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Nguyen TV, Do LTK, Lin Q, Nagahara M, Namula Z, Wittayarat M, Hirata M, Otoi T, Tanihara F. Programmed cell death-1-modified pig developed using electroporation-mediated gene editing for in vitro fertilized zygotes. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024; 60:716-724. [PMID: 38485817 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-024-00869-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) is an immunoinhibitory receptor required to suppress inappropriate immune responses such as autoimmunity. Immune checkpoint antibodies that augment the PD-1 pathway lead to immune-related adverse events (irAEs), organ non-specific side effects due to autoimmune activation in humans. In this study, we generated a PD-1 mutant pig using electroporation-mediated introduction of the CRISPR/Cas9 system into porcine zygotes to evaluate the PD-1 gene deficiency phenotype. We optimized the efficient guide RNAs (gRNAs) targeting PD-1 in zygotes and transferred electroporated embryos with the optimized gRNAs and Cas9 into recipient gilts. One recipient gilt became pregnant and gave birth to two piglets. Sequencing analysis revealed that both piglets were biallelic mutants. At 18 mo of age, one pig showed non-purulent arthritis of the left elbow/knee joint and oligozoospermia, presumably related to PD-1 modification. Although this study has a limitation because of the small number of cases, our phenotypic analysis of PD-1 modification in pigs will provide significant insight into human medicine and PD-1-deficient pigs can be beneficial models for studying human irAEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh-Van Nguyen
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-Gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Lanh Thi Kim Do
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-Gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Qingyi Lin
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-Gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
- Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-Gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
| | - Megumi Nagahara
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-Gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
- Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-Gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
| | - Zhao Namula
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-Gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Manita Wittayarat
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Maki Hirata
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-Gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
- Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-Gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
| | - Takeshige Otoi
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-Gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
- Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-Gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
| | - Fuminori Tanihara
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-Gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan.
- Center for Development of Advanced Medical Technology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 3290498, Japan.
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2
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Yuan Y, Cui Y, Zhao D, Yuan Y, Zhao Y, Li D, Jiang X, Zhao G. Complement networks in gene-edited pig xenotransplantation: enhancing transplant success and addressing organ shortage. J Transl Med 2024; 22:324. [PMID: 38566098 PMCID: PMC10986007 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05136-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The shortage of organs for transplantation emphasizes the urgent need for alternative solutions. Xenotransplantation has emerged as a promising option due to the greater availability of donor organs. However, significant hurdles such as hyperacute rejection and organ ischemia-reperfusion injury pose major challenges, largely orchestrated by the complement system, and activated immune responses. The complement system, a pivotal component of innate immunity, acts as a natural barrier for xenotransplantation. To address the challenges of immune rejection, gene-edited pigs have become a focal point, aiming to shield donor organs from human immune responses and enhance the overall success of xenotransplantation. This comprehensive review aims to illuminate strategies for regulating complement networks to optimize the efficacy of gene-edited pig xenotransplantation. We begin by exploring the impact of the complement system on the effectiveness of xenotransplantation. Subsequently, we delve into the evaluation of key complement regulators specific to gene-edited pigs. To further understand the status of xenotransplantation, we discuss preclinical studies that utilize gene-edited pigs as a viable source of organs. These investigations provide valuable insights into the feasibility and potential success of xenotransplantation, offering a bridge between scientific advancements and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglin Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Cui
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Dayue Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanshuang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Leshan, Leshan, China
| | - Danni Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Longquanyi District of Chengdu Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaomei Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Gaoping Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
- Clinical Immunology Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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3
