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Liu Y, Pan L, Li T, Tang T, Xu R, Duan X, Rasheed Z, Chen M, Tang W, Yan J, Qin W, Li S, Liu Y. Improving the performance of kraft paper by cinnamon essential oil/soybean protein isolate microcapsules and konjac glucomannan for citrus preservation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134308. [PMID: 39094880 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
In order to reduce the quality loss of citrus and extend its storage time after harvest, it is essential to develop coated kraft papers with antibacterial and fresh-keeping properties. In this study, cinnamon essential oil (CEO)/soybean protein isolate (SPI) microcapsules were prepared by the coagulation method, and their properties were optimized. Then, the microcapsules were added to konjac glucomannan (KGM) as a coating solution to enhance the physical, and chemical properties of kraft paper by a coating method. The release behavior of CEO, tensile properties, antibacterial properties and preservation effects of the paper were investigated. The results show that when the ratio of wall to core was 7:3, the highest encapsulation rate was 92.20 ± 0.43 %. The coating treatment significantly reduced the oxygen and water vapor transmission rates of kraft paper. The shelf life of citrus treated with coated Kraft was extended by >10 days. Thus, the CEO/SPI microencapsulation and KGM coating could improve the properties of kraft paper and have the potential for citrus preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Liujun Pan
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Tingli Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Tingting Tang
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Xu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Xulin Duan
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Zainab Rasheed
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Mingrui Chen
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Wuxia Tang
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Jing Yan
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Wen Qin
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China
| | - Suqing Li
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
| | - Yaowen Liu
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
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Du HF, Zhang YH, Li W, Zhu H, Pang S, Song DB, Liu Z, Pittman CU, Cao F. Antifungal Activity and Mechanism of Diaporthein B against Botryosphaeria dothidea in Prevention of Apple Ring Rot. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:20892-20904. [PMID: 39255954 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c06101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Apple ring rot, caused by the pathogenic fungus Botryosphaeria dothidea, has inflicted substantial economic losses and caused significant food safety concerns. In this study, a pimarane-type diterpenoid, diaporthein B (DTB), isolated from a marine-derived fungus, exhibited significant antifungal activity against B. dothidea, with an EC50 value of 8.8 μg/mL. Transcriptome, metabolome, and physiological assays revealed that DTB may target mitochondria and disrupt the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation processes. This interference led to increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species and subsequent lipid peroxidation, ultimately inhibiting fungal growth. Furthermore, DTB exhibited an inhibitory potency against apple ring rot at a concentration of 31.2 μg/mL, achieving rates ranging from 67.7 to 81.6% across four distinct apple cultivars. These results indicated that DTB could serve as a novel fungicide for controlling apple ring rot in apple cultivation, transportation, and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Fang Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Ya-Hui Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Wan Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Huajie Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Sen Pang
- Huanghe Science & Technology College, Zhengzhou 450005, China
| | - Da-Bin Song
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Zhongcheng Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Charles U Pittman
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Fei Cao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, State Key Laboratory of New Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
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3
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Xu J, Li J, Wang H, Liu X, Gao Z, Chen J, Han Y. Metabolic and Antioxidant Responses of Different Control Methods to the Interaction of Sorghum sudangrass hybrids- Colletotrichum boninense. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9505. [PMID: 39273450 PMCID: PMC11395580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25179505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Colletotrichum boninense is the main pathogenic fungus causing leaf spot disease in Sorghum sudangrass hybrids, which seriously impairs its quality and yield. In order to find an efficient and green means of control, this study used the agar disk diffusion method to screen for a fungicide with the strongest inhibitory effect on C. boninense from among several bacteria, fungi, and chemicals. Then, the changes in the plant's antioxidant system and metabolic levels after treatment were used to compare the three means of control. The lowest inhibitory concentration of Zalfexam was 10 mg/mL, at which point C. boninense did not grow, and the inhibition rates of Bacillus velezensis (X7) and Trichoderma harzianum were 33.87-51.85% and 77.86-80.56%, respectively. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and chitinase were up-regulated 2.43 and 1.24 folds in the Trichoderma harzianum group (M group) and SOD activity was up-regulated 2.2 folds in the Bacillus velezensis group (X7 group) compared to the control group (CK group). SOD, peroxidase (POD), and chitinase activities were elevated in the Zalfexam group (HX group). The differential metabolites in different treatment groups were mainly enriched in amino acid metabolism and production, flavonoid production, and lipid metabolism pathways. Compared with the diseased plants (ZB group), the M, X7, HX, and CK groups were co-enriched in the tryptophan metabolic pathway and glutamate-arginine metabolic pathway, and only the CK group showed a down-regulation of the metabolites in the two common pathways, while the metabolites of the common pathways were up-regulated in the M, X7, and HX groups. In addition, the salicylic acid-jasmonic acid pathway and ascorbic acid-glutathione, which were unique to the M group, played an important role in helping Sorghum sudangrass hybrids to acquire systemic resistance against stress. This study fills the gap in the control of Colletotrichum boninene, which causes leaf spot disease in Sorghum sudangrass hybrids. This paper represents the first reported case of biological control for leaf spot disease in Sorghum sudangrass hybrids and provides a reference for the control of leaf spot disease in Sorghum sudangrass hybrids as well as other crops infected with Colletotrichum boninense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Junying Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Hongji Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Xinhao Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Zhen Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Jie Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Yuzhu Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing 402460, China
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Jeong SK, Han SE, Vasantha-Srinivasan P, Jung WJ, Maung CEH, Kim KY. Agro Active Potential of Bacillus subtilis PE7 against Didymella bryoniae (Auersw.), the Causal Agent of Gummy Stem Blight of Cucumis melo. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1691. [PMID: 39203532 PMCID: PMC11357386 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial agents such as the Bacillus species are recognized for their role as biocontrol agents against various phytopathogens through the production of diverse bioactive compounds. This study evaluates the effectiveness of Bacillus subtilis PE7 in inhibiting the growth of Didymella bryoniae, the pathogen responsible for gummy stem blight (GSB) in cucurbits. Dual culture assays demonstrate significant antifungal activity of strain PE7 against D. bryoniae. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by strain PE7 effectively impede mycelial formation in D. bryoniae, resulting in a high inhibition rate. Light microscopy revealed that D. bryoniae hyphae exposed to VOCs exhibited abnormal morphology, including swelling and excessive branching. Supplementing a potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium with a 30% B. subtilis PE7 culture filtrate significantly decreased mycelial growth. Moreover, combining a 30% culture filtrate with half the recommended concentration of a chemical fungicide yielded a more potent antifungal effect than using the full fungicide concentration alone, inducing dense mycelial formation and irregular hyphal morphology in D. bryoniae. Strain PE7 was highly resilient and was able to survive in fungicide solutions. Additionally, B. subtilis PE7 enhanced the nutrient content, growth, and development of melon plants while mitigating the severity of GSB compared to fungicide and fertilizer treatments. These findings highlight B. subtilis PE7 as a promising biocontrol candidate for integrated disease management in crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Kyoung Jeong
- Department of Plant Protection and Quarantine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (S.K.J.); (W.J.J.)
| | - Seong Eun Han
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
| | - Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
| | - Woo Jin Jung
- Department of Plant Protection and Quarantine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (S.K.J.); (W.J.J.)
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chaw Ei Htwe Maung
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kil Yong Kim
- Department of Plant Protection and Quarantine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (S.K.J.); (W.J.J.)
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
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5
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Nan Y, Zhang M, Li Y, Bi Y. The G-protein alpha subunit AaGA1 positively regulates vegetative growth, appressorium-like formation, and pathogenicity in Alternaria alternata. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae198. [PMID: 39104199 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The Gα subunit is a major component of heterotrimeric G proteins, which play a crucial role in the development and pathogenicity of several model fungi. However, its detailed function in the causal agent of pear black spot (Alternaria alternata) is unclear. Our aim was to understand the characteristics and functions of AaGA1 in A. alternata. METHODS AND RESULTS AaGA1 was cloned from A. alternata in this study, which encodes 353 amino acids and has a "G-alpha" domain. Mutant ΔAaGA1 resulted in reduced vegetative growth, conidiation, and spore germination. Especially, mutant ΔAaGA1 produced only fewer conidia on the V8A medium, and spore formation-related genes AbaA, BrlA, and WetA were significantly downregulated. More tolerance against cell wall-inhibiting agents was observed after the deletion of AaGA1. Moreover, AaGA1 deletion led to a significant reduction in melanin and toxin production. Interestingly, deletion of AaGA1 resulted in defective appressorium-like formations, complete loss of the ability to penetrate cellophane, and decreased infection on non-wound inoculated tobacco leaves. Cell wall-degrading enzyme-related genes PME, CL, Cut2, and LC were significantly downregulated in mutant ΔAaGA1 mutant, significantly reducing virulence on wound-inoculated pear fruits. CONCLUSIONS The G protein alpha subunit AaGA1 is indispensable for fungal development, appressorium-like formations, and pathogenicity in A. alternata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanping Nan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yongcai Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yang Bi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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6
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Vijaykumar S, Rajeswari B, Kavya M, Chandrika KSVP, Prasad RD, Prasanna SL, Yadav SK. Programmable chitosan-based double layer seed coating for biotic and abiotic-stress tolerance in groundnut. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133586. [PMID: 38960242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
In the face of agricultural challenges posed by both abiotic and biotic stressors, phytopathogens emerge as formidable threats to crop productivity. Conventional methods, involving the use of pesticides and microbes, often lead to unintended consequences. In addressing this issue, ICAR -Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research (ICAR-IIOR) has developed a chitosan-based double-layer seed coating. Emphasizing crop input compatibility, entrapment, and characterization, the study has yielded promising results. The double-layer coating on groundnut seeds enhanced germination and seedling vigor. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the structural changes and entrapment of crop inputs. The persistence of T. harzianum (Th4d) and Bradyrhizobium sp. in chitosan blended film in studied soils revealed that viable propogules of Th4d were recorded in double layer treatment combination with 3.54 and 3.50 Log CFUs/g of soil (colony forming units) and Bradyrhizobium sp. with 5.34 and 5.27 Log CFUs/g of soil at 90 days after application (DAA). Root colonization efficacy studies of Th4d and Bradyrhizobium sp. in groundnut crop in studied soils revealed that, maximum viable colonies were observed at 45 days after sowing (DAS). This comprehensive study highlights the potential of chitosan-based double-layer seed coating providing a promising and sustainable strategy for stress management in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vijaykumar
- PJTSAU - College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500030, India
| | - B Rajeswari
- PJTSAU - College of Agriculture, Adilabad, Telangana 504001, India
| | - M Kavya
- ICAR - Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500030, India
| | - K S V Poorna Chandrika
- ICAR - Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500030, India.
| | - R D Prasad
- ICAR - Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500030, India.
