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Kang JW, He JP, Liu YN, Zhang Y, Song SS, Xu QX, Wei SW, Lu L, Meng XQ, Xu L, Guo B, Su RW. Aberrant activated Notch1 promotes prostate enlargement driven by androgen signaling via disrupting mitochondrial function in mouse. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:155. [PMID: 38538986 PMCID: PMC10973062 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05143-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The prostate is a vital accessory gonad in the mammalian male reproductive system. With the ever-increasing proportion of the population over 60 years of age worldwide, the incidence of prostate diseases, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa), is on the rise and is gradually becoming a significant medical problem globally. The notch signaling pathway is essential in regulating prostate early development. However, the potential regulatory mechanism of Notch signaling in prostatic enlargement and hyperplasia remains unclear. In this study, we proved that overactivation of Notch1 signaling in mouse prostatic epithelial cells (OEx) led to prostatic enlargement via enhancing proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis of prostatic epithelial cells. Further study showed that N1ICD/RBPJ directly up-regulated the androgen receptor (AR) and enhanced prostatic sensitivity to androgens. Hyper-proliferation was not found in orchidectomized OEx mice without androgen supply but was observed after Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) supplementation. Our data showed that the number of mitochondrion in prostatic epithelial cells of OEx mice was increased, but the mitochondrial function was impaired, and the essential activity of the mitochondrial respiratory electron transport chain was significantly weakened. Disordered mitochondrial number and metabolic function further resulted in excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Importantly, anti-oxidant N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine (NAC) therapy could alleviate prostatic hyperplasia caused by the over-activation of Notch1 signaling. Furthermore, we observed the incremental Notch signaling activity in progenitor-like club cells in the scRNA-seq data set of human BPH patients. Moreover, the increased number of TROP2+ progenitors and Club cells was also confirmed in our OEx mice. In conclusion, our study revealed that over-activated Notch1 signaling induces prostatic enlargement by increasing androgen receptor sensitivity, disrupting cellular mitochondrial metabolism, increasing ROS, and a higher number of progenitor cells, all of which can be effectively rescued by NAC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Wen Kang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jia-Peng He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Ying-Nan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shan-Shan Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Qi-Xin Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shu-Wen Wei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lei Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiang-Qi Meng
- Department of General Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Lin Xu
- College of Sports and Human Science, Harbin Sport University, Harbin, PR China.
| | - Bin Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China.
| | - Ren-Wei Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccine Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Kamińska A, Lustofin S, Brzoskwinia M, Duliban M, Cyran-Gryboś J, Bilińska B, Hejmej A. Androgens and Notch signaling cooperate in seminiferous epithelium to regulate genes related to germ cell development and apoptosis. Reprod Biol 2024; 24:100878. [PMID: 38490111 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2024.100878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
It was reported previously that in adult males disruption of both androgen and Notch signaling impairs spermatid development and germ cell survival in rodent seminiferous epithelium. To explain the molecular mechanisms of these effects, we focused on the interaction between Notch signaling and androgen receptor (AR) in Sertoli cells and investigate its role in the control of proteins involved in apical ectoplasmic specializations, actin remodeling during spermiogenesis, and induction of germ cell apoptosis. First, it was revealed that in rat testicular explants ex vivo both testosterone and Notch signaling modulate AR expression and cooperate in the regulation of spermiogenesis-related genes (Nectin2, Afdn, Arp2, Eps8) and apoptosis-related genes (Fasl, Fas, Bax, Bcl2). Further, altered expression of these genes was found following exposure of Sertoli cells (TM4 cell line) and germ cells (GC-2 cell line) to ligands for Notch receptors (Delta-like1, Delta-like4, and Jagged1) and/or Notch pathway inhibition. Finally, direct interactions of Notch effector, Hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif protein 1, and the promoter of Ar gene or AR protein were revealed in TM4 Sertoli cells. In conclusion, Notch pathway activity in Sertoli and germ cells regulates genes related to germ cell development and apoptosis acting both directly and indirectly by influencing androgen signaling in Sertoli cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Kamińska
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Sylwia Lustofin
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Brzoskwinia
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Michał Duliban
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Cyran-Gryboś
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Bilińska
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Hejmej
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
