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Sarvesh N, Afeeza K, Suresh V, Dilipan E. Development of the Antioxidant Property of Seagrass Extract-Based Hydrogel for Dental Application. Cureus 2024; 16:e54544. [PMID: 38516444 PMCID: PMC10956633 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Seagrass is rich in antioxidants, which can help neutralize harmful free radicals in the oral cavity. Free radicals can contribute to oxidative stress, inflammation, and various oral health issues. Incorporating seagrass extract into a hydrogel can enhance its antioxidant capacity, providing a protective effect for oral tissues. The hydrogel, composed of a biocompatible base, ensures that the material is well-tolerated by oral tissue. This is crucial for any dental application to avoid adverse reactions. Aim This work aimed to develop an antioxidant hydrogel that incorporates seagrass extract, with a specific emphasis on its possible use in dentistry. Methods A seagrass sample was collected, and its bioactive compounds were extracted through the utilization of methanol, and subsequent filtration was done. The resulting seagrass filtrate was then integrated into a hydrogel, which was synthesized using polyacrylamide and sodium alginate. Antioxidant hydrogel underwent testing for antioxidant activity through both the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay and the 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assay. Besides, the hydrogel functional groups were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, while its crystalline structure was examined using X-ray diffraction analysis. Conclusion Seagrass extract provides inherent antioxidant properties, and incorporating this bioactive extract into the hydrogel imparts antioxidant features. The hydrogel's controlled-release property ensures both safety and efficiency. Antioxidant hydrogel for dental applications holds the potential to improve oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayanan Sarvesh
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Klg Afeeza
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Vasugi Suresh
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Elangovan Dilipan
- Physiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Khan ZS, Amir S, Sokač Cvetnić T, Jurinjak Tušek A, Benković M, Jurina T, Valinger D, Gajdoš Kljusurić J. Sustainable Isolation of Bioactive Compounds and Proteins from Plant-Based Food (and Byproducts). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2904. [PMID: 37631116 PMCID: PMC10458638 DOI: 10.3390/plants12162904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Plant-based food produces significantly less greenhouse gases, and due to its wealth of bioactive components and/or plant-based protein, it becomes an alternative in a sustainable food system. However, the processing and production of products from plant sources creates byproducts, which can be waste or a source of useful substances that can be reused. The waste produced during the production and processing of food is essentially nutrient- and energy-rich, and it is recognized as an excellent source of secondary raw materials that could be repurposed in the process of manufacturing and preparing food, or as feed for livestock. This review offers an overview of the sources and techniques of the sustainable isolation of bioactive substances and proteins from various sources that might represent waste in the preparation or production of food of plant origin. The aim is to uncover novel approaches to use waste and byproducts from the process of making food to provide this waste food an additional benefit, not forgetting the expectations of the end user, the consumer. For the successful isolation of bioactive ingredients and proteins from food of plant origin, it is crucial to develop more eco-friendly and efficient extraction techniques with a low CO2 footprint while considering the economic aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakir Showkat Khan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar 143005, India
- Department of Food Technology, School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Saira Amir
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Management and Technology, C-II Johar Town, Lahore 54700, Pakistan
| | - Tea Sokač Cvetnić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva ul. 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Jurinjak Tušek
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva ul. 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Benković
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva ul. 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tamara Jurina
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva ul. 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Davor Valinger
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva ul. 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasenka Gajdoš Kljusurić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva ul. 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Romáryo Duarte da Luz J, da Cunha Bezerra A, Mauricio de Sousa R, Pinheiro Ferreira M, Batista D, Victor E Silva S, Menezes da Cruz AK, Das Graças Almeida M. Physicochemical, Sensory, Microbiological And Antioxidant Characterization Of A Jelly Made From Tacinga Inamoena. JOURNAL OF CULINARY SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15428052.2022.2112352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jefferson Romáryo Duarte da Luz
- Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry Laboratory, State University of Amapá (UEAP), Macapá, Brazil
- Post-graduation Program in Health Sciences, Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis (DACT), Health Sciences Center, UFRN, Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Rubiamara Mauricio de Sousa
- Post-graduation Program in Health Sciences, Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis (DACT), Health Sciences Center, UFRN, Natal, Brazil
| | - Macelia Pinheiro Ferreira
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis (DACT), Health Sciences Center, UFRN, Natal, Brazil
| | - Débora Batista
- Extremoz City Hall - Autonomous Water and Sewage Service of the State of Rio Grande do Norte and Post-graduation Program in Health Sciences, Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis (DACT), Health Sciences Center, UFRN, Natal, Brazil
| | - Saulo Victor E Silva
- Post-graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, De-partment of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis (DACT), Health Sciences Center, Federal University of the Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Das Graças Almeida
- Post-graduation Program in Health Sciences, Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis (DACT), Health Sciences Center, UFRN, Natal, Brazil
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4
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Barba FJ, Rajha HN, Debs E, Abi-Khattar AM, Khabbaz S, Dar BN, Simirgiotis MJ, Castagnini JM, Maroun RG, Louka N. Optimization of Polyphenols’ Recovery from Purple Corn Cobs Assisted by Infrared Technology and Use of Extracted Anthocyanins as a Natural Colorant in Pickled Turnip. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27165222. [PMID: 36014470 PMCID: PMC9416142 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An ecofriendly extraction technology using infrared (IR) irradiation Ired-Irrad® was applied to purple corn cobs to enhance polyphenol recovery for the first time. The IR extraction efficiency was compared to that of the water bath (WB) method. Response surface methodology (RSM) using a central composite design was conducted to determine the effect of the experimental conditions (extraction time and treatment temperature) and their interactions on the total polyphenol and anthocyanin yields. Optimal extraction of total phenolic compounds (37 mg GAE/g DM) and total monomeric anthocyanins (14 mg C3G/g DM) were obtained at 63 °C for 77 min using IR as an extraction technique and water as a solvent. HPLC revealed that the recovery of peonidin 3-O-glucoside and cyanidin 3-O-glucoside was enhanced by 26% and 34%, respectively, when using IR. Finally, purple corn cobs’ spray-dried extract was proven to be an important natural colorant of pickled turnip. It offers great potential for use as a healthy alternative to the carcinogenic rhodamine B synthetic dye, which was banned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J. Barba
