1
|
Dias MC, Silva S, Galhano C, Lorenzo P. Olive Tree Belowground Microbiota: Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria and Fungi. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1848. [PMID: 38999688 PMCID: PMC11244348 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The olive tree is one of the most significant crops in the Mediterranean region. Its remarkable adaptability to various environments has facilitated olive cultivation across diverse regions and agricultural scenarios. The rising global demand for olive products, coupled with climate challenges, is driving changes in cultivation methods. These changes are altering the traditional landscape and may potentially reshape the structure and composition of orchard microbial communities, which can impact productivity and stress tolerance. Bacterial and fungal communities naturally associated with plants have long been recognized as crucial for plant growth and health, serving as a vital component of sustainable agriculture. In this review, we aim to highlight the significance of olive cultivation and the impact of abiotic stresses. We update the current knowledge on the profiles of rhizosphere and root fungal and bacterial communities in olive orchards and examine how (a)biotic factors influence these communities. Additionally, we explore the potential of plant growth-promoting bacteria and fungi in enhancing olive physiological performance and stress tolerance. We identify knowledge gaps and emphasize the need for implementing new strategies. A comprehensive understanding of olive-associated microbiota will aid in developing sustainable agronomic practices to address climatic challenges and meet the growing demand for olive products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Celeste Dias
- Associate Laboratory TERRA, Center for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sónia Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cristina Galhano
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Agriculture School, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paula Lorenzo
- Associate Laboratory TERRA, Center for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ma YN, Mongkolthanaruk W, Riddech N. Enhancing soil amendment for salt stress using pretreated rice straw and cellulolytic fungi. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13903. [PMID: 38886460 PMCID: PMC11183052 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64705-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Rice straw breakdown is sluggish, which makes agricultural waste management difficult, however pretreatment procedures and cellulolytic fungi can address this issue. Through ITS sequencing, Chaetomium globosum C1, Aspergillus sp. F2, and Ascomycota sp. SM2 were identified from diverse sources. Ascomycota sp. SM2 exhibited the highest carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) activity (0.86 IU/mL) and filter-paper cellulase (FPase) activity (1.054 FPU/mL), while Aspergillus sp. F2 showed the highest CMCase activity (0.185 IU/mL) after various pretreatments of rice straw. These fungi thrived across a wide pH range, with Ascomycota sp. SM2 from pH 4 to 9, Aspergillus sp. F2, and Chaetomium globosum C1 thriving in alkaline conditions (pH 9). FTIR spectroscopy revealed significant structural changes in rice straw after enzymatic hydrolysis and solid-state fermentation, indicating lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose degradation. Soil amendments with pretreated rice straw, cow manure, biochar, and these fungi increased root growth and soil nutrient availability, even under severe salt stress (up to 9.3 dS/m). The study emphasizes the need for a better understanding of Ascomycota sp. degradation capabilities and proposes that using cellulolytic fungus and pretreatment rice straw into soil amendments could mitigate salt-related difficulties and improve nutrient availability in salty soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yen Nhi Ma
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Wiyada Mongkolthanaruk
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Nuntavun Riddech
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yu Y, Yang Z, Han M, Sun S, Xu G, Yang G. Beneficial rhizosphere bacteria provides active assistance in resisting Aphis gossypiis in Ageratina adenophora. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1394153. [PMID: 38812733 PMCID: PMC11133562 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1394153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Ageratina adenophora can enhance its invasive ability by using beneficial rhizosphere bacteria. Bacillus cereus is able to promote plant growth and provide a positive feedback effect to A. adenophora. However, the interaction between A. adenophora and B. cereus under the influence of native polyphagous insect feeding is still unclear. In this study, Eupatorium lindleyanum, a local species closely related to A. adenophora, was used as a control, aimed to compare the content of B. cereus in the roots of A. adenophora and rhizosphere soil after different densities of Aphis gossypii feeding, and then investigated the variations in the population of A. gossypii and soil characteristics after the addition of B. cereus. The result showed that B. cereus content in the rhizosphere soil and root of A. adenophora increased significantly under A. gossypii feeding compared with local plants, which also led to the change of α-diversity and β-diversity of the bacterial community, as well as the increase in nitrate nitrogen (NO3 -N) content. The addition of B.cereus in the soil could also inhibit the population growth of A. gossypii on A. adenophora and increase the content of ammonium nitrogen (NH4 +-N) in the soil. Our research demonstrated that B. cereus enhances the ability of A. adenophora to resist natural enemy by increasing soil ammonium nitrogen (NH4 +-N) and accumulating other beneficial bacteria, which means that rhizosphere microorganisms help invasive plants defend themselves against local natural enemies by regulating the soil environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youxin Yu
