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Ansari N, Ramachandran V, Mohamad NA, Salim E, Ismail P, Hazmi M, Mat LNI. Association of GCK (rs1799884), GCKR (rs780094), and G6PC2 (rs560887) Gene Polymorphisms with Type 2 Diabetes among Malay Ethnics. Glob Med Genet 2023; 10:12-18. [PMID: 36703777 PMCID: PMC9873477 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1760384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic disorder, and the underlying causes remain unknown and have not been fully elucidated. Several candidate genes have been associated with T2DM in various populations with conflicting results. The variations found in glucokinase ( GCK ), glucokinase regulatory protein ( GCKR ), and glucose-6-phosphatase 2 ( G6PC2 ) genes were not well studied, particularly among Asians. Aims The main objective of this study was to determine the candidate genetic polymorphisms of GCK (rs1799884), GCKR (rs780094), and G6PC2 (rs560887) genes in T2DM among Malay ethnics. Methods In this candidate gene association study, a total of 180 T2DM subjects and 180 control subjects were recruited to determine the genotypes using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and Taqman probe assay methods. Genotype and allele frequencies in case and control samples were compared using the chi-squared test to determine a significant difference. Results The body mass index, fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and total cholesterol were significantly different ( p < 0.05) between T2DM and control subjects. The genotypic and allelic frequencies of GCK (rs1799884), GCKR (rs780094), and G6PC2 (rs560887) gene polymorphisms were significantly different between T2DM and controls ( p < 0.05). Conclusion Hence, rs1799884 of GCK gene and rs780094 of GCKR gene and rs560887 of the G6PC2 gene are possible genetic biomarkers in T2DM development among Malay ethnics in Malaysia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Ansari
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Vasudevan Ramachandran
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University College MAIWP International, Taman Batu Muda, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,Vasudevan Ramachandran Faculty of Health Sciences, University College MAIWP InternationalTaman Batu Muda, 68100 Batu Caves, Kuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Nur Afiqah Mohamad
- Centre for Foundation Studies, Lincoln University College, Selangor, DE, Malaysia
| | - Elnaz Salim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Patimah Ismail
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Hazmi
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Liyana Najwa Inchee Mat
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia,Address for correspondence Liyana Najwa Inchee, Mat, MBBCh BAO, PhD Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400, Selangor DEMalaysia
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Khorraminezhad L, Rudkowska I. Modulation of gene expression profile following consumption of high-dairy products in subjects with hyperinsulinemia. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:219-226. [PMID: 36411217 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Dysregulation of gene expression is associated to a higher risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Further, research indicates that dairy consumption may potentially affect gene expression. The aim of this study was to examine if genes and pathways associated with T2D are differentially changed in subjects with hyperinsulinemia after high dairy (HD) diet. METHODS AND RESULTS Ten obese patients with hyperinsulinemia who consumed HD (4 servings/day according to the Canadian Food Guide (2007)) for six weeks participated in this study. Before and after HD consumption, fasting blood samples were collected. Blood was taken in PAX-gene tubes and RNA was extracted and analyzed using Clariom S microarrays. Results indicated that 236 genes (137 up-regulated and 99 down-regulated; fold change (FC) ≥ ±1.2; p < 0.05) were expressed differentially between before and after HD intake. Genes related to pathways associated with insulin signaling and inflammation, such as olfactory receptor activity, G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), phosphatidylinositol-3-OHKinase (PI3K)/AKT2 (PI3K-AKT2), Ras signaling, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) were altered following HD. CONCLUSION Overall, results suggest a potential protective effect of HD intake in individuals at risk of T2D through modification of gene expression profiles. REGISTRATION NUMBER FOR CLINICAL STUDIES NCT02961179.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Khorraminezhad
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Laval University Research Center, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Iwona Rudkowska
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec-Laval University Research Center, Quebec, Canada; Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Québec (QC), Canada.