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-963-544-972
| | - Hiba N. Rajha
- Centre d’Analyses et de Recherche, Unité de Recherche Technologies et Valorisation Agro-Alimentaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, B.P. 17-5208 Riad El Solh, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon
- Ecole Supérieure d’Ingénieurs de Beyrouth (ESIB), Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, CST Mkalles Mar Roukos, Beirut 1107 2050, Lebanon
| | - Espérance Debs
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, University of Balamand, P.O. Box 100, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon
| | - Anna-Maria Abi-Khattar
- Centre d’Analyses et de Recherche, Unité de Recherche Technologies et Valorisation Agro-Alimentaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, B.P. 17-5208 Riad El Solh, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon
| | - Stéphanie Khabbaz
- Centre d’Analyses et de Recherche, Unité de Recherche Technologies et Valorisation Agro-Alimentaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, B.P. 17-5208 Riad El Solh, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon
| | - Basharat Nabi Dar
- Department of Food Technology, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Kashmir 192122, India
| | - Mario J. Simirgiotis
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Austral de Chile, Elena Haverbeck S-N, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Juan Manuel Castagnini
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, 46100 Valencia, Spain
| | - Richard G. Maroun
- Centre d’Analyses et de Recherche, Unité de Recherche Technologies et Valorisation Agro-Alimentaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, B.P. 17-5208 Riad El Solh, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon
| | - Nicolas Louka
- Centre d’Analyses et de Recherche, Unité de Recherche Technologies et Valorisation Agro-Alimentaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth, B.P. 17-5208 Riad El Solh, Beirut 1104 2020, Lebanon
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Torres-Rêgo M, Aquino-Vital AKSD, Cavalcanti FF, Rocha EEA, Daniele-Silva A, Furtado AA, Silva DPD, Ururahy MAG, Silveira ER, Fernandes-Pedrosa MDF, Araújo RM. Phytochemical analysis and preclinical toxicological, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory evaluation of hydroethanol extract from the roots of Harpalyce brasiliana Benth (Leguminosae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 294:115364. [PMID: 35551979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Harpalyce brasiliana Benth (Leguminosae) is a shrub endemic to Brazil, popularly known as "snake's root." This species is used in folk medicine for the treatment of inflammation and snakebites. However, up to now there is no scientific research to justify its popular use. The study aimed to characterize the phytochemical profile of the hydroethanol extract from the roots of H. brasiliana (Hb), to evaluate its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential, as well as to investigate its cytotoxicity and acute toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS The extract was obtained by maceration method using a solution of ethanol:water (70: 30, v/v). The phytochemical profile was obtained by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The cytotoxicity of extract (31-2000 μg/mL) was evaluated in vitro, by the 3-methyl-[4-5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method using murine macrophage and fibroblast cell lines (RAW 247.6 and 3T3, respectively) and by the hemolytic assay. For the in vivo acute toxicity, the extract (2000 mg/kg) was administered and after 14 days the weight (body and organs) and hematological and biochemical parameters were analyzed. Chemical free radical scavenging effect of the extract (125-2000 μg/mL) was investigated through diphenylpicryl hydrazine reduction, total antioxidant capacity, reducing power, hydroxyl radical scavenging, and iron and copper chelating assays. In vitro anti-inflammatory effect of the extract (125, 500, and 2000 μg/mL) was demonstrated through of nitric oxide (NO) analyzed in lipopolysaccharides stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In vivo anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated in carrageenan-induced paw edema and zymosan-air-pouch models, with gavage administration (post-treatment) of extract at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg. For the first animal model, the anti-edematogenic activity and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels were investigated, while in the zymosan-air-pouch model the leukocyte number, MPO, total protein and pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) levels were quantified. In addition, the oxidative parameters such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) were determined. RESULTS The phytochemical profile revealed the presence of 20 compounds, mainly prenylated and geranylated pterocarpans. The extract demonstrated no cytotoxicity in erythrocytes, macrophages and fibroblasts cells at the tested concentrations, as well as no sign of toxicity and mortality or significant alterations on the hematological and biochemical parameters in the acute toxicity model. The extract was also able to neutralize chemical free radicals, with copper and iron chelating effect. For the NO dosage, the extract evidenced the reduction of expression of NO after the administration of the extract (500 and 2000 μg/mL). The edematogenic model revealed a decrease in paw edema and MPO level, while the zymosan-air-pouch model evidenced a reduction of leukocyte number (especially of polymorphornuclears), MPO production, and total protein and cytokine levels, and demonstrated the antioxidant effect through a decrease in MDA and increase in GSH parameters. CONCLUSION This approach demonstrates for the first time that Hb is not cytotoxic, has low acute toxicity, and possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in preclinical analyses, corroborating its popular use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoela Torres-Rêgo
- Graduate Program of Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal, 59072-970, Brazil; Laboratory of Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (Tecbiofar), College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias Street, S/N, Petrópolis, Natal, 59012-570, Brazil.
| | - Ana Karoline Silva de Aquino-Vital
- Graduate Program of Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal, 59072-970, Brazil.
| | - Felipe França Cavalcanti
- Graduate Program of Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal, 59072-970, Brazil.
| | - Enos Emanuel Azevedo Rocha
- Graduate Program of Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal, 59072-970, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra Daniele-Silva
- Laboratory of Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (Tecbiofar), College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias Street, S/N, Petrópolis, Natal, 59012-570, Brazil.
| | - Allanny Alves Furtado
- Laboratory of Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (Tecbiofar), College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias Street, S/N, Petrópolis, Natal, 59012-570, Brazil.
| | - Diana Pontes da Silva
- Laboratory of Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (Tecbiofar), College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias Street, S/N, Petrópolis, Natal, 59012-570, Brazil.
| | - Marcela Abbott Galvão Ururahy
- Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias Street, S/N, Petrópolis, Natal, 59012-570, Brazil.
| | - Edilberto Rocha Silveira
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Humberto Monte Street, S/N, Campus Pici, Pici, Fortaleza, 60021-970, Brazil.
| | - Matheus de Freitas Fernandes-Pedrosa
- Laboratory of Technology and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (Tecbiofar), College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias Street, S/N, Petrópolis, Natal, 59012-570, Brazil.
| | - Renata Mendonça Araújo
- Graduate Program of Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Senador Salgado Filho Avenue, 3000, Lagoa Nova, Natal, 59072-970, Brazil.