| | - S Lakshmi Prasanna
- ICAR - Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana 500030, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Yadav
- Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, Library Avenue, New Delhi 110012, India
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Woo JM, Kim HS, Lee IK, Byeon EJ, Chang WJ, Lee YS. Potentiality of Beneficial Microbe Bacillus siamensis GP-P8 for the Suppression of Anthracnose Pathogens and Pepper Plant Growth Promotion. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 40:346-357. [PMID: 39117334 PMCID: PMC11309841 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.01.2024.0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
This study was carried out to screen the antifungal activity against Colletotrichum acutatum, Colletotrichum dematium, and Colletotrichum coccodes. Bacterial isolate GP-P8 from pepper soil was found to be effective against the tested pathogens with an average inhibition rate of 70.7% in in vitro dual culture assays. 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis result showed that the effective bacterial isolate as Bacillus siamensis. Biochemical characterization of GP-P8 was also performed. According to the results, protease and cellulose, siderophore production, phosphate solubilization, starch hydrolysis, and indole-3-acetic acid production were shown by the GP-P8. Using specific primers, genes involved in the production of antibiotics, such as iturin, fengycin, difficidin, bacilysin, bacillibactin, surfactin, macrolactin, and bacillaene were also detected in B. siamensis GP-P8. Identification and analysis of volatile organic compounds through solid phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME/GC-MS) revealed that acetoin and 2,3-butanediol were produced by isolate GP-P8. In vivo tests showed that GP-P8 significantly reduced the anthracnose disease caused by C. acutatum, and enhanced the growth of pepper plant. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis of pepper fruits revealed that GP-P8 treated pepper plants showed increased expression of immune genes such as CaPR1, CaPR4, CaNPR1, CaMAPK4, CaJA2, and CaERF53. These results strongly suggest that GP-P8 could be a promising biocontrol agent against pepper anthracnose disease and possibly a pepper plant growth-promoting agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Min Woo
- Division of Biological Resource Sciences, Department of Applied Plant Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Hyun Seung Kim
- Division of Biological Resources Sciences, Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - In Kyu Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Byeon
- Division of Biological Resource Sciences, Department of Applied Plant Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Won Jun Chang
- Division of Biological Resources Sciences, Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Youn Su Lee
- Division of Biological Resource Sciences, Department of Applied Plant Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
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Shi M, Savoi S, Sarah G, Soriano A, Weber A, Torregrosa L, Romieu C. Vitis rotundifolia Genes Introgressed with RUN1 and RPV1: Poor Recombination and Impact on V. vinifera Berry Transcriptome. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2095. [PMID: 39124212 PMCID: PMC11314213 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Thanks to several Vitis vinifera backcrosses with an initial V. vinifera L. × V. rotundifolia (previously Muscadinia rotundifolia) interspecific cross, the MrRUN1/MrRPV1 locus (resistance to downy and powdery mildews) was introgressed in genotypes phenotypically close to V. vinifera varieties. To check the consequences of introgressing parts of the V. rotundifolia genome on gene expression during fruit development, we conducted a comparative RNA-seq study on single berries from different V. vinifera cultivars and V. vinifera × V. rotundifolia hybrids, including 'G5' and two derivative microvine lines, 'MV102' (resistant) and 'MV32' (susceptible) segregating for the MrRUN1/RPV1 locus. RNA-Seq profiles were analyzed on a comprehensive set of single berries from the end of the herbaceous plateau to the ripe stage. Pair-end reads were aligned both on V. vinifera PN40024.V4 reference genome, V. rotundifolia cv 'Trayshed' and cv 'Carlos', and to the few resistance genes from the original V. rotundifolia cv '52' parent available at NCBI. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) led to classifying the differentially expressed genes into 15 modules either preferentially correlated with resistance or berry phenology and composition. Resistance positively correlated transcripts predominantly mapped on the 4-5 Mb distal region of V. rotundifolia chromosome 12 beginning with the MrRUN1/MrRPV1 locus, while the negatively correlated ones mapped on the orthologous V. vinifera region, showing this large extremity of LG12 remained recalcitrant to internal recombination during the successive backcrosses. Some constitutively expressed V. rotundifolia genes were also observed at lower densities outside this region. Genes overexpressed in developing berries from resistant accessions, either introgressed from V. rotundifolia or triggered by these in the vinifera genome, spanned various functional groups, encompassing calcium signal transduction, hormone signaling, transcription factors, plant-pathogen-associated interactions, disease resistance proteins, ROS and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. This transcriptomic insight provides a foundation for understanding the disease resistance inherent in these hybrid cultivars and suggests a constitutive expression of NIR NBS LRR triggering calcium signaling. Moreover, these results illustrate the magnitude of transcriptomic changes caused by the introgressed V. rotundifolia background in backcrossed hybrids, on a large number of functions largely exceeding the ones constitutively expressed in single resistant gene transformants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Shi
- UMR AGAP Institute, University Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institute Agro, 34090 Montpellier, France; (M.S.); (G.S.); (A.S.); (A.W.)
| | - Stefania Savoi
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy;
| | - Gautier Sarah
- UMR AGAP Institute, University Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institute Agro, 34090 Montpellier, France; (M.S.); (G.S.); (A.S.); (A.W.)
- UMT Geno-Vigne, IFV-INRAE-Institute Agro, 34060 Montpellier, France;
| | - Alexandre Soriano
- UMR AGAP Institute, University Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institute Agro, 34090 Montpellier, France; (M.S.); (G.S.); (A.S.); (A.W.)
| | - Audrey Weber
- UMR AGAP Institute, University Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institute Agro, 34090 Montpellier, France; (M.S.); (G.S.); (A.S.); (A.W.)
| | - Laurent Torregrosa
- UMT Geno-Vigne, IFV-INRAE-Institute Agro, 34060 Montpellier, France;
- LEPSE, University Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institute Agro, 34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Charles Romieu
- UMR AGAP Institute, University Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institute Agro, 34090 Montpellier, France; (M.S.); (G.S.); (A.S.); (A.W.)
- UMT Geno-Vigne, IFV-INRAE-Institute Agro, 34060 Montpellier, France;
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9
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Karim MJ, Goni MOF, Nahiduzzaman M, Ahsan M, Haider J, Kowalski M. Enhancing agriculture through real-time grape leaf disease classification via an edge device with a lightweight CNN architecture and Grad-CAM. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16022. [PMID: 38992069 PMCID: PMC11239930 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66989-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Crop diseases can significantly affect various aspects of crop cultivation, including crop yield, quality, production costs, and crop loss. The utilization of modern technologies such as image analysis via machine learning techniques enables early and precise detection of crop diseases, hence empowering farmers to effectively manage and avoid the occurrence of crop diseases. The proposed methodology involves the use of modified MobileNetV3Large model deployed on edge device for real-time monitoring of grape leaf disease while reducing computational memory demands and ensuring satisfactory classification performance. To enhance applicability of MobileNetV3Large, custom layers consisting of two dense layers were added, each followed by a dropout layer, helped mitigate overfitting and ensured that the model remains efficient. Comparisons among other models showed that the proposed model outperformed those with an average train and test accuracy of 99.66% and 99.42%, with a precision, recall, and F1 score of approximately 99.42%. The model was deployed on an edge device (Nvidia Jetson Nano) using a custom developed GUI app and predicted from both saved and real-time data with high confidence values. Grad-CAM visualization was used to identify and represent image areas that affect the convolutional neural network (CNN) classification decision-making process with high accuracy. This research contributes to the development of plant disease classification technologies for edge devices, which have the potential to enhance the ability of autonomous farming for farmers, agronomists, and researchers to monitor and mitigate plant diseases efficiently and effectively, with a positive impact on global food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jawadul Karim
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, Rajshahi, 6204, Bangladesh
| | - Md Omaer Faruq Goni
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, Rajshahi, 6204, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nahiduzzaman
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, Rajshahi, 6204, Bangladesh
| | - Mominul Ahsan
- Department of Computer Science, University of York, Deramore Lane, Heslington, York, YO10 5GH, UK
| | - Julfikar Haider
- Department of Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
| | - Marcin Kowalski
- Institute of Optoelectronics, Military University of Technology, Gen. S. Kaliskiego 2, 00-908, Warsaw, Poland.
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10
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Xie J, Li B, Li J, Zhang K, Ran L, Ge B. Effect of Combining Wuyiencin and Pyrimethanil on Controlling Grape Gray Mold and Delaying Resistance Development in Botrytis cinerea. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1383. [PMID: 39065151 PMCID: PMC11279109 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
By screening the compounding combination of Wuyiencin and chemical agents, this study aims to delay the emergence of chemical agent resistance, and provide a technical reference for scientific and rational fungicides technology. This study investigated the impacts of the antibiotic wuyiencin derived from Streptomyces albulus var. wuyiensis and its combination with pyrimethanil on the inhibition of Botrytis cinerea. Treatment with wuyiencin (≥80 µg mL-1) strongly inhibited the pathogenicity of B. cinerea and activated the plant defense response against B. cinerea. Application of 80-100 µg mL-1 wuyiencin effectively controlled grape gray mold (by 57.6-88.1% on leaves and 46.7-96.6% on fruits). Consequently, the application of 80-100 µg mL-1 wuyiencin effectively mitigated grape gray mold incidence, leading to a substantial reduction in disease symptoms to nearly imperceptible levels. When wuyiencin (at the median effective concentration [EC50]) was combined with pyrimethanil (EC50) at a ratio of 7:3, it exhibited the highest efficacy in inhibiting B. cinerea growth. This combination was significantly more potent (p < 0.05) than using wuyiencin or pyrimethanil alone in controlling gray mold on grape leaves and fruits. Furthermore, the combination effectively delayed resistance development in gray mold. The experimental results show that wuyiencin can delay resistance development by affecting the expression of methionine biosynthesis genes and reducing the activity of the cell wall-degrading enzyme activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (J.X.); (B.L.); (K.Z.)
| | - Boya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (J.X.); (B.L.); (K.Z.)
- College of Forestry Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China;
| | - Jia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China;
| | - Kecheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (J.X.); (B.L.); (K.Z.)
| | - Longxian Ran
- College of Forestry Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China;
| | - Beibei Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; (J.X.); (B.L.); (K.Z.)
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11
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Li Y, Luo Z, Zhou A, Liu W, Fan J, Miao J, Guo B, Tang L, Fan L. Design and synthesis of novel benzoxazole/chromene-phthalide scaffolds hybrids as potential natural products-based fungicide. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:2441-2446. [PMID: 36762769 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2177993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Phthalide, benzoxazole, and chromene are important heterocyclic skeletons with extensive biological activities. In order to develop novel potential antifungal agents, twenty-two benzoxazole/chromene-containing phthalide derivatives were prepared, and their fungicidal activity against nine common plants pathogenic fungi were evaluated in vitro. The EC50 values indicated that compound Z-4b displayed superior antifungal activity against P. oryzae (11.0 μg/mL), F. solani (8.5 μg/mL), P. capsici (27.8 μg/mL), V. mali (3.1 μg/mL) and A. brassicae (4.3 μg/mL) strains, which was more potent than the two commercialized fungicides hymexazol and chlorothalonil. In addition, the structure-activity relationship analysis demonstrated that the combination site of oxazolamide with phthalide has an important effect on antifungal activity. This research offers a potential compound for the development of novel agricultural fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongfu Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Akang Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Judi Fan
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Miao
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Guo
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Tang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Fan
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Chemical Drug R&D, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
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12
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Wesche J, Schnabel G. Influence of Propiconazole and Metconazole Formulations on Bacillus subtilis Vegetative Cell Growth and Disease Control of Fruit Crops. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:1515-1524. [PMID: 38489213 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-01-24-0029-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Biological control agent Bacillus subtilis formulated as Theia is registered for control of fungal and bacterial diseases of fruit crops. Combinations of Theia and strategic concentrations of two demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides were investigated to explore potential synergisms. Bacteria were cultured in nutrient broth and combined with technical grades and two formulations of propiconazole (emulsifiable concentrate [EC] and wettable powder) and metconazole (EC and water-dispersible granule) at 0, 10, 50, 100, and 150 µg/ml of active ingredient. After cocultivation, the optical density (OD600) and colony forming units (CFU/ml) were evaluated. In contrast to EC formulations, the wettable powder or water-dispersible granule formulations at 10 or 50 µg/ml of both DMIs did not affect vegetative cell growth. The mixture of Theia and each formulated DMI at 50 µg/ml of active ingredient resulted in a significant reduction of Monilinia fructicola lesion development on apple, Colletotrichum siamense lesion development on cherry, and Botrytis cinerea lesion development on cherry. The combination of Theia with EC formulations showed weaker disease reduction due to antagonism. Only Theia plus non-EC formulated propiconazole and metconazole significantly reduced brown rot disease incidence of apple compared with the respective solo treatments and anthracnose disease incidence of cherry compared with the untreated control. Our results indicated that at least some DMI fungicides possess bactericidal effects depending on the formulation and concentration. The combination of Theia with a lower-than-label-rate concentration (50 µg/ml) of the DMI fungicides propiconazole and metconazole showed potential for synergistic effects, especially when non-EC formulations were used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Wesche
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Clemson University, 105 Collings Street Clemson, SC 29634
| | - Guido Schnabel
- Department of Plant and Environmental Science, Clemson University, 105 Collings Street Clemson, SC 29634
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13
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Nazareth TDM, Soriano Pérez E, Luz C, Meca G, Quiles JM. Comprehensive Review of Aflatoxin and Ochratoxin A Dynamics: Emergence, Toxicological Impact, and Advanced Control Strategies. Foods 2024; 13:1920. [PMID: 38928866 PMCID: PMC11203094 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Filamentous fungi exhibit remarkable adaptability to diverse substrates and can synthesize a plethora of secondary metabolites. These metabolites, produced in response to environmental stimuli, not only confer selective advantages but also encompass potentially deleterious mycotoxins. Mycotoxins, exemplified by those originating from Alternaria, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium species, represent challenging hazards to both human and animal health, thus warranting stringent regulatory control. Despite regulatory frameworks, mycotoxin contamination remains a pressing global challenge, particularly within cereal-based matrices and their derived by-products, integral components of animal diets. Strategies aimed at mitigating mycotoxin contamination encompass multifaceted approaches, including biological control modalities, detoxification procedures, and innovative interventions like essential oils. However, hurdles persist, underscoring the imperative for innovative interventions. This review elucidated the prevalence, health ramifications, regulatory paradigms, and evolving preventive strategies about two prominent mycotoxins, aflatoxins and ochratoxin A. Furthermore, it explored the emergence of new fungal species, and biocontrol methods using lactic acid bacteria and essential mustard oil, emphasizing their efficacy in mitigating fungal spoilage and mycotoxin production. Through an integrative examination of these facets, this review endeavored to furnish a comprehensive understanding of the multifaceted challenges posed by mycotoxin contamination and the emergent strategies poised to ameliorate its impact on food and feed safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago de Melo Nazareth
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (E.S.P.); (C.L.); (G.M.); (J.M.Q.)