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zihao Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mengyang Han
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shengnan Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Gang Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guoqing Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sidhoum W, Dib S, Alim Y, Anseur S, Benlatreche S, Belaidouni ZM, Chamouma FEZ. Growth-promoting effects of Aspergillus Elegans and the dark septate endophyte (DSE) Periconia macrospinosa on cucumber. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:226. [PMID: 38642120 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03958-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Cucurbits are subject to a variety of stresses that limit their sustainable production, despite their important role in ensuring food security and nutrition. Plant stress tolerance can be enhanced through fungal endophytes. In this study, two endophytes isolated from wild plant roots, were tested to determine their effect on the growth promotion of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the designated isolates were Aspergillus elegans and Periconia macrospinosa. The results of the Plant Growth Promoting Fungal (PGPF) tests showed that both Aspergillus elegans and Periconia macrospinosa have a zinc solubilizing capacity, especially A. elegans, with a solubilization index higher than 80%. Also, both have a high salt tolerance (10-15% NaCl for P. macrospinosa and A. elegans, respectively), cellulolytic activity, and inhibition indices of 40-64.53%. A. elegans and P. macrospinosa had antagonistic effects against the cucumber phytopathogenic fungi Verticillium dahliae and Fusarium oxysporum, respectively. However, A. elegans and P. macrospinosa didn't exhibit certain potential plant benefits, such as the production of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and phosphate solubilization. The chlorophyll content and growth parameters of two-month-old cucumber plants inoculated with the fungal species were significantly better than those of the controls (non-inoculated); the shoot dry weights of inoculated plants were increased by 138% and 170% for A. elegans and P. macrospinosa, respectively; and the root colonization by fungal endophytes has also been demonstrated. In addition to the fact that P. macrospinosa has long been known as PGPF, this is the first time that the ability of A. elegans to modulate host plant growth has been demonstrated, with the potential to be used as a biofertilizer in sustainable agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Warda Sidhoum
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Microorganismes et Biotechnologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, University Oran 1, Es Senia, 31100, Algerie.
- Département de Biologie, Université de Mostaganem Abdel Hamid Ibn Badis, Mostaganem, 27000, Algerie.
| | - Soulef Dib
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Microorganismes et Biotechnologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, University Oran 1, Es Senia, 31100, Algerie
| | - Yousra Alim
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Microorganismes et Biotechnologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, University Oran 1, Es Senia, 31100, Algerie
| | - Sarra Anseur
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Microorganismes et Biotechnologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, University Oran 1, Es Senia, 31100, Algerie
| | - Sabrina Benlatreche
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Microorganismes et Biotechnologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, University Oran 1, Es Senia, 31100, Algerie
| | | | - Fatiha El Zahra Chamouma
- Département de Biologie, Université de Mostaganem Abdel Hamid Ibn Badis, Mostaganem, 27000, Algerie
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Guzmán-Guzmán P, Valencia-Cantero E, Santoyo G. Plant growth-promoting bacteria potentiate antifungal and plant-beneficial responses of Trichoderma atroviride by upregulating its effector functions. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301139. [PMID: 38517906 PMCID: PMC10959389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Trichoderma uses different molecules to establish communication during its interactions with other organisms, such as effector proteins. Effectors modulate plant physiology to colonize plant roots or improve Trichoderma's mycoparasitic capacity. In the soil, these fungi can establish relationships with plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPBs), thus affecting their overall benefits on the plant or its fungal prey, and possibly, the role of effector proteins. The aim of this study was to determine the induction of Trichoderma atroviride gene expression coding for effector proteins during the interaction with different PGPBs, Arabidopsis or the phytopathogen Fusarium brachygibbosum, and to determine whether PGPBs potentiates the beneficial effects of T. atroviride. During the interaction with F. brachygibbosum and PGPBs, the effector coding genes epl1, tatrx2 and tacfem1 increased their expression, especially during the consortia with the bacteria. During the interaction of T. atroviride with the plant and PGPBs, the expression of epl1 and tatrx2 increased, mainly with the consortium formed with Pseudomonas fluorescens UM270, Bacillus velezensis AF12, or B. halotolerans AF23. Additionally, the consortium formed by T. atroviride and R. badensis SER3 stimulated A. thaliana PR1:GUS and LOX2:GUS for SA- and JA-mediated defence responses. Finally, the consortium of T. atroviride with SER3 was better at inhibiting pathogen growth, but the consortium of T. atroviride with UM270 was better at promoting Arabidopsis growth. These results showed that the biocontrol capacity and plant growth-promoting traits of Trichoderma spp. can be potentiated by PGPBs by stimulating its effector functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Guzmán-Guzmán