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Morais NDS, Passos TS, Ramos GR, Ferreira VAF, Moreira SMG, Chaves Filho GP, Barreto APG, Leite PIP, de Almeida RS, Paulo CLR, Fernandes R, da Silva SÂD, Nascimento SSDC, de Sousa Júnior FC, de Assis CF. Nanoencapsulation of buriti oil (Mauritia flexuosa L.f.) in porcine gelatin enhances the antioxidant potential and improves the effect on the antibiotic activity modulation. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265649. [PMID: 35303021 PMCID: PMC8932573 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the cytotoxicity, antioxidant potential, and antimicrobial effect on the antibiotic activity modulation of gelatin nanoparticles containing buriti oil (OPG). The cytotoxicity analysis was performed on Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells (CHO) using a MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] test. The antioxidant potential of buriti oil and OPG was determined by total antioxidant capacity, reducing power, and the ABTS (2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) test. The modulating antimicrobial activity was evaluated by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) concentration against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, gentamicin and norflaxacillin. The nanoformulation of OPG did not show a cytotoxic effect on CHO cells and had a higher antioxidant potential than free buriti oil (p<0.05). The combination of antibiotics with free buriti oil and OPG was more efficient in inhibiting E. coli and P. aeruginosa than isolated norfloxacillin and gentamicin (p<0.05). Regarding the inhibition of S. aureus, OPG in combination with norfloxacillin reduced MIC by 50%. Nanoencapsulation was a viable alternative to enhance functionality and adding commercial value to buriti oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neyna de Santos Morais
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Thaís Souza Passos
- Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Rocha Ramos
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | - Susana Margarida Gomes Moreira
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Gildácio Pereira Chaves Filho
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Gomes Barreto
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | - Ray Silva de Almeida
- Department of Chemical Biology, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, CE, Brasil
| | | | - Rafael Fernandes
- Chemical Intitute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | | | - Sara Sayonara da Cruz Nascimento
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology—RENORBIO, Biosciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Francisco Canindé de Sousa Júnior
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Fernandes de Assis
- Nutrition Postgraduate Program, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
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7
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de Melo MMA, Oliveira VDS, de Queiroz Neto MF, Paiva WDS, Torres-Rêgo M, Silva SRB, Pontes DDL, Rocha HAO, de Souza MÂF, da Silva-Júnior AA, Fernandes-Pedrosa MDF. TanP: A Multifunctional Anionic Peptide From Tityus stigmurus Scorpion Venom. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:785316. [PMID: 35111812 PMCID: PMC8802776 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.785316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Anionic peptides of scorpions are molecules rich in aspartic and/or glutamic acid residues and correspond to a class of peptides without disulfide bonds that are still little explored. TanP is a linear anionic peptide (50 amino acid residues and net charge -20) present in the venom gland of the scorpion, Tityus stigmurus, with chelating properties for Cu2+ ion and immunomodulatory properties. The therapeutic application of chelating molecules is related to cases of acute or chronic intoxication by metals, neurodegenerative diseases, hematological diseases, healing of skin wounds, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. In this approach, the chelating activity of TanP was evaluated in relation to new metal ions (Fe2+ and Zn2+) of biological importance, as well as its antioxidant, hemostatic, immunomodulatory, and healing potential, aiming to expand the biological and biotechnological potential of this peptide. TanP (25 µM) was able to form stable complexes with Fe2+ in a ratio of 1:5 (TanP: Fe2+). Theoretical results suggest that TanP can work as a sensor to identify and quantify Fe2+ ions. The fluorescence intensity of TanP (1.12 µM) decreased significantly after the addition of Fe2+, obtaining the highest ratio 1: 7.4 (TanP: Fe2+) that led to the lowest fluorescence intensity. For Zn2+, no relevant spectral change was noted. TanP (50 µM) showed a maximum of 3% of hemolytic activity, demonstrating biocompatibility, as well as exhibiting a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging activity of above 70% at all the concentrations tested (1-25 μM), and 89.7% iron-chelating activity at 25 μM and 96% hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity at 73.6 μM. In addition, TanP (12.5 and 25 µM) revealed an anticoagulant effect, prolonging the clotting time in prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time assays, with no fibrinogenolytic activity. TanP (12.5 and 25 µM) induced the release of TNF-α by murine macrophages, in the absence of lipopolysaccharides, with a concentration-dependent increase and also stimulated the migration of 3T3 cells in the in vitro healing assay. Thus, TanP revealed a multifunctional potential, being useful as a prototype for the development of new therapeutic and biotechnological agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menilla Maria Alves de Melo
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Verônica da Silva Oliveira
- Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and Polymers, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Moacir Fernandes de Queiroz Neto
- Laboratory of Natural Polymer Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Weslley de Souza Paiva
- Laboratory of Natural Polymer Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Manoela Torres-Rêgo
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Isolation of Organic Compounds, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel de Lima Pontes
- Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry and Polymers, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Laboratory of Natural Polymer Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Arnóbio Antônio da Silva-Júnior
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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8
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Prathipa A, Manigandan G, Dinesh Kumar S, Santhanam P, Perumal P, Krishnaveni N, Devi KN, Vijayalakshmi S. Gibberellic acids promote growth and exopolysaccharide production in Tetraselmis suecica under reciprocal nitrogen concentration: an assessment on antioxidant properties and nutrient removal efficacy of immobilized iron-magnetic nanoparticles. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:5647-5659. [PMID: 34463810 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02545-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study was aimed to assess the effect of gibberellic acids to enhance the growth, biomass, pigment, and exopolysaccharides production in Tetraselmis suecica under reciprocal nitrogen concentrations. For this study, the seven types of experimental media (N-P, NL-P/2GA3, N0-P/2GA3, NL-P/4GA3, N0-P/4GA3, NL-P/6GA3, and N0-P/6GA3) were prepared with the addition of gibberellic acids under various nitrogen concentrations. The experiment lasted for 15 days and the cell density, biomass, chlorophyll 'a', and exopolysaccharides (EPS) concentration of T. suecica were estimated for every 3 days. Then the EPS was subjected to the analyses of chemical (carbohydrate, protein, sulfate, and uronic acid), and antioxidant activity. In addition, nutrient removal efficiency was evaluated using different concentration of EPS. The highest DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) (86.7 ± 0.95%) and hydroxyl radical activity (85.7 ± 2.48%) were observed at the EPS concentrations 2.5 and 1.2 mg/mL, respectively. The immobilized magnetic Fe3O4-EPS (ferric oxide-exopolysaccharides) nanoparticles (5.0 and 10.0 g/L) have efficiently removed the excessive phosphate (89.5 ± 1.65%) and nitrate (73.5 ± 1.72%) from the Litopenaeus vannamei cultured wastewater. Thus, the application of gibberellic acids combined with limited nitrogen concentration could produce higher EPS that could exhibit excellent antioxidant activity, and nutrient removal efficacy in the form of Fe3O4-EPS magnetic nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Prathipa