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14
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Bhat MP, Kumar RS, Chakraborty B, Nagaraja SK, Gireesh Babu K, Nayaka S. Eicosane: An antifungal compound derived from Streptomyces sp. KF15 exhibits inhibitory potential against major phytopathogenic fungi of crops. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 251:118666. [PMID: 38462087 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
In the present scenario, food security is of major concern due to exponentially increasing population and depleted crop production. The fungal diseases have contributed majorly to the scarcity of staple food products and economic loss worldwide. This problem could be tackled by preventing the crop loss during both pre and post-harvest seasons. During the current investigation, the bioactive compound eicosane was extracted from Streptomyces sp. KF15, subjected to purification and identified based on mass spectrometry and NMR analysis. The evaluation of in-vitro antifungal activity was done by poisoned food method, SEM analysis and growth pattern analysis. The bioactive compound eicosane with molecular weight of 282.5475 g/mol was purified by column chromatography and the straight chain hydrocarbon structure of CH3CH2(18)CH3 was elucidated by NMR analysis. In poisoned food assay, eicosane effectively inhibited the radial growth of all tested fungal pathogens; F. oxysporum was found to be the most sensitive with 24.2%, 33.3%, 42.4%, and 63.6% inhibition at 25-100 μg/ml concentrations. The SEM micrograph established clear differences in the morphology of eicosane treated fungi with damaged hyphae, flaccid mycelium and collapsed spores as compared to the tubular, turgid and entire fungi in control sample. Finally, the growth curve assay depicted the right side shift in the pattern of eicosane treated fungi indicating the delay in adapting to the conditions of growth and multiplication. The findings of this study encourage further research and development towards the novel antifungal drugs that can act against major phytopathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raju Suresh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Bidhayak Chakraborty
- P.G. Department of Studies in Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580001, Karnataka, India.
| | | | - K Gireesh Babu
- Department of Life Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, 391760, Gujarat, India.
| | - Sreenivasa Nayaka
- P.G. Department of Studies in Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580001, Karnataka, India.
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15
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Sahgal M, Saini N, Jaggi V, Brindhaa NT, Kabdwal M, Singh RP, Prakash A. Antagonistic potential and biological control mechanisms of Pseudomonas strains against banded leaf and sheath blight disease of maize. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13580. [PMID: 38866928 PMCID: PMC11169287 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64028-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani, the causal agent of banded leaf and sheath blight (BL&SB), poses a significant threat to maize and various crops globally. The increasing concerns surrounding the environmental and health impacts of chemical fungicides have encouraged intensified concern in the development of biological control agents (BCAs) as eco-friendly alternatives. In this study, we explored the potential of 22 rhizobacteria strains (AS1-AS22) isolates, recovered from the grasslands of the Pithoragarh region in the Central Himalayas, as effective BCAs against BL&SB disease. Among these strains, two Pseudomonas isolates, AS19 and AS21, exhibited pronounced inhibition of fungal mycelium growth in vitro, with respective inhibition rates of 57.04% and 54.15% in cell cultures and 66.56% and 65.60% in cell-free culture filtrates. Additionally, both strains demonstrated effective suppression of sclerotium growth. The strains AS19 and AS21 were identified as Pseudomonas sp. by 16S rDNA phylogeny and deposited under accession numbers NAIMCC-B-02303 and NAIMCC-B-02304, respectively. Further investigations revealed the mechanisms of action of AS19 and AS21, demonstrating their ability to induce systemic resistance (ISR) and exhibit broad-spectrum antifungal activity against Alternaria triticina, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Rhizoctonia maydis, and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis. Pot trials demonstrated significant reductions in BL&SB disease incidence (DI) following foliar applications of AS19 and AS21, with reductions ranging from 25 to 38.33% compared to control treatments. Scanning electron microscopy revealed substantial degradation of fungal mycelium by the strains, accompanied by the production of hydrolytic enzymes. These findings suggest the potential of Pseudomonas strains AS19 and AS21 as promising BCAs against BL&SB and other fungal pathogens. However, further field trials are warranted to validate their efficacy under natural conditions and elucidate the specific bacterial metabolites responsible for inducing systemic resistance. This study contributes to the advancement of sustainable disease management strategies and emphasizes the potential of Pseudomonas strains AS19 and AS21 in combating BL&SB and other fungal diseases affecting agricultural crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manvika Sahgal
- Department of Microbiology, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India.
| | - Neha Saini
- Department of Microbiology, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - Vandana Jaggi
- Department of Microbiology, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - N T Brindhaa
- Department of Microbiology, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - Manisha Kabdwal
- Department of Microbiology, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - Rajesh Pratap Singh
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Udam Singh Nagar, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India
| | - Anil Prakash
- Department of Microbiology, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, 26, India
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16
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Xiong Z, Xia T, Wu W, Wang R, Qi M, Zhang S, Li J, Yang Y, Zheng D, Lin S, Guo Z. Critical Secondary Metabolites Confer the Broad-Spectrum Pathogenic Fungi Resistance Property of a Marine-Originating Streptomyces sp. HNBCa1. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:13164-13174. [PMID: 38819965 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Obtaining a microorganism strain with a broad-spectrum resistance property and highly efficient antifungal activity is important to the biocontrol strategy. Herein, a marine Streptomyces sp. HNBCa1 demonstrated a broad-spectrum resistance to 17 tested crop pathogenic fungi and exhibited a high biocontrol efficiency against mango anthracnose and banana fusarium wilt. To uncover the critical bioactive secondary metabolites basis, genome assembly and annotation, metabolomic analysis, and a semipreparative HPLC-based activity-guide method were employed. Finally, geldanamycin and ectoine involved in codifferential secondary metabolites were also found to be related to biosynthetic gene clusters in the genome of HNBCa1. Reblastatin and geldanamycin were uncovered in response to broad-spectrum resistance to the 17 crop pathogenic fungi. Our results suggested that reblastatin and geldanamycin were critical to maintaining the broad-spectrum resistance property and highly efficient antifungal activity of HNBCa1, which could be further developed as a biological control agent to control crop fungal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Xiong
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Microbe Resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
| | - Tengfei Xia
- Institute of Tropical Horticulture Research, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China
| | - Weicheng Wu
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Microbe Resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Maricultural Technologies, Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571126, China
| | - Min Qi
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Microbe Resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
| | - Shiqing Zhang
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Microbe Resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
| | - Jitao Li
- College of Forestry and Horticulture, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
| | - Daojun Zheng
- Institute of Tropical Horticulture Research, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China
| | - Shuangjun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhikai Guo
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Microbe Resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
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17
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Nizamani MM, Hughes AC, Zhang HL, Wang Y. Revolutionizing agriculture with nanotechnology: Innovative approaches in fungal disease management and plant health monitoring. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 928:172473. [PMID: 38615773 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has emerged as a transformative force in modern agriculture, offering innovative solutions to address challenges related to fungal plant diseases and overall agricultural productivity. Specifically, the antifungal activities of metal, metal oxide, bio-nanoparticles, and polymer nanoparticles were examined, highlighting their unique mechanisms of action against fungal pathogens. Nanoparticles can be used as carriers for fungicides, offering advantages in controlled release, targeted delivery, and reduced environmental toxicity. Nano-pesticides and nano-fertilizers can enhance nutrient uptake, plant health, and disease resistance were explored. The development of nanosensors, especially those utilizing quantum dots and plasmonic nanoparticles, promises early and accurate detection of fungal pathogens, a crucial step in timely disease management. However, concerns about their potential toxic effects on non-target organisms, environmental impacts, and regulatory hurdles underscore the importance of rigorous research and impact assessments. The review concludes by emphasizing the significant prospects of nanotechnology in reshaping the future of agriculture but advocates for a balanced approach that prioritizes safety, sustainability, and environmental stewardship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir Muhammad Nizamani
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Alice C Hughes
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Hai-Li Zhang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
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18
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Akila AH, Ali MAS, Khairy AM, Elnahal ASM, Alfassam HE, Rudayni HA, Jaber FA, Tohamy MRA. Biological Control of Tomato Bacterial Leaf Spots and Its Impact on Some Antioxidant Enzymes, Phenolic Compounds, and Pigment Content. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:369. [PMID: 38927249 PMCID: PMC11201276 DOI: 10.3390/biology13060369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Tomato bacterial spots, caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv1) and X. euvesicatoria (Xe2), as well as bacterial specks, caused by two strains of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst1 and Pst2), represent significant threats to tomato production in the El-Sharkia governorate, often resulting in substantial yield losses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of various biocontrol culture filtrates, including bacteria and fungi agents, in managing the occurrence and severity of these diseases, while also monitoring physiological changes in tomato leaves, including antioxidant enzymes, phenolics, and pigment content. The culture filtrates from examined Trichoderma species (T. viride, T. harzianum, and T. album), as well as the tested bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Serratia marcescens) at concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 100%, significantly inhibited the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria In vitro. For the In vivo experiments, we used specific doses of 5 mL of spore suspension per plant for the fungal bioagents at a concentration of 2.5 × 107 spores/mL. The bacterial bioagents were applied as a 10 mL suspension per plant at a concentration of 1 × 108 CFU/mL. Spraying the culture filtrates of the tested bioagents two days before infection In vivo significantly reduced disease incidence and severity. Trichoderma viride exhibited the highest efficacy among the fungal bioagents, followed by T. harzianum and T. album. Meanwhile, the culture filtrate of B. subtilis emerged as the most potent among the bacterial bioagents, followed by P. fluorescens. Furthermore, applying these culture filtrates resulted in elevated levels of chitinase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase activity. This effect extended to increased phenol contents, as well as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids in sprayed tomato plants compared to the control treatment. Overall, these findings underscore the potential of these biocontrol strategies to effectively mitigate disease incidence and severity while enhancing plant defense mechanisms and physiological parameters, thus offering promising avenues for sustainable disease management in tomato production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa H. Akila
- Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt (M.A.S.A.)
| | - Mohamed A. S. Ali
- Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt (M.A.S.A.)
| | - Ahmed M. Khairy
- Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt (M.A.S.A.)
| | - Ahmed S. M. Elnahal
- Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt (M.A.S.A.)
| | - Haifa E. Alfassam
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A. Rudayni
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fatima A. Jaber
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed R. A. Tohamy
- Plant Pathology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt (M.A.S.A.)
