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Buethe MG, Kellogg C, Seo YJ, Vuong C, Eichenfield LF. Topical Therapy for Atopic Dermatitis: What is New and the New Paradigm. Dermatol Clin 2024; 42:569-575. [PMID: 39278710 DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that requires a complex management strategy, which often involves multiple and diverse topicals and systemic treatment regimens. While topical steroids and more recently calcineurin inhibitors have been the mainstay therapy for mild-to-moderate disease, recent advances in the understanding of AD pathogenesis have led to the development of different new targets, rapidly widening our therapeutic armamentarium. This review summarizes their efficacy and safety data. We also review topical optimization strategies, including the recently published topical volume calculator, to maximize long-term disease control, especially when using multiple agents at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gnarra Buethe
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Dermatology, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Caitlyn Kellogg
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Dermatology, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Young Joon Seo
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Dermatology, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Dermatology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Carrie Vuong
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Dermatology, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Lawrence F Eichenfield
- Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Dermatology, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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2
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Amar Y, Grube J, Köberle M, Schaubeck M, Biedermann T, Volz T. Bifidobacterium breve DSM 32583 and Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 postbiotics attenuate S. aureus and IL-33-induced Th2 responses. Microbiol Res 2024; 289:127913. [PMID: 39316930 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Over the past decades, the prevalence of allergic diseases noticeably increased in industrialized countries. The Th2 immune response plays a central role in these pathologies and its modulation using pro-/postbiotics constitutes a promising approach to prevent or alleviate disease symptoms. The aim of this in vitro study, was to investigate the ability of human milk-derived Bifidobacterium breve DSM 32583 (Bb) and Limosilactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 (Lf), to modulate the Th2 induced responses. To this end, Th2 cells were generated by co-culturing of human naïve Th cells with monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) either stimulated with Staphylococcus aureus or IL-33. The immunomodulatory effects of pro-/postbiotic preparations of Bb and Lf on moDCs and Th2 cells were evaluated in terms of maturation markers expression and cytokines production. Remarkably, the tested strains induced the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in moDCs, in a strain-, dose- and viability-dependent manner with no significant upregulation of IL-12p70 nor CD83, CD86 or HLA-DR. Interestingly, Bb and Lf postbiotics were able to dampen the Th2/Th1 response induced upon S. aureus- or IL-33 stimulation. They were also able to synergistically induce IL-10 in moDCs and T cells, upon co-stimulation with LPS. Finally, we observed that live probiotics triggered a mild Th1 response that was attenuated in the presence of galacto-oligosaccharides. Altogether, Bb and Lf pro-/postbiotics exhibited remarkable immune regulatory effects on both moDCs and Th2 cells. Therefore, further in vivo studies should be considered to validate these findings and assess their ability to prevent allergy or alleviate its symptoms in affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yacine Amar
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 80802, Germany.
| | - Jana Grube
- HiPP GmbH & Co. Vertrieb KG, Pfaffenhofen (Ilm) 85276, Germany
| | - Martin Köberle
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 80802, Germany
| | | | - Tilo Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 80802, Germany
| | - Thomas Volz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich 80802, Germany
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3
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Criado PR, Miot HA, Bueno-Filho R, Ianhez M, Criado RFJ, de Castro CCS. Update on the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. An Bras Dermatol 2024:S0365-0596(24)00176-4. [PMID: 39138034 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic, recurrent, and multifactorial skin-mucosal manifestation resulting from the interaction between elements mainly associated with the skin barrier deficit, the homeostasis of the immune response, neurological aspects, and patterns of reactivity to environmental antigens, which are established in genetically predisposed individuals. In addition to the skin, atopic diathesis involves other organs such as the airways (upper and lower), eyes, digestive tract, and neuropsychiatric aspects, which inflict additional morbidity on the dermatological patient. The different phenotypes of the disease fundamentally depend on the participation of each of these factors, in different life circumstances, such as age groups, occupational exposure patterns, physical activity, pollution, genetic load, and climatic factors. A better understanding of the complexity of its pathogenesis allows not only the understanding of therapeutic targets but also how to identify preponderant elements that mediate disease activity in each circumstance, for selecting the best treatment strategies and mitigation of triggering factors. This narrative review presents an update on the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis, especially aimed at understanding the clinical manifestations, the main disease phenotypes and the context of available therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Ricardo Criado
- Centro Universitário Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil; Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Santos (Centro Universitário Lusíada), Santos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Hélio Amante Miot
- Department of Dermatology, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade do Estado de São Paulo, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberto Bueno-Filho
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Mayra Ianhez
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital de Doenças Tropicais de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Roberta Fachini Jardim Criado
- Centro Universitário Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil; Alergoskin Alergia e Dermatologia, UCARE Center and ADCARE, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Caio César Silva de Castro
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Hospital de Dermatologia Sanitária do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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4
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Monedeiro F, Ehall B, Tiffner K, Eberl A, Svehlikova E, Prietl B, Pfeifer V, Senekowitsch J, Remm A, Rebane A, Magnes C, Pieber T, Sinner F, Birngruber T. Characterization of Inflammatory Mediators and Metabolome in Interstitial Fluid Collected with Dermal Open Flow Microperfusion before and at the End of Dupilumab Treatment in Atopic Dermatitis. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:3496-3514. [PMID: 38986055 PMCID: PMC11304394 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Dupilumab is a monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD); however, its effects on molecular, cellular, and immunological levels remain to be elucidated. In this study, blood and dermal interstitial fluid (ISF) from nonlesional (NL) and lesional (L) skin were collected from eight patients with moderate to severe AD, before (visit 2-v2) and at the end of a 16-week treatment with dupilumab (visit 10-v10). Clinical treatment effect was demonstrated by significantly decreased AD severity scores at the end of treatment. At v10 versus v2, the percentages of CD4+ interleukin-producing cells showed a decreasing trend in ISF L and NL, unbound IL-4 levels in plasma were increased, IL-5 levels in ISF L reduced, and levels of factors involved in anti-inflammatory pathways and re-epithelization increased. At v2, ISF L showed that AD lesions might have altered amino acid pathways and lipid signaling compared to ISF NL. At v10, ISF L exhibited raised levels of long- and very-long-chain fatty acids and lipids compared to v2. Furthermore, dupilumab administration caused reduced expression of miR-155-5p and miR-378a-3p in ISF L. In conclusion, results from the present study provided novel knowledge by linking local immune and metabolic alterations to AD pathogenesis and treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Monedeiro
- HEALTH
− Institute for Biomedical Research and Technologies, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 2, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Barbara Ehall
- Division
of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical
University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, Graz 8010, Austria
- BioTechMed, Mozartgasse
12, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Katrin Tiffner
- HEALTH
− Institute for Biomedical Research and Technologies, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 2, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Anita Eberl
- HEALTH
− Institute for Biomedical Research and Technologies, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 2, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Eva Svehlikova
- Division
of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical
University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Barbara Prietl
- Division
of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical
University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, Graz 8010, Austria
- Center
for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed) GmbH, Stiftingtalstrasse 5, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Verena Pfeifer
- Division
of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical
University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, Graz 8010, Austria
- Center
for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed) GmbH, Stiftingtalstrasse 5, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Julia Senekowitsch
- Division
of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical
University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Anu Remm
- Institute
of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Biomeedikum, Ravila 19, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Ana Rebane
- Institute
of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Biomeedikum, Ravila 19, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Christoph Magnes
- HEALTH
− Institute for Biomedical Research and Technologies, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 2, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Thomas Pieber
- HEALTH
− Institute for Biomedical Research and Technologies, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 2, Graz 8010, Austria
- Division
of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical
University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, Graz 8010, Austria