- Department of Biotechnology, J. J. College of Arts and Science (Autonomous, Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Pudukkottai, Tamil Nadu, 614 616, India
| | - G Manigandan
- Department of Biotechnology, J. J. College of Arts and Science (Autonomous, Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Pudukkottai, Tamil Nadu, 614 616, India
| | - S Dinesh Kumar
- Marine Planktonology and Aquaculture Lab., Department of Marine Science, School of Marine Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - P Santhanam
- Marine Planktonology and Aquaculture Lab., Department of Marine Science, School of Marine Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India.
| | - P Perumal
- Marine Planktonology and Aquaculture Lab., Department of Marine Science, School of Marine Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - N Krishnaveni
- Marine Planktonology and Aquaculture Lab., Department of Marine Science, School of Marine Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - K Nanthini Devi
- Marine Planktonology and Aquaculture Lab., Department of Marine Science, School of Marine Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India
| | - S Vijayalakshmi
- Askoscen Probionics, Uyyankondan Thirumalai, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 017, India
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9
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Daniele-Silva A, Rodrigues SDCS, Dos Santos ECG, Queiroz Neto MFD, Rocha HADO, Silva-Júnior AAD, Resende JM, Araújo RM, Fernandes-Pedrosa MDF. NMR three-dimensional structure of the cationic peptide Stigmurin from Tityus stigmurus scorpion venom: In vitro antioxidant and in vivo antibacterial and healing activity. Peptides 2021; 137:170478. [PMID: 33359395 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Infectious diseases and the rapid development of pathogens resistant to conventional drugs are a serious global public health problem, which motivates the search for new pharmacological agents. In this context, cationic peptides without disulfide bridges from different species of scorpion venom have been the target of scientific studies due to their multifunctional activities. Stigmurin is a linear peptide composed of 17 amino acid residues (Phe-Phe-Ser-Leu-Ile-Pro-Ser-Leu-Val-Gly-Gly-Leu-Ile-Ser-Ala-Phe-Lys-NH2), which is present in the venom gland of the scorpion Tityus stigmurus. Here we present investigations of the in vitro antioxidant action of Stigmurin together with the in vivo antibacterial and healing activity of this peptide in a wound infection model induced by Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, we have reports for the first time of the three-dimensional structure determined by NMR spectroscopy of a peptide without disulfide bridges present in scorpion venom from the Tityus genus. Stigmurin showed hydroxyl radical scavenging above 70 % at 10 μM and antibiotic action in the skin wound, reducing the number of viable microorganisms by 67.2 % on the 7 day after infection. Stigmurin (1 μg / μL) increased the retraction rate of the lesion, with wound area reduction of 43 % on the second day after skin injury, which indicates its ability to induce tissue repair. Stigmurin in trifluoroethanol:water exhibited a random conformation at the N-terminus region (Phe1 to Pro6), with a helical structure from Ser7 to Phe16. This structural information, allied with the multifunctional activity of Stigmurin, makes it an attractive candidate for the design of novel therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Daniele-Silva
- Laboratório de Tecnologia e Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Suedson de Carvalho Silva Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Isolamento e Síntese de Compostos Orgânicos, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | - Moacir Fernandes de Queiroz Neto
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira Rocha
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Arnóbio Antônio da Silva-Júnior
- Laboratório de Tecnologia e Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Departamento de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Jarbas Magalhães Resende
- Laboratório de Síntese e Estrutura de Peptídeos, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Renata Mendonça Araújo
- Laboratório de Isolamento e Síntese de Compostos Orgânicos, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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10
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Santo GD, de Veras BO, Rico E, Magro JD, Agostini JF, Vieira LD, Calisto JFF, Mocelin R, de Sá Fonseca V, Wanderley AG. Hexane extract from SpoSndias mombin L. (Anacardiaceae) prevents behavioral and oxidative status changes on model of Parkinson's disease in zebrafish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 241:108953. [PMID: 33310063 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The search for new therapies, derived from natural compounds in order to prevent and treat Parkinson's disease (PD) has aroused the interest of many researchers. Spondias mombin (L) has active constituents with known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective potential of the hexane extract of S. mombin (EHSm) in an experimental model of DP induced by rotenone in zebrafish. The analysis of GC/MS demonstrated cyclogallipharaol (13.88%) and dl-α-tocopherol (8.08%) mostly, while HPLC-DAD indicated the presence of quercetin (<5), quercetrin (6.54 mg/g) and rutin (8.83 mg/g). The zebrafish exposed for 4 weeks to rotenone (ROT, 3 μg/L) and EHSm (5, 15, 25 mg/L). EHSm (25 mg/L) was able to reverse the behavioral damage induced by ROT in the entries and time spent in the top area of the tank. The parameters biochemicals indicated of EHSm prevented oxidative stress (TBARS e total thiols), inflammation and dopamine uptake triggered by ROT, evidenced of increased on the CAT, SOD and GSH and decreased of GST, O2- production and NADPH oxidase activities. We conclude that EHSm demonstrate a neuroprotector effect mediated through anxiolytic and antioxidant activities. However, more studies are necessary to elucidate the exact mechanism underlying the effects of EHSm on DP induced by rotenone in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glaucia Dal Santo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Bruno Oliveira de Veras
- Departamento de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Rico
- Laboratório de Neurologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Jacir Dal Magro
- Área de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Jotele Fontana Agostini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Leucio Duarte Vieira
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Jean Felipe Fossá Calisto
- Área de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó), Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Ricieri Mocelin
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vitória de Sá Fonseca
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Almir Gonçalves Wanderley
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil; Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.