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19
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Song T, Gupta S, Sorokin Y, Frenkel O, Cytryn E, Friedman J. A Burkholderia cenocepacia-like environmental isolate strongly inhibits the plant fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0222223. [PMID: 38624199 PMCID: PMC11107150 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02222-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungal phytopathogens cause significant reductions in agricultural yields annually, and overusing chemical fungicides for their control leads to environmental pollution and the emergence of resistant pathogens. Exploring natural isolates with strong antagonistic effects against pathogens can improve our understanding of their ecology and develop new treatments for the future. We isolated and characterized a novel bacterial strain associated with the species Burkholderia cenocepacia, termed APO9, which strongly inhibits Zymoseptoria tritici, a commercially important pathogenic fungus causing Septoria tritici blotch in wheat. Additionally, this strain exhibits inhibitory activity against four other phytopathogens. We found that physical contact plays a crucial role for APO9's antagonistic capacity. Genome sequencing of APO9 and biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) analysis identified nine classes of BGCs and three types of secretion systems (types II, III, and IV), which may be involved in the inhibition of Z. tritici and other pathogens. To identify genes driving APO9's inhibitory activity, we screened a library containing 1,602 transposon mutants and identified five genes whose inactivation reduced inhibition efficiency. One such gene encodes for a diaminopimelate decarboxylase located in a terpenoid biosynthesis gene cluster. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that while some of these genes are also found across the Burkholderia genus, as well as in other Betaproteobacteria, the combination of these genes is unique to the Burkholderia cepacia complex. These findings suggest that the inhibitory capacity of APO9 is complex and not limited to a single mechanism, and may play a role in the interaction between various Burkholderia species and various phytopathogens within diverse plant ecosystems. IMPORTANCE The detrimental effects of fungal pathogens on crop yields are substantial. The overuse of chemical fungicides contributes not only to environmental pollution but also to the emergence of resistant pathogens. Investigating natural isolates with strong antagonistic effects against pathogens can improve our understanding of their ecology and develop new treatments for the future. We discovered and examined a unique bacterial strain that demonstrates significant inhibitory activity against several phytopathogens. Our research demonstrates that this strain has a wide spectrum of inhibitory actions against plant pathogens, functioning through a complex mechanism. This plays a vital role in the interactions between plant microbiota and phytopathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Song
- The Institute of Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Suyash Gupta
- The Institute of Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon Lezion, Israel
- Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Yael Sorokin
- The Institute of Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Omer Frenkel
- Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Eddie Cytryn
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Jonathan Friedman
- The Institute of Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Shan Y, Wang D, Zhao FH, Song J, Zhu H, Li Y, Zhang XJ, Dai XF, Han D, Chen JY. Insights into the biocontrol and plant growth promotion functions of Bacillus altitudinis strain KRS010 against Verticillium dahliae. BMC Biol 2024; 22:116. [PMID: 38764012 PMCID: PMC11103837 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01913-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Verticillium wilt, caused by the fungus Verticillium dahliae, is a soil-borne vascular fungal disease, which has caused great losses to cotton yield and quality worldwide. The strain KRS010 was isolated from the seed of Verticillium wilt-resistant Gossypium hirsutum cultivar "Zhongzhimian No. 2." RESULTS The strain KRS010 has a broad-spectrum antifungal activity to various pathogenic fungi as Verticillium dahliae, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium spp., Colletotrichum spp., and Magnaporthe oryzae, of which the inhibition rate of V. dahliae mycelial growth was 73.97% and 84.39% respectively through confrontation test and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) treatments. The strain was identified as Bacillus altitudinis by phylogenetic analysis based on complete genome sequences, and the strain physio-biochemical characteristics were detected, including growth-promoting ability and active enzymes. Moreover, the control efficiency of KRS010 against Verticillium wilt of cotton was 93.59%. After treatment with KRS010 culture, the biomass of V. dahliae was reduced. The biomass of V. dahliae in the control group (Vd991 alone) was 30.76-folds higher than that in the treatment group (KRS010+Vd991). From a molecular biological aspect, KRS010 could trigger plant immunity by inducing systemic resistance (ISR) activated by salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathways. Its extracellular metabolites and VOCs inhibited the melanin biosynthesis of V. dahliae. In addition, KRS010 had been characterized as the ability to promote plant growth. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that B. altitudinis KRS010 is a beneficial microbe with a potential for controlling Verticillium wilt of cotton, as well as promoting plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Shan
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Mudanjiang Normal University, Mudanjiang, 157012, China
| | - Dan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Fu-Hua Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Mudanjiang Normal University, Mudanjiang, 157012, China
| | - Jian Song
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - He Zhu
- The Cotton Research Center of Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Cotton Industry Technology System Liaohe Comprehensive Experimental Station, Liaoning Provincial Institute of Economic Crops, Liaoyang, 111000, China
| | - Yue Li
- The Cotton Research Center of Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Cotton Industry Technology System Liaohe Comprehensive Experimental Station, Liaoning Provincial Institute of Economic Crops, Liaoyang, 111000, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Mudanjiang Normal University, Mudanjiang, 157012, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Dai
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
- Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, 831100, China
| | - Dongfei Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Arid and Semi-arid Arable Land in Northern China, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Jie-Yin Chen
- The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
- Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji, 831100, China.
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Noh JS, Hwang SH, Maung CEH, Cho JY, Kim KY. Enhanced control efficacy of Bacillus subtilis NM4 via integration of chlorothalonil on potato early blight caused by Alternaria solani. Microb Pathog 2024; 190:106604. [PMID: 38490458 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Early blight caused by Alternaria solani is a common foliar disease of potato around the world, and serious infections result in reduced yields and marketability due to infected tubers. The major aim of this study is to figure out the synergistic effect between microorganism and fungicides and to evaluate the effectiveness of Bacillus subtilis NM4 in the control of early blight in potato. Based on its colonial morphology and a 16S rRNA analysis, a bacterial antagonist isolated from kimchi was identified as B. subtilis NM4 and it has strong antifungal and anti-oomycete activity against several phytopathogenic fungi and oomycetes. The culture filtrate of strain NM4 with the fungicide effectively suppressed the mycelial growth of A. solani, with the highest growth inhibition rate of 83.48%. Although exposure to culture filtrate prompted hyphal alterations in A. solani, including bulging, combining it with the fungicide caused more severe hyphal damage with continuous bulging. Surfactins and fengycins, two lipopeptide groups, were isolated and identified as the main compounds in two fractions using LC-ESI-MS. Although the surfactin-containing fraction failed to inhibit growth, the fengycin-containing fraction, alone and in combination with chlorothalonil, restricted mycelial development, producing severe hyphal deformations with formation of chlamydospores. A pot experiment combining strain NM4, applied as a broth culture, with fungicide, at half the recommended concentration, resulted in a significant reduction in potato early blight severity. Our results indicate the feasibility of an integrated approach for the management of early blight in potato that can reduce fungicide application rates, promoting a healthy ecosystem in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Su Noh
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Hyun Hwang
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaw Ei Htwe Maung
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Yong Cho
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kil Yong Kim
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, Environmentally-Friendly Agricultural Research Center, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
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Walaszczyk A, Jasińska A, Bernat P, Różalska S, Sas-Paszt L, Lisek A, Paraszkiewicz K. The Combined Effects of Azoxystrobin and the Biosurfactant-Producing Bacillus sp. Kol B3 against the Phytopathogenic Fungus Fusarium sambucinum IM 6525. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4175. [PMID: 38673760 PMCID: PMC11049953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate how the combined presence of the synthetic fungicide azoxystrobin (AZ) and the biosurfactant-producing Bacillus sp. Kol B3 influences the growth of the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium sambucinum IM 6525. The results showed a noticeable increase in antifungal effectiveness when biotic and abiotic agents were combined. This effect manifested across diverse parameters, including fungal growth inhibition, changes in hyphae morphology, fungal membrane permeability and levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). In response to the presence of Fusarium and AZ in the culture, the bacteria changed the proportions of biosurfactants (surfactin and iturin) produced. The presence of both AZ and/or Fusarium resulted in an increase in iturin biosynthesis. Only in 72 h old bacterial-fungal co-culture a 20% removal of AZ was noted. In the fungal cultures (with and without the addition of the bacteria), the presence of an AZ metabolite named azoxystrobin free acid was detected in the 48th and 72nd hours of the process. The possible involvement of increased iturin and ROS content in antifungal activity of Bacillus sp. and AZ when used together are also discussed. Biosurfactants were analyzed by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Microscopy techniques and biochemical assays were also used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Walaszczyk
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Anna Jasińska
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland; (A.J.); (P.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Przemysław Bernat
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland; (A.J.); (P.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Sylwia Różalska
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland; (A.J.); (P.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Lidia Sas-Paszt
- Department of Microbiology and Rhizosphere, The National Institute of Horticultural Research, 96-100 Skierniewice, Poland; (L.S.-P.); (A.L.)
| | - Anna Lisek
- Department of Microbiology and Rhizosphere, The National Institute of Horticultural Research, 96-100 Skierniewice, Poland; (L.S.-P.); (A.L.)
| | - Katarzyna Paraszkiewicz
- Department of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland; (A.J.); (P.B.); (S.R.)
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Romero-Cuadrado L, Picos MC, Camacho M, Ollero FJ, Capote N. Biocontrol of almond canker diseases caused by Botryosphaeriaceae fungi. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:1839-1848. [PMID: 38050948 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Botryosphaeria dieback is a canker disease caused by fungal species of the Botryosphaeriaceae family that threatens almond productivity. The most common control measure to prevent canker development is the application of fungicides which are being phased out by European Union regulations. In the present study, two sets of bacterial strains were evaluated for their antifungal activity against pathogenic Botryosphaeriaceae species through in vitro and in vivo antagonism assays. RESULTS The rhizospheric bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa AC17 and Bacillus velezensis ACH16, as well as the endophytic bacteria Bacillus mobilis Sol 1-2, respectively inhibited 87, 95, and 63% of the mycelial growth of Neofusicoccum parvum, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Diplodia seriata, and Macrophomina phaseolina. Additionally, they significantly reduced the length of lesions caused by N. parvum and B. dothidea in artificially inoculated detached almond twigs. All these bacterial strains produce hydrolytic enzymes that are able to degrade the fungal cell wall. P. aeruginosa AC17 also produces toxic volatile compounds, such as hydrogen cyanide. This strain was the most effective in controlling Botryosphaeria dieback in planta under controlled conditions at a level similar to the biocontrol agent Trichoderma atroviride and standard chemical fungicide treatments. CONCLUSION Pseudomonas aeruginosa AC17 is the best candidate to be considered as a potential biocontrol agent against Botryosphaeriaceae fungi affecting almond. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Romero-Cuadrado
- Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Center Las Torres, Seville, Spain
| | - María Cinta Picos
- Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Center Las Torres, Seville, Spain
| | - María Camacho
- Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Center Las Torres, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Nieves Capote
- Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Center Las Torres, Seville, Spain
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24
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Antón-Domínguez BI, López-Moral A, Romero-Salguero FJ, Trapero A, Trapero C, Agustí-Brisach C. Bioprotection of Olive Trees Against Verticillium Wilt by Pomegranate and Carob Extracts. PLANT DISEASE 2024; 108:1073-1082. [PMID: 37933148 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-23-1770-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Bioprotection through the use of plant extracts is an environmentally friendly strategy in crop protection. Effective control of Verticillium wilt of olive (Olea europaea; VWO), caused by Verticillium dahliae, has proven challenging because of the ineffectiveness of chemicals, which makes it necessary to search for new control tools. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pomegranate (Punica granatum) and carob (Ceratonia siliqua) extracts on VWO. Extracts derived from pomegranate peels and carob pods and leaves were obtained using ethanol, methanol, or ethyl acetate as a solvent. A targeted analysis of their metabolite composition was performed using QTRAP ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. Remarkably, gallic acid was detected in all extracts at a high concentration. The effect of the extracts on the mycelial growth and on the germination of conidia and microsclerotia of V. dahliae was evaluated by in vitro sensitivity tests at various doses: 0 (control), 3, 30, 300, and 3,000 mg of extract/liter. Extracts obtained with ethanol or methanol significantly reduced the viability of V. dahliae structures when applied at the highest dose, while those obtained with ethyl acetate were ineffective across all doses. The most effective extracts, as determined in vitro, were then evaluated against the disease in olive plants. Potted plants of the cultivar Picual were treated by spraying (foliar application) or irrigation (root application) of extracts at 3,000 mg/liter, followed by inoculation with V. dahliae. The results indicated that foliar applications were ineffective, while root treatments with pomegranate peel or carob leaf extracts were more effective in reducing disease severity, regardless of the solvent, compared with that of the untreated control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begoña I Antón-Domínguez
- Departamento de Agronomía (Unit of Excellence 'María de Maeztu' 2020-2024), ETSIAM, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Celestino Mutis, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ana López-Moral
- Departamento de Agronomía (Unit of Excellence 'María de Maeztu' 2020-2024), ETSIAM, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Celestino Mutis, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Francisco J Romero-Salguero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Trapero
- Departamento de Agronomía (Unit of Excellence 'María de Maeztu' 2020-2024), ETSIAM, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Celestino Mutis, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Carlos Trapero
- Departamento de Agronomía (Unit of Excellence 'María de Maeztu' 2020-2024), ETSIAM, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Celestino Mutis, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Carlos Agustí-Brisach
- Departamento de Agronomía (Unit of Excellence 'María de Maeztu' 2020-2024), ETSIAM, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Celestino Mutis, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
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25
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Degani O, Chen A, Dimant E, Gordani A, Malul T, Rabinovitz O. Integrated Management of the Cotton Charcoal Rot Disease Using Biological Agents and Chemical Pesticides. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:250. [PMID: 38667921 PMCID: PMC11050767 DOI: 10.3390/jof10040250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Charcoal rot disease (CRD), caused by the phytopathogenic fungus Macrophomina phaseolina, is a significant threat to cotton production in Israel and worldwide. The pathogen secretes toxins and degrading enzymes that disrupt the water and nutrient uptake, leading to death at the late stages of growth. While many control strategies were tested over the years to reduce CRD impact, reaching that goal remains a significant challenge. The current study aimed to establish, improve, and deepen our understanding of a new approach combining biological agents and chemical pesticides. Such intervention relies on reducing fungicides while providing stability and a head start to eco-friendly bio-protective Trichoderma species. The research design included sprouts in a growth room and commercial field plants receiving the same treatments. Under a controlled environment, comparing the bio-based coating treatments with their corresponding chemical coating partners resulted in similar outcomes in most measures. At 52 days, these practices gained up to 38% and 45% higher root and shoot weight and up to 78% decreased pathogen root infection (tracked by Real-Time PCR), compared to non-infected control plants. Yet, in the shoot weight assessment (day 29 post-sowing), the treatment with only biological seed coating outperformed (p < 0.05) all other biological-based treatments and all Azoxystrobin-based irrigation treatments. In contrast, adverse effects are observed in the chemical seed coating group, particularly in above ground plant parts, which are attributable to the addition of Azoxystrobin irrigation. In the field, the biological treatments had the same impact as the chemical intervention, increasing the cotton plants' yield (up to 17%), improving the health (up to 27%) and reducing M. phaseolina DNA in the roots (up to 37%). When considering all treatments within each approach, a significant benefit to plant health was observed with the bio-chemo integrated management compared to using only chemical interventions. Specific integrated treatments have shown potential in reducing CRD symptoms, such as applying bio-coating and sprinkling Azoxystrobin during sowing. Aerial remote sensing based on high-resolution visible-channel (RGB), green-red vegetation index (GRVI), and thermal imaging supported the above findings and proved its value for studying CRD control management. This research validates the combined biological and chemical intervention potential to shield cotton crops from CRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofir Degani
- Plant Sciences Department, MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute, Tarshish 2, Kiryat Shmona 1101600, Israel; (E.D.); (A.G.); (T.M.); (O.R.)