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Li L, Xin Q, Zhang L, Miao Z, Zhu Z, Huang Q, Zheng N. Analysis of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network of embryonic gonadal development in Mulard duck. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103303. [PMID: 38096667 PMCID: PMC10762475 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to explore the regulatory mechanism of differences in embryonic gonadal development between intergeneric distance hybrid offspring Mulard ducks and parent ducks. The morphological differences gonadal tissues of Muscovy ducks, Pekin ducks and Mulard ducks at 12.5-day embryonic age were observed by sectioning and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Then followed by transcriptome sequencing to screen for gonadal development-related differentially expressed circRNAs and mRNAs to construct a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network. Finally, qRT-PCR and luciferase reporter system were used to verify the sequencing data and targeting relationship of ceRNA pairs. The results showed that the seminiferous tubule lumen of Mulard ducks was not obvious, while there were obvious seminiferous tubules and tubular structures in testis of Pekin ducks and Muscovy ducks, with number and shape indicating maturity. There were 18 upregulated circRNAs and 16 downregulated circRNAs in Mulard ducks and Pekin ducks, respectively, and 39 upregulated circRNAs and 1 downregulated circRNA in Mulard ducks and Muscovy ducks, respectively. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis found that genes involves in dorso-ventral axis formation, for example, neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 (NOTCH1), were significantly enriched (P < 0.05). The novel_circ_0002265-gga-miR-122-5p-PAFAH1B2 regulatory network was constructed. The qRT-PCR results showed that the sequencing results were reliable. The dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that gga-miR-122-5p exists binding site of circ_0002265 and PAFAH1B2, indicating circ_0002265-gga-miR-122-5p-PAFAH1B2 targeting relationship. In summary, the embryonic gonadal development of intergeneric hybrid Mulard ducks may be regulated by differentially expressed circRNAs and genes, such as novel_circ_0000519, novel_circ_0003537, NOTCH1, FGFR2, PAFAH1B1, and PAFAH1B2, among which circ_0002265-gga-miR-122-5p-PAFAH1B2 may participate in the targeted regulation of gonadal development in Mulard ducks. The findings of this study are helpful for analyzing the mechanism of embryonic gonadal development differences in avians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Qingwu Xin
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Linli Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Zhongwei Miao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Zhiming Zhu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Qinlou Huang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Nenzhu Zheng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Fujian Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Fuzhou 350013, China.
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Liu Y, Liu Y, Chen S, Kong Z, Guo Y, Wang H. Prenatal exposure to acetaminophen at different doses, courses and time causes testicular dysplasia in offspring mice and its mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 345:140496. [PMID: 37865203 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological investigation suggested that the use of acetaminophen during pregnancy may cause offspring testicular dysplasia, but no systematic study has been conducted. In this study, Kunming mice were given acetaminophen at different doses (100/200/400 mg/kg.d), courses (single/multiple), time (second/third trimester) during pregnancy. Fetal blood and testes were collected on gestaional day 18 for detection. The results indicated abnormal testicular development in the PAcE (prenatal acetaminophen exposure) groups. The maximum diameter/cross-sectional area decreased, the interstitial space widened, and decreased proliferation/increased apoptosis were observed, especially in the high-dose, multi-course and second-trimester groups. Meanwhile, the serum testosterone level decreased in PAcE groups, and the steroid synthesis function in Leydig cells, Sertoli and spermatogenic cell function were inhibited, it was more significant in high-dose, multi-course and second-trimester groups. Furthermore, Wnt signal pathway was activated but Notch signal pathway was inhibited in the PAcE groups. Finally, in vitro experiment, acetaminophen could inhibit spermatogonial cell proliferation, enhance apoptosis, and change Wnt/Notch signal pathway. In conclusion, this study confirmed that PAcE can change fetal testicular development in a dose, course and time-dependent manner, and found that multicellular function impaired. This study provides theoretical and experimental basis for systematically elucidating the developmental toxicity of acetaminophen in testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Sijia Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Ziyu Kong
- Department of Pharmacology, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, TaiKang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Lustofin S, Kaminska A, Brzoskwinia M, Pardyak L, Pawlicki P, Szpregiel I, Bilinska B, Hejmej A. Follicle-stimulating hormone regulates Notch signalling in the seminiferous epithelium of continuously and seasonally breeding rodents. Reprod Fertil Dev 2022; 34:560-575. [PMID: 35143740 DOI: 10.1071/rd21237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Juxtacrine (contact-dependent) communication between the cells of seminiferous epithelium mediated by Notch signalling is of importance for the proper course of spermatogenesis in mammals. AIMS The present study was designed to evaluate the role of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in the regulation of Notch signalling in rodent seminiferous epithelium. METHODS We explored the effects (1) of pharmacological inhibition of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis and FSH replacement in pubertal rats, and (2) of photoinhibition of HPG axis followed by FSH substitution in seasonally breeding rodents, bank voles, on Notch pathway activity. Experiments on isolated rat Sertoli cells exposed to FSH were also performed. Gene and protein expressions of Notch pathway components were analysed using RT-qPCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence. KEY RESULTS Distribution patterns of Notch pathway proteins in bank vole and rat seminiferous epithelium were comparable; however, levels of activated Notch1 and Notch3, hairy/enhancer of split 1 (HES1) and hairy/enhancer of split-related with YRPW motif 1 (HEY1) in bank voles were dependent on the length of the photoperiod. In response to FSH similar changes in these proteins were found in both species, indicating that FSH is a negative regulator of Notch pathway activity in seminiferous epithelium. CONCLUSIONS Our results support a common mechanism of FSH action on Notch pathway during onset and recrudescence of spermatogenesis in rodents. IMPLICATIONS Interaction between FSH signalling and Notch pathway in Sertoli cells may be involved in spermatogenic activity changes of the testes occurring during puberty or photoperiod shift in continuously and seasonally breeding rodents, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Lustofin