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Polyphenol from Rosaroxburghii Tratt Fruit Ameliorates the Symptoms of Diabetes by Activating the P13K/AKT Insulin Pathway in db/db Mice. Foods 2022; 11:foods11050636. [PMID: 35267269 PMCID: PMC8909201 DOI: 10.3390/foods11050636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
About 4% of the world’s population has type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and the available hypoglycemic drugs for treating diabetes have some side effects. Therefore, research on the extraction of hypoglycemic components from plants has gradually become popular. This study aimed to investigate the hypoglycemic effects of polyphenol-rich Rosa roxburghii Tratt extract (RP) isolated from Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit and of four constituents (IRP 1–4 ) isolated from RP on db/db mice. The results indicated that the oral administration of RP and IRP 1–4 could markedly decrease the food intake, water intake, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and serum insulin levels in the db/db mice. Glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress were ameliorated in the RP and IRP 1–4 groups. Histopathological observation revealed that RP and IRP 1–4 could effectively protect the liver fat against damage and dysfunction. RP and IRP 1–4 also increased the hepatic and muscle glycogen contents by increasing the phosphorylation and reducing the expression of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β). The activities of glucokinase (GCK), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCK), and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6PC) and their respective mRNA expression levels in the liver of db/db mice were simultaneously increased and decreased in the intervention groups. RP and IRP 1–4 significantly increased the expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (P13K) and the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (AKT). These results indicate that RP and IRP 1–4 exhibit good hypoglycemic effects by activating the P13K/AKT signaling pathway and regulating the expression of FOXO1 and p-GSK3β proteins, controlling hepatic gluconeogenesis and improving hepatic glycogen storage insulin resistance. Therefore, RP and IRP 1–4 could be utilized as the hypoglycemic functional component to alleviate the symptoms of T2DM.
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Slurink IAL, Voortman T, Ochoa-Rosales C, Ahmadizar F, Kavousi M, Kupper N, Smeets T, Soedamah-Muthu SS. Dairy Product Consumption in Relation to Incident Prediabetes and Longitudinal Insulin Resistance in the Rotterdam Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:415. [PMID: 35276774 PMCID: PMC8840212 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests neutral or moderately beneficial effects of dairy intake on type 2 diabetes mellitus risk. Nevertheless, evidence on associations with early phases of type 2 diabetes remains inconsistent. We aimed to examine associations between dairy-type intake with prediabetes risk and longitudinal insulin resistance. The analytic sample consisted of 6770 participants (aged 62 ± 4 years, 59% female) free of (pre-)diabetes at baseline from the prospective population-based Rotterdam Study. Dairy intake was measured at baseline using food frequency questionnaires. Data on prediabetes (fasting blood glucose 6.1-6.9 mmol/L or non-fasting 7.7-11.1 mmol/L) and the longitudinal homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were available from 1993-2015. Associations with these outcomes were analyzed with dairy intake in quartiles (Q4 vs. Q1) and continuous using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models and linear mixed models. During a mean follow-up of 11.3 ± 4.8 years, 1139 incident prediabetes cases were documented (18.8%). In models adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle and dietary factors, a higher intake of high-fat yogurt was associated with lower prediabetes risk (HRQ4vsQ1 0.70, 95% CI 0.54-0.91 and HRserving/day 0.67, 0.51-0.89). In addition, a higher intake of high-fat milk was associated with lower prediabetes risk (HRQ4vsQ1 0.81, 0.67-0.97, HRserving/day 0.88, 0.79-0.99). Associations were found for low-fat dairy, low-fat milk and total cheese with a higher prediabetes risk (HRserving/day ranging from 1.05-1.07, not significant in quartiles). Associations with longitudinal HOMA-IR were similar to prediabetes for high-fat yogurt, low-fat dairy and low-fat milk. Fermented dairy, low-fat yogurt, high-fat cheese, cream and ice cream were not associated with the outcomes. In conclusion, a higher intake of high-fat yogurt was associated with a lower prediabetes risk and lower longitudinal insulin resistance. Additionally, high-fat milk was associated with a lower prediabetes risk. Some low-fat dairy types were inconsistently associated with these outcomes. Studies are needed to confirm associations and to examine the influence of confounding by population characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel A. L. Slurink
- Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases (CORPS), Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands; (N.K.); (T.S.); (S.S.S.-M.)
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (T.V.); (C.O.-R.); (F.A.); (M.K.)
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Carolina Ochoa-Rosales
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (T.V.); (C.O.-R.); (F.A.); (M.K.)
- Centro de Vida Saludable, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070374, Chile
| | - Fariba Ahmadizar
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (T.V.); (C.O.-R.); (F.A.); (M.K.)
- Julius Global Health, University Utrecht Medical Center, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maryam Kavousi
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (T.V.); (C.O.-R.); (F.A.); (M.K.)
| | - Nina Kupper
- Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases (CORPS), Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands; (N.K.); (T.S.); (S.S.S.-M.)
| | - Tom Smeets
- Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases (CORPS), Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands; (N.K.); (T.S.); (S.S.S.-M.)
| | - Sabita S. Soedamah-Muthu
- Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases (CORPS), Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands; (N.K.); (T.S.); (S.S.S.-M.)
- Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AR, UK
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Deng T, Ye Q, Jin C, Wu M, Chen K, Yang J, Chen Z, Yu X, Chen G, Wang Y. Identification and validation of a glycolysis-associated multiomics prognostic model for hepatocellular carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:7481-7498. [PMID: 33686959 PMCID: PMC7993684 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Increased glycolysis has been reported as a major metabolic hallmark in many cancers, and is closely related to malignant behavior of tumors. However, the potential mechanism of glycolysis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its prognostic value are not well understood. To address this, we investigated glycolysis-related gene expression data of patients with HCC from TCGA and ICGC. Patients were categorized into three different glycolysis-associated subgroups: Glycolysis-M, Glycolysis-H, and Glycolysis-L. We found that Glycolysis-H combined with Glycolysis-M (Glycolysis-H+M) subgroup was associated with poor overall survival and distinct cancer stem cell characteristics and immune infiltrate patterns. Additionally, multiomics-based analyses were conducted to evaluate genomic patterns of glycolysis subgroups, including their gene mutations, copy number variations, and RNA-sequencing data. Finally, a glycolysis-associated multiomics prognostic model (GMPM) consisting of 19 glycolysis-associated genes was developed. The capability of GMPM in categorizing patients with HCC into high- and low-risk groups was validated with independent HCC datasets. Finally, GMPM was confirmed as an independent risk factor for the prognosis of patients with HCC. We believe that our findings provide new insights into the mechanism of glycolysis and highlight the potential clinical value of GMPM in predicting the prognosis of patients with HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Ye
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wenzhou People's Hospital, The Third Clinical Institute Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chen Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingliang Wu
- Department of Oncology, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kaiyu Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinhuan Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziyan Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - XiXiang Yu
- Department of Oncology, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Janiszewska J, Ostrowska J, Szostak-Węgierek D. Milk and Dairy Products and Their Impact on Carbohydrate Metabolism and Fertility-A Potential Role in the Diet of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3491. [PMID: 33202986 PMCID: PMC7696580 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk and dairy products are considered an important component of healthy and balanced diet and are deemed to exert a positive effect on human health. They appear to play a role in the prevention and treatment of carbohydrate balance disturbances. The products include numerous valuable components with a potential hypoglycemic activity, such as calcium, vitamin D, magnesium and probiotics. Multiple authors suggested that the consumption of dairy products was negatively associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance and ovulation disorders. However, there are still numerous ambiguities concerning both the presumed protective role of dairy products in carbohydrate metabolism disorders, and the advantage of consuming low-fat dairy products over high-fat ones, especially in women with the risk of ovulation disorders. Therefore, this literature review aims at the presentation of the current state of knowledge concerning the relationship between dairy product consumption and the risk of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus in women, and the potential effect on the course of polycystic ovary syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanna Ostrowska
- Department of Clinical Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, E Ciołka Str. 27, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland; (J.J.); (D.S.-W.)
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O'Connor S, Julien P, Weisnagel SJ, Gagnon C, Rudkowska I. Impact of a High Intake of Dairy Product on Insulin Sensitivity in Hyperinsulinemic Adults: A Crossover Randomized Controlled Trial. Curr Dev Nutr 2019; 3:nzz083. [PMID: 31453424 PMCID: PMC6700456 DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzz083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dairy product intake has been associated with decreased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in cohort studies. However, results from clinical trials on T2D-related risk factors remain inconclusive. OBJECTIVE The aim of this clinical trial was to evaluate the impact of high dairy product intake (HD) (≥4 servings/d) for 6 wk, compared with an adequate dairy product intake (AD) (≤2 servings/d), on glycemic and insulinemic parameters, insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, and β-cell function in hyperinsulinemic adults. METHODS In this crossover clinical trial, hyperinsulinemic adults were randomly assigned to HD or AD for 6 wk, then crossed over after a 6-wk washout period. Serum glucose, insulin, C-peptide, HOMA-IR, Matsuda index, insulinogenic index, and disposition index were measured and analyzed using a repeated-measures mixed model adjusted for age, sex, and BMI. Anthropometric measures were collected and food intake was evaluated using a validated FFQ. RESULTS Nineteen men and 8 women completed the study (mean ± SD age: 55 ± 14 y; BMI: 31.3 ± 3.3 kg/m2. Dairy product intake was 5.8 servings/d in the HD condition and 2.3 servings/d in the AD condition after 6 wk. No difference was observed between HD and AD after 6 wk for all outcomes. CONCLUSIONS HD does not affect glycemic and insulinemic parameters, insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, and β-cell function over AD in hyperinsulinemic adults. Additional larger and longer studies assessing T2D-related risk factors are required. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02961179.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah O'Connor