- Center
for Biomarker Research in Medicine (CBmed) GmbH, Stiftingtalstrasse 5, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Frank Sinner
- HEALTH
− Institute for Biomedical Research and Technologies, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 2, Graz 8010, Austria
- Division
of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical
University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Thomas Birngruber
- HEALTH
− Institute for Biomedical Research and Technologies, Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 2, Graz 8010, Austria
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Lee YJ, Song JY, Lee SH, Lee Y, Hwang KT, Lee JY. Vinpocetine, a phosphodiesterase 1 inhibitor, mitigates atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammation. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 28:303-312. [PMID: 38926838 PMCID: PMC11211756 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.4.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common inflammatory pruritic skin disease worldwide, characterized by the infiltration of multiple pathogenic T lymphocytes and histological symptoms such as epidermal and dermal thickening. This study aims to investigate the effect of vinpocetine (Vinp; a phosphodiesterase 1 inhibitor) on a 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD-like model. DNCB (1%) was administered on day 1 in the AD model. Subsequently, from day 14 onward, mice in each group (Vinp-treated groups: 1 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg and dexamethasone- treated group: 2 mg/kg) were administered 100 µl of a specific drug daily, whereas 0.2% DNCB was administered every other day for 30 min over 14 days. The Vinp-treated groups showed improved Eczema Area and Severity Index scores and trans-epidermal water loss, indicating the efficacy of Vinp in improving AD and enhancing skin barrier function. Histological analysis further confirmed the reduction in hyperplasia of the epidermis and the infiltration of inflammatory cells, including macrophages, eosinophils, and mast cells, with Vinp treatment. Moreover, Vinp reduced serum concentrations of IgE, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-13, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1. The mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, Thymic stromal lymphopoietin, and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) were reduced by Vinp treatment. Reduction of TGF-β protein by Vinp in skin tissue was also observed. Collectively, our results underscore the effectiveness of Vinp in mitigating DNCB-induced AD by modulating the expression of various biomarkers. Consequently, Vinp is a promising therapeutic candidate for treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon Jin Lee
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Jin Yong Song
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Su Hyun Lee
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Yubin Lee
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Kyu Teak Hwang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Ji-Yun Lee
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
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6
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Shim KS, Song HK, Park M, Kim HJ, Jang S, Kim T, Kim KM. Reynoutria japonica consisted of emodin-8-β-D-glucoside ameliorates Dermatophagoides farinae extract-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin inflammation in mice by inhibiting JAK/STAT signaling. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116765. [PMID: 38788600 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by skin barrier dysfunction and chronic inflammatory responses. Reynoutria japonica, known as Huzhang in traditional Chinese Medicine, can enhance blood circulation to eliminate wind pathogens and terminate coughing. Despite pharmacological evidence supporting the efficacy of R. japonica in suppressing edema-induced skin inflammation or connective tissue diseases, its pharmaceutical potential for treating AD-like skin inflammation remains unexplored. This study investigated the possible effects of R. japonica ethanol extract (RJE) on Dermatophagoides farinae extract (DfE)-induced AD-like skin inflammation in NC/Nga mice. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which RJE inhibits skin inflammation, we examined the effect of RJE on IFN-γ/TNF-α-induced signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling in human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKs) and human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Our findings revealed that RJE mitigates DfE-induced AD-like symptoms and skin barrier disruptions in mouse skin lesions. Moreover, RJE attenuated DfE-induced mast cell infiltration and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-23, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and GM-CSF). RJE also inhibited IFN-γ/TNF-α-induced chemokine levels and STAT3 phosphorylation in HEKs and HDFs. Virtual binding analysis of the RJE components suggested that emodin-8-β-D-glucoside binds to Janus kinase (JAK) 1/2, thereby suppressing STAT signaling, which was confirmed by Western blot analysis. In conclusion, our results suggest that RJE may alleviate DfE-induced skin barrier dysfunction by inhibiting JAK/STAT signaling and the proinflammatory immune response through the suppression of inflammatory mediators in AD-like skin disease. These findings suggest that RJE has potential as an effective therapy for AD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Shuk Shim
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyung Song
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; Practical Research Division, Honam National Institute of Biological Resources, Gohadoan-gil 99, Mokpo, Jeollanam-do 58762, Republic of Korea
| | - Musun Park
- KM Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Kim
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Seol Jang
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Taesoo Kim
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki Mo Kim
- KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Yuseong-daero 1672, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea; Korean Convergence Medicine Major KIOM, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
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Lee JS, Oh E, Oh H, Kim S, Ok S, Sa J, Lee JH, Shin YC, Bae YS, Choi CY, Lee S, Kwon HK, Yang S, Choi WI. Tacrolimus-loaded chitosan-based nanoparticles as an efficient topical therapeutic for the effective treatment of atopic dermatitis symptoms. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133005. [PMID: 38866268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic cutaneous disease with a complex underlying mechanism, and it cannot be completely cured. Thus, most treatment strategies for AD aim at relieving the symptoms. Although corticosteroids are topically applied to alleviate AD, adverse side effects frequently lead to the withdrawal of AD therapy. Tacrolimus (TAC), a calcineurin inhibitor, has been used to treat AD, but its high molecular weight and insolubility in water hinder its skin permeability. Herein, we developed and optimized TAC-loaded chitosan-based nanoparticles (TAC@CNPs) to improve the skin permeability of TAC by breaking the tight junctions in the skin. The prepared nanoparticles were highly loadable and efficient and exhibited appropriate characteristics for percutaneous drug delivery. TAC@CNP was stable for 4 weeks under physiological conditions. CNP released TAC in a controlled manner, with enhanced skin penetration observed. In vitro experiments showed that CNP was non-toxic to keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells, and TAC@CNP dispersed in an aqueous solution was as anti-proliferative as TAC solubilized in a good organic solvent. Importantly, an in vivo AD mouse model revealed that topical TAC@CNP containing ~1/10 of the dose of TAC found in commercially used Protopic® Ointment exhibited similar anti-inflammatory activity to that of the commercial product. TAC@CNP represents a potential therapeutic strategy for the management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Sil Lee
- Center for Bio-Healthcare Materials, Bio-Convergence Materials R&D Division, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology, 202, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Cheomdan-gwagiro, 123, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjeong Oh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeryeon Oh
- Center for Bio-Healthcare Materials, Bio-Convergence Materials R&D Division, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology, 202, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Cheomdan-gwagiro, 123, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghyun Kim
- Center for Bio-Healthcare Materials, Bio-Convergence Materials R&D Division, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology, 202, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Subin Ok
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Junseo Sa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Yong Chul Shin
- SKINMED Co Ltd., Daejeon 34028, Republic of Korea; Amicogen Inc, 64 Dongburo 1259, Jinsung, Jinju 52621, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Soo Bae
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Yong Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangho Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Keun Kwon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Siyoung Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won Il Choi
- Center for Bio-Healthcare Materials, Bio-Convergence Materials R&D Division, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology, 202, Osongsaengmyeong 1-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Morelli M, Madonna S, Albanesi C. SOCS1 and SOCS3 as key checkpoint molecules in the immune responses associated to skin inflammation and malignant transformation. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1393799. [PMID: 38975347 PMCID: PMC11224294 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1393799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
SOCS are a family of negative inhibitors of the molecular cascades induced by cytokines, growth factors and hormones. At molecular level, SOCS proteins inhibit the kinase activity of specific sets of receptor-associated Janus Activated Kinases (JAKs), thereby suppressing the propagation of intracellular signals. Of the eight known members, SOCS1 and SOCS3 inhibit activity of JAKs mainly induced by cytokines and can play key roles in regulation of inflammatory and immune responses. SOCS1 and SOCS3 are the most well-characterized SOCS members in skin inflammatory diseases, where their inhibitory activity on cytokine activated JAKs and consequent anti-inflammatory action has been widely investigated in epidermal keratinocytes. Structurally, SOCS1 and SOCS3 share the presence of a N-terminal domain containing a kinase inhibitory region (KIR) motif able to act as a pseudo-substrate for JAK and to inhibit its activity. During the last decades, the design and employment of SOCS1 and SOCS3-derived peptides mimicking KIR domains in experimental models of dermatoses definitively established a strong anti-inflammatory and ameliorative impact of JAK inhibition on skin inflammatory responses. Herein, we discuss the importance of the findings collected in the past on SOCS1 and SOCS3 function in the inflammatory responses associated to skin immune-mediated diseases and malignancies, for the development of the JAK inhibitor drugs. Among them, different JAK inhibitors have been introduced in the clinical practice for treatment of atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, and others are being investigated for skin diseases like alopecia areata and vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefania Madonna
