) and visinin-like protein 1 (VILIP-1) were investigated in 30 patients undergoing elective off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting. Blood samples were collected at the start and end of a surgery as well as 24 h postoperatively. Associations between the studied biomarkers’ perioperative expression and type 2 neurological complications were analyzed. PD was associated with postoperative expression of GFAP; ePOCD was associated with postoperative expression of microRNA-21-5p and GFAP as well as intraoperative expression of NSP. The predictive accuracy of these molecules was found acceptable, with all their areas under the curve (AUC) values above 0.7. Multivariable regression indicated that microRNA-21-5p, GFAP and NSP were the only significant predictors of ePOCD. Evaluation of a multi-marker model including these three molecules revealed its outstanding predictive accuracy for ePOCD (AUC = 0.95). The use of microRNA-21-5p, GFAP and NSP for monitoring postoperative recovery warrants further research considering their potential to predict PD and ePOCD.
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Khan H, Gamble D, Mezincescu A, Abbas H, Rudd A, Dawson D. A systematic review of biomarkers in Takotsubo syndrome: A focus on better understanding the pathophysiology. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2021; 34:100795. [PMID: 34095448 PMCID: PMC8164033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2021.100795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis of Takotsubo syndrome is made based on clinical presentation, ECG, biomarker, imaging and coronary angiography. There is a lack of diagnostic biomarkers that can discriminate patients with Takotsubo syndrome from those with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and provide clinical monitoring and prognostic information in the long-term. METHODS A literature search of published Takotsubo syndrome biomarkers from PubMed was performed. All studies that included numerical biomarker data on Takotsubo syndrome was included. Exclusion criteria was any study without an AMI cohort for comparison in the acute phase biomarkers or due to the absence of numerical values. The results were tabulated in table form with results expressed as either mean ± SD or median (interquartile range). RESULTS The literature search produced 14 relevant studies that met search criteria. The results showed; high sensitivity Troponin I (3.21 ± 4.4 vs 34.4 ± 37 ng/ml), BNP [972 (578.5-1671.0) pg/L vs 358 (50.5-688.0) pg/L in NSTEMI and vs 381 (106.0-934.0) pg/L in STEMI] and BNP/Troponin I ratio [642 (331.8-1226.5) vs 184.5 (50.5-372.3) pg/ug in NSTEMI and 7.5 (2.0-29.6) pg/ug in STEMI] patients. DISCUSSION This study is limited by many studies being retrospective cohort studies. This data shows that acutely troponin is raised in Takotsubo syndrome but not enough to be discriminating from AMI. BNP level is significantly raised in Takotsubo syndrome compared to AMI. CONCLUSION Current specificity of acute and chronic biomarkers for Takotsubo syndrome is lacking and further work is needed to address the gap in knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Khan
- Cardiology Research Group, Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - David Gamble
- Cardiology Research Group, Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Alice Mezincescu
- Cardiology Research Group, Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Hassan Abbas
- Cardiology Research Group, Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Amelia Rudd
- Cardiology Research Group, Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Dana Dawson
- Cardiology Research Group, Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
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Galluzzo A, Gallo S, Pardini B, Birolo G, Fariselli P, Boretto P, Vitacolonna A, Peraldo-Neia C, Spilinga M, Volpe A, Celentani D, Pidello S, Bonzano A, Matullo G, Giustetto C, Bergerone S, Crepaldi T. Identification of novel circulating microRNAs in advanced heart failure by next-generation sequencing. ESC Heart Fail 2021; 8:2907-2919. [PMID: 33934544 PMCID: PMC8318428 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Risk stratification in patients with advanced chronic heart failure (HF) is an unmet need. Circulating microRNA (miRNA) levels have been proposed as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in several diseases including HF. The aims of the present study were to characterize HF‐specific miRNA expression profiles and to identify miRNAs with prognostic value in HF patients. Methods and results We performed a global miRNome analysis using next‐generation sequencing in the plasma of 30 advanced chronic HF patients and of matched healthy controls. A small subset of miRNAs was validated by real‐time PCR (P < 0.0008). Pearson's correlation analysis was computed between miRNA expression levels and common HF markers. Multivariate prediction models were exploited to evaluate miRNA profiles' prognostic role. Thirty‐two miRNAs were found to be dysregulated between the two groups. Six miRNAs (miR‐210‐3p, miR‐22‐5p, miR‐22‐3p, miR‐21‐3p, miR‐339‐3p, and miR‐125a‐5p) significantly correlated with HF biomarkers, among which N‐terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide. Inside the cohort of advanced HF population, we identified three miRNAs (miR‐125a‐5p, miR‐10b‐5p, and miR‐9‐5p) altered in HF patients experiencing the primary endpoint of cardiac death, heart transplantation, or mechanical circulatory support implantation when compared with those without clinical events. The three miRNAs added substantial prognostic power to Barcelona Bio‐HF score, a multiparametric and validated risk stratification tool for HF (from area under the curve = 0.72 to area under the curve = 0.82). Conclusions This discovery study has characterized, for the first time, the advanced chronic HF‐specific miRNA expression pattern. We identified a few miRNAs able to improve the prognostic stratification of HF patients based on common clinical and laboratory values. Further studies are needed to validate our results in larger populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Galluzzo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy.,Ospedale Sant'Andrea, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Simona Gallo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy
