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Pan G, Lu Y, Wei Z, Li Y, Li L, Pan X. A review on the in vitro and in vivo screening of α-glucosidase inhibitors. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37467. [PMID: 39309836 PMCID: PMC11415703 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
As a global metabolic disease, the control and treatment of diabetes have always been the focus of medical research. α-Glucosidase is a key enzyme in regulating blood glucose levels and has important applications in the treatment of diabetes. This review aims to explore the enzyme activity of α-glucosidase and its inhibition mechanism and evaluate the efficacy and limitations of existing inhibitor screening methods. First, the chemical structure, biological activity, and influencing factors of α-glucosidase on diabetes are discussed in detail. Then, the various methods that have been used to screen α-glucosidase inhibitors in recent years are reviewed, including in vivo animal experiments, in vitro experiments, and virtual molecular docking. The experimental principles, advantages, and limitations of each method and their application in discovering new inhibitors are also discussed. Finally, this review emphasizes the importance of developing efficient and safe α-glucosidase inhibitors, summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of various screening models, and proposes future research directions. This review comprehensively examines the enzyme activity of α-glucosidase and the screening methods for α-glucosidase inhibitors, provides an important perspective in the field of diabetes drug discovery and development, and provides a reference for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangjuan Pan
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Yantong Lu
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Zhiying Wei
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Yaohua Li
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Li Li
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Ethnic Medicine Resources and Application, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Xiaojiao Pan
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
- Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Ethnic Medicine Resources and Application, Nanning, 530200, China
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Kulkarni P, Yeram PB, Vora A. Terpenes in the management of chronic kidney disease. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:6351-6368. [PMID: 38683370 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03098-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a chronic and progressive systemic condition that characterizes irreversible alterations in the kidneys' function and structure over an extended period, spanning months to years. CKD is the one of the major causes of mortality worldwide. However, very limited treatment options are available in the market for management of the CKD. Diabetes and hypertension are the key risk factors for the progression of CKD. It is majorly characterised by glomerulosclerosis, tubular atrophy, and interstitial fibrosis. Plants are considered safe and effective in treating various chronic conditions. A diverse group of phytoconstituents, including polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and terpenes, have found significant benefits in managing chronic ailments. Terpenes constitute a diverse group of plant compounds with various therapeutic benefits. Evidence-based pharmacological studies underscore the crucial role played by terpenes in preventing and managing CKD. These substances demonstrate the capacity to hinder detrimental pathways, such as oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis, thereby demonstrating benefit in renal dysfunction. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the roles and positive attributes of commonly occurring terpenes in managing the causes and risk factors of CKD and the associated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyusha Kulkarni
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Pranali B Yeram
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Amisha Vora
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, 400056, India.
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Tretyakova E, Heise NV, Csuk R, Kazakova O. Inhibitory properties of quinopimaric acid derivatives towards cholinesterases. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37812150 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2266107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
A series of new diterpene quinopimaric acid derivatives modified at the hydroxyl group with different pharmacophore fragments has been synthesised and their (along with previously obtained compounds) inhibitory properties towards cholinesterases were studied. Thereby an indole-3-acetyl derivative 7 and a propargyl substituted compound 28 were shown to be excellent and acetylcholinesterase-selective inhibitors. Both compounds inhibited the enzyme as a mixed type inhibitor, and Ki values of 0.41 and 0.44 µM and Ki' values of 0.98 and 2.26 µM were determined. The binding interactions between all active compounds and ligands protein were confirmed through molecular docking study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tretyakova
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russian Federation
| | - Niels V Heise
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - René Csuk
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Oxana Kazakova
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russian Federation
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Novel Molecules in Diabetes Mellitus, Dyslipidemia and Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044029. [PMID: 36835441 PMCID: PMC9961468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this Special Issue is to present the impact in clinical practice as well as in medical research of novel molecules that have been introduced in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidaemia, and cardiovascular disease [...].
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