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Luo J, Zhao X, Guo B, Han Y. Preparation, thermal response mechanisms and biomedical applications of thermosensitive hydrogels for drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:641-672. [PMID: 37218585 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2217377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drug treatment is one of the main ways of coping with disease today. For the disadvantages of drug management, thermosensitive hydrogel is used as a countermeasure, which can realize the simple sustained release of drugs and the controlled release of drugs in complex physiological environments. AREAS COVERED This paper talks about thermosensitive hydrogels that can be used as drug carriers. The common preparation materials, material forms, thermal response mechanisms, characteristics of thermosensitive hydrogels for drug release and main disease treatment applications are reviewed. EXPERT OPINION When thermosensitive hydrogels are used as drug loading and delivery platforms, desired drug release patterns and release profiles can be tailored by selecting raw materials, thermal response mechanisms, and material forms. The properties of hydrogels prepared from synthetic polymers will be more stable than natural polymers. Integrating multiple thermosensitive mechanisms or different kinds of thermosensitive mechanisms on the same hydrogel is expected to realize the spatiotemporal differential delivery of multiple drugs under temperature stimulation. The industrial transformation of thermosensitive hydrogels as drug delivery platforms needs to meet some important conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Baolin Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yong Han
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Liu H, Prachyathipsakul T, Koyasseril-Yehiya TM, Le SP, Thayumanavan S. Molecular bases for temperature sensitivity in supramolecular assemblies and their applications as thermoresponsive soft materials. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2022; 9:164-193. [PMID: 34549764 PMCID: PMC8757657 DOI: 10.1039/d1mh01091c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive supramolecular assemblies have been extensively explored in diverse formats, from injectable hydrogels to nanoscale carriers, for a variety of applications including drug delivery, tissue engineering and thermo-controlled catalysis. Understanding the molecular bases behind thermal sensitivity of materials is fundamentally important for the rational design of assemblies with optimal combination of properties and predictable tunability for specific applications. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in this area with a specific focus on the parameters and factors that influence thermoresponsive properties of soft materials. We summarize and analyze the effects of structures and architectures of molecules, hydrophilic and lipophilic balance, concentration, components and external additives upon the thermoresponsiveness of the corresponding molecular assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
| | | | | | - Stephanie P Le
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
| | - S Thayumanavan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
- Centre for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
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Hoang Thi TT, Sinh LH, Huynh DP, Nguyen DH, Huynh C. Self-Assemblable Polymer Smart-Blocks for Temperature-Induced Injectable Hydrogel in Biomedical Applications. Front Chem 2020; 8:19. [PMID: 32083052 PMCID: PMC7005785 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-assembled temperature-induced injectable hydrogels fabricated via self-assembly of polymer smart-blocks have been widely investigated as drug delivery systems and platforms for tissue regeneration. Polymer smart-blocks that can be self-assembly play an important role in fabrication of hydrogels because they can self-assemble to induce the gelation of their copolymer in aqueous solution. The self-assembly occurs in response to an external stimulus change, such as temperature, pH, glucose, ionic strength, light, magnetic field, electric field, or their combination, which results in property transformations like hydrophobicity, ionization, and conformational change. The self-assembly smart-block based copolymers exist as a solution in aqueous media at certain conditions that are suitable for mixing with bioactive molecules and/or cells. However, this solution turns into a hydrogel due to the self-assembly of the smart-blocks under exposure to an external stimulus change in vitro or injection into the living body for a controllable release of loaded bioactive molecules or serving as a biomaterial scaffold for tissue regeneration. This work reports current scenery in the development of these self-assembly smart-blocks for fabrication of temperature-induced injectable physically cross-linked hydrogels and their potential application as drug delivery systems and platforms for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thai Thanh Hoang Thi
- Biomaterials and Nanotechnology Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Le Hoang Sinh
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Dai Phu Huynh
- Faculty of Materials Technology and Polymer Research Center, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, VNU HCM, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Dai Hai Nguyen
- Institute of Applied Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Cong Huynh
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