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Alicja Kaminska
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Brzoskwinia
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Laura Pardyak
- Center of Experimental and Innovative Medicine, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 30-248 Krakow, Poland
| | - Piotr Pawlicki
- Center of Experimental and Innovative Medicine, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 30-248 Krakow, Poland
| | - Izabela Szpregiel
- Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 30-059 Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Bilinska
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Hejmej
- Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
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Lustofin S, Kamińska A, Brzoskwinia M, Cyran J, Kotula-Balak M, Bilińska B, Hejmej A. Nuclear and Membrane Receptors for Sex Steroids Are Involved in the Regulation of Delta/Serrate/LAG-2 Proteins in Rodent Sertoli Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042284. [PMID: 35216398 PMCID: PMC8876387 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Delta/Serrate/LAG-2 (DSL) proteins, which serve as ligands for Notch receptors, mediate direct cell–cell interactions involved in the determination of cell fate and functioning. The present study aimed to explore the role of androgens and estrogens, and their receptors in the regulation of DSL proteins in Sertoli cells. To this end, primary rat Sertoli cells and TM4 Sertoli cell line were treated with either testosterone or 17β-estradiol and antagonists of their receptors. To confirm the role of particular receptors, knockdown experiments were performed. mRNA and protein expressions of Jagged1 (JAG1), Delta-like1 (DLL1), and Delta-like4 (DLL4) were analyzed using RT-qPCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence. Testosterone caused downregulation of JAG1 and DLL1 expression, acting through membrane androgen receptor ZRT- and Irt-like protein 9 (ZIP9) or nuclear androgen receptor (AR), respectively. DLL4 was stimulated by testosterone in the manner independent of AR and ZIP9 in Sertoli cells. The expression of all studied DSL proteins was upregulated by 17β-estradiol. Estrogen action on JAG1 and DLL1 was mediated chiefly via estrogen receptor α (ERα), while DLL4 was controlled via estrogen receptor β (ERβ) and membrane G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER). To summarize, the co-operation of nuclear and membrane receptors for sex steroids controls DSL proteins in Sertoli cells, contributing to balanced Notch signaling activity in seminiferous epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Lustofin
- Department of EndocrinologyInstitute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (S.L.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (J.C.); (B.B.)
| | - Alicja Kamińska
- Department of EndocrinologyInstitute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (S.L.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (J.C.); (B.B.)
| | - Małgorzata Brzoskwinia
- Department of EndocrinologyInstitute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (S.L.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (J.C.); (B.B.)
| | - Joanna Cyran
- Department of EndocrinologyInstitute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (S.L.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (J.C.); (B.B.)
| | - Małgorzata Kotula-Balak
- Department of Anatomy and Preclinical Sciences, University Centre of Veterinary Medicine JU-UA, University of Agriculture in Krakow, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Barbara Bilińska
- Department of EndocrinologyInstitute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (S.L.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (J.C.); (B.B.)
| | - Anna Hejmej
- Department of EndocrinologyInstitute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (S.L.); (A.K.); (M.B.); (J.C.); (B.B.)
- Correspondence:
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Corti M, Lorenzetti S, Ubaldi A, Zilli R, Marcoccia D. Endocrine Disruptors and Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1216. [PMID: 35163140 PMCID: PMC8835300 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of endocrine disruptors (EDs) in the human prostate gland is an overlooked issue even though the prostate is essential for male fertility. From experimental models, it is known that EDs can influence several molecular mechanisms involved in prostate homeostasis and diseases, including prostate cancer (PCa), one of the most common cancers in the male, whose onset and progression is characterized by the deregulation of several cellular pathways including androgen receptor (AR) signaling. The prostate gland essentiality relies on its function to produce and secrete the prostatic fluid, a component of the seminal fluid, needed to keep alive and functional sperms upon ejaculation. In physiological condition, in the prostate epithelium the more-active androgen, the 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), formed from testosterone (T) by the 5α-reductase enzyme (SRD5A), binds to AR and, upon homodimerization and nuclear translocation, recognizes the promoter of target genes modulating them. In pathological conditions, AR mutations and/or less specific AR binding by ligands modulate differently targeted genes leading to an altered regulation of cell proliferation and triggering PCa onset and development. EDs acting on the AR-dependent signaling within the prostate gland can contribute to the PCa onset and to exacerbating its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Corti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (A.U.); (R.Z.)
| | - Stefano Lorenzetti
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Ubaldi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (A.U.); (R.Z.)
| | - Romano Zilli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (A.U.); (R.Z.)
| | - Daniele Marcoccia
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy; (M.C.); (A.U.); (R.Z.)