- Faculty of Sciences, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee, Tel Hai 1220800, Israel;
| | - Assaf Chen
- Faculty of Sciences, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee, Tel Hai 1220800, Israel;
- Soil, Water and Environment Department, MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute, Tarshish 2, Kiryat Shmona 1101600, Israel
| | - Elhanan Dimant
- Plant Sciences Department, MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute, Tarshish 2, Kiryat Shmona 1101600, Israel; (E.D.); (A.G.); (T.M.); (O.R.)
| | - Asaf Gordani
- Plant Sciences Department, MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute, Tarshish 2, Kiryat Shmona 1101600, Israel; (E.D.); (A.G.); (T.M.); (O.R.)
- Faculty of Sciences, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee, Tel Hai 1220800, Israel;
| | - Tamir Malul
- Plant Sciences Department, MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute, Tarshish 2, Kiryat Shmona 1101600, Israel; (E.D.); (A.G.); (T.M.); (O.R.)
- Faculty of Sciences, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee, Tel Hai 1220800, Israel;
| | - Onn Rabinovitz
- Plant Sciences Department, MIGAL—Galilee Research Institute, Tarshish 2, Kiryat Shmona 1101600, Israel; (E.D.); (A.G.); (T.M.); (O.R.)
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Hajikhani M, Kousheh S, Zhang Y, Lin M. Design of a novel SERS substrate by electrospinning for the detection of thiabendazole in soy-based foods. Food Chem 2024; 436:137703. [PMID: 37857202 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to detect and quantify thiabendazole in soy products by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) coupled with electrospun substrates. Enhanced Raman signals were acquired from uniform electrospun substrates, which were analyzed by focusing on the CN stretching modes at 1592 cm-1 for soy sauce and 1580 cm-1 for soy milk. The results revealed a linear relationship between the signal intensity and analyte concentrations with high R2 values (99.42 % for soy sauce and 99.75 % for soy milk). The limits of quantification (LOQ) were determined to be 69.9 ppb for soy milk and 240.59 ppb for soy sauce samples. The limits of detection (LOD) were found to be 23.1 ppb for soy milk and 79.4 ppb for soy sauce. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the electrospinning-SERS approach for detecting thiabendazole in soy-based food samples, contributing to the understanding of pesticide contamination and ensuring the quality and safety of food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Hajikhani
- Food Science Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | | | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Mengshi Lin
- Food Science Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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Risoli S, Cotrozzi L, Pisuttu C, Nali C. Biocontrol Agents of Fusarium Head Blight in Wheat: A Meta-Analytic Approach to Elucidate Their Strengths and Weaknesses. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:521-537. [PMID: 37831969 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-08-23-0292-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The use of biocontrol agents (BCAs) coping with fungal pathogens causing Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a compelling strategy for disease management, but a better elucidation of their effectiveness is crucial. Meta-analysis is the analysis of the results of multiple studies, which is typically performed to synthesize evidence from many possible sources in a formal probabilistic manner. This meta-analytic study, including 30 pathometric, biometric, physiochemical, genetic, and mycotoxin response variables reported in 56 studies, evidences the BCA effects on FHB in wheat. The effectiveness of BCAs of FHB in wheat in terms of pathogen abundance and disease reductions, biomass and yield conservation, and mycotoxin prevention/control was confirmed. BCAs showed higher efficacy (i) in studies published more recently; (ii) under controlled conditions; (iii) in high susceptible wheat cultivars; (iv) when Fusarium inoculation and BCA treatment did not occur directly on the plant (i.e., at the seed and kernel levels) in terms of disease development and mycotoxin control, and vice versa in terms of biomass conservation; (v) if Fusarium inoculation and BCA treatment occurred by spraying spikes in terms of yield; (vi) at 15 to 21 days post Fusarium inoculation or BCA treatment; and (vii) if they were filamentous fungi. However, BCAs overall were less efficacious than conventional agrochemicals, especially in terms of pathogen abundance and FHB reductions, as well as of mycotoxin prevention/control, although inconsistencies were reported among the investigated moderator variables. This study also highlights the complexity of reaching a good balance among BCA effects, and the need for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Risoli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Italy
- University School for Advanced Studies IUSS Pavia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cotrozzi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Pisuttu
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Nali
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Italy
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Fenta L, Mekonnen H. Microbial Biofungicides as a Substitute for Chemical Fungicides in the Control of Phytopathogens: Current Perspectives and Research Directions. SCIENTIFICA 2024; 2024:5322696. [PMID: 38449800 PMCID: PMC10917481 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5322696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
These days, two important issues are causing concern in the global community: the alarmingly growing trend of the human population and the issue of food security. To this end, people around the world have been searching for solutions that could feed the needy in a sustainable way. In response to this urgent call, scientists from around the world started working on increasing crop production and productivity by controlling crop pathogens that could harm the productivity of crops. Synthetic fungicides have been in use for controlling crop diseases for several decades, but later, due to the evidenced side effects of the fungicides, there have been attempts to shift towards a less cost-effective and eco-friendly method of controlling crop diseases, and so far, many remarkable results have been achieved. However, due to the less effective and shorter shelf life of microbial biofungicides, as well as the less accessibility of these microbial biofungicides to growers around the world, it became difficult to remove the fungicides totally from the market. To minimize this problem, researchers suggested an integrated approach: the combination of microbial biofungicides with a reduced dose of synthetic fungicides. Hence, this review explored the status as well as the merits and demerits of microbial biofungicides as compared to synthetic fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamenew Fenta
- Department of Biology, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Habtamu Mekonnen
- Department of Biology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
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Parada J, Tortella G, Seabra AB, Fincheira P, Rubilar O. Potential Antifungal Effect of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Combined with Fungicides against Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:215. [PMID: 38534650 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13030215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (NCuO) have emerged as an alternative to pesticides due to their antifungal effect against various phytopathogens. Combining them with fungicides represents an advantageous strategy for reducing the necessary amount of both agents to inhibit fungal growth, simultaneously reducing their environmental release. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of NCuO combined with three fungicide models separately: Iprodione (IPR), Tebuconazole (TEB), and Pyrimethanil (PYR) against two phytopathogenic fungi: Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium oxysporum. The fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) was calculated as a synergism indicator (FIC ≤ 0.5). The NCuO interacted synergistically with TEB against both fungi and with IPR only against B. cinerea. The interaction with PYR was additive against both fungi (FIC > 0.5). The B. cinerea biomass was inhibited by 80.9% and 93% using 20 mg L-1 NCuO + 1.56 mg L-1 TEB, and 40 mg L-1 NCuO + 12 µg L-1 IPR, respectively, without significant differences compared to the inhibition provoked by 160 mg L-1 NCuO. Additionally, the protein leakage and nucleic acid release were also evaluated as mechanisms associated with the synergistic effect. The results obtained in this study revealed that combining nanoparticles with fungicides can be an adequate strategy to significantly reduce the release of metals and agrochemicals into the environment after being used as antifungals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javiera Parada
- Biotechnological Research Center Applied to the Environment (CIBAMA-BIOREN), Faculty of Engendering and Science, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engendering and Science, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Tortella
- Biotechnological Research Center Applied to the Environment (CIBAMA-BIOREN), Faculty of Engendering and Science, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engendering and Science, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Amedea B Seabra
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Paola Fincheira
- Biotechnological Research Center Applied to the Environment (CIBAMA-BIOREN), Faculty of Engendering and Science, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engendering and Science, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Olga Rubilar
- Biotechnological Research Center Applied to the Environment (CIBAMA-BIOREN), Faculty of Engendering and Science, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engendering and Science, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
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Zakaria MAT, Sakimin SZ, Ismail MR, Ahmad K, Kasim S. Growth Enhancement and Resistance of Banana Plants to Fusarium Wilt Disease as Affected by Silicate Compounds and Application Frequency. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:542. [PMID: 38498542 PMCID: PMC10892973 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The amendment of soils with silicate (Si) compounds is essential to promote growth performance and control Fusarium wilt disease in bananas. Two successive greenhouse trials were conducted at the experimental farm of the University of Putra Malaysia. The treatments were arranged in split plots using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replicates to investigate the effects of Si compounds and application frequency on controlling FOC. Si compounds were used at a constant concentration of 0.1%: T0 (control), T1 (13% SiO2:20% K2O), T2 (26.6% SiO2:13.4% K2O) and T3 (36.2% SiO2:17% Na2O). There were three application frequencies by day intervals (DI): 0DI (without any application), 7DI (12× within 12 weeks after transplanting (WAT)), 15DI (6× within 12 WAT) and 30DI (3× within 12 WAT). From these findings, we observed that the photosynthesis rate started to increase from 10.6 to 19.4 µmol CO2 m-2s-1, when the total chlorophyll content started to increase from 3.85 to 7.61 mgcm-2. The transpiration rate started to increase from a value of 1.94 to 4.31 mmol H2O m-2s-1, when the stomata conductance started to increase from 0.237 to 0.958 mmol m-2s-1. The proline content started to increase from 22.89 to 55.07 µmg-1, when the relative water content started to increase from 42.92 to 83.57%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Aiman Takrim Zakaria
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.A.T.Z.); (M.R.I.)
| | - Siti Zaharah Sakimin
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.A.T.Z.); (M.R.I.)
