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Ismael SM, Atia DS, Atlam SA, Eltoukhy AA, Darwish AH. Helicobacter pylori Infection in Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Cross-Sectional Study. Pediatr Neurol 2024; 156:170-177. [PMID: 38788279 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2024.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with cerebral palsy (CP) frequently have associated disorders and complications, including gastrointestinal problems. Helicobacter pylori is a common infection worldwide, frequently associated with gastrointestinal manifestations. METHODS To estimate the prevalence of H. pylori infection in children with CP, a cross-sectional study over an eight-month period was performed in the pediatric neurology outpatient clinic of Tanta University Hospital. The study included 100 patients with CP aged two to 17 years. All patients were tested for H. pylori antigen in stool by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The mean age of studied children with CP was 7.03 ± 4.1 years; there were 57 males and 43 females. Spastic quadriplegic CP was the most common type of CP (34%). Forty-five children with CP were positive for H. pylori antigen in stool. Intellectual disability (ID), low sociodemographic scoring system, semisolid diet, and Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS) levels 4 and 5 were significant predictors of H. pylori infection (odds ratio of 1.86, 2.63, 12, and 1.77, respectively, P < 0.05). Vomiting, abdominal pain, and gastrointestinal tract bleeding were significantly more frequent in H. pylori-infected children with CP than noninfected children with CP (P value < 0.05) CONCLUSION: H. pylori is a relatively common infection among children with CP. The main risk factors for H. pylori infection were low socioeconomic level, ID, semisolid diet, and EDACS levels 4 and 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally M Ismael
- Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Department, Tanta University Hospital, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Dina S Atia
- Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Department, Tanta University Hospital, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Salwa A Atlam
- Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Department, Tanta University Hospital, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Abeer A Eltoukhy
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Department, Tanta University Hospital, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Amira Hamed Darwish
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Pediatric Department, Tanta University Hospital, Tanta, Egypt.
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Huang TT, Cao YX, Cao L. Novel therapeutic regimens against Helicobacter pylori: an updated systematic review. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1418129. [PMID: 38912349 PMCID: PMC11190606 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1418129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a strict microaerophilic bacterial species that exists in the stomach, and H. pylori infection is one of the most common chronic bacterial infections affecting humans. Eradicating H. pylori is the preferred method for the long-term prevention of complications such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and gastric cancer. However, first-line treatment with triple therapy and quadruple therapy has been unable to cope with increasing antibacterial resistance. To provide an updated review of H. pylori infections and antibacterial resistance, as well as related treatment options, we searched PubMed for articles published until March 2024. The key search terms were "H. pylori", "H. pylori infection", "H. pylori diseases", "H. pylori eradication", and "H. pylori antibacterial resistance." Despite the use of antimicrobial agents, the annual decline in the eradication rate of H. pylori continues. Emerging eradication therapies, such as the development of the new strong acid blocker vonoprazan, probiotic adjuvant therapy, and H. pylori vaccine therapy, are exciting. However, the effectiveness of these treatments needs to be further evaluated. It is worth mentioning that the idea of altering the oxygen environment in gastric juice for H. pylori to not be able to survive is a hot topic that should be considered in new eradication plans. Various strategies for eradicating H. pylori, including antibacterials, vaccines, probiotics, and biomaterials, are continuously evolving. A novel approach involving the alteration of the oxygen concentration within the growth environment of H. pylori has emerged as a promising eradication strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yong-Xiao Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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Gouda MA, Saied SA, Edrees A, Mostafa RG, Elfert A, Seleem AA, Shams A, Afify S. Effect of concurrent infection of Helicobacter pylori with Toxoplasma gondii infection on gastric pathology. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:408. [PMID: 38627630 PMCID: PMC11020820 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09270-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are among the most prevalent foodborne parasitic and bacterial infections worldwide. However, the concurrent impact of coinfection on gastric pathology has yet to be studied in depth. The effect of coinfection generally either adds a synergetic or antagonistic impact; we aimed in the current work to assess the impact of T. gondii coinfection on the progression of H. pylori-associated gastric pathology and reporting H. pylori virulent strains. The study was conducted on 82 patients complaining of persistent gastrointestinal symptoms with failed treatment response and prone to endoscopy. They were subjected to stool examination to detect H. pylori antigen, serological screening for latent toxoplasmosis, endoscopy, histopathological examination, and molecular detection of H. pylori virulence strains in gastric biopsies. Out of the 82 patients, 62 patients were positive for H. pylori antigen in stool and 55 patients confirmed positivity by histopathology; out of them, 37 patients had isolated Vac As1 variants, 11 patients had combined Vac As1 and Cag A variants, and 7 patients had combined Vac As1, Cag A and VacAs2 variants. Patients with the combined two or three variances showed significantly deteriorated histopathological features than patients with a single Vac As1 variant (P < 0.05). Latent toxoplasmosis was positive among 35/82 patients. Combined H. pylori and Toxoplasma gondii infection had significantly marked inflammation than patients with isolated infection (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Screening for toxoplasmosis among H. pylori-infected patients is recommended as it is considered a potential risk factor for gastric inflammation severity. H. pylori gastric inflammation may be heightened by Toxoplasma coinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa A Gouda
- Clinical and Molecular Parasitology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shibin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Sara A Saied
- Clinical Pathology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shibin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Edrees
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shibin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Rasha Galal Mostafa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Elfert
- Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Diagnostics department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shibin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Aya Abdallah Seleem
- Zoonoses department, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Shams
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shibin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Sameh Afify
- Hepatology and Gastroenterology Department, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shibin Elkom, Menoufia, Egypt
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Levy B, Fliss Isakov N, Ziv-Baran T, Leshno M, Maharshak N, Werner L. Economic and Chronologic Optimization of Fecal Donors Screening Process. MDM Policy Pract 2024; 9:23814683241254809. [PMID: 38873648 PMCID: PMC11171430 DOI: 10.1177/23814683241254809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background. Fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) is the delivery of fecal microbiome, isolated from healthy donors, into a patient's gastrointestinal tract. FMT is a safe and efficient treatment for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection. Donors undergo strict screening to avoid disease transmission. This consists of several blood and stool tests, which are performed in a multistage, costly process. We performed a cost-minimizing analysis to find the optimal order in which the tests should be performed. Methods. An algorithm to optimize the order of tests in terms of cost was defined. Performance analysis for disqualifying a potential healthy donor was carried out on data sets based on either the published literature or our real-life data. For both data sets, we calculated the total cost to qualify a single donor according to the optimal order of tests, suggested by the algorithm. Results. Applying the algorithm to the published literature revealed potential savings of 94.2% of the cost of screening a potential donor and 7.05% of the cost to qualify a single donor. In our cohort of 87 volunteers, 53 were not eligible for donation. Of 34 potential donors, 10 were disqualified due to abnormal lab tests. Applying our algorithm to optimize the order of tests, the average cost for screening a potential donor resulted in potential savings of 49.9% and a 21.3% savings in the cost to qualify a single donor. Conclusions. Improving the order and timing of the screening tests of potential FMT stool donors can decrease the costs by about 50% per subject. Highlights What is known:Fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) is the transfer of microbiome from healthy donors to patients.Fecal donors undergo multiple strict screening tests to exclude any transmissible disease.Screening tests of potential fecal donors is expensive and time consuming.FMT is the most efficient treatment for recurrent C difficile infection.What is new here:An algorithm to optimize the order of donors' screening tests in terms of cost was defined.Optimizing the order tests can save nearly 50% in costs of screening a potential donor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bar Levy
- School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Naomi Fliss Isakov
- School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Moshe Leshno
- Coller School of Management, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nitsan Maharshak
- School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lael Werner
