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Nazari J, Shahba F, Jafariaghdam N, Mohebbi S, Arshi S, Bemanian MH, Fallahpour M, Shokri S, Atashrazm F, Amini S, Roomiani M, Jamee M, Babaheidarian P, Khoshmirsafa M, Nabavi M. Immune endotyping and gene expression profile of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps in the aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) and the non-AERD subgroups. ALLERGY, ASTHMA, AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 20:14. [PMID: 38360807 PMCID: PMC10870654 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-024-00876-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a paranasal sinus inflammatory disease and is divided into two subgroups defined as CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). CRSwNP displays a T helper (Th)2 biased phenotype, and based on sensitivity or tolerance to aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), is further subdivided into Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) and non-AERD groups. Considering the challenge of diagnosis and treatment in patients with CRSwNP, particularly the AERD subtype, and the significance of endotyping in these patients, we examined the immune profile and endotyping based on gene expression analysis in the AERD and the non-AERD groups of patients with CRSwNP. MATERIAL AND METHOD In this study, 21 patients were enrolled and were categorized into AERD (N = 10) and non-AERD (N = 11) groups based on their sensitivity to aspirin. After the special washing period, nasal polyps were biopsied in both groups, and the infiltration of eosinophils, neutrophils, plasma cells, and lymphocytes was compared between the AERD and the non-AERD groups. Also, gene expression levels of transcription factors including Tbet, GATA3, RoRγt, and FoxP3 and inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)1β, IL1RAP (IL1 receptor accessory protein), IL2, IL4, IL5, IL10, IL13, IL17, TNFα, and IFNγ were investigated by quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Statistical analyses were performed using analytical tests including Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney, and T-test. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The mean ± SD age of the studied groups was 37 ± 8.7 years old (21-50) for the AERD, and 40.4 ± 7.7 years old (31-52) for the non-AERD. LMS/EPOS/SNOT scores and pulmonary function tests showed no difference between the two groups. Serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were found to be higher in patients with AERD (p = 0.04), however, the peripheral blood counts of eosinophils were comparable in the two groups. In the histopathologic analysis, the AERD group showed higher percentages of eosinophils (p = 0.04), neutrophils (p = 0.04), and plasma cells (p = 0.04) than the non-AERD group. Additionally, the gene expression levels of GATA3 (p = 0.001), IL4 (p = 0.04), IL5 (p = 0.007), and IL17 (p = 0.03) were significantly higher in the AERD than the non-AERD groups. CONCLUSION Higher gene expression levels of GATA3, IL4, IL5, and IL17 were observed in the AERD group compared with the non-AERD group. These findings point to distinct patterns of inflammation in patients with AERD, with a predominance of Th2 inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Nazari
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pediatrics, Arak University of Medical Science, Arak, Iran
| | - Faezeh Shahba
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of immunology, school of medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Jafariaghdam
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saleh Mohebbi
- Skull Base Research Center, Five Sense Health Institute, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Arshi
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Rasool-e-Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14456 13131, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Bemanian
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Rasool-e-Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14456 13131, Iran
| | - Morteza Fallahpour
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Rasool-e-Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14456 13131, Iran
| | - Sima Shokri
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Rasool-e-Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14456 13131, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Atashrazm
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Rasool-e-Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14456 13131, Iran
| | - Saeed Amini
- Department of Public Health, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Maryam Roomiani
- ENT and Head and Neck Research Center and Department, Firoozgar Hospital, Five Senses Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Jamee
- Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Pegah Babaheidarian
- Department of Pathology, Rasool-e-Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Khoshmirsafa
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of immunology, school of medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Nabavi
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Rasool-e-Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 14456 13131, Iran.
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Ni R, Jiang L, Zhang C, Liu M, Luo Y, Hu Z, Mou X, Zhu Y. Biologic Mechanisms of Macrophage Phenotypes Responding to Infection and the Novel Therapies to Moderate Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098358. [PMID: 37176064 PMCID: PMC10179618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory types are the main phenotypes of the macrophage, which are commonly notified as M1 and M2, respectively. The alteration of macrophage phenotypes and the progression of inflammation are intimately associated; both phenotypes usually coexist throughout the whole inflammation stage, involving the transduction of intracellular signals and the secretion of extracellular cytokines. This paper aims to address the interaction of macrophages and surrounding cells and tissues with inflammation-related diseases and clarify the crosstalk of signal pathways relevant to the phenotypic metamorphosis of macrophages. On these bases, some novel therapeutic methods are proposed for regulating inflammation through monitoring the transition of macrophage phenotypes so as to prevent the negative effects of antibiotic drugs utilized in the long term in the clinic. This information will be quite beneficial for the diagnosis and treatment of inflammation-related diseases like pneumonia and other disorders involving macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renhao Ni
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Lingjing Jiang
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Chaohai Zhang
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Mujie Liu
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yang Luo
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Zeming Hu
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xianbo Mou
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yabin Zhu
- Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
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Vizuet-de-Rueda JC, Montero-Vargas JM, Galván-Morales MÁ, Porras-Gutiérrez-de-Velasco R, Teran LM. Current Insights on the Impact of Proteomics in Respiratory Allergies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105703. [PMID: 35628512 PMCID: PMC9144092 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory allergies affect humans worldwide, causing extensive morbidity and mortality. They include allergic rhinitis (AR), asthma, pollen food allergy syndrome (PFAS), aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), and nasal polyps (NPs). The study of respiratory allergic diseases requires new technologies for early and accurate diagnosis and treatment. Omics technologies provide the tools required to investigate DNA, RNA, proteins, and other molecular determinants. These technologies include genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. However, proteomics is one of the main approaches to studying allergic disorders' pathophysiology. Proteins are used to indicate normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to a therapeutic intervention. In this field, the principal goal of proteomics has been to discover new proteins and use them in precision medicine. Multiple technologies have been applied to proteomics, but that most used for identifying, quantifying, and profiling proteins is mass spectrometry (MS). Over the last few years, proteomics has enabled the establishment of several proteins for diagnosing and treating respiratory allergic diseases.
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