| | - Barbara Pardini
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy.,Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Birolo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Piero Fariselli
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Boretto
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Annapia Vitacolonna
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy
| | - Caterina Peraldo-Neia
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy.,Laboratory of Cancer Genomics, Fondazione Edo ed Elvo Tempia, Biella, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Volpe
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Dario Celentani
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Stefano Pidello
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Matullo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Carla Giustetto
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Serena Bergerone
- A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Tiziana Crepaldi
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.,Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, Turin, Italy
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43
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Khudiakov AA, Panshin DD, Fomicheva YV, Knyazeva AA, Simonova KA, Lebedev DS, Mikhaylov EN, Kostareva AA. Different Expressions of Pericardial Fluid MicroRNAs in Patients With Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy and Ischemic Heart Disease Undergoing Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:647812. [PMID: 33816578 PMCID: PMC8017144 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.647812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Pericardial fluid is enriched with biologically active molecules of cardiovascular origin including microRNAs. Investigation of the disease-specific extracellular microRNAs could shed light on the molecular processes underlying disease development. Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is an inherited heart disease characterized by life-threatening arrhythmias and progressive heart failure development. The current data about the association between microRNAs and ARVC development are limited. Methods and Results: We performed small RNA sequence analysis of microRNAs of pericardial fluid samples obtained during transcutaneous epicardial access for ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation of six patients with definite ARVC and three post-infarction VT patients. Disease-associated microRNAs of pericardial fluid were identified. Five microRNAs (hsa-miR-1-3p, hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-122-5p, hsa-miR-206, and hsa-miR-3679-5p) were found to be differentially expressed between patients with ARVC and patients with post-infarction VT. Enrichment analysis of differentially expressed microRNAs revealed their close linkage to cardiac diseases. Conclusion: Our data extend the knowledge of pericardial fluid microRNA composition and highlight five pericardial fluid microRNAs potentially linked to ARVC pathogenesis. Further studies are required to confirm the use of pericardial fluid RNA sequencing in differential diagnosis of ARVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr A Khudiakov
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Daniil D Panshin
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yulia V Fomicheva
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia A Knyazeva
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ksenia A Simonova
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitry S Lebedev
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Bioengineering Systems, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI", Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Evgeny N Mikhaylov
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Bioengineering Systems, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University "LETI", Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna A Kostareva
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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44
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Jenike AE, Halushka MK. miR-21: a non-specific biomarker of all maladies. Biomark Res 2021; 9:18. [PMID: 33712063 PMCID: PMC7953557 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00272-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNA-21 is among the most abundant and highly conserved microRNAs (miRNAs) recognized. It is expressed in essentially all cells where it performs vital regulatory roles in health and disease. It is also frequently claimed to be a biomarker of diseases such as cancer and heart disease in bodily-fluid based miRNA studies. Here we dissociate its contributions to cellular physiology and pathology from its potential as a biomarker. We show how it has been claimed as a specific predictive or prognostic biomarker by at least 29 diseases. Thus, it has no specificity to any one disease. As a result, it should not be considered a viable candidate to be a biomarker, despite its continued evaluation as such. This theme of multiple assignments of a miRNA as a biomarker is shared with other common, ubiquitous miRNAs and should be concerning for them as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana E Jenike
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Ross Bldg. Rm 632B, 720 Rutland Avenue, MD, 21205, Baltimore, USA
| | - Marc K Halushka
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Ross Bldg. Rm 632B, 720 Rutland Avenue, MD, 21205, Baltimore, USA.