- School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Alajmi SM, Alsulami TM, Ben Mudayhish MA, Alhawas MA, Alangari MS, Alfarhan A, Omair A. Knowledge and Attitude of Medical Students Towards Helicobacter pylori Infection and Its Prevention and Management: A Study From Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e51174. [PMID: 38283522 PMCID: PMC10815785 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a virulent pathogen causing gastritis and ulcers followed by serious complications. Despite being a heavy burden to eradicate, there are not many studies that assess the comprehension of future physicians regarding this bacterium. The objective of this study was to assess medical students' knowledge and attitude toward H. pylori while evaluating the variations based on their socio-demographic factors at King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among students in all four years of medical college. The data was collected by distributing an online questionnaire which included three following sections: demographic data, knowledge regarding H. pylori infection, and attitude toward H. pylori infection. Total knowledge and attitude levels were grouped into three and two categories, respectively, and compared between the respondents' socio-demographics. Results Out of 330 respondents, the majority were females (n=185, 56%), and the mean age was 22.8±2.1 years. There were 184 students (56%) who had an excellent attitude (>70%) and 140 (44%) students had average knowledge (34-70%). The medical students' knowledge level was significantly (p<0.001) different between the participants according to their year of study and gender, with higher scores reported by male students in their clinical years (sixth and fifth years). Conclusion Medical students of KSAU-HS, Riyadh, had an overall average knowledge and excellent attitude towards H. pylori infection, and its prevention and management which emphasize the need for more comprehensive education and awareness programs throughout the medical curriculum to ensure future physicians are well-prepared to address the challenges associated with H. pylori-related health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahad M Alajmi
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Taeef M Alsulami
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | - Maylan A Alhawas
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Mona S Alangari
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Ali Alfarhan
- Family Medicine/Primary Health Care, Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Aamir Omair
- Medical Education, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
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Almorish MA, Al-Absi B, Elkhalifa AME, Elamin E, Elderdery AY, Alhamidi AH. ABO, Lewis blood group systems and secretory status with H.pylori infection in yemeni dyspeptic patients: a cross- sectional study. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:520. [PMID: 37553651 PMCID: PMC10408178 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08496-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ABO and Lewis blood group antigens are potential factors in susceptibility to H. pylori infection. This research aimed to examine the prevalence of Helicobater pylori (H.pylori) infection and its association with ABO, Lewis blood group systems, and secretory status in Yemeni symptomatic patients. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, 103 patients referred for endoscopy due to dyspepsia were included. H pylori infection was assessed using stool antigen and serum antibody rapid tests. ABO and Lewis blood group systems were examined using hemagglutination assay. Saliva samples were investigated for identification of the secretory phenotype using hemagglutination inhibition test. RESULTS The prevalence of H. pylori infection was (80.6%), with a higher rate of infection in females than males. The ABO blood groups were found to be significantly different between males and females (p = 0.047). The O blood group was prevalent among H. pylori patients, especially secretors. There was a significant association between ABO blood groups and H. pylori infection (p = 0.001). The Le (a + b+) phenotype was the most common, followed by Le (a + b-), Le (a-b+), and Le (a-b-). Lewis blood group systems and secretory status of symptomatic patients were not associated with H. pylori infection. The results showed that serum Ab test for H. pylori achieved poor sensitivity (68%), specificity of 55%; positive predictive value (PPV) 86%, negative predictive value (NPV) 29% and accuracy 65.1%. CONCLUSION The prevalence of H. pylori infection was high in Yemeni patients. This infection was linked to the O and Le (a + b+) secretor phenotype. The H. pylori stool Ag test is the most reliable noninvasive diagnostic method for detecting H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Boshra Al-Absi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
| | - Ahmed M E Elkhalifa
- Public Heath Department, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of El Imam El Mahdi, Kosti, 1158, Sudan
| | - Elham Elamin
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of El Imam El Mahdi, Kosti, 1158, Sudan
| | - Abozer Y Elderdery
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz H Alhamidi
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Khan Z, Gul A. Helicobacter Pylori-Associated Gastritis in Middle Eastern Patients: A Case Series. Cureus 2023; 15:e39145. [PMID: 37332427 PMCID: PMC10275615 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a common chronic infection responsible for upper gastrointestinal symptoms such as indigestion, belching, heartburn, and abdominal fullness along with nausea and vomiting. It is considered a transmissible infection, although the exact chain of transmission is not clear. H. pylori-associated infection is a major pathogenic factor for gastroduodenal ulcers and gastric carcinoma in most patients, which can be prevented with eradication therapy. Transmission of the bacterium occurs mainly between family members and during childhood. Others may remain asymptomatic or may present with atypical symptoms such as headache, fatigue/weakness, anxiety, and bloating. We present five interesting cases of H. pylori-positive patients who had variable presentations and were successfully treated with first-line therapy and salvage therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Khan
- Acute Medicine, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Southend on Sea, GBR
- Cardiology, Bart's Heart Centre, London, GBR
- Cardiology and General Medicine, Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, London, GBR