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security (ITAFoS), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Razi Ismail
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (M.A.T.Z.); (M.R.I.)
| | - Khairulmazmi Ahmad
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Susilawati Kasim
- Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
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Heo Y, Lee Y, Balaraju K, Jeon Y. Characterization and evaluation of Bacillus subtilis GYUN-2311 as a biocontrol agent against Colletotrichum spp. on apple and hot pepper in Korea. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1322641. [PMID: 38260885 PMCID: PMC10800898 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1322641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Crop plants are vulnerable to a variety of diseases, including anthracnose, caused by various species of Colletotrichum fungi that damages major crops, including apples and hot peppers. The use of chemical fungicides for pathogen control may lead to environmental pollution and disease resistance. Therefore, we conducted this research to develop a Bacillus subtilis-based biological control agent (BCA). B. subtilis GYUN-2311 (GYUN-2311), isolated from the rhizosphere soil of an apple orchard, exhibited antagonistic activity against a total of 12 fungal pathogens, including eight Colletotrichum species. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and culture filtrate (CF) from GYUN-2311 displayed antifungal activity against all 12 pathogens, with 81% control efficiency against Fusarium oxysporum for VOCs and 81.4% control efficacy against Botryosphaeria dothidea for CF. CF also inhibited germination and appressorium formation in Colletotrichum siamense and C. acutatum. The CF from GYUN-2311 showed antifungal activity against all 12 pathogens in different media, particularly in LB medium. It also exhibited plant growth-promoting (PGP) activity, lytic enzyme activity, siderophore production, and the ability to solubilize insoluble phosphate. In trials on apples and hot peppers, GYUN-2311 effectively controlled disease, with 75 and 70% control efficacies against C. siamense in wounded and unwounded apples, respectively. Similarly, the control efficacy of hot pepper against C. acutatum in wounded inoculation was 72%. Combined application of GYUN-2311 and chemical suppressed hot pepper anthracnose to a larger extent than other treatments, such as chemical control, pyraclostrobin, TK®, GYUN-2311 and cross-spraying of chemical and GYUN-2311 under field conditions. The genome analysis of GYUN-2311 identified a circular chromosome comprising 4,043 predicted protein-coding sequences (CDSs) and 4,096,969 bp. B. subtilis SRCM104005 was the strain with the highest average nucleotide identity (ANI) to GYUN-2311. AntiSMASH analysis identified secondary metabolite biosynthetic genes, such as subtilomycin, bacillaene, fengycin, bacillibactin, pulcherriminic acid, subtilosin A, and bacilysin, whereas BAGEL analysis confirmed the presence of competence (ComX). Six secondary metabolite biosynthetic genes were induced during dual culture in the presence of C. siamense. These findings demonstrate the biological control potential of GYUN-2311 against apple and hot pepper anthracnose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjeong Heo
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
| | - Younmi Lee
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
| | - Kotnala Balaraju
- Agricultural Science and Technology Research Institute, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongho Jeon
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
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Che BY, Jin J, Sun M, Hu Q, Jian JY, Hao XJ, Huang LJ. Synthesis and Antifungal Activity of 2-(2-Benzoxazolyl)-1-arylethanone and 2-(2-Benzoxazolyl)-1-alkylethanone Derivatives. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301491. [PMID: 37916892 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
To discover more effective antifungal candidates, 33 benzoxazole derivatives, were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antifungal activity against seven phytopathogenic fungi by the mycelium growth rate method. Among 33 benzoxazole derivatives had thirteen derivatives no reported, and new derivatives C17 exhibited good inhibitory activity against Phomopsis sp. with EC50 values of 3.26 μM. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) of these derivatives analysis indicated that the substituent played a key role in antifungal activity in ortho-, meta- and para- substituted acetophenones. The preliminary mechanistic exploration demonstrated that C17 might exert its antifungal activity by targeting the mycelia cell membrane, which was verified by the observed changes in mycelial morphology, the formation of extracellular polysaccharides, cellular contents, cell membrane permeability and integrity, among other effects. Furthermore, C17 had potent curative effect against Phomopsis sp. in vivo, which indicated that C17 may be as a novelty potent antifungal agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Yu Che
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
| | - Jun Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
| | - Mao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
| | - Qian Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
| | - Jun-You Jian
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
| | - Lie-Jun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
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Lourenço LMO, Cunha Â, Sierra-Garcia IN. Light-Driven Tetra- and Octa-β-substituted Cationic Zinc(II) Phthalocyanines for Eradicating Fusarium oxysporum Conidia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16980. [PMID: 38069303 PMCID: PMC10706913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is an emerging therapeutic approach that can effectively inactivate diverse microbial forms, including vegetative forms and spores, while preserving host tissues and avoiding the development of resistance to the photosensitization procedure. This study evaluates the antifungal and sporicidal photodynamic activity of two water-soluble amphiphilic tetra- and octa-β-substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanine (ZnPc) dyes with dimethylaminopyridinium groups at the periphery (ZnPcs 1, 2) and their quaternized derivatives (ZnPcs 1a, 2a). Tetra(1, 1a)- and octa(2, 2a)-β-substituted zinc(II) phthalocyanines were prepared and assessed as photosensitizers (PSs) for their effects on Fusarium oxysporum conidia. Antimicrobial photoinactivation experiments were performed with each PS at 0.1, 1, 10, and 20 µM under white light irradiation at an irradiance of 135 mW·cm-2, for 60 min (light dose of 486 J·cm-2). High PDI efficiency was observed for PSs 1a, 2, and 2a (10 µM), corresponding to inactivation until the method's detection limit. PS 1 (20 µM) also achieved a considerable reduction of >5 log10 in the concentration of viable conidia. The quaternized PSs (1a, 2a) showed better PDI performance than the non-quaternized ones (1, 2), even at the low concentration of 1 µM, and a light dose of 486 J·cm-2. These cationic phthalocyanines are potent photodynamic drugs for antifungal applications due to their ability to effectively inactivate resistant forms, like conidia, with low concentrations and reasonable energy doses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ângela Cunha
- CESAM, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (Â.C.); (I.N.S.-G.)
| | - Isabel N. Sierra-Garcia
- CESAM, Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (Â.C.); (I.N.S.-G.)
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McLaughlin MS, Roy M, Abbasi PA, Carisse O, Yurgel SN, Ali S. Why Do We Need Alternative Methods for Fungal Disease Management in Plants? PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3822. [PMID: 38005718 PMCID: PMC10675458 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Fungal pathogens pose a major threat to food production worldwide. Traditionally, chemical fungicides have been the primary means of controlling these pathogens, but many of these fungicides have recently come under increased scrutiny due to their negative effects on the health of humans, animals, and the environment. Furthermore, the use of chemical fungicides can result in the development of resistance in populations of phytopathogenic fungi. Therefore, new environmentally friendly alternatives that provide adequate levels of disease control are needed to replace chemical fungicides-if not completely, then at least partially. A number of alternatives to conventional chemical fungicides have been developed, including plant defence elicitors (PDEs); biological control agents (fungi, bacteria, and mycoviruses), either alone or as consortia; biochemical fungicides; natural products; RNA interference (RNAi) methods; and resistance breeding. This article reviews the conventional and alternative methods available to manage fungal pathogens, discusses their strengths and weaknesses, and identifies potential areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. McLaughlin
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kentville Research and Development Centre, Kentville, NS B4N 1J5, Canada; (M.S.M.); (M.R.); (P.A.A.)
- Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 4H5, Canada
| | - Maria Roy
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kentville Research and Development Centre, Kentville, NS B4N 1J5, Canada; (M.S.M.); (M.R.); (P.A.A.)
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Pervaiz A. Abbasi
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kentville Research and Development Centre, Kentville, NS B4N 1J5, Canada; (M.S.M.); (M.R.); (P.A.A.)
| | - Odile Carisse
- Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Research Development Centre, Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC J3B 7B5, Canada;
| | - Svetlana N. Yurgel
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service, Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Research Unit, Prosser, WA 99350, USA;
| | - Shawkat Ali
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kentville Research and Development Centre, Kentville, NS B4N 1J5, Canada; (M.S.M.); (M.R.); (P.A.A.)
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Miele L, Evans RML, Cunniffe NJ, Torres-Barceló C, Bevacqua D. Evolutionary Epidemiology Consequences of Trait-Dependent Control of Heterogeneous Parasites. Am Nat 2023; 202:E130-E146. [PMID: 37963120 DOI: 10.1086/726062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
AbstractDisease control can induce both demographic and evolutionary responses in host-parasite systems. Foreseeing the outcome of control therefore requires knowledge of the eco-evolutionary feedback between control and system. Previous work has assumed that control strategies have a homogeneous effect on the parasite population. However, this is not true when control targets those traits that confer to the parasite heterogeneous levels of resistance, which can additionally be related to other key parasite traits through evolutionary trade-offs. In this work, we develop a minimal model coupling epidemiological and evolutionary dynamics to explore possible trait-dependent effects of control strategies. In particular, we consider a parasite expressing continuous levels of a trait-determining resource exploitation and a control treatment that can be either positively or negatively correlated with that trait. We demonstrate the potential of trait-dependent control by considering that the decision maker may want to minimize both the damage caused by the disease and the use of treatment, due to possible environmental or economic costs. We identify efficient strategies showing that the optimal type of treatment depends on the amount applied. Our results pave the way for the study of control strategies based on evolutionary constraints, such as collateral sensitivity and resistance costs, which are receiving increasing attention for both public health and agricultural purposes.
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Grella M, Gioelli F, Marucco P, Zwertvaegher I, Mozzanini E, Pittarello M, Balsari P, Fountas S, Nuyttens D, Mezzalama M, Pugliese M. Assessment of microbial biocontrol agent (BCA) viability to mechanical and thermal stress by simulating spray application conditions. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:4423-4438. [PMID: 37402243 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In order to improve the biological control agent (BCA) efficacy, stress factors threatening the viability of microorganisms during spray application need to be determined. The effect of spray mixture temperature and exposure time on Trichoderma harzianum T 22 and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens QST713 viability were tested. Concurrently the combined effect of mechanical and thermal stress effect on BCA viability were tested at two initial spray mixture temperatures (14 and 25 °C) by simulating a spray application using airblast sprayers featured by different tank capacity and a spray liquid circuit (without and with hydraulic agitation system). To assess the BCA microorganism viability, spray mixture samples were collected at time intervals along trials and plated to count the colony forming units (CFU). RESULTS The critical temperature threshold that inhibited BCA viability was 35 °C with 30 min of exposure. The sprayer type, the initial temperature of the spray mixture and the temperature increment during the trials significantly decreased the number of CFU recovered. When simulating a spray application, the spray mixture temperature increase rate was determined mainly by the residual amount of spray mixture in the tank. Even if the tank capacity does not substantially affect the final temperature reached by the spray mixture, the higher residual spray mixture in bigger tanks can expose the BCAs for a longer time to critical temperatures. CONCLUSIONS Experimental trials allowed us to identify the effect of factors affecting the viability of tested BCAs, providing information about the actual chance to guarantee the biological efficacy of BCA treatments. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Grella
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DiSAFA), University of Turin (UNITO), Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Gioelli
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DiSAFA), University of Turin (UNITO), Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Paolo Marucco
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DiSAFA), University of Turin (UNITO), Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Ingrid Zwertvaegher
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Eric Mozzanini
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DiSAFA), University of Turin (UNITO), Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Marco Pittarello
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DiSAFA), University of Turin (UNITO), Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Paolo Balsari
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DiSAFA), University of Turin (UNITO), Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Spyros Fountas
- Department of Natural Resources Management & Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - David Nuyttens
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Monica Mezzalama
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DiSAFA), University of Turin (UNITO), Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Massimo Pugliese
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DiSAFA), University of Turin (UNITO), Grugliasco, Italy
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Efremenko E, Aslanli A, Stepanov N, Senko O, Maslova O. Various Biomimetics, Including Peptides as Antifungals. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:513. [PMID: 37999154 PMCID: PMC10669293 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8070513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomimetics, which are similar to natural compounds that play an important role in the metabolism, manifestation of functional activity and reproduction of various fungi, have a pronounced attraction in the current search for new effective antifungals. Actual trends in the development of this area of research indicate that unnatural amino acids can be used as such biomimetics, including those containing halogen atoms; compounds similar to nitrogenous bases embedded in the nucleic acids synthesized by fungi; peptides imitating fungal analogs; molecules similar to natural substrates of numerous fungal enzymes and quorum-sensing signaling molecules of fungi and yeast, etc. Most parts of this review are devoted to the analysis of semi-synthetic and synthetic antifungal peptides and their targets of action. This review is aimed at combining and systematizing the current scientific information accumulating in this area of research, developing various antifungals with an assessment of the effectiveness of the created biomimetics and the possibility of combining them with other antimicrobial substances to reduce cell resistance and improve antifungal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Efremenko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Lenin Hills 1/3, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Lei LY, Xiong ZX, Li JL, Yang DZ, Li L, Chen L, Zhong QF, Yin FY, Li RX, Cheng ZQ, Xiao SQ. Biological control of Magnaporthe oryzae using natively isolated Bacillus subtilis G5 from Oryza officinalis roots. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1264000. [PMID: 37876784 PMCID: PMC10591090 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1264000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is a major threat to global rice production causing significant crop losses and impacting grain quality. The annual loss of rice production due to this disease ranges from 10% to 30%. The use of biologically controlled strains, instead of chemical pesticides, to control plant diseases has become a research hotspot. In this study, an antagonistic endophytic bacterial strain was isolated from the roots of Oryza officinalis using the traditional isolation and culture methods. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S RNA and whole-genome sequencing identified isolate G5 as a strain of Bacillus subtilis. This isolate displayed strong antagonistic effects against different physiological strains of M. oryzae. After co-culture in LB medium for 7 days, the inhibition rates of the mycelial growth of four strains of M. oryzae, ZB15, WH97, Guy11, and T-39800E were 98.07 ± 0.0034%, 98.59 ± 0.0051%, 99.16 ± 0.0012%, and 98.69 ± 0.0065%, respectively. Isolate G5 significantly inhibited the formation of conidia of M. oryzae, with an inhibition rate of 97% at an OD600 of 2. Isolate G5 was able to provide 66.81% protection against rice blast under potted conditions. Whole-genome sequencing revealed that the genome size of isolate G5 was 4,065,878 bp, including 4,182 coding genes. Using the anti-SMASH software, 14 secondary metabolite synthesis gene clusters were predicted to encode antifungal substances, such as fengycin, surfactin, and bacilysin. The G5 isolate also contained genes related to plant growth promotion. These findings provide a theoretical basis for expounding the biocontrol mechanisms of this strain and suggest further development of biogenic agents that could effectively inhibit rice blast pathogen growth and reduce crop damage, while being environmentally friendly, conducive to ecological development, and a sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides. This study also enriches the relevant research on endophytes of wild rice, which proves that wild rice is a valuable microbial resource bank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yun Lei