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45
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Jakubik D, Fitas A, Eyileten C, Jarosz-Popek J, Nowak A, Czajka P, Wicik Z, Sourij H, Siller-Matula JM, De Rosa S, Postula M. MicroRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in the pathophysiological processes of diabetic cardiomyopathy: emerging biomarkers and potential therapeutics. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2021; 20:55. [PMID: 33639953 PMCID: PMC7916283 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-021-01245-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidemic of diabetes mellitus (DM) necessitates the development of novel therapeutic and preventative strategies to attenuate complications of this debilitating disease. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a frequent disorder affecting individuals diagnosed with DM characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy, diastolic and systolic dysfunction and myocardial fibrosis in the absence of other heart diseases. Progression of DCM is associated with impaired cardiac insulin metabolic signaling, increased oxidative stress, impaired mitochondrial and cardiomyocyte calcium metabolism, and inflammation. Various non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), as well as their target genes are implicated in the complex pathophysiology of DCM. It has been demonstrated that miRNAs and lncRNAs play an important role in maintaining homeostasis through regulation of multiple genes, thus they attract substantial scientific interest as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and as a potential therapeutic strategy in DM complications. This article will review the different miRNAs and lncRNA studied in the context of DM, including type 1 and type 2 diabetes and the contribution of pathophysiological mechanisms including inflammatory response, oxidative stress, apoptosis, hypertrophy and fibrosis to the development of DCM .
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Jakubik
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alex Fitas
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ceren Eyileten
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Jarosz-Popek
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.,Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Nowak
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pamela Czajka
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zofia Wicik
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.,Centro de Matemática, Computação e Cognição, Universidade Federal Do ABC, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Harald Sourij
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jolanta M Siller-Matula
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Salvatore De Rosa
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy.,Cardiovascular Research Center, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Marek Postula
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CEPT, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.
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46
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Role of Selected miRNAs as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Diseases, Including Coronary Artery Disease, Myocardial Infarction and Atherosclerosis. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2021; 8:jcdd8020022. [PMID: 33669699 PMCID: PMC7923109 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd8020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide in different cohorts. It is well known that miRNAs have a crucial role in regulating the development of cardiovascular physiology, thus impacting the pathophysiology of heart diseases. MiRNAs also have been reported to be associated with cardiac reactions, leading to myocardial infarction (MCI) and ultimately heart failure (HF). To prevent these heart diseases, proper and timely diagnosis of cardiac dysfunction is pivotal. Though there are many symptoms associated with an irregular heart condition and though there are some biomarkers available that may indicate heart disease, authentic, specific and sensitive markers are the need of the hour. In recent times, miRNAs have proven to be promising candidates in this regard. They are potent biomarkers as they can be easily detected in body fluids (blood, urine, etc.) due to their remarkable stability and presence in apoptotic bodies and exosomes. Existing studies suggest the role of miRNAs as valuable biomarkers. A single biomarker may be insufficient to diagnose coronary artery disease (CAD) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI); thus, a combination of different miRNAs may prove fruitful. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the role of circulating miRNA as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial infarction (MI) and atherosclerosis.
