1
|
Ke X, Wu W, Li K, Yu Y, Wang T, Zhong B, Wang Z, Guo J, Wang C. Effect of the Binder during Ultra-Precision Polishing of Tungsten Carbide Using a Semirigid Bonnet Tool. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8327. [PMID: 36499829 PMCID: PMC9736145 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Tungsten carbide (WC) has the characteristics of high hardness, high strength, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and excellent fracture toughness. Accordingly, it has been commonly used as the material for cutting tools and molds in glass-forming techniques. To obtain ultra-smooth surfaces, fine polishing of WC is indispensable. However, the efficiency of WC polishing is low using the existing polishing methods, and the mechanism behind the polishing process requires further investigation. Specifically, the effect of the binder in WC polishing is not clear since there are different kinds of WC with various weight percentages of the binder. In this paper, we present the findings of a study on the polishing performance of two kinds of WC material, with and without the binder, using a semi-rigid (SR) bonnet polishing tool. A series of experiments were performed on a 6-DOF robotic polishing instrument to investigate the material-removal characteristics, surface integrity and sub-surface damage after polishing. The results demonstrate that the SR bonnet polishing tool successfully reduced the surface roughness of WC with and without the binder to the nanometric level, though the lowest surface roughness was obtained on binder-less WC. No obvious sub-surface damage was observed under SEM inspection, while the processing efficiency was greatly improved owing to the high material removal rate of the tool. Based on our analysis of key polishing parameters and corresponding surface integrities, the effect of the binder on the polishing performance is explained, which offers excellent guidance for WC polishing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Ke
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
| | - Wei Wu
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
- State Key Laboratory of Ultra-Precision Machining Technology, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kangsen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ultra-Precision Machining Technology, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yongheng Yu
- School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II), Brookhaven National Laboratory, P.O. Box 5000, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Bo Zhong
- Department of Automation, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jiang Guo
- Key Laboratory for Precision and Non-Traditional Machining Technology of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Chunjin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ultra-Precision Machining Technology, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Krzysiak Z, Gevorkyan E, Nerubatskyi V, Rucki M, Chyshkala V, Caban J, Mazur T. Peculiarities of the Phase Formation during Electroconsolidation of Al 2O 3-SiO 2-ZrO 2 Powders Mixtures. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6073. [PMID: 36079454 PMCID: PMC9457512 DOI: 10.3390/ma15176073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper is devoted to the sintering process of Al2O3-SiO2-ZrO2 ceramics. The studied method was electroconsolidation with directly applied electric current. This method provides substantial improvements to the mechanical properties of the sintered samples compared to the traditional sintering in the air. The research covered elemental and phase analysis of the samples, which revealed phase transition of high-alumina solid solutions into mullite and corundum. Zirconia was represented mainly by tetragonal phase, but monoclinic phase was present, too. Electroconsolidation enabled samples to reach a density of 3.0 g/cm3 at 1300 °C, while the sample prepared by traditional sintering method obtained it only at 1700 °C. For the composite Al2O3-20 wt.% SiO2-10 wt.% ZrO2 fabricated by electroconsolidation, it was demonstrated that fracture toughness was higher by 20-30%, and hardness was higher by 15-20% compared to that of samples sintered traditionally. Similarly, the samples fabricated by electroconsolidation exhibited elastic modulus E higher by 15-20%. The hypothesis was proposed that the difference in mechanical and physical properties could be attributed to the peculiarities of phase formation processes during electroconsolidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zbigniew Krzysiak
- Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 28, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
| | - Edwin Gevorkyan
- Wagon Engineering and Production Quality, Ukraine State University of Railway Transport, 7 Feuerbach Sq., 61010 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr Nerubatskyi
- Wagon Engineering and Production Quality, Ukraine State University of Railway Transport, 7 Feuerbach Sq., 61010 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Mirosław Rucki
- Institute of Mechanical Science, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, J. Basanaviciaus str. 28, LT-03224 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Volodymyr Chyshkala
- Department of Reactor Engineering Materials and Physical Technologies, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4 Svobody Sq., 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine
- Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz, Instytut Technologii Ekspoatacji w Radomiu, ul. K.Pułaskiego 6/10, 26-600 Radom, Poland
| | - Jacek Caban
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 36, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Mazur
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Stasieckiego 54, 26-600 Radom, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Properties of Cutting Tool Composite Material Diamond–(Fe–Ni–Cu–Sn) Reinforced with Nano-VN. MACHINES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/machines10060410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The study is devoted to structure and mechanical properties of a diamond composite used for manufacturing of cutting tools applied in a wide range of technological fields. The sample tools were fabricated by cold-pressing technology followed by hot-pressing in vacuum of the 51Fe–32Cu–9Ni–8Sn matrix mixture with diamond bits, both in absence and presence of nano-VN additives. It was demonstrated that without VN addition, the diamond–matrix interface contained voids and discontinuities. Nanodispersed VN added to the matrix resulted in the formation of a more fine-grained structure consisting of solid solutions composed of iron, copper, nickel, vanadium and tin in different ratios and the formation of a tight diamond–matrix zone with no visible voids, discontinuities and other defects. Optimal concentrations of VN in the CDM matrix were found achieving the maximum values of nanohardness H = 7.8 GPa, elastic modulus E = 213 GPa, resistance to elastic deformation expressed by ratio H/E = 0.0366, plastic deformation resistance H3/E2 = 10.46 MPa, ultimate flexural strength Rbm = 1110 MPa, and compressive strength Rcm = 1410 MPa. As-prepared Fe–Cu–Ni–Sn–VN composites with enhanced physical and mechanical properties are suitable for cutting tools of increased durability and improved performance.