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec—Laval University Research Center, Québec, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec—Laval University Research Center, Québec, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stanley John Weisnagel
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec—Laval University Research Center, Québec, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Claudia Gagnon
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec—Laval University Research Center, Québec, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Iwona Rudkowska
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec—Laval University Research Center, Québec, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, Laval University, Québec, Quebec, Canada
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Eelderink C, Rietsema S, van Vliet IMY, Loef LC, Boer T, Koehorst M, Nolte IM, Westerhuis R, Singh-Povel CM, Geurts JMW, Corpeleijn E, Bakker SJL. The effect of high compared with low dairy consumption on glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and metabolic flexibility in overweight adults: a randomized crossover trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 109:1555-1568. [PMID: 30997492 PMCID: PMC6537937 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dairy products contain many nutritious components that may benefit metabolic health. There are indications that glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity, which are generally disturbed in overweight and obese individuals, may improve by increased dairy intake. This may also affect one's metabolic flexibility. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of high compared with low dairy intake on glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and metabolic flexibility in overweight adults (aged 45-65 y). METHODS In this randomized intervention study, subjects consumed a high- and a low-dairy diet [HDD (5-6 dairy portions) and LDD (≤1 dairy portion), respectively] for 6 wk in a crossover design, with a washout period of 4 wk. Dairy portions were 200 g semi-skimmed yoghurt, 30 g reduced-fat (30+) cheese, and 250 mL semiskimmed milk and buttermilk. After 6 wk, a 75-g oral-glucose-tolerance test (13C-labeled) and a subsequent fasting challenge were performed. Metabolic flexibility was studied by determining the respiratory quotient (RQ) using indirect calorimetry. Fasting and postprandial plasma concentrations of glucose and insulin were analyzed. The dual isotope technique enabled calculation of glucose kinetics. RESULTS The study was completed by 45 overweight men and postmenopausal women [age 58.9 ± 4.3 y, BMI 27.9 ± 1.9 kg/m2 (mean ± SD)]. Fasting RQ and ΔRQ, reflecting metabolic flexibility, did not differ after both diets. Fasting glucose concentrations were similar, whereas fasting insulin concentrations were lower after the LDD (LDD: 8.1 ± 2.8 mU/L; HDD: 8.9 ± 3.3 mU/L; P = 0.024). This resulted in a higher HOMA-IR after the HDD (P = 0.027). Postprandial glucose and insulin responses as well as glucose kinetics were similar after both diets. CONCLUSIONS The amount of dairy intake during a 6-wk period had a neutral effect on metabolic flexibility or postprandial glucose metabolism in middle-aged overweight subjects. More trials are needed to study the effects of specific dairy types and to differentiate between metabolic subgroups. This trial was registered at trialregister.nl as NTR4899.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coby Eelderink
- Department of Internal Medicinecal,Address correspondence to CE (e-mail: )
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Cécile M Singh-Povel
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, FrieslandCampina, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Jan M W Geurts
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, FrieslandCampina, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Corpeleijn
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Jiang B, Lv Q, Wan W, Le L, Xu L, Hu K, Xiao P. Transcriptome analysis reveals the mechanism of the effect of flower tea Coreopsis tinctoria on hepatic insulin resistance. Food Funct 2019; 9:5607-5620. [PMID: 30370909 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00965a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-Camellia tea and herbal medicine help prevent the development of diabetes and other metabolic diseases. Previous studies revealed that Coreopsis tinctoria (CT) flower tea increases insulin sensitivity and, in some high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats, even prevents hepatic metabolic disorders. However, the molecular mechanisms by which CT improves insulin resistance are not known. In this study, six-week-old rats were fed a normal diet (ND), an HFD or an HFD supplemented with CT for 8 weeks. Serum samples were collected, and the livers were extracted for RNA-seq gene expression analysis. Real-time PCR and western blotting further verified the RNA-seq results. In our results, dietary CT ameliorated HFD-induced hepatosteatosis, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance. In the HFD group, 1667 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified compared with the ND group. In the CT group, 327 DEGs were identified compared with the HFD group. Some of these DEGs were related to insulin signalling, hepatic lipogenesis and glucose homeostasis. This study suggested that insulin resistance with hyperinsulinaemia, and not insulin insufficiency, is an early problem in HFD-fed rats, and CT downregulates insulin secretion genes (e.g., Rasd1, Stxbp1 and Sfxn1). Hepatic gene and protein expression analyses indicated that the regulatory effects of CT on glucose and lipid homeostasis are likely mediated via the Akt/FoxO1 signalling pathway and are regulated by the transcription factors hairy and enhancer of split 1 (HES1) and small heterodimer partner (SHP). Our study provides transcriptomic evidence of the complex pathogenic mechanism involved in hepatic insulin resistance and proves that supplementation with CT improves insulin resistance at a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoping Jiang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.
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