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11
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da Silva NS, Araújo NK, Daniele-Silva A, Oliveira JWDF, de Medeiros JM, Araújo RM, Ferreira LDS, Rocha HAO, Silva-Junior AA, Silva MS, Fernandes-Pedrosa MDF. Antimicrobial Activity of Chitosan Oligosaccharides with Special Attention to Antiparasitic Potential. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19020110. [PMID: 33673266 PMCID: PMC7917997 DOI: 10.3390/md19020110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The global rise of infectious disease outbreaks and the progression of microbial resistance reinforce the importance of researching new biomolecules. Obtained from the hydrolysis of chitosan, chitooligosaccharides (COSs) have demonstrated several biological properties, including antimicrobial, and greater advantage over chitosan due to their higher solubility and lower viscosity. Despite the evidence of the biotechnological potential of COSs, their effects on trypanosomatids are still scarce. The objectives of this study were the enzymatic production, characterization, and in vitro evaluation of the cytotoxic, antibacterial, antifungal, and antiparasitic effects of COSs. NMR and mass spectrometry analyses indicated the presence of a mixture with 81% deacetylated COS and acetylated hexamers. COSs demonstrated no evidence of cytotoxicity upon 2 mg/mL. In addition, COSs showed interesting activity against bacteria and yeasts and a time-dependent parasitic inhibition. Scanning electron microscopy images indicated a parasite aggregation ability of COSs. Thus, the broad biological effect of COSs makes them a promising molecule for the biomedical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara Sousa da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, Brazil;
| | - Nathália Kelly Araújo
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, Brazil; (N.K.A.); (L.D.S.F.); (A.A.S.-J.)
| | - Alessandra Daniele-Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines, Bioscience Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil;
| | | | - Júlia Maria de Medeiros
- Postgraduate Program in Chemical Engineering, Technology Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil;
| | - Renata Mendonça Araújo
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil;
| | - Leandro De Santis Ferreira
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, Brazil; (N.K.A.); (L.D.S.F.); (A.A.S.-J.)
| | | | - Arnóbio Antônio Silva-Junior
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, Brazil; (N.K.A.); (L.D.S.F.); (A.A.S.-J.)
| | - Marcelo Sousa Silva
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, Brazil;
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of Nova Lisboa, 1099-085 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Matheus de Freitas Fernandes-Pedrosa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59012-570, Brazil; (N.K.A.); (L.D.S.F.); (A.A.S.-J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-84-3342-9820
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12
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Barreto SMAG, Cadavid COM, Moura RADO, Silva GMM, de Araújo SVF, da Silva Filho JAA, Rocha HAO, Oliveira RDP, Giordani RB, Ferrari M. In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Activity of Agave sisalana Agro-Industrial Residue. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10101435. [PMID: 33053674 PMCID: PMC7601387 DOI: 10.3390/biom10101435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Agave sisalana agro-industrial residue has considerable potential against damage associated with oxidative stress and skin aging. This study aims to demonstrate, in vitro and in vivo, the potential of Agave sisalana agro-industrial residue as a safe and effective alternative for the prevention of damage caused by oxidative stress and aging. The antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro (total antioxidant capacity, reducing power, DPPH radical scavenging, metal chelating (Fe2+ and Cu2+), and hydroxyl radical scavenging) and in vivo using the Caenorhabditis elegans organism model. The extract showed in vitro antioxidant activity in all tests performed. Tests with C. elegans showed that the extract was able to reduce the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increase the survival rate of worms. A downregulation of gst-4::GFP expression suggests a direct action against free radicals. Agave sisalana agro-industrial residue extract (AsRE) can therefore be considered as a source of antioxidant biomolecules, and the use of this agro-industrial residue in a new production process can lead to sustainability and socioeconomic development.
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13
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Madruga LYC, Sabino RM, Santos ECG, Popat KC, Balaban RDC, Kipper MJ. Carboxymethyl-kappa-carrageenan: A study of biocompatibility, antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 152:483-491. [PMID: 32109473 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.02.274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chemical modification of polysaccharides is an important route to enhance, develop or change polysaccharide properties. In this study, carboxymethylation of kappa-carrageenan (KC) with monochloroacetic acid was performed to achieve different degrees of substitution (DS) of carboxymethyl-kappa-carrageenan (CMKC). The degree of substitution ranged from 0.8 to 1.6 and was calculated from the 1H NMR spectra. The chemical structure of the CMKCs was further characterized by FT-IR, and 13C NMR. FT-IR confirmed the carboxymethylation. Carboxymethylation increased viscosity of KC in water and decreased viscosity of KC in synthetic human sweat. Tests with human adipose derived stem cells showed higher viability and lower cytotoxicity for CMKCs when compared to KC. CMKCs showed no hemolytic activity to human red blood cells. CMKCs have increased antioxidant activity compared to KC. In antibacterial assays, CMKCs with DS of 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2 exhibited growth inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. CMKC with DS ranging from 1.0 to 1.2 are good candidate biomaterials for cell-contacting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liszt Y C Madruga
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil; Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Roberta M Sabino
- School of Advanced Materials Discovery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Elizabeth C G Santos
- Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Ketul C Popat
- School of Advanced Materials Discovery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States; School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Rosangela de C Balaban
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Matt J Kipper
- School of Advanced Materials Discovery, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States; School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States; Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.