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47
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Spinka G, Bartko PE, Pavo N, Freitag C, Zlabinger K, Prausmüller S, Arfsten H, Heitzinger G, Mascherbauer J, Hengstenberg C, Gyöngyösi M, Hülsmann M, Goliasch G. Secondary mitral regurgitation-Insights from microRNA assessment. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13381. [PMID: 32780418 PMCID: PMC7900984 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While secondary mitral regurgitation (sMR) is associated with adverse outcome in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), key pathophysiologic mechanisms remain poorly understood and might be elucidated by microRNAs (miRNA/miR), that were recently related to cardiac remodelling. This study sought to assess (i) the differences of miRNA profiles in patients with severe sMR compared to matched disease controls, (ii) the correlation between circulating miRNAs and surrogates of sMR severity as well as (iii) the prognostic implications of miRNA levels in severe sMR. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-six HFrEF patients were included, of these 44 patients with severe sMR 2:1 matched to HFrEF controls with no/mild sMR. A comprehensive set of miRNAs (miR-21, miR-29a, miR-122, miR-132, miR-133a, miR-let7i) were measured and correlated to echocardiographic sMR severity. RESULTS miRNA patterns differed distinctly between patients with severe sMR and HFrEF controls (P < .05). Among the panel of assessed miRNAs, miR-133a correlated most strongly with surrogates of sMR severity (r = -0.41, P = .001 with sMR vena contracta width). Interestingly, elevated levels of miR-133 were associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular death and/or HF hospitalizations with and adjusted HR of 1.85 (95% CI 1.24-2.76, P = .003). CONCLUSIONS This study unveils distinct pathophysiologic maladaptions at a cellular level in patients with severe sMR compared to no/mild sMR by showing significant differences in miRNA profiles and correlations with sMR severity, supporting the concept that sMR drives cardiac remodelling in heart failure. Moreover, the increased risk for adverse outcome in HFrEF patients with severe sMR conveyed by miR-133a might indicate irreversible myocardial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Spinka
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp E Bartko
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Noemi Pavo
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Freitag
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katrin Zlabinger
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Suriya Prausmüller
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Henrike Arfsten
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Heitzinger
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Mascherbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Mariann Gyöngyösi
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Hülsmann
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Goliasch
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Kura B, Kalocayova B, Szeiffova Bacova B, Fulop M, Sagatova A, Sykora M, Andelova K, Abuawad Z, Slezak J. The effect of selected drugs on the mitigation of myocardial injury caused by gamma radiation. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 99:80-88. [PMID: 33438486 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2020-0323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Radiation damage of healthy tissues represents one of the complications of radiotherapy effectiveness. This study is focused on the screening of potentially effective drugs routinely used in medical practice and involved in the mechanism of radiation injury, namely for radiation-induced production of free radicals in the body. Experiments in rats revealed significant reduction of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde) and inflammatory marker (tumor necrosis factor α) in 10 Gy irradiated groups after administration of atorvastatin and a slight decrease after tadalafil administration, which indicates that one of the possible mechanisms for mitigation of radiation-induced cardiac damage could be the modulation of nitric oxide (NO) in endothelium and phosphodiesterase 5. In addition, miRNAs were analyzed as potential markers and therapeutically effective molecules. Expression of miRNA-21 and miRNA-15b showed the most significant changes after irradiation. Atorvastatin and tadalafil normalized changes of miRNA (miRNA-1, miRNA-15b, miRNA-21) expression levels in irradiated hearts. This screening study concludes that administration of specific drugs could mitigate the negative impact of radiation on the heart, but more detailed experiments oriented to other aspects of drug effectiveness and their exact mechanisms are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Branislav Kura
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute for Heart Research, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Barbora Kalocayova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute for Heart Research, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Barbara Szeiffova Bacova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute for Heart Research, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Marko Fulop
- Slovak Medical University, 831 01, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Andrea Sagatova
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Institute of Nuclear and Physical Engineering, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, 812 19 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Matus Sykora
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute for Heart Research, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Katarina Andelova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute for Heart Research, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ziad Abuawad
- Faculty of Public Health, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Jan Slezak
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute for Heart Research, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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49