- Cardiology, Royal Free Hospital, London, GBR
| | - Amresh Gul
- General Practice, Lifeline Hospital, Salalah, OMN
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Burayzat S, Al-Tamimi M, Barqawi M, Massadi MS, Abu-Raideh J, Albalawi H, Khasawneh AI, Himsawi N, Barber M. Antimicrobial Resistance Molecular Mechanisms of Helicobacter pylori in Jordanian Children: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12030618. [PMID: 36978485 PMCID: PMC10044679 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: H. pylori antimicrobial resistance causes increasing treatment failure rates among H. pylori gastritis in children. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms of H. pylori antimicrobial resistance among Jordanian children. Methods: Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were recorded for children referred to Prince Hamzah Hospital. Clarithromycin, Metronidazole, and Levofloxacin susceptibility were tested via E-test. Clarithromycin-related mutations were investigated using Real-Time (RT)-PCR and Levofloxacin resistance was analyzed with DNA sequencing of the gyrA gene. Results: 116 children were recruited, including 55.2% females and 55.2% in the age range of 10.1 to 14 years. A total of 82.7% were naïve to eradication therapy. H. pylori positivity was 93.9%, 89.6%, 61.7%, and 84.3% according to Rapid Urease Test, histology, culture, and RT-PCR, respectively. Resistance rates were 25.9% for Clarithromycin, 50% for Metronidazole, and 6.9% for Levofloxacin via E-test. A2142G or A2143G or a combination of both mutations concerning Clarithromycin resistance were documented in 26.1% of samples, while mutations in gyrA gen-related to Levofloxacin resistance were reported in 5.3% of samples. Antibiotic resistance was significantly affected by abdominal pain, anemia, hematemesis, and histological findings (p < 0.05). Conclusion: H. pylori resistance was documented for Metronidazole and Clarithromycin. RT-PCR for H. pylori identification and microbial resistance determination are valuable alternatives for cultures in determining antimicrobial susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Burayzat
- Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +962-(5)-3903333; Fax: +962-(5)-3826613
| | - Mohammad Al-Tamimi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan; (M.A.-T.); (J.A.-R.); (H.A.); (A.I.K.); (N.H.)
| | - Mohammad Barqawi
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan; (M.B.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Mustafa Sabri Massadi
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan; (M.B.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Jumanah Abu-Raideh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan; (M.A.-T.); (J.A.-R.); (H.A.); (A.I.K.); (N.H.)
| | - Hadeel Albalawi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan; (M.A.-T.); (J.A.-R.); (H.A.); (A.I.K.); (N.H.)
| | - Ashraf I. Khasawneh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan; (M.A.-T.); (J.A.-R.); (H.A.); (A.I.K.); (N.H.)
| | - Nisreen Himsawi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan; (M.A.-T.); (J.A.-R.); (H.A.); (A.I.K.); (N.H.)
| | - Maha Barber
- Department of Pediatrics, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman 11941, Jordan;
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Population- and Gender-Based Investigation for Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Dhamar, Yemen. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 2023:3800810. [PMID: 36742348 PMCID: PMC9891806 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3800810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Among 35 species of genus Helicobacter, H. pylori is the most common causative agent of human gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. The infection can spread through direct human-to-human contact, fecal-oral route, and contaminated water. The study was designed to investigate the rate of prevalence of H. pylori in the population of Dhamar, Yemen. In this one-year study, 460 including 250 male and 210 female stool specimens were collected between January to December 2020 in Dhamar Governorate, Yemen. Of the total 460, 215 rural (male: n = 120 and female: n = 95) and 245 urban (male: n = 130 and female: n = 115) specimens were investigated for identification of H. pylori by serological test using Helicobacter pylori stool antigen (HpSA) test. In addition, for comparing an improved recovery of H. pylori, conventional culture-based isolation was also carried out using three selective media. Modified Campy-blood Agar (MCA), Belo Horizonte Agar (BHA), and Egg yolk Emulsion (EYE) medium supplemented with antimicrobial agents including vancomycin (10 mg/L), cefsulodin (5 mg/L), trimethoprim (5 mg/L), and amphotericin B (5 mg/L) and isolates were phenotypically characterized. The HpSA test results revealed that of the total 460 specimens, 89 (19.3%) were positive for H. pylori with relatively low in male (n = 43; 17.2%) as compared to the female (n = 46; 21.9%) specimens. After 3-10 days of incubation, H. pylori was recovered at a variable rate on each selective (MCA: 16.5%; BHA: 15.0%; EYE: 13.0%) media. However, culture-based assay results showed less recovery (n = 81; 17.6%) with no significant difference among all selective media tested and between genders (male: n = 39; 15.6%; female: n = 42; 20.0%). The infection rate was comparatively higher in rural (n = 45; 20.9%) as compared to urban (n = 36; 14.7%) population. Overall, the study data showed the prevalence of infection in both genders of all age groups. The present study showed a relatively high rate of infection of H. pylori in the Dhamar population. The serological identification and culture-based methods are important for rapid detection, aid in treatment, and developing policies for the control and eradication of H. pylori infection and to prevent the disease in different age groups in Yemen.