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14
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Characterization of a novel multi-domain xylanase from Clostridium clariflavum with application in hydrolysis of corn cobs. Biotechnol Lett 2019; 41:1177-1186. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-019-02721-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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15
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Gallic Acid-Chitosan Conjugate Inhibits the Formation of Calcium Oxalate Crystals. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24112074. [PMID: 31151328 PMCID: PMC6600518 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24112074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It has recently been shown that chitosan (Chit) induces the formation of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals, which are mainly responsible for the appearance of kidney stones, and this might limit the use of Chit in vivo. Here, Chit was conjugated with gallic acid (Chit-Gal) to decrease the formation of CaOx crystal. This conjugation was confirmed by FTIR and NMR analyses. Chit-Gal contains 10.2 ± 1.5 mg GA per g of Chit. Compared to the control group, Chit increased the number of crystals by six-fold, mainly in the number of monohydrated CaOx crystals, which are the most harmful CaOx crystals. In addition, Chit increased the zeta potential (ζ) of CaOx crystals by three-fold, indicating that Chit was associated with the crystals. These alterations were abolished when Chit-gal was used in these tests. As oxidative stress is related to renal calculus formation, Chit and Chit-Gal were also evaluated as antioxidants using total antioxidant Capacity (TAC), reducing power, ferrous chelation, and copper chelation tests. Chit-gal was more efficient antioxidant agent in TAC (2 times), in ferrous chelation (90 times), and in reducing Power (5 times) than Chit. Overall, Chit-gal has higher antioxidant activity than Chit, does not induce the formation of CaOx crystals. Thus, Chit-Gal has potential to be used as a chit substitute.
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16
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Barros-Gomes JAC, Nascimento DLA, Silveira ACR, Silva RK, Gomes DL, Melo KRT, Almeida-Lima J, Camara RBG, Silva NB, Rocha HAO. In Vivo Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity and Protective Action of the Seaweed Gracilaria birdiae. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:9354296. [PMID: 30154951 PMCID: PMC6093003 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9354296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The red seaweed Gracilaria birdiae (GB) is farmed and used as food in northeast Brazil. However, the economic potential of this seaweed has been explored little. To enable direct consumption and/or product diversification from GB, it is necessary to evaluate its effect in vivo. In this study, the food of mice was improved with the addition of GB. After 21 days, the consumption of seaweed reduced the weight gain and blood glucose levels in mice. In addition, it increased the trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity and glutathione reductase and catalase levels compared to those of the control group. In addition, some mice also received carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). In this case, histological, enzymatic, and antioxidant tests showed that the seaweed could protect animals from damage caused by this toxic agent. In addition, GB aqueous extract (AE) inhibited 50% of 3T3-L1 cell differentiation into adipocytes, whereas GB ethanolic extract was not effective. AE is composed mainly of sulfated polysaccharides. The results of the present study indicate that the alga GB protected the mice from CCl4-induced damage, indicating that the seaweed exhibits protective action in vivo. In addition, GB decreased the animal weight gain, which was mainly due to the action of the sulfated polysaccharides synthesized by this seaweed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Angelis Costa Barros-Gomes
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (Biopol), Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Sen. Salgado Filho 3000, 59072970 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Daiany Laise Araújo Nascimento
- Departamento de Nutrição, Centro Universitário do Rio Grande do Norte (UNI-RN), Rua Prefeita Eliane Barros, 2000 Tirol, 59014-545 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Rodrigues Silveira
- Departamento de Nutrição, Centro Universitário do Rio Grande do Norte (UNI-RN), Rua Prefeita Eliane Barros, 2000 Tirol, 59014-545 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Rayanne Kelly Silva
- Departamento de Nutrição, Centro Universitário do Rio Grande do Norte (UNI-RN), Rua Prefeita Eliane Barros, 2000 Tirol, 59014-545 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Dayane Lopes Gomes
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Piauí (IFPI), São Raimundo Nonato, 64.770-000 Piauí, PI, Brazil
| | - Karoline Rachel Teodosio Melo
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (Biopol), Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Sen. Salgado Filho 3000, 59072970 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Jailma Almeida-Lima
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (Biopol), Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Sen. Salgado Filho 3000, 59072970 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Rafael Barros Gomes Camara
- Escola Multicampi de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Cel. Martiniano 541, 59300-00 Caicó, RN, Brazil
| | - Naisandra Bezerra Silva
- Laboratório de Histologia, Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Sen. Salgado Filho 3000, 59072970 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia de Polímeros Naturais (Biopol), Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Sen. Salgado Filho 3000, 59072970 Natal, RN, Brazil
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17
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Yudiati E, Santosa GW, Tontowi MR, Sedjati S, Supriyantini E, Khakimah M. Optimization of alginate alkaline extraction technology from Sargassum polycystum and its antioxidant properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/139/1/012052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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18
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Mayrhofer R, Menanteau-Ledouble S, Pucher J, Focken U, El-Matbouli M. Leaves from banana (Musa nana) and maize (Zea mays) have no phyto-prophylactic effects on the susceptibility of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) to Aeromonas hydrophila infection. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:329. [PMID: 29126413 PMCID: PMC5681769 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1255-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The ubiquitous and opportunistic bacterial pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila has been associated with ulcerative dermatitis in fish, especially under stressful conditions. It can cause severe losses in fresh water aquaculture and is particularly prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. Fresh leaves from maize and bananas have been used as feed supplement by fish farmers in Vietnam and it has been reported that they may have phyto-prophylactic benefits. In the present study, a feeding trial was conducted to investigate the benefits of providing maize and banana leaves as feed supplement: to determine if they were taken up and digested by grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), if this uptake resulted in improved growth performance, and if leaf supplementation protected fish when challenged with A. hydrophila by intramuscular injection. Results All fish were fed an identical ratio of commercial pelleted feed relative to biomass. However, in 12/18 tanks, this diet was supplemented with either fresh banana leaves or fresh maize leaves; offered ad libitum. Addition of leaves increased the overall feed conversion ratio (FCR) significantly. However, if only the pellet were taken into account, then no difference was found between treatments. Changes to the isotopic composition of the fish showed leaf nutrient uptake occurred. No prophylactic effects of feeding banana or maize leaves were detected against infection with A. hydrophila, and the diet did not induce changes in the fish haematocrit. However, addition of the maize leaves was associated with significantly reduced severity of the skin lesions, which could improve the market value of the fish. Conclusions Addition of the leaf supplement did not result in significantly improved growth performance. Similarly, the effect of the supplement on the fish survival to infection was not significant. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-017-1255-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Mayrhofer