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IDI-IRCCS), Rome, Italy
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9
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Wasserer S, Jargosch M, Mayer KE, Eigemann J, Raunegger T, Aydin G, Eyerich S, Biedermann T, Eyerich K, Lauffer F. Characterization of High and Low IFNG-Expressing Subgroups in Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6158. [PMID: 38892346 PMCID: PMC11173096 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common chronic inflammatory skin diseases, with an increasing number of targeted therapies available. While biologics to treat AD exclusively target the key cytokines of type 2 immunity, Janus kinase inhibitors target a broad variety of cytokines, including IFN-γ. To better stratify patients for optimal treatment outcomes, the identification and characterization of subgroups, especially with regard to their IFNG expression, is of great relevance, as the role of IFNG in AD has not yet been fully clarified. This study aims to define AD subgroups based on their lesional IFNG expression and to characterize them based on their gene expression, T cell secretome and clinical attributes. RNA from the lesional and non-lesional biopsies of 48 AD patients was analyzed by RNA sequencing. Based on IFNG gene expression and the release of IFN-γ by lesional T cells, this cohort was categorized into three IFNG groups (high, medium, and low) using unsupervised clustering. The low IFNG group showed features of extrinsic AD with a higher prevalence of atopic comorbidities and impaired epidermal lipid synthesis. In contrast, patients in the high IFNG group had a higher average age and an activation of additional pro-inflammatory pathways. On the cellular level, higher amounts of M1 macrophages and natural killer cell signaling were detected in the high IFNG group compared to the low IFNG group by a deconvolution algorithm. However, both groups shared a common dupilumab response gene signature, indicating that type 2 immunity is the dominant immune shift in both subgroups. In summary, high and low IFNG subgroups correspond to intrinsic and extrinsic AD classifications and might be considered in the future for evaluating therapeutic efficacy or non-responders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Wasserer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany; (S.W.)
| | - Manja Jargosch
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany; (S.W.)
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Center Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Kristine E. Mayer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany; (S.W.)
| | - Jessica Eigemann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany; (S.W.)
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Center Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Theresa Raunegger
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany; (S.W.)
| | - Görkem Aydin
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany; (S.W.)
| | - Stefanie Eyerich
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University of Munich, Helmholtz Center Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Tilo Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany; (S.W.)
| | - Kilian Eyerich
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Felix Lauffer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, 80802 Munich, Germany; (S.W.)
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10
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Lei D, Zhang J, Zhu T, Zhang L, Man MQ. Interplay between diabetes mellitus and atopic dermatitis. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e15116. [PMID: 38886904 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory dermatoses such as atopic dermatitis (AD) have long been linked to the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. Indeed, numerous studies show an increased risk of diabetes mellitus in individuals with AD although lower prevalence of diabetes mellitus is also observed in few studies. Though the underlying mechanisms accounting for the reciprocal influence between these two conditions are still unclear, the complex interplay between diabetes mellitus and AD is attributable, in part, to genetic and environmental factors, cytokines, epidermal dysfunction, as well as drugs used for the treatment of AD. Proper management of one condition can mitigate the other condition. In this review, we summarize the evidence of the interaction between diabetes mellitus and AD, and discuss the possible underlying mechanisms by which these two conditions influence each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyun Lei
- Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiechen Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Litao Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Mao-Qiang Man
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Wang J, Deng B, Liang Y. Editorial: Atopic dermatitis: from bench to bedside. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1431191. [PMID: 38868748 PMCID: PMC11167529 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1431191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaman Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetology, and Venereology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Baoqing Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen Baoan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanhua Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Cosmetology, and Venereology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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12
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Wong TK, Choi YG, Li PH, Chow BKC, Kumar M. MRGPRX2 antagonist GE1111 attenuated DNFB-induced atopic dermatitis in mice by reducing inflammatory cytokines and restoring skin integrity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1406438. [PMID: 38817611 PMCID: PMC11137259 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1406438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterised by itching, erythema, and epidermal barrier dysfunction. The pathogenesis of AD is complex and multifactorial; however,mast cell (MC) activation has been reported to be one of the crucial mechanisms in the pathogenesis of AD. The MC receptor Mas related G protein-coupled receptor-X2 (MRGPRX2) has been identified as a prominent alternative receptor to the IgE receptor in causing MC activation and the subsequent release of inflammatory mediators. The current study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of a novel small molecule MRGPRX2 antagonist GE1111 in AD using in vitro and in vivo approaches. Methods We developed an in vitro cell culture disease model by using LAD-2 MC, HaCaT keratinocytes and RAW 264.7 macrophage cell lines. We challenged keratinocytes and macrophage cells with CST-14 treated MC supernatant in the presence and absence of GE1111 and measured the expression of tight junction protein claudin 1, inflammatory cytokines and macrophage phagocytosis activity through immunohistochemistry, western blotting, RT-qPCR and fluorescence imaging techniques. In addition to this, we developed a DFNB-induced AD model in mice and evaluated the protective effect and underlying mechanism of GE1111. Results and Discussion Our in vitro findings demonstrated a potential therapeutic effect of GE1111, which inhibits the expression of TSLP, IL-13, MCP-1, TNF-a, and IL-1ß in MC and keratinocytes. In addition to this, GE1111 was able to preserve the expression of claudin 1 in keratinocytes and the phagocytotic activity of macrophage cells. The in vivo results demonstrated that GE1111 treatment significantly reduced phenotypic changes associated with AD (skin thickening, scaling, erythema and epidermal thickness). Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that GE1111 treatment preserved the expression of the tight junction protein Involucrin and reduced the expression of the inflammatory mediator periostin in the mouse model of AD. These findings were supported by gene and protein expression analysis, where GE1111 treatment reduced the expression of TSLP, IL-13, and IL-1ß, as well as downstream signalling pathways of MRGPRX2 in AD skin lesions. In conclusion, our findings provide compelling in vitro and in vivo evidence supporting the contribution of MRGPRX2-MC interaction with keratinocytes and macrophages in the pathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor K. Wong
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamliton, ON, Canada
| | - Ye Gi Choi
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Philip H. Li
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Billy K. C. Chow
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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13
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Schettini N, Pacetti L, Corazza M, Borghi A. The Role of OX40-OX40L Axis in the Pathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis. Dermatitis 2024. [PMID: 38700255 DOI: 10.1089/derm.2024.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
OX40 is a co-stimulatory immune checkpoint molecule that promotes the activation and the effector function of T lymphocytes through interaction with its ligand (OX40L) on antigen-presenting cells. OX40-OX40L axis plays a crucial role in Th1 and Th2 cell expansion, particularly during the late phases or long-lasting response. Atopic dermatitis is characterized by an immune dysregulation of Th2 activity and by an overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13. Other molecules involved in its pathogenesis include thymic stromal lymphopoietin, IL-33, and IL-25, which contribute to the promotion of OX40L expression on dendritic cells. Lesional skin in atopic dermatitis exhibits a higher level of OX40L+-presenting cells compared with other dermatologic diseases or normal skin. Recent clinical trials using antagonizing anti-OX40 or anti-OX40L antibodies have shown symptom improvement and cutaneous manifestation alleviation in patients with atopic dermatitis. These findings suggest the relevance of the OX40-OX40L axis in atopic dermatitis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natale Schettini
- From the Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Pacetti
- From the Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Monica Corazza
- From the Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Borghi
- From the Section of Dermatology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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14