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Shaaban SI, Talat D, Khatab SA, Nossair MA, Ayoub MA, Ewida RM, Diab MS. An investigative study on the zoonotic potential of Helicobacter pylori. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:16. [PMID: 36670434 PMCID: PMC9859744 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03572-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common bacterial infections and is widespread globally. It causes a variety of gastrointestinal disorders, though a great proportion of infections are asymptomatic. A total of 143 fresh stool samples were collected from apparently healthy farm and pet animals (43 cattle, 50 buffaloes, 50 sheep, 50 dogs, and 50 cats), in addition to 768 human stool samples. The samples were examined using stool antigen and rapid antibody tests, and further confirmation of glmM "human antigen-positive samples and animal milk samples" was conducted by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS The prevalence rates of H. pylori infection in animals were 22.2% and 16% in antibody and stool antigen tests, respectively. The detection rates were 28%, 24%, 12%, 10%, and 4.7% in cats, dogs, buffaloes, sheep, and cattle, respectively. On the other hand, the prevalence rate of H. pylori infection in human stool samples was 74.8%, and a statistically significant association was observed between prevalence and several factors, such as sex, age, and locality. PCR was performed to detect the glmM gene of H. pylori, and this gene was found in 21 of 27 human antigen-positive samples and 5 of 13 animal milk samples. CONCLUSIONS H. pylori was detected in both human and animal samples. Furthermore, glmM was found in milk and human samples. Our findings suggest that pet and farm animals could transmit H. pylori infection to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabah I. Shaaban
- grid.449014.c0000 0004 0583 5330Department of Animal Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Dalia Talat
- grid.449014.c0000 0004 0583 5330Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Shymaa A. Khatab
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Genetics and Genetic Engineering. Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Nossair
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Animal Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mousa A. Ayoub
- grid.449014.c0000 0004 0583 5330Department of Animal Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511 Egypt
| | - Rania M. Ewida
- grid.252487.e0000 0000 8632 679XDepartment of Food Hygiene (Milk Hygiene), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, Kharga Oasis, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Said Diab
- grid.252487.e0000 0000 8632 679XDepartment of Animal Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, New Valley University, Kharga Oasis, Egypt
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Shokri Shirvani J, Salehi M, Rezaei Majd A, Sadeghi F, Ferdosi-Shahandashti E, Khafri S, Rajabnia M. Expression Assessment of the Helicobacter pyloribabA and sabA Genes in Patients with Peptic Ulcer, Duodenal Ulcer and Gastric Cancer. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MEDICINE 2023; 12:211-219. [PMID: 38313370 PMCID: PMC10837913 DOI: 10.22088/ijmcm.bums.12.2.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori as a common gastrointestinal (GI) pathogen must possess certain virulence characteristics to colonize the stomach, evade host immune responses, and subsequently induce GI diseases. This research aimed to investigate the expression level of two important genes, the sialic acid-binding adherence (SabA) and the blood group antigen-binding adhesion (BabA) in H. pylori strains isolated from adult patients living in the northern part of Iran, and their association with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastric cancer (GC). This cross-sectional study was carried out on adult patients referring to the GI clinic of the hospitals affiliated to Babol University of Medical Sciences, Iran. New cases diagnosed with gastritis, peptic ulcer or gastric cancer were included. Endoscopic-guided gastric biopsies were examined and H. pylori positive colonies were analyzed to determine the expression of babA and sabA genes, utilizing specific primers and the SYBR Green dye. Among 175 patients with mean age of 51.6±15.6 years, 101 (57.7%) of the individuals tested positive for H. pylori infection. Statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation between sabA (P=0.003) and babA (P=0.002) gene expression and development of PUD and GC. Smoking (P=0.052), gender (P=0.004) and positive babA gene expression (P=0.009) had the greatest association with occurrence of PUD or GC in H. pylori positive patients. In summary, the presence of the sabA gene in people infected with H. pylori increased the risk of GC compared to gastritis, while, the presence of the babA gene was significantly increased in gastric ulcer patients. Considering the diversity of H. pylori isolates and the varying results observed in different geographical regions, further comprehensive studies are required to evaluate the function of these genes in H. pylori pathogenesis and their relationship with clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Shokri Shirvani