Collapse
|
4
|
Gevorkyan E, Rucki M, Krzysiak Z, Chishkala V, Zurowski W, Kucharczyk W, Barsamyan V, Nerubatskyi V, Mazur T, Morozow D, Siemiątkowski Z, Caban J. Analysis of the Electroconsolidation Process of Fine-Dispersed Structures Out of Hot Pressed Al 2O 3-WC Nanopowders. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14216503. [PMID: 34772030 PMCID: PMC8585290 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fabrication of alumina–tungsten carbide nanocomposite was investigated. Characteristics of the densification and sintering were analyzed considering both the nano-size particle starting powders and the processing stages. Different heating rates were generated during densification and consolidation with a maximal load was applied only after a temperature of 1000 °C was reached. Due to the varying dominance of different physical processes affecting the grains, appropriate heating rates and pressure at different stages ensured that a structure with submicron grains was obtained. With directly applied alternating current, it was found that the proportion Al2O3 (50 wt.%)–WC provided the highest fracture toughness, and a sintering temperature above 1600 °C was found to be disadvantageous. High heating rates and a short sintering time enabled the process to be completed in 12 min, saving energy and time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Gevorkyan
- Wagon Engineering and Production Quality, Ukraine State University of Railway Transport, 7 Feuerbach Sq., 61010 Kharkiv, Ukraine; (E.G.); (V.N.)
| | - Mirosław Rucki
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Stasieckiego 54, 26-600 Radom, Poland; (W.Z.); (W.K.); (T.M.); (D.M.); (Z.S.)
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (Z.K.)
| | - Zbigniew Krzysiak
- Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 28, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (Z.K.)
| | - Volodymyr Chishkala
- Department of Reactor Engineering Materials and Physical Technologies, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4 Svobody Sq., 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine;
| | - Wojciech Zurowski
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Stasieckiego 54, 26-600 Radom, Poland; (W.Z.); (W.K.); (T.M.); (D.M.); (Z.S.)
| | - Wojciech Kucharczyk
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Stasieckiego 54, 26-600 Radom, Poland; (W.Z.); (W.K.); (T.M.); (D.M.); (Z.S.)
| | - Voskan Barsamyan
- Chair of Applied Physics, National Polytechnic University of Armenia, Vanadzor Branch, Vanadzor 2011, Armenia;
| | - Volodymyr Nerubatskyi
- Wagon Engineering and Production Quality, Ukraine State University of Railway Transport, 7 Feuerbach Sq., 61010 Kharkiv, Ukraine; (E.G.); (V.N.)
| | - Tomasz Mazur
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Stasieckiego 54, 26-600 Radom, Poland; (W.Z.); (W.K.); (T.M.); (D.M.); (Z.S.)
| | - Dmitrij Morozow
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Stasieckiego 54, 26-600 Radom, Poland; (W.Z.); (W.K.); (T.M.); (D.M.); (Z.S.)
| | - Zbigniew Siemiątkowski
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Stasieckiego 54, 26-600 Radom, Poland; (W.Z.); (W.K.); (T.M.); (D.M.); (Z.S.)
| | - Jacek Caban
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 36, 20-618 Lublin, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|