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Sendrea AM, Cristea S, Salavastru CM. Association Between Increased Body Mass Index (BMI) and Atopic Dermatitis in Children Attending a Tertiary Referral Center: A Case-Control Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e60770. [PMID: 38774465 PMCID: PMC11107859 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) and obesity represent chronic diseases, with growing worldwide prevalence, that rely on a common pathophysiological background: perpetual inflammation. Moreover, AD is considered more and more to be a beyond-the-skin disease with various associated comorbidities. This study aimed to investigate a potential link between overweight/obese status and AD in children. Methods A case-control study was performed on 130 AD patients and 130 exact age and sex match controls that attended the Pediatric Dermatology Department of Colentina Clinical Hospital. Based on the weight (in kilograms) and height (in centimeters), the body mass index (BMI), and the corresponding age and gender percentiles were assessed in both groups; study participants were divided as normal-weight, underweight, overweight, or obese. AD severity was evaluated using the Scoring Atopic Dermatitis Index (SCORAD), and quality of life impairment was assessed with the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Descriptive statistics, t-tests, and logistic regression with odds ratios (OR) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used for data analysis. Results A statistically significantly higher BMI was identified in the AD group compared to controls (p=0.027). The relative risk for overweight/obese status in the AD group compared to controls was three times more frequent (OR 3.61, 95% CI 1.45-10.3, p<0.01). Additionally, the increased BMI in the AD group correlated significantly with disease severity as determined by SCORAD (p<0.05), with a relative risk for overweight/obese status in the moderate-severe AD subgroup being 20 times more frequent as compared to mild AD (OR 20.4, 95% CI 6.53-90.7, p<0.001). Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the correlation between AD and BMI in Romanian children. Statistically significant correlations between increased BMI, AD development, and AD severity in children were identified in our study population. This study's small sample size and single-center study design represent possible limitations. Additional, larger, multicentric studies are required to establish a more precise correlation between AD and obesity. Physicians should be aware of this potential association in order to perform obesity screening in AD children for more appropriate multidisciplinary management of such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelina-Maria Sendrea
- Pediatric Dermatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
- Dermatology Reseach Unit, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, ROU
- Pediatric Dermatology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Sinziana Cristea
- Integrated Drug Development Consulting, Certara USA, Inc., Princeton, USA
| | - Carmen Maria Salavastru
- Pediatric Dermatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
- Pediatric Dermatology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, ROU
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15
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Croft M, Esfandiari E, Chong C, Hsu H, Kabashima K, Kricorian G, Warren RB, Wollenberg A, Guttman-Yassky E. OX40 in the Pathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis-A New Therapeutic Target. Am J Clin Dermatol 2024; 25:447-461. [PMID: 38236520 PMCID: PMC11070399 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-023-00838-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, heterogeneous, inflammatory disease characterized by skin lesions, pruritus, and pain. Patients with moderate-to-severe AD experience chronic symptoms, intensified by unpredictable flares, and often have comorbidities and secondary complications, which can result in significant clinical burden that impacts the patient's overall quality of life. The complex interplay of immune dysregulation and skin barrier disruption drives AD pathogenesis, of which T-cell-dependent inflammation plays a critical role in patients with AD. Despite new targeted therapies, many patients with moderate-to-severe AD fail to achieve or sustain their individual treatment goals and/or may not be suitable for or tolerate these therapies. There remains a need for a novel, efficacious, well-tolerated therapeutic option that can deliver durable benefits across a heterogeneous AD patient population. Expression of OX40 [tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 4 (TNFRSF4)], a prominent T-cell co-stimulatory molecule, and its ligand [OX40L; tumor necrosis factor superfamily, member 4 (TNFSF4)] is increased in AD. As the OX40 pathway is critical for expansion, differentiation, and survival of effector and memory T cells, its targeting might be a promising therapeutic approach to provide sustained inhibition of pathogenic T cells and associated inflammation and broad disease control. Antibodies against OX40 [rocatinlimab (AMG 451/KHK4083) and telazorlimab (GBR 830)] or OX40L [amlitelimab (KY1005)] have shown promising results in early-phase clinical studies of moderate-to-severe AD, highlighting the importance of OX40 signaling as a new therapeutic target in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Croft
- Center for Autoimmunity and Inflammation, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, 9420 Athena Circle, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| | | | | | | | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Richard B Warren
- Dermatology Centre, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Andreas Wollenberg
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Department of Dermatology and the Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, Box 1047, New York, NY, 10029-6574, USA.
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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16
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Guttman-Yassky E, Facheris P, Gomez-Arias PJ, Del Duca E, Da Rosa JC, Weidinger S, Bissonnette R, Armstrong AW, Seneschal J, Eyerich K, Estrada YD, Bose SN, Xu D, Chen A, Tatulych S, Güler E, Chan G, Page KM, Kerkmann U. Effect of abrocitinib on skin biomarkers in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Allergy 2024; 79:1258-1270. [PMID: 38108208 DOI: 10.1111/all.15969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This is the first report on the effects of abrocitinib, a Janus kinase 1-selective inhibitor, on the expression of skin biomarkers in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). METHODS JADE MOA (NCT03915496) was a double-blind Phase 2a trial. Adults were randomly assigned 1:1:1 to receive monotherapy with once-daily abrocitinib 200 mg, abrocitinib 100 mg, or placebo for 12 weeks. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in markers of inflammation (matrix metalloproteinase [MMP]-12), epidermal hyperplasia (keratin-16 [KRT16]), T-helper 2 (Th2) immune response (C-C motif chemokine ligand [CCL]17, CCL18, and CCL26), and Th22 immune response (S100 calcium binding protein A8, A9, and A12 [S100A8, S100A9, and S100A12]) in skin through 12 weeks. RESULTS A total of 46 patients received abrocitinib 200 mg (n = 14), abrocitinib 100 mg (n = 16), or placebo (n = 16). Abrocitinib improved AD clinical signs and reduced itch. Gene expression of MMP-12, KRT16, S100A8, S100A9, and S100A12 was significantly decreased from baseline with abrocitinib 200 mg (at Weeks 2, 4, and 12) and abrocitinib 100 mg (at Weeks 4 and 12) in a dose-dependent manner. Abrocitinib 200 mg resulted in significant decreases from baseline in CCL17 expression at Week 12 and CCL18 expression at Weeks 2, 4, and 12; no significant decreases were observed for CCL26. CONCLUSIONS Alongside improvements in clinical signs and symptoms of AD, 12 weeks of abrocitinib treatment resulted in downregulation of genes associated with inflammation, epidermal hyperplasia, and Th2 and Th22 immune responses in the skin of patients with moderate-to-severe AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Guttman-Yassky
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paola Facheris
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Ester Del Duca
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Joel Correa Da Rosa
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | - Julien Seneschal
- Department of Dermatology and Pediatric Dermatology, National Reference Center for Rare Skin Disorders, Hospital Saint-André, Bordeaux, France
- Bordeaux University, CNRS UMR 5164, Immunoconcept, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Yeriel D Estrada
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Swaroop N Bose
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dan Xu
- Pfizer Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | | | | | | | - Gary Chan
- Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut, USA
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17
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Sadrolashrafi K, Guo L, Kikuchi R, Hao A, Yamamoto RK, Tolson HC, Bilimoria SN, Yee DK, Armstrong AW. An OX-Tra'Ordinary Tale: The Role of OX40 and OX40L in Atopic Dermatitis. Cells 2024; 13:587. [PMID: 38607026 PMCID: PMC11011471 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The transmembrane glycoprotein OX40 receptor (OX40) and its ligand, OX40L, are instrumental modulators of the adaptive immune response in humans. OX40 functions as a costimulatory molecule that promotes T cell activation, differentiation, and survival through ligation with OX40L. T cells play an integral role in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory skin conditions, including atopic dermatitis (AD). In particular, T helper 2 (TH2) cells strongly contribute to AD pathogenesis via the production of cytokines associated with type 2 inflammation (e.g., IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-31) that lead to skin barrier dysfunction and pruritus. The OX40-OX40L interaction also promotes the activation and proliferation of other T helper cell populations (e.g., TH1, TH22, and TH17), and AD patients have demonstrated higher levels of OX40 expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells than healthy controls. As such, the OX40-OX40L pathway is a potential target for AD treatment. Novel therapies targeting the OX40 pathway are currently in development, several of which have demonstrated promising safety and efficacy results in patients with moderate-to-severe AD. Herein, we review the function of OX40 and the OX40-OX40L signaling pathway, their role in AD pathogenesis, and emerging therapies targeting OX40-OX40L that may offer insights into the future of AD management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - April W. Armstrong
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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18