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Navarro-Serna S, Piñeiro-Silva C, Fernández-Martín I, Dehesa-Etxebeste M, López de Munain A, Gadea J. Oocyte electroporation prior to in vitro fertilization is an efficient method to generate single, double, and multiple knockout porcine embryos of interest in biomedicine and animal production. Theriogenology 2024; 218:111-118. [PMID: 38320372 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Genetically modified pigs play a critical role in mimicking human diseases, xenotransplantation, and the development of pigs resistant to viral diseases. The use of programmable endonucleases, including the CRISPR/Cas9 system, has revolutionized the generation of genetically modified pigs. This study evaluates the efficiency of electroporation of oocytes prior to fertilization in generating edited gene embryos for different models. For single gene editing, phospholipase C zeta (PLC ζ) and fused in sarcoma (FUS) genes were used, and the concentration of sgRNA and Cas9 complexes was optimized. The results showed that increasing the concentration resulted in higher mutation rates without affecting the blastocyst rate. Electroporation produced double knockouts for the TPC1/TPC2 genes with high efficiency (79 %). In addition, resistance to viral diseases such as PRRS and swine influenza was achieved by electroporation, allowing the generation of double knockout embryo pigs (63 %). The study also demonstrated the potential for multiple gene editing in a single step using electroporation, which is relevant for xenotransplantation. The technique resulted in the simultaneous mutation of 5 genes (GGTA1, B4GALNT2, pseudo B4GALNT2, CMAH and GHR). Overall, electroporation proved to be an efficient and versatile method to generate genetically modified embryonic pigs, offering significant advances in biomedical and agricultural research, xenotransplantation, and disease resistance. Electroporation led to the processing of numerous oocytes in a single session using less expensive equipment. We confirmed the generation of gene-edited porcine embryos for single, double, or quintuple genes simultaneously without altering embryo development to the blastocyst stage. The results provide valuable insights into the optimization of gene editing protocols for different models, opening new avenues for research and applications in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Navarro-Serna
- Department Physiology, University of Murcia, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum" and Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Celia Piñeiro-Silva
- Department Physiology, University of Murcia, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum" and Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Irene Fernández-Martín
- Department Physiology, University of Murcia, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum" and Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Adolfo López de Munain
- IIS Biodonostia, Neuroscience, San Sebastián, Spain; Department of Neurology. Hospital Universitario Donostia-OSAKIDETZA, San Sebastián, Spain; Department of Neurosciences. University of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU), San Sebastián, Spain; CIBERNED (CIBER), Institute Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Gadea
- Department Physiology, University of Murcia, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research "Campus Mare Nostrum" and Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30100, Murcia, Spain.
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4
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Briski O, La Motta GE, Ratner LD, Allegroni FA, Pillado S, Álvarez G, Gutierrez B, Tarragona L, Zaccagnini A, Acerbo M, Ciampi C, Fernández-Martin R, Salamone DF. Comparison of ICSI, IVF, and in vivo derived embryos to produce CRISPR-Cas9 gene-edited pigs for xenotransplantation. Theriogenology 2024; 220:43-55. [PMID: 38471390 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Genome editing in pigs for xenotransplantation has seen significant advances in recent years. This study compared three methodologies to generate gene-edited embryos, including co-injection of sperm together with the CRISPR-Cas9 system into oocytes, named ICSI-MGE (mediated gene editing); microinjection of CRISPR-Cas9 components into oocytes followed by in vitro fertilization (IVF), and microinjection of in vivo fertilized zygotes with the CRISPR-Cas9 system. Our goal was to knock-out (KO) porcine genes involved in the biosynthesis of xenoantigens responsible for the hyperacute rejection of interspecific xenografts, namely GGTA1, CMAH, and β4GalNT2. Additionally, we attempted to KO the growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene with the aim of limiting the growth of porcine organs to a size that is physiologically suitable for human transplantation. Embryo development, pregnancy, and gene editing rates were evaluated. We found an efficient mutation of the GGTA1 gene following ICSI-MGE, comparable to the results obtained through the microinjection of oocytes followed by IVF. ICSI-MGE also showed higher rates of biallelic mutations compared to the other techniques. Five healthy piglets were born from in vivo-derived embryos, all of them exhibiting biallelic mutations in the GGTA1 gene, with three displaying mutations in the GHR gene. No mutations were observed in the CMAH and β4GalNT2 genes. In conclusion, in vitro methodologies showed high rates of gene-edited embryos. Specifically, ICSI-MGE proved to be an efficient technique for obtaining homozygous biallelic mutated embryos. Lastly, only live births were obtained from in vivo-derived embryos showing efficient multiple gene editing for GGTA1 and GHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olinda Briski
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires - Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (INPA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1425FQB, Argentina; Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - Gastón Emilio La Motta
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires - Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (INPA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1425FQB, Argentina
| | - Laura Daniela Ratner
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires - Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (INPA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1425FQB, Argentina; Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - Federico Andrés Allegroni
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - Santiago Pillado
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - Guadalupe Álvarez
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - Betiana Gutierrez
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - Lisa Tarragona
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - Andrea Zaccagnini
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Acerbo
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - Carla Ciampi
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires - Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (INPA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1425FQB, Argentina; Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - Rafael Fernández-Martin
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires - Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (INPA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1425FQB, Argentina; Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1417DSE, Argentina.