- Biomedical and Microbial Advanced Technologies Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Maryam Salehi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Farzin Sadeghi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Elaheh Ferdosi-Shahandashti
- Biomedical and Microbial Advanced Technologies Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Soraya Khafri
- Infertility and Reproductive Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rajabnia
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Stayoussef M, Zidi S, Kanabekova P, Mouellhi L, Almawi WY, Yaacoubi-Loueslati B. Relation of CRP gene variants to altered risk of Helicobacter pylori - associated chronic gastritis: A case-control study in Tunisia. Mol Cell Probes 2022; 66:101864. [PMID: 36162594 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2022.101864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the association between CRP variants and chronic gastritis in H. pylori-infected patients at the allele, genotype, and haplotype levels. This was also assessed according to serum hs-CRP levels. METHODS Study subjects consisted of 77 H. pylori-infected patients and 96 H. pylori-negative controls. Genotyping of the CRP rs1572970, rs876537, rs2794520, rs2808630, rs1130864, rs1417938, rs7553007, and rs4285692 variants were analyzed by real-time PCR. RESULTS Significantly higher MAF and increased risk of chronic gastritis were associated with rs1130864, rs1417938, and rs7553007, which persisted after controlling for key covariates. Significant differences in the genotype distribution of rs1130864, rs1417938, and rs7553007 were also seen between H. pylori-infected patients and healthy controls. Increased risk of H. pylori-associated chronic gastritis was associated with carriage of rs1130864 C/T, and more with T/T genotype carriers, as well as with rs1417938 T/A and A/A genotype carriers. Functionally, the distribution of rs1130864 and rs1417938 genotypes were significantly different between H. pylori-infected patients and controls in the low hs-CRP (<6 mg/L) group. CRP haplotype analysis identified Block 1 (rs1572970, rs876537, rs2794520), and Block 2 (rs2808630, rs1130864, rs1417938) associated with H. pylori infection. Haplotypes ACC (Block 1) and TTA and TTT (Block 2) were positively associated with H. pylori-associated chronic gastritis with low hs-CRP levels. CONCLUSION Altered serum levels of hs-CRP, stemming in part from the presence of specific genetic variants in CRP gene, modulate the risk of H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Stayoussef
- El Manar University, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Laboratory of Micro-Organisms and Active Biomolecules, 1092, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Sabrina Zidi
- El Manar University, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Laboratory of Micro-Organisms and Active Biomolecules, 1092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Perizat Kanabekova
- Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan City, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Leila Mouellhi
- Charles Nicolle Hospital, Gastroenterology Service, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Wassim Y Almawi
- El Manar University, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Laboratory of Micro-Organisms and Active Biomolecules, 1092, Tunis, Tunisia; Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan City, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Besma Yaacoubi-Loueslati
- El Manar University, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, Laboratory of Micro-Organisms and Active Biomolecules, 1092, Tunis, Tunisia
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Almashhadany DA, Mayas SM, Ali NL. Isolation and identification of <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> from raw chicken meat in Dhamar Governorate, Yemen. Ital J Food Saf 2022; 11:10220. [PMID: 35795467 PMCID: PMC9251868 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2022.10220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common bacterial pathogens of human, its natural reservoirs are still unclear. There is an increasing number of reports that document the occurrence of H. pylori in various foods. This study aimed at isolation of H. pylori from chicken meat sampled. Two hundred and sixty samples were collected randomly from slaughterhouses and markets in Dhamar Governorate, Yemen. Samples were enriched in Brain-Heart Infusion broth in microaerophilic conditions before inoculating the Camp-Blood agar and EYE agar plates. Results showed that 13.8% of samples were contaminated evidenced by H. pylori growth via traditional culture method on agar media. No significant differences between sample types (thighs and breast muscles) (p=0.353) or the sampling source (p=0.816) were observed. Autumn season was associated with increased occurrence of H. pylori. The source of H. pylori in food is still not identified. Proper cooking and good sanitation practices are highly recommended to avoid the infection. Further studies addressing the potential sources of H. pylori are highly suggested.