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Guo H, Zhao X, Su H, Ma C, Liu K, Kong S, Liu K, Li H, Chang J, Wang T, Guo H, Wei H, Fu Z, Lv X, Li Y. miR-21 is upregulated, promoting fibrosis and blocking G2/M in irradiated rat cardiac fibroblasts. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10502. [PMID: 33354435 PMCID: PMC7733651 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Radiation exposure of the thorax is associated with a greatly increased risk of cardiac morbidity and mortality even after several decades of advancement in the field. Although many studies have demonstrated the damaging influence of ionizing radiation on cardiac fibroblast (CF) structure and function, myocardial fibrosis, the molecular mechanism behind this damage is not well understood. miR-21, a small microRNA, promotes the activation of CFs, leading to cardiac fibrosis. miR-21 is overexpressed after irradiation; however, the relationship between increased miR-21 and myocardial fibrosis after irradiation is unclear. This study was conducted to investigate gene expression after radiation-induced CF damage and the role of miR-21 in this process in rats. Methods We sequenced irradiated rat CFs and performed weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) combined with differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis to observe the effect on the expression profile of CF genes after radiation. Results DEG analysis showed that the degree of gene changes increased with the radiation dose. WGCNA revealed three module eigengenes (MEs) associated with 8.5-Gy-radiation—the Yellow, Brown, Blue modules. The three module eigengenes were related to apoptosis, G2/M phase, and cell death and S phase, respectively. By blocking with the cardiac fibrosis miRNA miR-21, we found that miR-21 was associated with G2/M blockade in the cell cycle and was mainly involved in regulating extracellular matrix-related genes, including Grem1, Clu, Gdf15, Ccl7, and Cxcl1. Stem-loop quantitative real-time PCR was performed to verify the expression of these genes. Five genes showed higher expression after 8.5 Gy-radiation in CFs. The target genes of miR-21 predicted online were Gdf15 and Rsad2, which showed much higher expression after treatment with antagomir-miR-21 in 8.5-Gy-irradiated CFs. Thus, miR-21 may play the role of fibrosis and G2/M blockade in regulating Grem1, Clu, Gdf15, Ccl7, Cxcl1, and Rsad2 post-irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lan Zhou University, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China.,Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China.,Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Sciences, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Xinke Zhao
- Department of Interventional Section, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China.,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Fuwai Hospital, Bei Jing, China
| | - Haixiang Su
- Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Sciences, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Chengxu Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Shanshan Kong
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Kedan Liu
- Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Sciences, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Haining Li
- Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Sciences, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Juan Chang
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Sciences, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Hongyun Guo
- Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Sciences, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Huiping Wei
- Department of Interventional Section, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Fu
- Department of Interventional Section, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Xinfang Lv
- Gansu Provincial Academic Institute for Medical Sciences, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
| | - Yingdong Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lan Zhou University, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China.,Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lan Zhou, Gan Su, China
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50
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Barbalata T, Zhang L, Dulceanu MD, Stancu CS, Devaux Y, Sima AV, Niculescu LS. Regulation of microRNAs in high-fat diet induced hyperlipidemic hamsters. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20549. [PMID: 33239653 PMCID: PMC7688633 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77539-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is a documented risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and other metabolic disorders. Therefore, the analysis of hyperlipidemia (HL)-related miRNAs is a potential approach for achieving new prognostic markers in lipid-metabolism related diseases. We aimed to analyze specific distribution of miRNAs in different tissues from HL animals. Golden Syrian hamsters were fed either regular chow (NL) or high-fat diet (HL) for 12 weeks. Microarray miRNAs profiling was performed in liver, heart and small intestine and data analyzed by R-studio software. Functional enrichment bioinformatics analysis was performed using miRWalk and DAVID tools. We observed a dysregulation of miRNAs in HL tissues evidencing a discrete distribution in the heart-liver axis and three lipid metabolism-related miRNAs were identified: hsa-miR-223-3p, hsa-miR-21-5p, and hsa-miR-146a-5p. Expression levels of these miRNAs were increased in HL livers and hearts. Functional bioinformatics analysis showed involvement of these miRNAs in the regulation of biological processes altered in HL conditions such as lipid metabolic process, fat cell differentiation, regulation of smooth muscle cells and cardiac septum development. We identified a set of miRNAs dysregulated in different tissues of HFD-induced HL hamsters. These findings motivate further studies aiming to investigate novel molecular mechanisms of lipid metabolism and atherogenic HL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Barbalata
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B. P. Hasdeu Street, 050568, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lu Zhang
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1445, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Madalina D Dulceanu
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B. P. Hasdeu Street, 050568, Bucharest, Romania.,Synevo Romania, 81, Pache Protopopescu Ave, 021408, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Camelia S Stancu
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B. P. Hasdeu Street, 050568, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1445, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Anca V Sima
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B. P. Hasdeu Street, 050568, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Loredan S Niculescu
- Lipidomics Department, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu" of the Romanian Academy, 8, B. P. Hasdeu Street, 050568, Bucharest, Romania.
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