| | - Daniel Felipe Salamone
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires - Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (INPA), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1425FQB, Argentina; Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, C1417DSE, Argentina.
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5
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Kikuchi T, Nishimura M, Komori N, Iizuka N, Otoi T, Matsumoto S. Development and characterization of islet-derived mesenchymal stem cells from clinical grade neonatal porcine cryopreserved islets. Xenotransplantation 2024; 31:e12831. [PMID: 37846880 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Porcine tissues display a great potential as donor tissues in xenotransplantation, including cell therapy. Cryopreserving clinical grade porcine tissue and using it as a source for establishing therapeutic cells should be advantageous for transportation and scheduled manufacturing of MSCs. Of note, we previously performed encapsulated porcine islet transplantation for the treatment of unstable type 1 diabetes mellitus in the clinical setting. It has been reported that co-transplantation of islets and Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) enhanced efficacy. We assume that co-transplantation of porcine islets and porcine islet-derived MSCs could improve the efficacy of clinical islet xenotransplantation. METHODS MSCs were established from fresh and cryopreserved non-clinical grade neonatal porcine islets and bone marrow (termed non-clinical grade npISLET-MSCs and npBM-MSCs, respectively), as well as from cryopreserved clinical grade neonatal porcine islets (termed clinical grade npISLET-MSCs). Subsequently, the cell proliferation rate and diameter, surface marker expression, adipogenesis, osteogenesis, and colony-forming efficiency of the MSCs were assessed. RESULTS Cell proliferation rate and diameter did not differ between clinical grade and non-clinical grade npISLET-MSCs. However, non-clinical grade npBM-MSCs were significantly shorter and smaller than both npISLET-MSCs (p < 0.05). MSC markers (CD29, CD44, and CD90) were strongly expressed in clinical grade npISLET-MSCs and non-clinical grade npISLET-MSCs and npBM-MSCs. The expression of MSC-negative markers CD31, CD34, and SLA-DR was low in all MSCs. Clinical grade npISLET-MSCs derived from adipose and osteoid tissues were positive for Oil Red and alkaline phosphatase staining. The results of colony-forming assay were not significantly different between clinical grade npISLET-MSCs and non-clinical grade npBM-MSCs. CONCLUSION The method described herein was successful in of developing clinical grade npISLET-MSCs from cryopreserved islets. Cryopreserved clinical grade porcine islets could be an excellent stable source of MSCs for cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kikuchi
- Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Naruto, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masuhiro Nishimura
- Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Naruto, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Natsuki Komori
- Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Naruto, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Naho Iizuka
- Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Naruto, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takeshige Otoi
- Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Myozai-gun, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Shinichi Matsumoto
- Research and Development Center, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Factory, Inc., Naruto, Tokushima, Japan
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6
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Tanihara F, Hirata M, Namula Z, Wittayarat M, Do LTK, Lin Q, Takebayashi K, Hara H, Nagahara M, Otoi T. GHR-mutant pig derived from domestic pig and microminipig hybrid zygotes using CRISPR/Cas9 system. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:5049-5057. [PMID: 37101010 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08388-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pigs are excellent large animal models with several similarities to humans. They provide valuable insights into biomedical research that are otherwise difficult to obtain from rodent models. However, even if miniature pig strains are used, their large stature compared with other experimental animals requires a specific maintenance facility which greatly limits their usage as animal models. Deficiency of growth hormone receptor (GHR) function causes small stature phenotypes. The establishment of miniature pig strains via GHR modification will enhance their usage as animal models. Microminipig is an incredibly small miniature pig strain developed in Japan. In this study, we generated a GHR mutant pig using electroporation-mediated introduction of the CRISPR/Cas9 system into porcine zygotes derived from domestic porcine oocytes and microminipig spermatozoa. METHODS AND RESULTS First, we optimized the efficiency of five guide RNAs (gRNAs) designed to target GHR in zygotes. Embryos that had been electroporated with the optimized gRNAs and Cas9 were then transferred into recipient gilts. After embryo transfer, 10 piglets were delivered, and one carried a biallelic mutation in the GHR target region. The GHR biallelic mutant showed a remarkable growth-retardation phenotype. Furthermore, we obtained F1 pigs derived from the mating of GHR biallelic mutant with wild-type microminipig, and GHR biallelic mutant F2 pigs through sib-mating of F1 pigs. CONCLUSIONS We have successfully demonstrated the generation of biallelic GHR-mutant small-stature pigs. Backcrossing of GHR-deficient pig with microminipig will establish the smallest pig strain which can contribute significantly to the field of biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuminori Tanihara