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Nene S, Devabattula G, Vambhurkar G, Tryphena KP, Singh PK, Khatri DK, Godugu C, Srivastava S. High mobility group box 1 cytokine targeted topical delivery of resveratrol embedded nanoemulgel for the management of atopic dermatitis. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01565-2. [PMID: 38509343 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01565-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound showing anti-inflammatory activity by inhibition of high mobility group box 1 cytokine responsible for the activation of nuclear factor-κB pathway in atopic dermatitis. To evaluate the efficacy of resveratrol through topical route we have developed resveratrol-loaded nanoemulgel for the effective management of atopic dermatitis in mice model. The resveratrol-loaded nanoemulsion (0.5%, 0.75% and 1% w/w) was optimized by spontaneous nano-emulsification. The optimized resveratrol-loaded nanoemulsions showed average globule size in the 180-230 nm range and found to be monodispersed. The resveratrol nanoemulgel was prepared with a SEPINEO™ P 600 gel base and propylene glycol. Ex vivo permeation and retention study resulted in significantly higher skin retention of resveratrol from resveratrol-loaded nanoemulgel than free resveratrol-loaded gel. Preclinical efficacy of resveratrol nanoemulgel displayed promising therapeutic outcomes where, western blotting of skin tissues disclosed a significant reduction in the relative expression of high mobility group box 1, the receptor for advanced glycation end products, toll-like receptor-4 and phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB. Further, real-time polymerase chain reaction also disclosed a significant reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines such as thymic stromal lymphopoietin, interleukin-4, interleukin-13, interleukin-31, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6. The histopathological examination of skin sections showed improvement in the skin condition. Collectively, the findings from our study showcased the significant improvement in the atopic dermatitis skin condition in mice model after topical application of resveratrol loaded nanoemulgel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Nene
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Geetanjali Devabattula
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Ganesh Vambhurkar
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Kamatham Pushpa Tryphena
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Khatri
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Chandraiah Godugu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Pharmaceutical Innovation and Translational Research Lab (PITRL), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500037, India.
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19
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Kim HE, Lee JY, Yoo DH, Park HH, Choi EJ, Nam KH, Park J, Choi JK. Imidazole propionate ameliorates atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions by inhibiting mitochondrial ROS and mTORC2. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1324026. [PMID: 38533495 PMCID: PMC10964488 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1324026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Imidazole propionate (IMP) is a histidine metabolite produced by some gut microorganisms in the human colon. Increased levels of IMP are associated with intestinal inflammation and the development and progression of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. However, the anti-inflammatory activity of IMP has not been investigated. This study aimed to elucidate the role of IMP in treating atopic dermatitis (AD). Methods To understand how IMP mediates immunosuppression in AD, IMP was intraperitoneally injected into a Dermatophagoides farinae extract (DFE)/1-chloro-2,4 dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD-like skin lesions mouse model. We also characterized the anti-inflammatory mechanism of IMP by inducing an AD response in keratinocytes through TNF-α/IFN-γ or IL-4 stimulation. Results Contrary to the prevailing view that IMP is an unhealthy microbial metabolite, we found that IMP-treated AD-like skin lesions mice showed significant improvement in their clinical symptoms, including ear thickness, epidermal and dermal thickness, and IgE levels. Furthermore, IMP antagonized the expansion of myeloid (neutrophils, macrophages, eosinophils, and mast cells) and Th cells (Th1, Th2, and Th17) in mouse skin and prevented mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production by inhibiting mitochondrial energy production. Interestingly, we found that IMP inhibited AD by reducing glucose uptake in cells to suppress proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in an AD-like in vitro model, sequentially downregulating the PI3K and mTORC2 signaling pathways centered on Akt, and upregulating DDIT4 and AMPK. Discussion Our results suggest that IMP exerts anti-inflammatory effects through the metabolic reprogramming of skin inflammation, making it a promising therapeutic candidate for AD and related skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha Eun Kim
- Department of Immunology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Yeong Lee
- Department of Immunology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hoon Yoo
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation and Exercise Management, University of Gyeongnam Geochang, Geochang-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Hyun Park
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Daegu Health College, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Choi
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwa Nam
- Department of Dermatology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Park
- Department of Dermatology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kyeong Choi
- Department of Immunology, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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20
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Afshari M, Kolackova M, Rosecka M, Čelakovská J, Krejsek J. Unraveling the skin; a comprehensive review of atopic dermatitis, current understanding, and approaches. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1361005. [PMID: 38500882 PMCID: PMC10944924 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1361005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis, also known as atopic eczema, is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by red pruritic skin lesions, xerosis, ichthyosis, and skin pain. Among the social impacts of atopic dermatitis are difficulties and detachment in relationships and social stigmatization. Additionally, atopic dermatitis is known to cause sleep disturbance, anxiety, hyperactivity, and depression. Although the pathological process behind atopic dermatitis is not fully known, it appears to be a combination of epidermal barrier dysfunction and immune dysregulation. Skin is the largest organ of the human body which acts as a mechanical barrier to toxins and UV light and a natural barrier against water loss. Both functions face significant challenges due to atopic dermatitis. The list of factors that can potentially trigger or contribute to atopic dermatitis is extensive, ranging from genetic factors, family history, dietary choices, immune triggers, and environmental factors. Consequently, prevention, early clinical diagnosis, and effective treatment may be the only resolutions to combat this burdensome disease. Ensuring safe and targeted drug delivery to the skin layers, without reaching the systemic circulation is a promising option raised by nano-delivery systems in dermatology. In this review, we explored the current understanding and approaches of atopic dermatitis and outlined a range of the most recent therapeutics and dosage forms brought by nanotechnology. This review was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moeina Afshari
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Martina Kolackova
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Michaela Rosecka
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Jarmila Čelakovská
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Jan Krejsek
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Faculty Hospital and Medical Faculty of Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czechia
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Kim WK, Jang YJ, Park S, Min SG, Kwon H, Jo MJ, Ko G. Lactobacillus acidophilus KBL409 Ameliorates Atopic Dermatitis in a Mouse Model. J Microbiol 2024; 62:91-99. [PMID: 38386273 PMCID: PMC11021314 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-024-00104-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with repeated exacerbations of eczema and pruritus. Probiotics can prevent or treat AD appropriately via modulation of immune responses and gut microbiota. In this study, we evaluated effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) KBL409 using a house dust mite (Dermatophagoides farinae)-induced in vivo AD model. Oral administration of L. acidophilus KBL409 significantly reduced dermatitis scores and decreased infiltration of immune cells in skin tissues. L. acidophilus KBL409 reduced in serum immunoglobulin E and mRNA levels of T helper (Th)1 (Interferon-γ), Th2 (Interleukin [IL]-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-31), and Th17 (IL-17A) cytokines in skin tissues. The anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was increased and Foxp3 expression was up-regulated in AD-induced mice with L. acidophilus KBL409. Furthermore, L. acidophilus KBL409 significantly modulated gut microbiota and concentrations of short-chain fatty acids and amino acids, which could explain its effects on AD. Our results suggest that L. acidophilus KBL409 is the potential probiotic for AD treatment by modulating of immune responses and gut microbiota of host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woon-Ki Kim
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - You Jin Jang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - SungJun Park
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- N-Bio, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- KoBioLabs, Inc, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gyu Min
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeun Kwon
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Jo
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - GwangPyo Ko
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- N-Bio, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- KoBioLabs, Inc, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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22
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Zysk W, Sitko K, Tukaj S, Zaryczańska A, Trzeciak M. Altered Gene Expression of IL-35 and IL-36α in the Skin of Patients with Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:404. [PMID: 38203575 PMCID: PMC10779293 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of atopic dermatitis (AD) pathogenesis is desired, especially in the current era of novel biologics and small molecule drugs. In recent years, new cytokines have emerged that may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of AD. Using the tape stripping (TS) method, this study analyzed the gene expression of IL-35 and IL-36α in lesional and nonlesional AD skin compared with healthy skin and their association with the clinical features of AD among the Polish population. Ten AD patients and seven healthy individuals were enrolled. The lesional skin of the AD patients showed significantly higher expression levels of IL-35 compared to healthy skin (p = 0.0001). The expression level of IL-36α was significantly higher in lesional AD skin than in nonlesional AD skin (p = 0.0039) and healthy skin (p = 0.0045). There was a significant negative correlation between AD severity and the expression level of IL-35 in both lesional (R = -0.66, p = 0.048) and nonlesional skin (R = -0.9, p = 0.0016). In summary, both IL-35 and IL-36α appear to play a role in the pathogenesis of AD. Furthermore, it might be speculated that IL-35 and IL-36α may be potential candidates for disease biomarkers. However, further studies are needed to verify these assumptions and comprehensively elucidate their importance in the pathogenesis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Zysk
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland; (W.Z.); (A.Z.)