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Lin SY. Thermoresponsive gating membranes embedded with liquid crystal(s) for pulsatile transdermal drug delivery: An overview and perspectives. J Control Release 2019; 319:450-474. [PMID: 31901369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to the circadian rhythm regulation of almost every biological process in the human body, physiological and biochemical conditions vary considerably over the course of a 24-h period. Thus, optimal drug delivery and therapy should be effectively controlled to achieve the desired therapeutic plasma concentrations and therapeutic drug responses at the required time according to chronopharmacological concepts, rather than continuous maintenance of constant drug concentrations for an extended time period. For many drugs, it is not always necessary to constantly deliver a drug into the human body under disease conditions due to rhythmic variations. Pulsatile drug delivery systems (PDDSs) have been receiving more attention in pharmaceutical development by providing a predetermined lag period, followed by a fast or rate-controlled drug release after application. PDDSs are characterized by a programmed drug release, which may release a drug at repeatable pulses to match the biological and clinical needs of a given disease therapy. This review article focuses on thermoresponsive gating membranes embedded with liquid crystals (LCs) for transdermal drug delivery using PDDS technology. In addition, the principal rationale and the advanced approaches for the use of PDDSs, the marketed products of chronotherapeutic DDSs with pulsatile function designed by various PDDS technologies, pulsatile drug delivery designed with thermoresponsive polymers, challenges and opportunities of transdermal drug delivery, and novel approaches of LC systems for drug delivery are reviewed and discussed. A brief overview of all academic research articles concerning single LC- or binary LC-embedded thermoresponsive membranes with a switchable on-off permeation function through topical application by an external temperature control, which may modulate the dosing interval and administration time according to the therapeutic needs of the human body, is also compiled and presented. In the near future, since thermal-based approaches have become a well-accepted method to enhance transdermal delivery of different water-soluble drugs and macromolecules, a combination of the thermal-assisted approach with thermoresponsive LCs membranes will have the potential to improve PDDS applications but still poses a great challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Yang Lin
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, No.306, Yuanpei Street, Hsin Chu 30015, Taiwan.
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He C, Ji H, Qian Y, Wang Q, Liu X, Zhao W, Zhao C. Heparin-based and heparin-inspired hydrogels: size-effect, gelation and biomedical applications. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:1186-1208. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02671h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The size-effect, fabrication methods and biomedical applications of heparin-based and heparin-inspired hydrogels are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao He
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Haifeng Ji
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Yihui Qian
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Weifeng Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
| | - Changsheng Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065
- China
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Politakos N, Kortaberria G. Exploring the Self-Assembly Capabilities of ABA-Type SBS, SIS, and Their Analogous Hydrogenated Copolymers onto Different Nanostructures Using Atomic Force Microscopy. MATERIALS 2018; 11:ma11091529. [PMID: 30149581 PMCID: PMC6165061 DOI: 10.3390/ma11091529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the self-assembled morphologies obtained for poly(styrene-b-butadiene-b-styrene) (SBS) and poly(styrene-b-isoprene-b-styrene) (SIS) ABA-type copolymers were investigated before and after hydrogenation of the polydiene block, which led to poly(styrene-b-ethylene)/poly(ethylene-b-styrene) (SEES) and poly(styrene-b-ethylene)/poly(propylene-b-styrene) (SEPS) copolymers, respectively. The evaluation of different morphologies was carried out using atomic force microscopy (AFM), analyzing the effect of various parameters such as the solvent and polymer concentrations employed for film casting (toluene, cyclohexane, or tetrahydrofurane with concentrations of 1 and 3 wt%), together with that of the annealing treatment (thermal annealing at room temperature, and 60, 80, and 100 °C). The effect of these parameters in combination with the chemical nature of the polydiene block led to different morphologies with different topographic aspects affecting the roughness (Ra) of the film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Politakos
- POLYMAT and Departamento de Química Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
- "Materials + Technologies" Group, Chemical & Environmental Engineering Department, Basque Country University, Plaza Europa 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
| | - Galder Kortaberria
- "Materials + Technologies" Group, Chemical & Environmental Engineering Department, Basque Country University, Plaza Europa 1, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain.
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