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Johannes Pucher
- Life Science Centre, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ulfert Focken
- Thünen-Institute of Fisheries Ecology, Ahrensburg, Germany
| | - Mansour El-Matbouli
- Clinical Division of Fish Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
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19
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Elnahas MO, Amin MA, Hussein MMD, Shanbhag VC, Ali AE, Wall JD. Isolation, Characterization and Bioactivities of an Extracellular Polysaccharide Produced from Streptomyces sp. MOE6. Molecules 2017; 22:E1396. [PMID: 28837108 PMCID: PMC6151578 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A Streptomyces strain was isolated from soil and the sequence of 1471 nucleotides of its 16S rDNA showed 99% identity to Streptomyces sp. HV10. This newly isolated Streptomyces strain produced an extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) composed mainly of glucose and mannose in a ratio of 1:4.1, as was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), HPLC and ¹H-NMR. The antioxidant activities of the partially purified MOE6-EPS were determined by measuring the hydroxyl free radical scavenging activity and the scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. In addition, the partially purified MOE6-EPS showed high ferrous ion (Fe2+) chelation activity which is another antioxidant activity. Interestingly, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays that were colorimetric assays for NAD(P)H-dependent cellular oxidoreductases and a proxy of the number of viable cells, showed that the partially purified MOE6-EPS inhibited the proliferation of the human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231). The scratch wound assay showed that MOE6-EPS reduced the migration of mouse breast cancer cells (4T1). This study reports the production of EPS from Streptomyces species with promising antioxidant, metal chelating and mammalian cell inhibitory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa O Elnahas
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
- Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, National Research Center, Cairo 12622, Egypt.
| | - Magdy A Amin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed M D Hussein
- Department of Chemistry of Natural and Microbial Products, National Research Center, Cairo 12622, Egypt.
| | - Vinit C Shanbhag
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - Amal E Ali
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Judy D Wall
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC Exhibits an Anti-Adipogenic Effect by Inhibiting the Expression of Proteins Involved in Adipocyte Differentiation. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22060972. [PMID: 28604636 PMCID: PMC6152623 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22060972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC (gorse) is a plant popularly used for the treatment of obesity. In this study, we prepared three B. trimera extracts aqueous extract (AE), decoction (AE-D), and methanol extract (ME) and investigated their antioxidant effects in six different tests and their anti-adipogenic effect in 3T3-L1 cells. The extracts showed a dose-dependent antioxidant activity in all tests. AE was the most potent antioxidant in copper and ferric ion chelation assays, whereas AE-D was the most potent in superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays, reducing power assay, and total antioxidant capacity analysis. Only ME showed a cytotoxic effect against 3T3-L1 cells. Lipid accumulation decreased in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in the presence of AE and AE-D extracts (0.5 to 1.0 mg/mL). In addition, the extracts dramatically attenuated the levels of adipogenic transcriptional factors, including CCAAT enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), CCAAT enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ), and gamma receptors by peroxisome proliferators (PPARγ), during adipogenesis. AE-D (1.0 mg/mL) caused an approximately 90% reduction in the levels of these molecules. We propose that B. trimera has an anti-adipogenic effect and could be used in the development of functional foods.
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Trabelsi L, Mnari A, Abdel-Daim MM, Abid-Essafi S, Aleya L. Therapeutic properties in Tunisian hot springs: first evidence of phenolic compounds in the cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya sp. biomass, capsular polysaccharides and releasing polysaccharides. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:515. [PMID: 27964734 PMCID: PMC5153682 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1492-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Tunisia, the use of hot spring waters for both health and recreation is a tradition dating back to Roman times. In fact, thermal baths, usually called "Hammam" are recommended as a therapeutic and prophylactic measure against many types of illness and toxicity. While the chemical concentration of thermal water is admittedly associated with its therapeutic effects, the inclusion in spa waters of efficient bioproduct additives produced by photosynthetic microorganisms and that act against oxidative stress may comprise a significant supplementary value for thermal centers. The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant potential of the Tunisian thermophilic cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya sp. and to determine its phytochemical constituents and phenolic profile. METHODS BME (Biomass Methanolic Extract), CME (Capsular polysaccharides Methanolic Extract) and RME (Releasing polysaccharides Methanolic Extract) of Leptolyngbya sp. were examined for their antioxidant activities by means of DPPH, hydroxyl radical scavenging and ferrous ion chelating assays. Their total phenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, Mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) and vitamin C contents, as well as their phenolic profiles were also determined. RESULTS BME has the highest content of phenols (139 ± 1.2 mg/g), flavonoids (34.9 ± 0.32 mg CEQ/g), carotenoids (2.03 ± 0.56 mg/g) and vitamin C (15.7 ± 1.55 mg/g), while the highest MAAs content (0.42 ± 0.03 mg/g) was observed in CME. BME presented both the highest DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging ability with an IC50 of 0.07 and 0.38 mg/ml, respectively. The highest ferrous chelating capacity was detected in CME with an IC50 = 0.59 mg/ml. Phenolic profiles revealed the presence of 25 phenolic compounds with the existence of hydroxytyrosol, oleuropein, resveratrol and pinoresinol. CONCLUSION The study demonstrated that the cyanobacterium Leptolyngbya sp. possesses abundant natural antioxidant products which may have prophylactic and therapeutic effects on many types of illness and toxicity. The present findings not only explain and reinforce the rationale behind traditional therapeutic practices in Tunisia in the exploitation of the country's hot springs, but support the addition of Leptolyngbya to thermal waters as a means to enhance the value and reputation of the curative nature of Tunisian thermal waters.