| | - Krzysztof Sitko
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (K.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Stefan Tukaj
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland; (K.S.); (S.T.)
| | - Anna Zaryczańska
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland; (W.Z.); (A.Z.)
| | - Magdalena Trzeciak
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-214 Gdansk, Poland; (W.Z.); (A.Z.)
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Kok JML, Dowd GC, Cabral JD, Wise LM. Macrocystis pyrifera Lipids Reduce Cytokine-Induced Pro-Inflammatory Signalling and Barrier Dysfunction in Human Keratinocyte Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16383. [PMID: 38003573 PMCID: PMC10671590 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is a chronic condition where epidermal barrier dysfunction and cytokine production by infiltrating immune cells exacerbate skin inflammation and damage. A total lipid extract from Macrocystis pyrifera, a brown seaweed, was previously reported to suppress inflammatory responses in monocytes. Here, treatment of human HaCaT keratinocytes with M. pyrifera lipids inhibited tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α induced TNF receptor-associated factor 2 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 protein production. HaCaT cells stimulated with TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-13 showed loss of claudin-1 tight junctions, but little improvement was observed following lipid pre-treatment. Three-dimensional cultures of HaCaT cells differentiated at the air-liquid interface showed increased MCP-1 production, loss of claudin-1 tight junctions, and trans-epidermal leakage with TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-13 stimulation, with all parameters reduced by lipid pre-treatment. These findings suggest that M. pyrifera lipids have anti-inflammatory and barrier-protective effects on keratinocytes, which may be beneficial for the treatment of atopic dermatitis or other skin conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie M. L. Kok
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
| | - Georgina C. Dowd
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Nelson 7043, New Zealand;
| | - Jaydee D. Cabral
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
| | - Lyn M. Wise
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
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24
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Ilaria P, Ersilia T, Nicoletta B, Federica T, Andrea V, Nevena S, Concetta P. The Role of the Western Diet on Atopic Dermatitis: Our Experience and Review of the Current Literature. Nutrients 2023; 15:3896. [PMID: 37764680 PMCID: PMC10534346 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The correlation between health and diet has always been a subject of interest in the field of dermatology and medicine in general. However, studies in the literature are still scarce, and need further investigation in the field of inflammatory skin diseases. In this paper, we report a case of a patient with atopic dermatitis whose complete recovery occurred only after combining dupilumab therapy with a Mediterranean diet regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Proietti Ilaria
- Unit of Dermatology, Department of Medical-Surgical Science and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, A. Fiorini Hospital, 04019 Terracina, Latina, Italy; (T.E.); (B.N.); (V.A.); (S.N.); (P.C.)
| | | | | | - Trovato Federica
- Unit of Dermatology, Department of Medical-Surgical Science and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, A. Fiorini Hospital, 04019 Terracina, Latina, Italy; (T.E.); (B.N.); (V.A.); (S.N.); (P.C.)
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25
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Lee MF, Wang NM, Chen YH, Wu CS, Lee MH, Chu YW. An atopic dermatitis-like murine model by skin-brushed cockroach Per a 2 and oral tolerance induction by Lactococcus lactis-derived Per a 2. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291162. [PMID: 37676892 PMCID: PMC10484430 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a complex, chronic inflammatory skin disease. An estimated 57.5% of asthmatic patients and 50.7% of rhinitis patients are allergic to cockroaches in Taiwan. However, the role of cockroaches in the pathogenesis of AD is undetermined. Oral tolerance might be another strategy for protecting against AD and allergic inflammation by regulating T helper 2 (Th2) immune responses. Aim to examine the underlying immunologic mechanism, we developed an AD-like murine model by skin-brushing with cockroach Per a 2. We also investigated whether the systemic inflammation of AD in this murine model could be improved by specific tolerance to Lactococcus lactis-expressing Per a 2, which was administered orally. Repeated painting of Per a 2 without adjuvant to the skin of mice resulted in increased total IgE, Per a 2-specific IgE, and IgG1, but not IgG2a. In addition, epidermal thickening was significantly increased, there were more scratch episodes, and there were increases in total white blood cells (eosinophil, neutrophil, and lymphocyte) and Th2 cytokines (Interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13) in a dose-dependent manner. The results revealed that oral administration of L. lactis-Per a 2 ameliorated Per a 2-induced scratch behavior and decreased the production of total IgE, Per a 2-specific IgE, and IgG1. Furthermore, L. lactis-Per a 2 treatment also suppressed inflammatory infiltration, expressions of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and IL-31 in skin lesions, and downregulated splenic IL-4 and IL-13 in Per a 2-induced AD mice. This study provides evidence supporting that repeated brushing of aeroallergens to the skin leads to atopic dermatitis phenotypes and oral allergen-specific immune tolerance can ameliorate AD-like symptoms and systemic inflammation and prevent progression of atopic march.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mey-Fann Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Nancy M. Wang
- Department of Biology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsing Chen
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Sheng Wu
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hao Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wen Chu
- Department of Pharmacy, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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26
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Carman LE, Samulevich ML, Aneskievich BJ. Repressive Control of Keratinocyte Cytoplasmic Inflammatory Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11943. [PMID: 37569318 PMCID: PMC10419196 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The overactivity of keratinocyte cytoplasmic signaling contributes to several cutaneous inflammatory and immune pathologies. An important emerging complement to proteins responsible for this overactivity is signal repression brought about by several proteins and protein complexes with the native role of limiting inflammation. The signaling repression by these proteins distinguishes them from transmembrane receptors, kinases, and inflammasomes, which drive inflammation. For these proteins, defects or deficiencies, whether naturally arising or in experimentally engineered skin inflammation models, have clearly linked them to maintaining keratinocytes in a non-activated state or returning cells to a post-inflamed state after a signaling event. Thus, together, these proteins help to resolve acute inflammatory responses or limit the development of chronic cutaneous inflammatory disease. We present here an integrated set of demonstrated or potentially inflammation-repressive proteins or protein complexes (linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex [LUBAC], cylindromatosis lysine 63 deubiquitinase [CYLD], tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3-interacting protein 1 [TNIP1], A20, and OTULIN) for a comprehensive view of cytoplasmic signaling highlighting protein players repressing inflammation as the needed counterpoints to signal activators and amplifiers. Ebb and flow of players on both sides of this inflammation equation would be of physiological advantage to allow acute response to damage or pathogens and yet guard against chronic inflammatory disease. Further investigation of the players responsible for repressing cytoplasmic signaling would be foundational to developing new chemical-entity pharmacologics to stabilize or enhance their function when clinical intervention is needed to restore balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam E. Carman
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3092, USA; (L.E.C.); (M.L.S.)