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Helicobacter pylori Infection: Comparison of Knowledge between Health Science and Non-Health Science University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18158173. [PMID: 34360466 PMCID: PMC8346000 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18158173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), an important human pathogen, is classified as a human carcinogen. It is known to cause dyspepsia, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. Awareness regarding H. pylori infections in Saudi Arabia awaits investigation to reduce or even eliminate the infection that would ease the substantial burden of managing H. pylori among both malignant and non-malignant diseases. Aims: The study aims were to (1) assess the knowledge of H. pylori infection, testing, and management among undergraduate students in Saudi Arabia and (2) compare the H. pylori knowledge among health science and non-health science students. Methods: This study involved a cross-sectional online survey among 334 undergraduate students in health science and non-health science colleges at King Saud University, Saudi Arabia, using a valid and reliable author-developed survey. The survey had two sections: the socio-demographic factors and knowledge items regarding H. pylori. Data were collected during the 2019–2020 academic year. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and Mann–Whitney U test. The knowledge scores were categorized as poor, fair, and good. Results: Less than 10% of the students in both groups had a good knowledge level about H. pylori. The comparison of the overall mean between both groups was non-significant. Moreover, the level of knowledge of the respondents was significantly associated with their university level (p < 0.001), family monthly income (p < 0.007), having heard about H. pylori infection (p < 000.1), and a previous history of H. pylori infection (p < 000.1). Conclusion: The overall knowledge level of Saudi undergraduate students about H. pylori infection was low. Thus, health awareness interventions through educational programs are recommended for improving their knowledge about H. pylori infection and its prevention.
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Fathy El Sayed A, Magd Eldin Mohammad Sadek A, Ahmed Ragab Abdelhamid W. Comparison between Hybrid, Reverse Hybrid, and Non-Bismuth Levofloxacin Quadruple Regimens for Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Egypt: A Randomized Trial. Middle East J Dig Dis 2021; 13:223-229. [PMID: 36606218 PMCID: PMC9489458 DOI: 10.34172/mejdd.2021.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in developing countries is 50.8%, with the highest occurrence presented in Africa (79.1%). It increases the risk of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, cancer of the stomach, and lymphoma. The effect of standard treatment for H. pylori eradication is below 80%, and evaluation of alternative lines of treatment is needed. We aimed to compare the hybrid, reverse hybrid, and levofloxacin quadruple therapies as first-line therapy in Egypt. METHODS This was a randomized interventional trial done in the clinics affiliated with the Internal Medicine Department. 330 individuals were selected according to the inclusion criteria. They were divided into three groups: group 1 (110 subjects who received a reverse hybrid regimen), group 2 (110 subjects who received a hybrid regimen), and group 3 (110 subjects who received a non-bismuth levofloxacin quadruple regimen). RESULTS Group 3 had a significantly lower eradication rate of 82.7% versus 92.7% and 91.8% in groups 1 and 2, respectively. There were non-significant differences in the incidence rates of adverse events among the three groups. CONCLUSION Both the reverse hybrid and hybrid groups had good eradication rates in the Egyptian population, but non-bismuth levofloxacin quadruple therapy did not obtain a sufficient eradication rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman Fathy El Sayed
- Lecturer of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Walid Ahmed Ragab Abdelhamid
- Lecturer of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
,Corresponding Author: Walid Ahmed Ragab Abdelhamid, MD Lecturer of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Human Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt Tel: + 20 1062904443 Fax: + 20 552345452
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Dulf EH, Festila C. Sensors for Cryogenic Isotope-Separation Column. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20143890. [PMID: 32668627 PMCID: PMC7411749 DOI: 10.3390/s20143890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cryogenic isotope-separation equipment is special, encountered in relative few research centers in the world. In addition to the main equipment used in the operation column, a broad range of measuring devices and actuators are involved in the technological process. The proper sensors and transducers exhibit special features; therefore, common, industrial versions cannot be used. Three types of original sensors with electronic adapters are presented in the present study: a sensor for the liquid carbon monoxide level in the boiler, a sensor for the liquid nitrogen level in the condenser and a sensor for the electrical power dissipated in the boiler. The integration of these sensors in the pilot equipment is needed for comprehensive system monitoring and control. The sensors were tested on the experimental equipment from the National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies from Cluj-Napoca.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva H. Dulf
- Department of Automation, Faculty of Automation and Computer Science, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Memorandumului Str. 28, 400014 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Physiological Controls Research Center, Óbuda University, H-1034 Budapest, Hungary
- Correspondence:
| | - Clement Festila
- Department of Automation, Faculty of Automation and Computer Science, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Memorandumului Str. 28, 400014 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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