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Li Y, Chen Z, Zhang K, Wang S, Bu X, Tan J, Song W, Mu Z, Zhang P, Huang L. A Flexible Capacitive Pressure Sensor with Adjustable Detection Range Based on the Inflatable Dielectric Layer for Human-Computer Interaction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:40250-40262. [PMID: 39031762 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c08387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
As an essential component in wearable electronic devices and intelligent robots, flexible pressure sensors have enormous application value in fields such as healthcare, human-computer interaction, and intelligent perception. However, due to the complex and ever-changing pressure loads borne by sensors in different application scenarios, this also puts great demands on the flexible response and adjustment ability of a sensor's detection range. Therefore, developing a flexible pressure sensor with a wide and adjustable detection range, which can be applied flexibly under different pressure loads, is also a major challenge in current research. In this paper, we propose a flexible pressure sensor with a wide and adjustable detection range based on an inflatable adjustable safety airbag as the dielectric layer. This sensor uses inflatable airbags prepared using 3D printing technology and silicone reverse molding technology as the dielectric layer and achieves high sensitivity (0.6 kPa-1 to 1.19 kPa-1), wide detection range (220-1500 kPa), and flexible performance applicability by adjusting the air pressure inside the dielectric layer. At the same time, its simple production process, convenient production, fast response time (100 ms), and good stability provide the possibility for the flexible application of sensors in different pressure detection. The experimental results indicate that the sensor has enormous potential for applications in wearable devices, healthcare, human-computer interaction, and intelligent perception recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxia Li
- College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Zhifu Chen
- College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Xiaofei Bu
- College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Jiapeng Tan
- College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Wenzheng Song
- College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Zhichao Mu
- College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
| | - Liangsong Huang
- College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
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Chen M, Jiang Z, Zhu M, Wang B, Chen J, Wang W. Effect of Secondary Foaming on the Structural Properties of Polyurethane Polishing Pad. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2759. [PMID: 38894023 PMCID: PMC11173749 DOI: 10.3390/ma17112759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Polyurethane polishing pads are important in chemical mechanical polishing (CMP). Thus, understanding how to decrease the density but increase the porosity is a crucial aspect of improving the efficiency of a polyurethane polishing pad. According to the principle of gas generation by thermal decomposition of sodium bicarbonate and ammonium bicarbonate, polyurethane polishing pad was prepared by a secondary foaming method. The influence of adding such an inorganic foaming agent as an auxiliary foaming agent on the structure, physical properties, and mechanical properties of polyurethane polishing pads was discussed. The results showed that compared with the polyurethane polishing pad without an inorganic foaming agent, the open-pore structure increased, the density decreased, and the porosity and water absorption increased significantly. The highest porosity and material removal rate (MRR) with sodium bicarbonate added was 3.3% higher than those without sodium bicarbonate and 33.8% higher than those without sodium bicarbonate. In addition, the highest porosity and MRR with ammonium bicarbonate were 7.2% higher and 47.8% higher than those without ammonium bicarbonate. Therefore, it was finally concluded that the optimum amount of sodium bicarbonate to be added was 3 wt%, and the optimum amount of ammonium bicarbonate to be added was 1 wt%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minxuan Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Materials Research Center for Nano Manufacturing, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (M.C.); (M.Z.); (B.W.); (J.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Zhenlin Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Materials Research Center for Nano Manufacturing, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (M.C.); (M.Z.); (B.W.); (J.C.); (W.W.)
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Fibers and Products, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Min Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Materials Research Center for Nano Manufacturing, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (M.C.); (M.Z.); (B.W.); (J.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Baoxiu Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Materials Research Center for Nano Manufacturing, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (M.C.); (M.Z.); (B.W.); (J.C.); (W.W.)
- Key Laboratory of High Performance Fibers and Products, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jiapeng Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Materials Research Center for Nano Manufacturing, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (M.C.); (M.Z.); (B.W.); (J.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Wenjun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Advanced Materials Research Center for Nano Manufacturing, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China; (M.C.); (M.Z.); (B.W.); (J.C.); (W.W.)
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Pan S, Zhang T, Zhang C, Liao N, Zhang M, Zhao T. Fabrication of a high performance flexible capacitive porous GO/PDMS pressure sensor based on droplet microfluidic technology. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:1668-1675. [PMID: 38304936 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00021h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Porous structures are an effective way to improve the performance of flexible capacitive sensors, but the pore size uniformity of porous structures is not easily controlled by current methods, which may affect the inconsistent performance of different batches of sensors. In this paper, a high performance capacitive flexible porous GO/PDMS pressure sensor was prepared based on droplet microfluidic technology. By testing the performance of the sensor, we found that the sensor with a flow rate ratio of 1 : 3 has relatively good performance, with a degree of hysteresis (DH) of 8.64% and a coefficient of variation (CV) of 5.2%. Therefore, we studied the sensor performance based on this process. The result shows that the sensitivity of the flexible capacitive porous GO/PDMS pressure sensor reached 0.627 kPa-1 at low pressure (0-3 kPa), which is significantly higher than that of the pure PDMS thin film sensor (about 0.031 kPa-1) and the porous PDMS pressure sensor (0.263 kPa-1). At the same time, the sensor has a large range with a fast response time of 240 ms and a relaxation time of 300 ms at 30 kPa and an ultra-low detection limit (70 Pa). It can maintain stable operation under continuous force loading/unloading cycles and can respond well to different pressure step changes, so the sensor can be used to detect the movement process of each finger, knee, foot and other joints of the human body. In conclusion, the droplet microfluidic technology can effectively prepare high-performance capacitive flexible porous GO/PDMS pressure sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- ShengYuan Pan
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
- Cangnan Research Institute of Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325800, China
| | - Ningbo Liao
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Miao Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
- Cangnan Research Institute of Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325800, China
| | - Tianchen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Air-driven Equipment Technology of Zhejiang Province, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, China
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Yu Q, Zhang J. Flexible Capacitive Pressure Sensor Based on a Double-Sided Microstructure Porous Dielectric Layer. MICROMACHINES 2022; 14:mi14010111. [PMID: 36677172 PMCID: PMC9861874 DOI: 10.3390/mi14010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In the era of intelligent sensing, there is a huge demand for flexible pressure sensors. High sensitivity is the primary requirement for flexible pressure sensors, whereas pressure response range and resolution, which are also key parameters of sensors, are often ignored, resulting in limited applications of flexible pressure sensors. This paper reports a flexible capacitive pressure sensor based on a double-sided microstructure porous dielectric layer. First, a porous structure was developed in the polymer dielectric layer consisting of silicon rubber (SR)/NaCl/carbon black (CB) using the dissolution method, and then hemisphere microstructures were developed on both sides of the layer by adopting the template method. The synergistic effect of the hemispheric surface microstructure and porous internal structure improves the deformability of the dielectric layer, thus achieving high sensitivity (3.15 kPa-1), wide response range (0-200 kPa), and high resolution (i.e., the minimum pressure detected was 27 Pa). The proposed sensing unit and its array have been demonstrated to be effective in large-area pressure sensing and object recognition. The flexible capacitive pressure sensor developed in this paper is highly promising in applications of robot skin and intelligent prosthetic hands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyang Yu
- College of Control Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Morningcore Holding Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266400, China
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