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
| | - Maki Hirata
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
- Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
| | - Zhao Namula
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Manita Wittayarat
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Lanh Thi Kim Do
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, 100000, Vietnam
| | - Qingyi Lin
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
- Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
| | - Koki Takebayashi
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
- Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Hara
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, 3290498, Japan
- Laboratory of Regenerative And Cellular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, 3290498, Japan
| | - Megumi Nagahara
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
- Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan
| | - Takeshige Otoi
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan.
- Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Ishii, Myozai-gun, Tokushima, 7793233, Japan.
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7
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Tanihara F, Hirata M, Namula Z, Do LTK, Yoshimura N, Lin Q, Takebayashi K, Sakuma T, Yamamoto T, Otoi T. Pigs with an INS point mutation derived from zygotes electroporated with CRISPR/Cas9 and ssODN. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:884340. [PMID: 36711037 PMCID: PMC9880039 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.884340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Just one amino acid at the carboxy-terminus of the B chain distinguishes human insulin from porcine insulin. By introducing a precise point mutation into the porcine insulin (INS) gene, we were able to generate genetically modified pigs that secreted human insulin; these pigs may be suitable donors for islet xenotransplantation. The electroporation of the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system into zygotes is frequently used to establish genetically modified rodents, as it requires less time and no micromanipulation. However, electroporation has not been used to generate point-mutated pigs yet. In the present study, we introduced a point mutation into porcine zygotes via electroporation using the CRISPR/Cas9 system to generate INS point-mutated pigs as suitable islet donors. We first optimized the efficiency of introducing point mutations by evaluating the effect of Scr7 and the homology arm length of ssODN on improving homology-directed repair-mediated gene modification. Subsequently, we prepared electroporated zygotes under optimized conditions and transferred them to recipient gilts. Two recipients became pregnant and delivered five piglets. Three of the five piglets carried only the biallelic frame-shift mutation in the INS gene, whereas the other two successfully carried the desired point mutation. One of the two pigs mated with a WT boar, and this desired point mutation was successfully inherited in the next F1 generation. In conclusion, we successfully established genetically engineered pigs with the desired point mutation via electroporation-mediated introduction of the CRISPR/Cas9 system into zygotes, thereby avoiding the time-consuming and complicated micromanipulation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuminori Tanihara
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Maki Hirata
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan,Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Zhao Namula
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan,College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Lanh Thi Kim Do
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Naoaki Yoshimura
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan,Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Qingyi Lin
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan,Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Koki Takebayashi
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan,Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Sakuma
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takeshige Otoi
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan,Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan,*Correspondence: Takeshige Otoi,
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8
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Tanihara F, Hirata M, Otoi T. GEEP Method: An Optimized Electroporation-Mediated Gene Editing Approach for Establishment of Knockout Pig Lines. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2637:293-300. [PMID: 36773155 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3016-7_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Pigs are excellent large animal models owing to their several physiological and anatomical similarities to humans. Somatic cell nuclear transfer using gene-modified cells is the mainstream approach for generating genetically modified pigs. Recent advances in improving gene editors such as the CRISPR/Cas9 system have enabled direct gene modification in zygotes/embryos. Here, we describe the gene editing by electroporation of Cas9 protein (GEEP) method, an optimized electroporation-mediated method for the introduction of CRISPR/Cas9 into porcine zygotes/embryos. The simplicity and micromanipulation-free procedures are the major advantages of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuminori Tanihara
- Center for Development of Advanced Medical Technology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Maki Hirata
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
- Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takeshige Otoi
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.
- Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.
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9
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Jones HE, Wilson PB. Progress and opportunities through use of genomics in animal production. Trends Genet 2022; 38:1228-1252. [PMID: 35945076 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2022.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The rearing of farmed animals is a vital component of global food production systems, but its impact on the environment, human health, animal welfare, and biodiversity is being increasingly challenged. Developments in genetic and genomic technologies have had a key role in improving the productivity of farmed animals for decades. Advances in genome sequencing, annotation, and editing offer a means not only to continue that trend, but also, when combined with advanced data collection, analytics, cloud computing, appropriate infrastructure, and regulation, to take precision livestock farming (PLF) and conservation to an advanced level. Such an approach could generate substantial additional benefits in terms of reducing use of resources, health treatments, and environmental impact, while also improving animal health and welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huw E Jones
- UK Genetics for Livestock and Equines (UKGLE) Committee, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Nobel House, 17 Smith Square, London, SW1P 3JR, UK; Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, Brackenhurst Lane, Southwell, NG25 0QF, UK.
| | - Philippe B Wilson
- UK Genetics for Livestock and Equines (UKGLE) Committee, Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Nobel House, 17 Smith Square, London, SW1P 3JR, UK; Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, Brackenhurst Lane, Southwell, NG25 0QF, UK
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10
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Deng J, Yang L, Wang Z, Ouyang H, Yu H, Yuan H, Pang D. Advance of genetically modified pigs in xeno-transplantation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1033197. [PMID: 36299485 PMCID: PMC9590650 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1033197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the standard of living improves, chronic diseases and end-stage organ failure have been a regular occurrence in human beings. Organ transplantation has become one of the hopes in the fight against chronic diseases and end-stage organ failure. However, organs available for transplantation are far from sufficient to meet the demand, leading to a major organ shortage crisis. To solve this problem, researchers have turned to pigs as their target since pigs have many advantages as xenograft donors. Pigs are considered the ideal organ donor for human xenotransplantation, but direct transplantation of porcine organs to humans faces many obstacles, such as hyperacute rejection, acute humoral xenograft rejection, coagulation dysregulation, inflammatory response, coagulation dysregulation, and endogenous porcine retroviral infection. Many transgenic strategies have been developed to overcome these obstacles. This review provides an overview of current advances in genetically modified pigs for xenotransplantation. Future genetic engineering-based delivery of safe and effective organs and tissues for xenotransplantation remains our goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Deng
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Yang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ziru Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongsheng Ouyang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Yu
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongming Yuan
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Hongming Yuan, ; Daxin Pang,
| | - Daxin Pang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Chongqing Research Institute, Jilin University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Jitang Biotechnology Research Institute, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Hongming Yuan, ; Daxin Pang,
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11