| | - Michael L. Samulevich
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3092, USA; (L.E.C.); (M.L.S.)
| | - Brian J. Aneskievich
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-3092, USA
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27
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Isaifan D, Crovella S, Soubra L, Al-Nesf M, Steinhoff M. Fc Epsilon RI-Neuroimmune Interplay in Pruritus Triggered by Particulate Matter in Atopic Dermatitis Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11851. [PMID: 37511610 PMCID: PMC10380572 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic relapsing neuroinflammatory skin disease that is characterized by a complex and multifactorial pathophysiology. It reflects a profound interplay between genetic and environmental factors, and a recently disclosed neuroimmune dysregulation that drives skin barrier disruption, pruritus, and microbial imbalance. In terms of the key external environmental players that impact AD, air quality and itch severity linkage have been thoroughly researched. The impact of ambient air pollutants including particulate matter (PM) and AD pruritic exacerbation has been recorded despite reductions in air pollution levels in in developed countries. The developing countries have, on the contrary, experienced significant urbanization and industrialization with limited environmental protection standards in the past decades. This unprecedented construction, petrochemical industry utilization, and increment in population counts has been paired with consistent exposure to outdoor PM. This may present a key cause of AD pruritic exacerbation supported by the fact that AD prevalence has intensified globally in the past 50 years, indicating that environmental exposure may act as a trigger that could flare up itch in vulnerable persons. At the molecular level, the impact of PM on severe pruritus in AD could be interpreted by the toxic effects on the complex neuroimmune pathways that govern this disease. AD has been recently viewed as a manifestation of the disruption of both the immune and neurological systems. In light of these facts, this current review aims to introduce the basic concepts of itch sensory circuits in the neuroimmune system. In addition, it describes the impact of PM on the potential neuroimmune pathways in AD pathogenesis with a special focus on the Fc Epsilon RI pathway. Finally, the review proposes potential treatment lines that could be targeted to alleviate pruritus based on immune mediators involved in the Fc Epsilon signaling map.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina Isaifan
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Laboratory of Animal Research Center (LARC), Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Lama Soubra
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Maryam Al-Nesf
- Allergy and Immunology Division, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha P.O. Box 3050, Qatar
| | - Martin Steinhoff
- Department of Dermatology & Venereology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
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28
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Yang N, Shao H, Deng J, Liu Y. Network pharmacology-based analysis to explore the therapeutic mechanism of Cortex Dictamni on atopic dermatitis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 304:116023. [PMID: 36535327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dermatitis is a common clinical chronic inflammatory skin disease, which incidence has been on the rise in recent years. It not only seriously affects the physical and mental health of patients but also increase economic burden. Currently, commonly used drugs such as corticosteroids, anti-histamines have certain side effects or are expensive. Therefore, the search for an alternative therapy for dermatitis has important clinical significance. Cortex Dictamni is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine for expelling wind and itching, but its mechanism for treating dermatitis is still unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS Network pharmacological analysis was performed to predict the potential targets and pathways of Cortex Dictamni against dermatitis. Molecular docking was used to assess the binding affinity of active compounds and core targets. By repeatedly stimulating the ears with 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNFB), an atopic dermatitis (AD) mouse model was established in order to study the anti-dermatitis effect of Cortex Dictamni. The skin thickness and inflammatory cell infiltration in mouse ears were assessed by tissue staining and flow cytometric. The levels of inflammatory factors were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the total protein and phosphorylation levels of related pathways were analyzed by western blotting. RESULTS In this study, 11 active ingredients, 122 Cortex Dictamni and dermatitis intersection targets were identified. The results from Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that the core targets were mainly enriched in immune response and inflammatory signaling pathways. AD mice treated with ethanol extract of Cortex Dictamni (ECD) improved the symptoms of ear skin lesions, alleviated epidermis and dermis thickening of the AD mice ears, decreased pathological immune cell infiltration and attenuated the levels of inflammatory cytokines (TLR4, IL-6, IL-17), and inhibited the hyperactivation of the PI3K-AKT, JAK1-STAT3/STAT6 signal pathways. CONCLUSIONS Cortex Dictamni can improve the symptoms of skin lesions and the degree of inflammation caused by AD, and may inhibit AD through multiple pathways, such as regulating PI3K-AKT and JAK1-STAT3/STAT6 pathways. These results not only provide experimental evidence for the clinical application of Cortex Dictamni but also provide some help for the research and development of dermatitis drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niuniu Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China; The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China.
| | - Haifeng Shao
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China; The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Jialin Deng
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China; The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China; The Key Laboratory of Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment of Gastric Cancer of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, China.
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29
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Zhou B, Liang S, Shang S, Li L. Association of TLR2 and TLR9 gene polymorphisms with atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis. Immunol Med 2023; 46:32-44. [PMID: 36237117 DOI: 10.1080/25785826.2022.2132683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease. The mechanism was complex. Genetic mutations of Toll-like receptor (TLR) may be associated with AD, yet still unclear. We aim to provide specific evidence of the association of TLR2, TLR9 gene polymorphisms with AD. Publications were selected according to the criteria. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was applied to evaluate the quality. The value of ORs and 95%CIs were applied to measure the associations. According to the heterogeneity, the effects model of fixed or random was selected in data combination. For TLR2 gene rs5743708 polymorphism, under allele and recessive contrasts, the pooled data showed a significant correlation, which was A vs a, OR = 0.51 (95%CI: 0.30, 0.86); AA vs Aa + aa, OR = 0.54 (95%CI: 0.33, 0.88). For TLR2 gene rs4696480 polymorphism, under allele, homozygous, heterozygous, and dominant contrasts, the pooled data showed a significant correlation, which was A vs a, OR = 0.79 (95%CI: 0.64, 0.97), AA vs aa, OR = 0.65 (95%CI: 0.43, 0.97), Aa vs aa, OR = 0.68 (95%CI: 0.48, 0.97), AA + Aa vs aa, OR = 0.67 (95%CI: 0.49, 0.93). There are significant associations of TLR2 gene rs5743708, rs4696480 polymorphisms with atopic dermatitis, while no associations are found in TLR9 gene rs5743836, rs187084 polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Surong Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Shang
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Linfeng Li
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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30
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Douladiris N, Vakirlis E, Vassilopoulou E. Atopic Dermatitis and Water: Is There an Optimum Water Intake Level for Improving Atopic Skin? CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10020273. [PMID: 36832402 PMCID: PMC9954916 DOI: 10.3390/children10020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Water is a vital nutrient with innumerable functions for every living cell. The functions of human skin include protection against dehydration of the body. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic pruritic inflammatory skin disease that presents with dry skin, erythematous and eczematous lesions, and lichenification. This paper discusses the question of whether extra water intake in children with AD affects skin hydration and the skin barrier function. Among the methods used to treat dry skin, topical leave-on products are the first-line treatment, intended to improve hydration and the skin barrier function. The effectiveness of adequate water intake as a measure to treat dry skin is still under debate. Normal skin hydration increases with dietary water intake, particularly in those with prior lower water consumption. Skin dryness in AD is instrumental to the itch and inflammation cycle, contributing to barrier impairment and aggravating disease severity and flares. Certain emollients provide significant hydration to AD skin, with relief of dryness and reduction in barrier impairment, disease severity, and flares. Further investigations are needed to evaluate the optimum water intake levels in children with AD, as important questions remain unanswered, namely, does oral hydration provide relief of skin dryness and reduce barrier impairment, disease severity, and flares; is there any additional benefit from using mineral or thermal spring water; or is there a need to specifically study the fluid/water intake in children with AD and food allergy (FA) restrictions?