- Institute of Chemical and Biological Research, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Eduardo Valencia-Cantero
- Institute of Chemical and Biological Research, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Gustavo Santoyo
- Institute of Chemical and Biological Research, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yaish MW, Al-Busaidi A, Glick BR, Ahmed T, Alatalo JM. The Effects of Salinity and Genotype on the Rhizospheric Mycobiomes in Date Palm Seedlings. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:190. [PMID: 38534459 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Salinity severely affects the health and productivity of plants, with root-associated microbes, including fungi, potentially playing a crucial role in mitigating this effect and promoting plant health. This study employed metagenomics to investigate differences in the structures of the epiphyte mycobiomes in the rhizospheres of seedlings of two distinct date palm cultivars with contrasting salinity tolerances, the susceptible cultivar, 'Zabad', and the tolerant cultivar, 'Umsila'. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rRNA was utilized as a DNA barcoding tool. The sequencing of 12 mycobiome libraries yielded 905,198 raw sequences of 268,829 high-quality reads that coded for 135 unique and annotatable operational taxonomic units (OTUs). An OTU analysis revealed differences in the rhizofungal community structures between the treatments regardless of genotype, and non-metric dimensional scaling (N-MDS) analyses demonstrated distinct separations between the cultivars under saline stress. However, these differences were not detected under the control environmental conditions, i.e., no salinity. The rhizospheric fungal community included four phyla (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota, and Mucoromycota), with differences in the abundances of Aspergillus, Clonostachys, and Fusarium genera in response to salinity, regardless of the genotype. Differential pairwise comparisons showed that Fusarium falciforme-solani and Aspergillus sydowii-versicolor increased in abundance under saline conditions, providing potential future in vitro isolation guidelines for plant growth-promoting fungi. This study highlights the intricate dynamics of the rhizosphere microbial communities in date palms and their responses to salt stress. Additionally, we found no support for the hypothesis that indigenous epiphytic fungal communities are significantly involved in salinity tolerance in date palms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud W Yaish
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Aya Al-Busaidi
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 36, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Bernard R Glick
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Talaat Ahmed
- Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Juha M Alatalo
- Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dong L, Hua Y, Gao Z, Wu H, Hou Y, Chu Y, Zhang J, Cui G. The Multiple Promoting Effects of Suaeda glauca Root Exudates on the Growth of Alfalfa under NaCl Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:752. [PMID: 38592745 PMCID: PMC10974879 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Under abiotic stress, plant root exudates can improve plant growth performance. However, studies on the effect of root exudates on the stress resistance of another plant are insufficient. In this study, root exudates (REs) were extracted from Suaeda glauca to explore their effect on alfalfa seedlings under salt stress. The results showed that the plant height and fresh weight of alfalfa significantly increased by 47.72% and 53.39% after 7 days of RE treatment at a 0.4% NaCl concentration. Under 1.2% salt stress, REs reduced the Malondialdehyde content in alfalfa by 30.14% and increased the activity of its antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase and catalase) and the content of its osmotic regulators (soluble sugar and proline) by 60.68%, 52%, 45.67%, and 38.67%, respectively. Soil enzyme activity and the abundance of soil-beneficial bacteria were increased by REs. Spearman analysis showed that urease and neutral phosphatase were related to the richness of beneficial bacteria. Redundancy analysis confirmed that urease affected the composition of the soil bacterial community. The partial least squares structural equation model (PLS-SEM) revealed that REs had a direct positive effect on alfalfa growth under salt stress by regulating the plant's injury and antioxidant systems, and the soil bacterial community had an indirect positive effect on alfalfa growth through soil enzyme activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Guowen Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (L.D.); (Y.H.); (Z.G.); (H.W.); (Y.H.