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Le QA, Wittayarat M, Namula Z, Lin Q, Takebayashi K, Hirata M, Tanihara F, Do LTK, Otoi T. Multiple gene editing in porcine embryos using a combination of microinjection, electroporation, and transfection methods. Vet World 2022; 15:2210-2216. [PMID: 36341066 PMCID: PMC9631378 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2210-2216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Mosaicism – the presence of both wild-type and mutant alleles – is a serious problem for zygotic gene modification through gene editing using the Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-Cas9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system. Different delivery methods, such as microinjection (MI), electroporation (EP), and transfection (TF), can be used to transfer CRISPR/Cas9 components into porcine zygotes. This study aimed to develop a method that combines MI, EP, and TF to improve mutation efficiency mediated through the CRISPR/Cas9 system for a triple-gene knockout in pigs. Materials and Methods: The study consisted of three groups: The MI group with three simultaneously microinjected guide RNAs (gRNAs) targeting α-1,3-galactosyltransferase (GGTA1), cytidine 32 monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH), and β-1,4-N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase 2 (B4GALNT2); the MI + EP group with two gRNAs targeting GGTA1 and B4GALNT2 genes delivered into zygotes through MI, followed by EP of gRNA targeting the CMAH 1 h later; and the MI + EP + TF group with MI of gRNA targeting GGTA1 gene into zygotes, followed by EP of gRNA targeting CMAH 1 h later, and then TF of gRNA targeting the B4GALNT2 gene into zona-free zygotes after another hour. Results: The rate of blastocysts carrying mutations in one or two gene(s) was significantly higher in the MI + EP + TF group than in the MI group. However, the blastocyst formation rate of zygotes in the MI + EP + TF group was lower than that of the zygotes in the other treatment groups. Conclusion: The combination of CRISPR/Cas9 delivery methods may improve the mutation efficiency of triple-gene edited porcine blastocysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quynh Anh Le
- Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, 7793233 Tokushima, Japan; Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, 7793233 Tokushima, Japan
| | - Manita Wittayarat
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Prince of Songkla University, 90110 Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Zhao Namula
- Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, 7793233 Tokushima, Japan; Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, 524088 Guangdong, China
| | - Qingyi Lin
- Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, 7793233 Tokushima, Japan; Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, 7793233 Tokushima, Japan
| | - Koki Takebayashi
- Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, 7793233 Tokushima, Japan; Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, 7793233 Tokushima, Japan
| | - Maki Hirata
- Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, 7793233 Tokushima, Japan; Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, 7793233 Tokushima, Japan
| | - Fuminori Tanihara
- Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, 7793233 Tokushima, Japan
| | - Lanh Thi Kim Do
- Department of Animal Theriogenology and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, 100000 Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Takeshige Otoi
- Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, 7793233 Tokushima, Japan; Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, 7793233 Tokushima, Japan
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12
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Leonova EI, Reshetnikov VV, Sopova JV. CRISPR/Cas-edited pigs for personalized medicine: more than preclinical test-system. RESEARCH RESULTS IN PHARMACOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/rrpharmacology.8.83872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel CRISPR-Cas-based genome editing tools made it feasible to introduce a variety of precise genomic modifications in the pig genome, including introducing multiple edits simultaneously, inserting long DNA sequences into specifically targeted loci, and performing nucleotide transitions and transversions. Pigs serve as a vital agricultural resource and animal model in biomedical studies, given their advantages over the other models. Pigs share high similarities to humans regarding body/organ size, anatomy, physiology, and a metabolic profile. The pig genome can be modified to carry the same genetic mutations found in humans to replicate inherited diseases to provide preclinical trials of drugs. Moreover, CRISPR-based modification of pigs antigen profile makes it possible to offer porcine organs for xenotransplantation with minimal transplant rejection responses. This review summarizes recent advances in endonuclease-mediated genome editing tools and research progress of genome-edited pigs as personalized test-systems for preclinical trials and as donors of organs with human-fit antigen profile.