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Douladiris
- Allergy Unit, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | - Efstratios Vakirlis
- First Department of Dermatology and Venereology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Emilia Vassilopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
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31
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Yin Q, Wolkerstorfer A, Lapid O, Niessen FB, Van Zuijlen PPM, Gibbs S. The JAK-STAT pathway in keloid pathogenesis: a systematic review with qualitative synthesis. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:588-598. [PMID: 36652549 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Keloid tissues contain inflammatory cells and upregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines. The Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway mediate cellular responses to these cytokines. We performed a systematic review on the role of the JAK-STAT pathway in keloid pathogenesis and the evidence for JAK-STAT inhibitors in keloid treatment. The search combined the terms (1) keloid and (2) JAK or TYK or STAT and included MeSH terms and synonyms. Two reviewers screened the articles and assessed the full texts on eligibility. Data were collected on the tested drugs and molecules, the type of cells and tissues used in the experiments, and study findings on the association between the JAK-STAT pathway and keloid cells and tissues. A total of twenty preclinical studies were included. Eleven preclinical studies proved that STAT3 expression and phosphorylation are enhanced in keloid tissue and keloid fibroblasts. Thirteen different JAK and/or STAT inhibitors were investigated. Tested drugs inhibited keloid progression as demonstrated by different processes, including reduced collagen production, cell proliferation and migration, increased cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, enhanced antioxidant responses, decreased (paracrine) signalling, and decreased profibrotic gene expression. No clinical studies have been published to date. Preclinical studies indicate a role for the JAK-STAT pathway in keloid pathogenesis and a potential role for JAK-STAT inhibitors in keloid treatment. The effect of these drugs should be further investigated on relevant biomarkers in a human keloid skin model, preferably including immune cells besides keloid fibroblasts and keratinocytes and in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yin
- Department of Dermatology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Wolkerstorfer
- Department of Dermatology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Oren Lapid
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank B Niessen
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul P M Van Zuijlen
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Burn Center and Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Red Cross Hospital, The Netherlands.,Pediatric Surgical Centre, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Movement Sciences (AMS) Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Susan Gibbs
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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32
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Multiplex Proteomic Evaluation in Inborn Errors with Deregulated IgE Response. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11010202. [PMID: 36672710 PMCID: PMC9855860 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Atopic dermatitis constitutes one of the most common inflammatory skin manifestations of the pediatric population. The onset of many inborn errors occurs early in life with an AD-like picture associated with a deregulated IgE response. The availability of proteomic tests for the simultaneous evaluation of hundreds of molecules allows for more precise diagnosis in these cases. (2) Methods: Comparative genomic hybridization microarray (Array-CGH) analysis and specific IgE evaluation by using allergenic microarray (ISAC) and microarray (ALEX2) systems were performed. (3) Results: Proteomic investigations that use multiplex methods have proven to be extremely useful to diagnose the sensitization profile in inborn errors with deregulated IgE synthesis. Four patients with rare diseases, such as recessive X-linked ichthyosis (RXLI, OMIM 308100), Comel-Netherton syndrome (NS, OMIM256500), monosomy 1p36 syndrome (OMIM: 607872), and a microduplication of Xp11.4 associated with extremely high levels of IgE: 7.710 kU/L, 5.300 kU/L, 1.826 kU/L, and 10.430 kU/L, respectively, were evaluated by micro- and macroarray multiplex methods. Polyreactivity to both environmental and food allergens was observed in all cases, including the first described case of association of X-chromosome microduplication and HIE. (4) Conclusions: Extensive use of proteomic diagnostics should be included among the procedures to be implemented in inborn errors with hyper-IgE.
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Swindell WR, Bojanowski K, Chaudhuri RK. Isosorbide Fatty Acid Diesters Have Synergistic Anti-Inflammatory Effects in Cytokine-Induced Tissue Culture Models of Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214307. [PMID: 36430783 PMCID: PMC9696169 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic disease in which epidermal barrier disruption triggers Th2-mediated eruption of eczematous lesions. Topical emollients are a cornerstone of chronic management. This study evaluated efficacy of two plant-derived oil derivatives, isosorbide di-(linoleate/oleate) (IDL) and isosorbide dicaprylate (IDC), using AD-like tissue culture models. Treatment of reconstituted human epidermis with cytokine cocktail (IL-4 + IL-13 + TNF-α + IL-31) compromised the epidermal barrier, but this was prevented by co-treatment with IDL and IDC. Cytokine stimulation also dysregulated expression of keratinocyte (KC) differentiation genes whereas treatment with IDC or IDL + IDC up-regulated genes associated with early (but not late) KC differentiation. Although neither IDL nor IDC inhibited Th2 cytokine responses, both compounds repressed TNF-α-induced genes and IDL + IDC led to synergistic down-regulation of inflammatory (IL1B, ITGA5) and neurogenic pruritus (TRPA1) mediators. Treatment of cytokine-stimulated skin explants with IDC decreased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) secretion by more than 50% (more than observed with cyclosporine) and in vitro LDH activity was inhibited by IDL and IDC. These results demonstrate anti-inflammatory mechanisms of isosorbide fatty acid diesters in AD-like skin models. Our findings highlight the multifunctional potential of plant oil derivatives as topical ingredients and support studies of IDL and IDC as therapeutic candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R. Swindell
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Correspondence:
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34
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Fehr D, Brüggen MC. Biomarkers in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis-a Delphi-based guide through the jungle? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:1400-1401. [PMID: 35980213 PMCID: PMC9541510 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Fehr
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - M-C Brüggen
- Allergy Unit, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
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35
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Fiocchi A, Cabana MD, Mennini M. Current Use of Probiotics and Prebiotics in Allergy. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2022; 10:2219-2242. [PMID: 35792336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The microbiome plays an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. This review updates the reader on studies aimed at influencing allergic diseases through modulation of the gut microflora. A nonsystematic review of the literature was performed, focusing on relevant trials evaluating the effect of probiotics/prebiotics/symbiotics in the prevention and treatment of allergic disease. For each allergic disease, we were able to find not only a substantial number of clinical trials but also systematic reviews. Specific guidelines, based on systematic reviews and meta-analyses, are available for the prevention of allergic disease and for the treatment of food allergy. In each of the areas examined-allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis, food allergy, and gastrointestinal allergies-there are substantial uncertainties in the efficacy of gut microflora modulation in prevention and treatment. At present, practicing clinicians can avail themselves of intestinal flora modulators as an adjunct in the prevention of atopic dermatitis but not of other forms of allergic diseases. Their effects on the treatment of allergic diseases remain controversial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Fiocchi
- Translational Research in Pediatric Specialities Area, Allergy Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Michael D Cabana
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and the Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY
| | - Maurizio Mennini
- Translational Research in Pediatric Specialities Area, Allergy Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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36
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Nosratabadi R, Khajepour F, Zangouyee M, Khosravimashizi A, Afgar A, Abdollahi V, Dabiri S. Caraway extract alleviates atopic dermatitis by regulating oxidative stress, suppressing Th2 cells, and upregulating Th1 cells in mice. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/2221-1691.357741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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