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Babalola OO, Adedayo AA. Endosphere microbial communities and plant nutrient acquisition toward sustainable agriculture. Emerg Top Life Sci 2023; 7:207-217. [PMID: 37975608 PMCID: PMC10754323 DOI: 10.1042/etls20230069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Endophytic microbial communities have essential information for scientists based on their biological contribution to agricultural practices. In the external plant environment, biotic and abiotic factors affect microbial populations before getting into plant tissues. Endophytes are involved in mutualistic and antagonistic activities with the host plant. Microbial communities inhabiting the internal tissues of plant roots depend on their ability to live and contend with other plant microflora. The advantageous ones contribute to soil health and plant growth either directly or indirectly. The microbial communities move via soil-root environment into the endosphere of plants promoting plant growth features like antibiosis, induced systemic resistance, phytohormone synthesis, and bioremediation. Therefore, the existence of these microorganisms contributes to plant genomes, nutrient availability in the soil, the presence of pathogens, and abiotic factors. This review aims at how endophytic microorganisms have displayed great interest in contributing to abundant crop production and phytopathogen inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Mail Bag 2046, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | - Afeez Adesina Adedayo
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Private Mail Bag 2046, Mmabatho, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kravchenko I, Rayko M, Sokornova S, Tikhonova E, Konopkin A, Lapidus A. Analysis of rhizosphere fungal community of agricultural crops cultivated in laboratory experiments on Chernevaya taiga soil. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 40:27. [PMID: 38057541 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03827-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Chernevaya taiga of Western Siberia, Russia, is a unique ecosystem characterized by fertile soil, exceptionally large herbaceous plant sizes, and extraordinarily rapid rates of plant residue degradation. We expected that growing crops on soil collected from Chernevaya taiga, which has never been used for agricultural purposes before, would result in a distinct rhizospheric fungal community. This community could potentially yield novel, potent biostimulators and biocontrol fungi for modern agriculture. To check this idea, we used high-throughput ITS sequencing to examine the microbial communities in the rhizosphere of spring wheat and radish grown in greenhouse experiments on Chernevaya and control soils. Additionally, representative fungal strains were isolated and assessed for their ability to promote growth in wheat seedlings. The study revealed that the most abundant phyla in the rhizospheric fungal community were Mortierellomycota, primarily consisting of Mortierella species, and Ascomycota. Mucor and Umbelopsis comprised the majority of Mucoromycota in the control soils. Fusarium and Oidiodendron, two potentially plant-pathogenic fungi, were only found in the rhizosphere of crops grown in the control soil. Conversely, Chernevaya soil contained a diverse range of potential biocontrol fungi for plants. Tested novel fungal isolates showed a stimulating effect on the development of wheat seedlings and positively affected their rate of biomass accumulation. The results of the study demonstrate that the soil of Chernevaya taiga do indeed contain fungi with prominent potential to stimulate agricultural plants growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Kravchenko
- Research Center of Biotechnology, Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Mikhail Rayko
- Center for Bioinformatics and Algorithmic Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sophie Sokornova
- Department of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, 196608, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Tikhonova
- Research Center of Biotechnology, Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksey Konopkin
- Research Center of Biotechnology, Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alla Lapidus
- Center for Bioinformatics and Algorithmic Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tang J, Han Y, Pei L, Gu W, Qiu R, Wang S, Ma Q, Gan Y, Tang M. Comparative analysis of the rhizosphere microbiome and medicinally active ingredients of Atractylodes lancea from different geographical origins. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220769. [PMID: 38027226 PMCID: PMC10668115 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the important role of the rhizosphere microbiome in the quality of Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. (A. lancea). The rhizosphere microbial community of A. lancea at two sampling sites was studied using metagenomic technology. The results of α-diversity analysis showed that the rhizosphere microbial richness and diversity were higher in the Maoshan area. The higher abundance of core microorganisms of the rhizosphere, especially Penicillium and Streptomyces, in the Maoshan area compared with those in the Yingshan area might be an important factor affecting the yield of A. lancea. Redundancy analysis illustrated that the available phosphorus had a significant effect on the rhizosphere microbial community structure of A. lancea. We also showed that the plant-microbe and microbe-microbe interactions were closer in the Maoshan area than in the Yingshan area, and Streptomyces were the main contributors to the potential functional difference between the two regions. A. lancea in the Maoshan area had a high content of atractylodin and atractylon, which might be related to the enhanced abundance of Streptomyces, Candidatus-Solibacter, and Frankia. Taken together, this study provided theoretical insights into the interaction between medicinal plants and the rhizosphere microbiome and provides a valuable reference for studying beneficial microbes of A. lancea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yun Han
- Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215002, China
| | - Lingfeng Pei
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Wei Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization,
Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Rongli Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, Beijng, 100700, China
| | - Qihan Ma
- Suzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, 215002, China
| | - Yifu Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Min Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Jiangsu, Nanjing, 210023, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Adedayo AA, Babalola OO. Genomic mechanisms of plant growth-promoting bacteria in the production of leguminous crops. Front Genet 2023; 14:1276003. [PMID: 38028595 PMCID: PMC10654986 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1276003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Legumes are highly nutritious in proteins and are good food for humans and animals because of their nutritional values. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPR) are microbes dwelling in the rhizosphere soil of a plant contributing to the healthy status, growth promotion of crops, and preventing the invasion of diseases. Root exudates produced from the leguminous plants' roots can lure microbes to migrate to the rhizosphere region in other to carry out their potential activities which reveals the symbiotic association of the leguminous plant and the PGPR (rhizobia). To have a better cognition of the PGPR in the rhizosphere of leguminous plants, genomic analyses would be conducted employing various genomic sequences to observe the microbial community and their functions in the soil. Comparative genomic mechanism of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) was discussed in this review which reveals the activities including plant growth promotion, phosphate solubilization, production of hormones, and plant growth-promoting genes required for plant development. Progress in genomics to improve the collection of genotyping data was revealed in this review. Furthermore, the review also revealed the significance of plant breeding and other analyses involving transcriptomics in bioeconomy promotion. This technological innovation improves abundant yield and nutritional requirements of the crops in unfavorable environmental conditions.
Collapse
|
12
|
Narayan OP, Yadav B, Verma N, Dua M, Johri AK. Maize Seedlings Colonization with Serendipita indica and Its Colonization Efficiency Analysis. Bio Protoc 2023; 13:e4855. [PMID: 37965269 PMCID: PMC10641333 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Maize is one of the most important crops in the world, and ensuring its successful growth and productivity is crucial for global food security. One way to enhance maize growth and productivity is by improving the colonization of its roots by beneficial microorganisms. In this regard, Serendipita indica, a plant growth-promoting fungus, has gained attention for its ability to enhance plant growth and productivity, especially in cereal crops and medicinal plants. Previous studies have shown that S. indica can colonize various plant species, including maize, but the efficiency of the colonization process in maize seedlings has not been extensively characterized. This protocol outlines a method for efficient colonization of maize seedlings with the beneficial fungus S. indica. The protocol includes the preparation of stock solutions, maintenance and growth of S. indica, surface sterilization and germination of seeds, preparation of S. indica chlamydospores, and colonization of maize plants with S. indica. The advantages of this protocol include the use of surface sterilization techniques that minimize contamination, the production of a large number of viable chlamydospores, and efficient colonization of maize seedlings with S. indica. This protocol may be useful for researchers studying the role of S. indica in promoting plant growth and combating biotic and abiotic stress. Additionally, this protocol may be used in the development of biofertilizers using S. indica as a means of increasing crop yields and reducing dependence on synthetic fertilizers. Overall, this protocol offers a reliable and efficient method for colonizing maize seedlings with S. indica and may have potential applications in the agricultural industry. This study also provides a valuable tool for researchers interested in studying plant-microbe interactions in maize and highlights the potential of S. indica as a biocontrol agent to enhance maize productivity under adverse conditions. Key features • This protocol builds upon the method developed by Narayan et al. (2022), and its application optimized for the root endophytic symbiotic fungus S. indica. • This protocol also allows for histochemical analysis to visualize the colonized fungal spores in the root cells of host plant species. • This protocol helps in mathematical calculation of the percent colonization or efficiency of colonization. • This protocol utilizes readily available laboratory equipment, including a light microscope, autoclave, and laminar flow hood, ensuring ease of reproducibility in other research laboratories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Om Prakash Narayan
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
- Department of Physics, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Bindu Yadav
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Nidhi Verma
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Meenakshi Dua
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Atul Kumar Johri
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|