Graphical abstract:
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13
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Curnow E, Wang Y. New Animal Models for Understanding FMRP Functions and FXS Pathology. Cells 2022; 11:1628. [PMID: 35626665 PMCID: PMC9140010 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X encompasses a range of genetic conditions, all of which result as a function of changes within the FMR1 gene and abnormal production and/or expression of the FMR1 gene products. Individuals with Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common heritable form of intellectual disability, have a full-mutation sequence (>200 CGG repeats) which brings about transcriptional silencing of FMR1 and loss of FMR protein (FMRP). Despite considerable progress in our understanding of FXS, safe, effective, and reliable treatments that either prevent or reduce the severity of the FXS phenotype have not been approved. While current FXS animal models contribute their own unique understanding to the molecular, cellular, physiological, and behavioral deficits associated with FXS, no single animal model is able to fully recreate the FXS phenotype. This review will describe the status and rationale in the development, validation, and utility of three emerging animal model systems for FXS, namely the nonhuman primate (NHP), Mongolian gerbil, and chicken. These developing animal models will provide a sophisticated resource in which the deficits in complex functions of perception, action, and cognition in the human disorder are accurately reflected and aid in the successful translation of novel therapeutics and interventions to the clinic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Curnow
- REI Division, Department of ObGyn, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Yuan Wang
- Program in Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
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14
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Navarro-Serna S, Dehesa-Etxebeste M, Piñeiro-Silva C, Romar R, Lopes JS, López de Munaín A, Gadea J. Generation of Calpain-3 knock-out porcine embryos by CRISPR-Cas9 electroporation and intracytoplasmic microinjection of oocytes before insemination. Theriogenology 2022; 186:175-184. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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15
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Navarro-Serna S, Piñeiro-Silva C, Luongo C, Parrington J, Romar R, Gadea J. Effect of Aphidicolin, a Reversible Inhibitor of Eukaryotic Nuclear DNA Replication, on the Production of Genetically Modified Porcine Embryos by CRISPR/Cas9. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042135. [PMID: 35216252 PMCID: PMC8880323 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mosaicism is the most important limitation for one-step gene editing in embryos by CRISPR/Cas9 because cuts and repairs sometimes take place after the first DNA replication of the zygote. To try to minimize the risk of mosaicism, in this study a reversible DNA replication inhibitor was used after the release of CRISPR/Cas9 in the cell. There is no previous information on the use of aphidicolin in porcine embryos, so the reversible inhibition of DNA replication and the effect on embryo development of different concentrations of this drug was first evaluated. The effect of incubation with aphidicolin was tested with CRISPR/Cas9 at different concentrations and different delivery methodologies. As a result, the reversible inhibition of DNA replication was observed, and it was concentration dependent. An optimal concentration of 0.5 μM was established and used for subsequent experiments. Following the use of this drug with CRISPR/Cas9, a halving of mosaicism was observed together with a detrimental effect on embryo development. In conclusion, the use of reversible inhibition of DNA replication offers a way to reduce mosaicism. Nevertheless, due to the reduction in embryo development, it would be necessary to reach a balance for its use to be feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Navarro-Serna
- Department of Physiology, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (S.N.-S.); (C.P.-S.); (C.L.); (R.R.)
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Celia Piñeiro-Silva
- Department of Physiology, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (S.N.-S.); (C.P.-S.); (C.L.); (R.R.)
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Chiara Luongo
- Department of Physiology, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (S.N.-S.); (C.P.-S.); (C.L.); (R.R.)
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - John Parrington
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK;
| | - Raquel Romar
- Department of Physiology, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (S.N.-S.); (C.P.-S.); (C.L.); (R.R.)
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Joaquín Gadea
- Department of Physiology, International Excellence Campus for Higher Education and Research “Campus Mare Nostrum”, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (S.N.-S.); (C.P.-S.); (C.L.); (R.R.)
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence:
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16
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Gutierrez K, Glanzner WG, de Macedo MP, Rissi VB, Dicks N, Bohrer RC, Baldassarre H, Agellon LB, Bordignon V. Cell Cycle Stage and DNA Repair Pathway Influence CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing Efficiency in Porcine Embryos. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12020171. [PMID: 35207459 PMCID: PMC8876063 DOI: 10.3390/life12020171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CRISPR/Cas9 technology is a powerful tool used for genome manipulation in different cell types and species. However, as with all new technologies, it still requires improvements. Different factors can affect CRISPR/Cas efficiency in zygotes, which influence the total cost and complexity for creating large-animal models for research. This study evaluated the importance of zygote cell cycle stage between early-injection (within 6 h post activation/fertilization) versus late-injection (14–16 h post activation/fertilization) when the CRISPR/Cas9 components were injected and the inhibition of the homologous recombination (HR) pathway of DNA repair on gene editing, embryo survival and development on embryos produced by fertilization, sperm injection, somatic cell nuclear transfer, and parthenogenetic activation technologies. Injections at the late cell cycle stage decreased embryo survival (measured as the proportion of unlysed embryos) and blastocyst formation (68.2%; 19.3%) compared to early-stage injection (86.3%; 28.8%). However, gene editing was higher in blastocysts from late-(73.8%) vs. early-(63.8%) injected zygotes. Inhibition of the HR repair pathway increased gene editing efficiency by 15.6% in blastocysts from early-injected zygotes without compromising embryo development. Our finding shows that injection at the early cell cycle stage along with HR inhibition improves both zygote viability and gene editing rate in pig blastocysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Gutierrez
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada; (K.G.); (W.G.G.); (M.P.d.M.); (N.D.); (R.C.B.); (H.B.)