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Nonclassical androgen and estrogen signaling is essential for normal spermatogenesis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 121:71-81. [PMID: 34119408 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Signaling by androgens through androgen receptor (AR) is essential to complete spermatogenesis in the testis. Similarly, loss of the main estrogen receptor, estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1; also known as ERα), results in male infertility, due in part to indirect deleterious effects on the seminiferous epithelium and spermatogenesis. Effects of steroid hormones are induced primarily through genomic changes induced by hormone-mediated activation of their intracellular receptors and subsequent effects on nuclear gene transcription. However, androgens and estrogens also signal through rapid nonclassical pathways involving actions initiated at the cell membrane. Here we review the data that nonclassical androgen and estrogen signaling pathways support processes essential for male fertility in the testis and reproductive tract. The recent development of transgenic mice lacking nonclassical AR or ESR1 signaling but retaining genomic nuclear signaling has provided a powerful tool to elucidate the function of nonclassical signaling in the overall response to androgens and estrogens. Results from these mice have emphasized that nonclassical signaling is essential for full responses to these hormones, and absence of either nonclassical or classical AR or ESR1 pathways produces abnormalities in spermatogenesis and the male reproductive tract. Although additional work is required to fully understand how classical and nonclassical receptor signaling synergize to produce full steroid hormone responses, here we summarize the known physiological functions of the classical and nonclassical androgen and estrogen signaling pathways in the testis and reproductive tract.
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Profaska-Szymik M, Galuszka A, Korzekwa AJ, Hejmej A, Gorowska-Wojtowicz E, Pawlicki P, Kotula-Balak M, Tarasiuk K, Tuz R. Implication of Membrane Androgen Receptor (ZIP9) in Cell Senescence in Regressed Testes of the Bank Vole. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6888. [PMID: 32961828 PMCID: PMC7554751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we studied the impact of exposure to short daylight conditions on the expression of senescence marker (p16), membrane androgen receptor (ZIP9) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK 1/2), as well as cyclic AMP (cAMP) and testosterone levels in the testes of mature bank voles. Animals were assigned to groups based on an analysis of testis diameter, weight, seminiferous tubule diameter and the interstitial tissue area: group 1, not fully regressed (the highest parameters); group 2 (medium parameters); or group 3, regressed (the lowest parameters). Cells positive for p16 were observed only in the seminiferous tubule epithelium. However, in groups 1 and 2, these were mostly cells sloughed into the tubule lumen. In group 3, senescent cells resided in between cells of the seminiferous epithelium. Staining for ZIP9 was found in Sertoli cells. Western blot analysis showed a trend towards a decreased expression of p16 and ZIP9 in the testes of the voles in groups 2 and 3, compared to group 1. In addition, a trend towards an increased expression of ERK, as well as an increase of cAMP and testosterone levels, was revealed in group 2. In the regressed testes, a functional link exists between senescence and androgen levels with implication of ZIP9 and cAMP/ERK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Profaska-Szymik
- University Centre of Veterinary Medicine JU-UA, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (M.P.-S.); (A.G.); (P.P.); (K.T.)
| | - Anna Galuszka
- University Centre of Veterinary Medicine JU-UA, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (M.P.-S.); (A.G.); (P.P.); (K.T.)
| | - Anna J. Korzekwa
- Department of Biodiversity Protection, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Anna Hejmej
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.H.); (E.G.-W.)
| | - Ewelina Gorowska-Wojtowicz
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.H.); (E.G.-W.)
| | - Piotr Pawlicki
- University Centre of Veterinary Medicine JU-UA, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (M.P.-S.); (A.G.); (P.P.); (K.T.)
| | - Małgorzata Kotula-Balak
- University Centre of Veterinary Medicine JU-UA, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (M.P.-S.); (A.G.); (P.P.); (K.T.)
| | - Kazimierz Tarasiuk
- University Centre of Veterinary Medicine JU-UA, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland; (M.P.-S.); (A.G.); (P.P.); (K.T.)
| | - Ryszard Tuz
- Department of Genetics, Animal Breeding and Ethology, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland;
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