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Daniele-Silva A, Machado RJ, Monteiro NK, Estrela AB, Santos EC, Carvalho E, Araújo Júnior RF, Melo-Silveira RF, Rocha HAO, Silva-Júnior AA, Fernandes-Pedrosa MF. Stigmurin and TsAP-2 from Tityus stigmurus scorpion venom: Assessment of structure and therapeutic potential in experimental sepsis. Toxicon 2016; 121:10-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Soeiro VC, Melo KRT, Alves MGCF, Medeiros MJC, Grilo MLPM, Almeida-Lima J, Pontes DL, Costa LS, Rocha HAO. Dextran: Influence of Molecular Weight in Antioxidant Properties and Immunomodulatory Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1340. [PMID: 27548151 PMCID: PMC5000737 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dextrans (α-d-glucans) extracted from Leuconostoc mesenteroides, with molecular weights (MW) of 10 (D10), 40 (D40) and 147 (D147) kDa, were evaluated as antioxidant, anticoagulant and immunomodulatory drugs for the first time. None presented anticoagulant activity. As for the antioxidant and immunomodulatory tests, a specific test showed an increase in the dextran activity that was proportional to the increase in molecular weight. In a different assay, however, activity decreased or showed no correlation to the MW. As an example, the reducing power assay showed that D147 was twice as potent as other dextrans. On the other hand, all three samples showed similar activity (50%) when it came to scavenging the OH radical, whereas only the D10 sample showed sharp activity (50%) when it came to scavenging the superoxide ion. D40 was the single dextran that presented with immunomodulatory features since it stimulated the proliferation (~50%) of murine macrophages (RAW 264.7) and decreased the release of nitric oxide (~40%) by the cells, both in the absence and presence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). In addition, D40 showed a greater scavenging activity (50%) for the hydrogen peroxide, which caused it to also be the more potent dextran when it came to inhibiting lipid peroxidation (70%). These points toward dextrans with a 40 kDa weight as being ideal for antioxidant and immunomodulatory use. However, future studies with the D40 and other similarly 40 kDa dextrans are underway to confirm this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius C Soeiro
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Salgado Filho 3000, Natal-RN 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Karoline R T Melo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Salgado Filho 3000, Natal-RN 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Monique G C F Alves
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Salgado Filho 3000, Natal-RN 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Mayara J C Medeiros
- Instituto de Química (IQ), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Salgado Filho 3000, Natal-RN 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Maria L P M Grilo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Salgado Filho 3000, Natal-RN 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Jailma Almeida-Lima
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Salgado Filho 3000, Natal-RN 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Daniel L Pontes
- Instituto de Química (IQ), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Salgado Filho 3000, Natal-RN 59078-970, Brazil.
| | - Leandro S Costa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Salgado Filho 3000, Natal-RN 59078-970, Brazil.
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência a Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte (IFRN), Av. Planalto, Km 406-Planalto, Ceará-Mirim-RN 59580-000, Brazil.
| | - Hugo A O Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Salgado Filho 3000, Natal-RN 59078-970, Brazil.
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Trabelsi L, Chaieb O, Mnari A, Abid-Essafi S, Aleya L. Partial characterization and antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of the aqueous extracellular polysaccharides from the thermophilic microalgae Graesiella sp. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:210. [PMID: 27405739 PMCID: PMC4942953 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For thousands of years, Tunisian geothermal water has been used in bathing. Indeed, thermal baths "Hammam" were recommended in the treatment of different type of illnesses as, for instance, for relaxing joints and soothing. The ability of microalgae to sustain at the high temperature makes them potential producers of high value thermostable bio-products. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of the aqueous extracellular polysaccharides (AEPS) of the Tunisian thermophilic microalgae Graesiella sp. and to evaluate its physico-chemical characteristics. METHODS Different parameters were used to characterize the AEPS. The dry weight, volatile dry weight, elemental analysis, monosaccharide composition and IR-spectroscopy analysis. Carbohydrate, uronic acid, ester sulfate and protein concentrations were also determined using colorimetric assay. AEPS was analyzed for its antioxidant propriety by means of total antioxidant capacity, DPPH radicals scavenging assay, ferrous chelating ability and hydroxyl and superoxide radical scavenging activity. The antiproliferative activity of AEPS was evaluated for HepG2 and Caco-2 cells using the MTT assay. RESULTS The Graesiella sp. AEPS is found to be a hetero-sulfated-anionic polysaccharides that contain carbohydrate (52 %), uronic acids (23 %), ester sulfate (11 %) and protein (12 %). The carbohydrate fraction was formed by eight neutral sugars glucose, galactose, mannose, fucose, rhamnose, xylose, arabinose and ribose. The FT-IR revealed the presence of carboxyl, hydroxyl, amine and sulfate groups. AEPS showed high activity as reducing agent, high ferrous chelating capacity and caused a significant decrease in a concentration-dependent manner of hydroxyl radical. A moderate DPPH scavenging activity and a poor superoxide radical scavenging ability were also observed. AEPS treatment (from 0.01 to 2.5 mg/ml) caused also a clear decrease of cell viabilities in a dose-dependent manner. The IC50 values obtained in HepG2 and Caco-2 cells were 1.06 mg/ml and 0.3 mg/ml respectively. CONCLUSIONS This study evidenced that the Graesiella sp. AEPS exhibits antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. The biological activities of this extract depend on its fine structural features. Further work will identify and purify the active polysaccharides to enhance our understanding of their complete structure and relationships with its function.
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Kelishomi ZH, Goliaei B, Mahdavi H, Nikoofar A, Rahimi M, Moosavi-Movahedi AA, Mamashli F, Bigdeli B. Antioxidant activity of low molecular weight alginate produced by thermal treatment. Food Chem 2016; 196:897-902. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.09.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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