| | - Werner G. Glanzner
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada; (K.G.); (W.G.G.); (M.P.d.M.); (N.D.); (R.C.B.); (H.B.)
| | - Mariana P. de Macedo
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada; (K.G.); (W.G.G.); (M.P.d.M.); (N.D.); (R.C.B.); (H.B.)
| | - Vitor B. Rissi
- Department of Agriculture, Biodiversity and Forests, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Curitibanos 89520-000, Brazil;
| | - Naomi Dicks
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada; (K.G.); (W.G.G.); (M.P.d.M.); (N.D.); (R.C.B.); (H.B.)
| | - Rodrigo C. Bohrer
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada; (K.G.); (W.G.G.); (M.P.d.M.); (N.D.); (R.C.B.); (H.B.)
| | - Hernan Baldassarre
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada; (K.G.); (W.G.G.); (M.P.d.M.); (N.D.); (R.C.B.); (H.B.)
| | - Luis B. Agellon
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
- Correspondence: (L.B.A.); (V.B.)
| | - Vilceu Bordignon
- Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada; (K.G.); (W.G.G.); (M.P.d.M.); (N.D.); (R.C.B.); (H.B.)
- Correspondence: (L.B.A.); (V.B.)
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17
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Hirata M, Wittayarat M, Namula Z, Le QA, Lin Q, Takebayashi K, Thongkittidilok C, Mito T, Tomonari S, Tanihara F, Otoi T. Generation of mutant pigs by lipofection-mediated genome editing in embryos. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23806. [PMID: 34903813 PMCID: PMC8668999 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03325-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The specificity and efficiency of CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing systems are determined by several factors, including the mode of delivery, when applied to mammalian embryos. Given the limited time window for delivery, faster and more reliable methods to introduce Cas9-gRNA ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNPs) into target embryos are needed. In pigs, somatic cell nuclear transfer using gene-modified somatic cells and the direct introduction of gene editors into the cytoplasm of zygotes/embryos by microinjection or electroporation have been used to generate gene-edited embryos; however, these strategies require expensive equipment and sophisticated techniques. In this study, we developed a novel lipofection-mediated RNP transfection technique that does not require specialized equipment for the generation of gene-edited pigs and produced no detectable off-target events. In particular, we determined the concentration of lipofection reagent for efficient RNP delivery into embryos and successfully generated MSTN gene-edited pigs (with mutations in 7 of 9 piglets) after blastocyst transfer to a recipient gilt. This newly established lipofection-based technique is still in its early stages and requires improvements, particularly in terms of editing efficiency. Nonetheless, this practical method for rapid and large-scale lipofection-mediated gene editing in pigs has important agricultural and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Hirata
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.,Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Manita Wittayarat
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Zhao Namula
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.,College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong, China
| | - Quynh Anh Le
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Qingyi Lin
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Koki Takebayashi
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | | | - Taro Mito
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.,Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Sayuri Tomonari
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Fuminori Tanihara
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan. .,Center for Development of Advanced Medical Technology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.
| | - Takeshige Otoi
- Faculty of Bioscience and Bioindustry, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.,Bio-Innovation Research Center, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
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18
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Sinclair KD. Dolly at 25… is she '… still goin' strong?'. Reproduction 2021; 162:E1-E3. [PMID: 34152996 PMCID: PMC8240762 DOI: 10.1530/rep-21-0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D Sinclair
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK
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