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Xiong
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Jin-Lu Li
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - De-Zheng Yang
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Liu Li
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Qiao-Fang Zhong
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Fu-You Yin
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Rong-Xin Li
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
- School of Agriculture, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Zai-Quan Cheng
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Su-Qin Xiao
- Biotechnology and Germplasm Resources Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
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Zhu Z, Xiong Z, Zou W, Shi Z, Li S, Zhang X, Liu S, Liu Y, Luo X, Ren J, Zhu Z, Dong P. Anti-oomycete ability of scopolamine against Phytophthora infestans, a terrible pathogen of potato late blight. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:6416-6428. [PMID: 37209269 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytophthora infestans causes late blight, threatening potato production. The tropane alkaloid scopolamine from some industrial plants (Datura, Atropa, etc.) has a broad-spectrum bacteriostatic effect, but its effect on P. infestans is unknown. RESULTS In the present study, scopolamine inhibited the mycelial growth of phytopathogenic oomycete P. infestans, and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 ) was 4.25 g L-1 . The sporangia germination rates were 61.43%, 16.16%, and 3.99% at concentrations of zero (control), 0.5 IC50 , and IC50 , respectively. The sporangia viability of P. infestans was significantly reduced after scopolamine treatment through propidium iodide and fluorescein diacetate staining, speculating that scopolamine destroyed cell membrane integrity. The detached potato tuber experiment demonstrated that scopolamine lessened the pathogenicity of P. infestans in potato tubers. Under stress conditions, scopolamine showed good inhibition of P. infestans, indicating that scopolamine could be used in multiple adverse conditions. The combination effect of scopolamine and the chemical pesticide Infinito on P. infestans was more effective than the use of scopolamine or Infinito alone. Moreover, transcriptome analysis suggested that scopolamine leaded to a downregulation of most P. infestans genes, functioning in cell growth, cell metabolism, and pathogenicity. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study to detect scopolamine inhibitory activity against P. infestans. Also, our findings highlight the potential of scopolamine as an eco-friendly option for controlling late blight in the future. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Hongshen Honors School, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ziwen Xiong
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Hongshen Honors School, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenjin Zou
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Hongshen Honors School, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiwen Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Hongshen Honors School, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shanying Li
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Hongshen Honors School, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinze Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shicheng Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Hongshen Honors School, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xunguang Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Ren
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenglin Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pan Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Chongqing, China
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Santos JBD, Cruz JDO, Geraldo LC, Dias EG, Queiroz PRM, Monnerat RG, Borges M, Blassioli-Moraes MC, Blum LEB. Detection and evaluation of volatile and non-volatile antifungal compounds produced by Bacillus spp. strains. Microbiol Res 2023; 275:127465. [PMID: 37543004 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
The identification of antifungal compounds produced by microorganisms is crucial in the context of sustainable agriculture. Bacteria of the genus Bacillus have a broad spectrum of action that can influence plant growth and control pests, vectors of public health relevance and phytopathogens. Lipopeptides are the main compounds related to the biological control of several pathogen species. Strains with biotechnological potential are identified by means of in vitro bioassays and molecular tests. In this study, strains from the Bacillus Bank of Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA/DF/Brazil) were selected to control the fungal pathogens Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Fusarium oxysporum by pairing assays. The detection of genes for biosynthesis of antifungal compounds from strains with high pathogen-inhibition capacity was correlated with peptide synthesis, such as bacillomycin D, fengycin d, bacilysin and surfactin. Their gene expression in contact with the pathogen was analyzed by Real-Time PCR. The volatile organic compounds produced by selected Bacillus strains were identified and quantified. In co-culture assays, the inhibition zone between Bacillus strains and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. Thirteen potentially anti-pathogenic strains were selected. Genes related to the synthesis of antifungal peptides were detected in 11 of them. In five strains, all tested genes were detected. Bacillomycin was the most frequently found lipopeptide gene. The fungus-bacteria interaction potentiated the production of volatiles. Several ketones and other volatile compounds with antifungal activity were identified. Relevant morphological changes in the fungus were observed when paired with bacteria. The study demonstrated the efficacy of the selected strains with regard to the biological control of phytopathogens and their biotechnological potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jônatas Barros Dos Santos
- University of Brasília (UnB), Postgraduate Program in Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil.
| | - José de Oliveira Cruz
- University of Brasília (UnB), Postgraduate Program in Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Leticia Costa Geraldo
- University of Brasília (UnB), Postgraduate Program in Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Guimarães Dias
- University of Brasília (UnB), Postgraduate Program in Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
| | | | - Rose Gomes Monnerat
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation) Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (CENARGEN), Brasília 70770-917, Brazil
| | - Miguel Borges
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation) Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (CENARGEN), Brasília 70770-917, Brazil
| | - Maria Carolina Blassioli-Moraes
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation) Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (CENARGEN), Brasília 70770-917, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo Bassay Blum
- University of Brasília (UnB), Postgraduate Program in Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Brasília 70910-900, Brazil
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Degani O, Gordani A, Dimant E, Chen A, Rabinovitz O. The cotton charcoal rot causal agent, Macrophomina phaseolina, biological and chemical control. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1272335. [PMID: 37794938 PMCID: PMC10546428 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1272335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The fungus Macrophomina phaseolina causes charcoal rot disease (CRD) in cotton, whose symptoms develop in the late stages of growth and result in wilting and death. Despite significant research efforts to reduce disease incidences, effective control strategies against M. phaseolina are an ongoing scientific effort. Today's CRD control tends toward green options to reduce the chemicals' environmental footprint and health risks. Here, different Trichoderma species were examined separately and in combination with Azoxystrobin (AS) in semi-field open-enclosure pots and a commercial field throughout a full season. In the pot experiment, the T. asperellum (P1) excelled and led to improvement in growth (13%-14%, day 69) and crops (the number of capsules by 36% and their weight by 78%, day 173). The chemical treatment alone at a low dose had no significant impact. Still, adding AS improved the effect of T. longibrachiatum (T7507) and impaired P1 efficiency. Real-time PCR monitoring of the pathogen DNA in the plants' roots at the harvest (day 176), revealed the efficiency of the combined treatments: T. longibrachiatum (T7407 and T7507) + AS. In a commercial field, seed dressing with a mixture of Trichoderma species (mix of P1, T7407, and Trichoderma sp. O.Y. 7107 isolate) and irrigation of their secreted metabolites during seeding resulted in the highest yields compared with the control. Applying only AS irrigation at a low dose (2,000 cc/ha), with the sowing, was the second best in promoting crops. The molecular M. phaseolina detection showed that the AS at a high dose (4,000 cc/ha) and the biological mix treatments were the most effective. Reducing the AS chemical treatment dosages by half impaired its effectiveness. Irrigation timing, also studied here, is proven vital. Early water opening during the late spring suppresses the disease outburst and damages. The results demonstrated the benefits of CRD bio-shielding and encouraged to explore the potential of a combined bio-chemo pest control approach. Such interphase can be environmentally friendly (reducing chemical substances), stabilize the biological treatment in changing environmental conditions, achieve high efficiency even in severe CRD cases, and reduce the development of fungicide resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ofir Degani
- Plants Sciences Department, Migal—Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
- Faculty of Sciences, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee, Tel-Hai, Israel
| | - Asaf Gordani
- Plants Sciences Department, Migal—Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
- Faculty of Sciences, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee, Tel-Hai, Israel
| | - Elhanan Dimant
- Plants Sciences Department, Migal—Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Assaf Chen
- Faculty of Sciences, Tel-Hai College, Upper Galilee, Tel-Hai, Israel
- Soil, Water and Environment Department, Migal—Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Onn Rabinovitz
- Plants Sciences Department, Migal—Galilee Research Institute, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
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Lopes MM, Oliveira-Paiva CAD, Farinas CS. Modification of pectin/starch-based beads with additives to improve Bacillus subtilis encapsulation for agricultural applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 246:125646. [PMID: 37394222 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of Bacillus as biofertilizer is a sustainable strategy to increase agricultural productivity, but it still requires the development of formulations to protect cells from stressful conditions. Ionotropic gelation using a pectin/starch matrix is a promising encapsulation strategy to achieve this goal. By incorporating additives such as montmorillonite (MMT), attapulgite (ATP), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), the properties of these encapsulated products could be further improved. In this study, we investigated the influence of these additives on the properties of pectin/starch-based beads for the encapsulation of Bacillus subtilis. FTIR analysis indicated pectin and Ca2+ ions interactions, while the XRD showed good dispersion of clays in the materials. SEM and X-ray microtomography revealed differences in the morphology of the beads due to the use of the additives. The viabilities at the encapsulation were higher than 1010 CFU g-1 for all formulations, with differences in the release profiles. In terms of cell protection, the pectin/starch, pectin/starch-MMT and pectin/starch-CMC formulations showed the highest cell viability after exposure to fungicide, while the pectin/starch-ATP beads showed the best performance after UV exposure. Moreover, all formulations maintained more than 109 CFU g-1 after six months of storage, which meets values required for microbial inoculants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Momesso Lopes
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory for Agribusiness (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentation, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Federal University of São Carlos, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Cristiane Sanchez Farinas
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory for Agribusiness (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentation, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program of Biotechnology, Federal University of São Carlos, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, 13565-905 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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Moyse J, Lecomte S, Marcou S, Mongelard G, Gutierrez L, Höfte M. Overview and Management of the Most Common Eukaryotic Diseases of Flax ( Linum usitatissimum). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2811. [PMID: 37570965 PMCID: PMC10420651 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Flax is an important crop cultivated for its seeds and fibers. It is widely grown in temperate regions, with an increase in cultivation areas for seed production (linseed) in the past 50 years and for fiber production (fiber flax) in the last decade. Among fiber-producing crops, fiber flax is the most valuable species. Linseed is the highest omega-3 oleaginous crop, and its consumption provides several benefits for animal and human health. However, flax production is impacted by various abiotic and biotic factors that affect yield and quality. Among biotic factors, eukaryotic diseases pose a significant threat to both seed production and fiber quality, which highlights the economic importance of controlling these diseases. This review focuses on the major eukaryotic diseases that affect flax in the field, describing the pathogens, their transmission modes and the associated plant symptoms. Moreover, this article aims to identify the challenges in disease management and provide future perspectives to overcome these biotic stresses in flax cultivation. By emphasizing the key diseases and their management, this review can aid in promoting sustainable and profitable flax production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Moyse
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.M.); (S.M.)
- Centre de Ressources Régionales en Biologie Moléculaire, University of Picardie Jules Verne, UFR Sciences, 33 Rue St-Leu, 80039 Amiens, France;
| | - Sylvain Lecomte
- LINEA–Semences, 20 Avenue Saget, 60210 Grandvilliers, France;
| | - Shirley Marcou
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.M.); (S.M.)
| | - Gaëlle Mongelard
- Centre de Ressources Régionales en Biologie Moléculaire, University of Picardie Jules Verne, UFR Sciences, 33 Rue St-Leu, 80039 Amiens, France;
| | - Laurent Gutierrez
- Centre de Ressources Régionales en Biologie Moléculaire, University of Picardie Jules Verne, UFR Sciences, 33 Rue St-Leu, 80039 Amiens, France;
| | - Monica Höfte
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (J.M.); (S.M.)
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Zou Y, Zhang Y, Liu X, Song H, Cai Q, Wang S, Yi C, Chen J. Research Progress of Benzothiazole and Benzoxazole Derivatives in the Discovery of Agricultural Chemicals. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10807. [PMID: 37445983 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzoxazole and benzothiazole have a broad spectrum of agricultural biological activities, such as antibacterial, antiviral, and herbicidal activities, which are important fused heterocyclic scaffold structures in agrochemical discovery. In recent years, great progress has been made in the research of benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles, especially in the development of herbicides and insecticides. With the widespread use of benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles, there may be more new products containing benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles in the future. We systematically reviewed the application of benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles in discovering new agrochemicals in the past two decades and summarized the antibacterial, fungicidal, antiviral, herbicidal, and insecticidal activities of the active compounds. We also discussed the structural-activity relationship and mechanism of the active compounds. This work aims to provide inspiration and ideas for the discovery of new agrochemicals based on benzoxazole and benzothiazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zou
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xing Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hongyi Song
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qingfeng Cai
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chongfen Yi
- Guizhou Rice Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jixiang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Lee SH, Jeon SH, Park JY, Kim DS, Kim JA, Jeong HY, Kang JW. Isolation and Evaluation of the Antagonistic Activity of Cnidium officinale Rhizosphere Bacteria against Phytopathogenic fungi ( Fusarium solani). Microorganisms 2023; 11:1555. [PMID: 37375057 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cnidium officinale Makino, a perennial crop in the Umbeliperae family, is one of Korea's representative forest medicinal plants. However, the growing area of C. officinale has been reduced by plant disease and soil sickness caused by fusarium wilt. This study isolated rhizosphere bacteria from C. officinale, and their antagonistic activity was evaluated against Fusarium solani. Particularly, four isolated strains, namely, PT1, ST7, ST8, and SP4, showed a significant antagonistic activity against F. solani. An in planta test showed that the mortality rates of shoots were significantly low in the PT1-inoculated group. The fresh and dry weights of the inoculated plants were also higher than that of the other groups. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing identified the strain PT1 as Leclercia adecarboxylata, and downstream studies confirmed the production of antagonism-related enzymes such as siderophore and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase. The phosphorous solubilizing ability and secretion of related enzymes were also analyzed. The results showed that PT1 strain could be utilized as promising plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and biocontrol agents (BCAs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Hui Lee
- Department of Forestry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Hong Jeon
- Department of Forestry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Young Park
- Department of Forestry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sol Kim
- Department of Forestry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Ah Kim
- Forest Medicinal Resource Research Center, NIFoS, Yeongju 36040, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui Yeong Jeong
- Forest Medicinal Resource Research Center, NIFoS, Yeongju 36040, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Won Kang
- Department of Forestry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Zhang J, Tang X, Hong Y, Chen G, Chen Y, Zhang L, Gao W, Zhou Y, Sun B. Carbon-based single-atom catalysts in advanced oxidation reactions for water remediation: From materials to reaction pathways. ECO-ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH (ONLINE) 2023; 2:47-60. [PMID: 38075290 PMCID: PMC10702890 DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/01/2024]
Abstract
Single-atom catalysts (SACs) have been widely recognized as state-of-the-art catalysts in environment remediation because of their exceptional performance, 100% metal atomic utilization, almost no secondary pollution, and robust structures. Most recently, the activation of persulfate with carbon-based SACs in advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) raises tremendous interest in the degradation of emerging contaminants in wastewater, owning to its efficient and versatile reactive oxidant species (ROS) generation. However, the comprehensive and critical review unraveling the underlying relationship between structures of carbon-based SACs and the corresponding generated ROS is still rare. Herein, we systematically summarize the fundamental understandings and intrinsic mechanisms between single metal atom active sites and produced ROS during AOPs. The types of emerging contaminants are firstly elaborated, presenting the prior pollutants that need to be degraded. Then, the preparation and characterization methods of carbon-based SACs are overviewed. The underlying material structure-ROS type relationship in persulfate-based AOPs is discussed in depth to expound the catalytic mechanisms. Finally, we briefly conclude the current development of carbon-based SACs in AOPs and propose the prospects for rational design and synthesis of carbon-based SACs with on-demand catalytic performances in AOPs in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yongjia Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guanyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenran Gao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Materials, Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), School of Material Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China
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Ma Y, Wu M, Qin X, Dong Q, Li Z. Antimicrobial function of yeast against pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms via either antagonism or encapsulation: A review. Food Microbiol 2023; 112:104242. [PMID: 36906324 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2023.104242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Contaminations of pathogenic and spoilage microbes on foods are threatening food safety and quality, highlighting the importance of developing antimicrobial agents. According to different working mechanisms, the antimicrobial activities of yeast-based agents were summarized from two aspects: antagonism and encapsulation. Antagonistic yeasts are usually applied as biocontrol agents for the preservation of fruits and vegetables via inactivating spoilage microbes, usually phytopathogens. This review systematically summarized various species of antagonistic yeasts, potential combinations to improve the antimicrobial efficiency, and the antagonistic mechanisms. The wide applications of the antagonistic yeasts are significantly limited by undesirable antimicrobial efficiency, poor environmental resistance, and a narrow antimicrobial spectrum. Another strategy for achieving effective antimicrobial activity is to encapsulate various chemical antimicrobial agents into a yeast-based carrier that has been previously inactivated. This is accomplished by immersing the dead yeast cells with porous structure in an antimicrobial suspension and applying high vacuum pressure to allow the agents to diffuse inside the yeast cells. Typical antimicrobial agents encapsulated in the yeast carriers have been reviewed, including chlorine-based biocides, antimicrobial essential oils, and photosensitizers. Benefiting from the existence of the inactive yeast carrier, the antimicrobial efficiencies and functional durability of the encapsulated antimicrobial agents, such as chlorine-based agents, essential oils, and photosensitizers, are significantly improved compared with the unencapsulated ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ma
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, Shanghai, China.
| | - Mengjie Wu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaojie Qin
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qingli Dong
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhuosi Li
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, Shanghai, China.
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48
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Dallacorte LV, Bosse MA, Capelin D, Paladini MV, Cattani F, Remor MB, Donizetti de Lima J, Perboni AT, Marchese JA. Economic versus technical efficiency in using ASM combined with fungicides to elicit wheat varieties with different disease susceptibilities. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17012. [PMID: 37484364 PMCID: PMC10361120 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the positive results of using elicitors to induce resistance against plant diseases, some factors have inhibited the popularization of their use in agriculture. There is an energetic cost related to the elicitors' induced response which can cause undesired effects on growth under low-pressure disease conditions. Elicitors can create phytotoxicity and show high variation in their efficiency between different genotypes within the same crop; in addition, the positive results related to the induced resistance may not repeat in field treatments, adding to the possibility that they are not economically viable. Thus, we carried out two experiments to investigate the technical and economic efficiency of acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) and its association with fungicides in the control of leaf diseases of susceptible and resistant wheat varieties, and as how it reflects on the photosynthetic and production performance of wheat. This study showed the limitations of incorporating ASM into foliar fungal disease control in economic terms. However, it was evident that ASM effectively induced plant resistance against Leaf Rust and Powdery Mildew in the field and can be considered a sustainable option for wheat cultivation. Even though its association with chemical control was not the best economic strategy the use of ASM is a tool that can be incorporated into wheat cultivation to minimize the emergence of fungicide-resistant pathogens due to the diversification of modes of action employed and reduce the toxic residue deposition to the environment and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Antonio Bosse
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Technology – Paraná, Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
| | - Diogo Capelin
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Technology – Paraná, Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vily Paladini
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Technology – Paraná, Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
| | - Felipe Cattani
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Technology – Paraná, Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Anelise Tessari Perboni
- Bioprocess and Biotechnology Engineering Department, Federal University of Technology – Paraná, Dois Vizinhos, PR, Brazil
| | - José Abramo Marchese
- Agronomy Department, Federal University of Technology – Paraná, Pato Branco, PR, Brazil
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49
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Peralta-Ruiz Y, Rossi C, Grande-Tovar CD, Chaves-López C. Green Management of Postharvest Anthracnose Caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:623. [PMID: 37367558 DOI: 10.3390/jof9060623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fruits and vegetables are constantly affected by postharvest diseases, of which anthracnose is one of the most severe and is caused by diverse Colletotrichum species, mainly C. gloeosporioides. In the last few decades, chemical fungicides have been the primary approach to anthracnose control. However, recent trends and regulations have sought to limit the use of these substances. Greener management includes a group of sustainable alternatives that use natural substances and microorganisms to control postharvest fungi. This comprehensive review of contemporary research presents various sustainable alternatives to C. gloeosporioides postharvest control in vitro and in situ, ranging from the use of biopolymers, essential oils, and antagonistic microorganisms to cultivar resistance. Strategies such as encapsulation, biofilms, coatings, compounds secreted, antibiotics, and lytic enzyme production by microorganisms are revised. Finally, the potential effects of climate change on C. gloeosporioides and anthracnose disease are explored. Greener management can provide a possible replacement for the conventional approach of using chemical fungicides for anthracnose postharvest control. It presents diverse methodologies that are not mutually exclusive and can be in tune with the needs and interests of new consumers and the environment. Overall, developing or using these alternatives has strong potential for improving sustainability and addressing the challenges generated by climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeimmy Peralta-Ruiz
- Programa de Ingeniería Agroindustrial, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad del Atlántico, Puerto Colombia 081008, Colombia
| | - Chiara Rossi
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Carlos David Grande-Tovar
- Grupo de Investigación de Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Universidad del Atlántico, Carrera 30 Número 8-49, Puerto Colombia 081008, Colombia
| | - Clemencia Chaves-López
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy
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50
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Agho CA, Runno-Paurson E, Tähtjärv T, Kaurilind E, Niinemets Ü. Variation in Leaf Volatile Emissions in Potato ( Solanum tuberosum) Cultivars with Different Late Blight Resistance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12112100. [PMID: 37299080 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play key roles in plant abiotic and biotic stress resistance, but even for widespread crops, there is limited information on variations in the magnitude and composition of constitutive VOC emissions among cultivars with varying stress resistance. The foliage VOC emissions from nine local and commercial potato cultivars (Alouette, Sarme, Kuras, Ando, Anti, Jõgeva Kollane, Teele, 1681-11, and Reet) with medium to late maturities and varying Phytophthora infestans (the causative agent of late blight disease) resistance backgrounds were analyzed to gain an insight into the genetic diversity of constitutive VOC emissions and to test the hypothesis that cultivars more resistant to Phytophthora infestans have greater VOC emissions and different VOC fingerprints. Forty-six VOCs were identified in the emission blends of potato leaves. The majority of the VOCs were sesquiterpenes (50% of the total number of compounds and 0.5-36.9% of the total emissions) and monoterpenes (30.4% of the total number of compounds and 57.8-92.5% of the total VOC emissions). Qualitative differences in leaf volatiles, mainly in sesquiterpenes, were related to the potato genotype background. Among the volatile groups, the monoterpenes α-pinene, β-pinene, Δ3-carene, limonene, and p-cymene, the sesquiterpenes (E)-β-caryophyllene and α-copaene, and green leaf volatile hexanal were the major volatiles in all cultivars. A higher share of VOCs known to have antimicrobial activities was observed. Interestingly, the cultivars were grouped into high and low resistance categories based on the VOC profiles, and the total terpenoid and total constitutive VOC emission scale positively with resistance. To support and expedite advances in breeding for resistance to diseases such as late blight disease, the plant research community must develop a fast and precise approach to measure disease resistance. We conclude that the blend of emitted volatiles is a fast, non-invasive, and promising indicator to identify cultivars resistant to potato late blight disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Agho
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006 Tartu, Estonia
| | - E Runno-Paurson
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006 Tartu, Estonia
| | - T Tähtjärv
- The Centre of Estonian Rural Research and Knowledge, J. Aamisepa 1, 48309 Jõgeva, Estonia
| | - E Kaurilind
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ü Niinemets
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51006 Tartu, Estonia
- Estonian Academy of Sciences, Kohtu 6, 10130 Tallinn, Estonia
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