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Dembitsky VM. Naturally Occurring Norsteroids and Their Design and Pharmaceutical Application. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1021. [PMID: 38790983 PMCID: PMC11117879 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12051021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The main focus of this review is to introduce readers to the fascinating class of lipid molecules known as norsteroids, exploring their distribution across various biotopes and their biological activities. The review provides an in-depth analysis of various modified steroids, including A, B, C, and D-norsteroids, each characterized by distinct structural alterations. These modifications, which range from the removal of specific methyl groups to changes in the steroid core, result in unique molecular architectures that significantly impact their biological activity and therapeutic potential. The discussion on A, B, C, and D-norsteroids sheds light on their unique configurations and how these structural modifications influence their pharmacological properties. The review also presents examples from natural sources that produce a diverse array of steroids with distinct structures, including the aforementioned A, B, C, and D-nor variants. These compounds are sourced from marine organisms like sponges, soft corals, and starfish, as well as terrestrial entities such as plants, fungi, and bacteria. The exploration of these steroids encompasses their biosynthesis, ecological significance, and potential medical applications, highlighting a crucial area of interest in pharmacology and natural product chemistry. The review emphasizes the importance of researching these steroids for drug development, particularly in addressing diseases where conventional medications are inadequate or for conditions lacking sufficient therapeutic options. Examples of norsteroid synthesis are provided to illustrate the practical applications of this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery M Dembitsky
- Centre for Applied Research, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Lethbridge College, 3000 College Drive South, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6, Canada
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Zhang X, Li W, Zuo X, Tan B, Xu C, Zhang S. Investigating the inhibitive effect of Davidia involucrata leaf extract as a biological eco-friendly inhibitor for copper in acidic medium. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.115214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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3
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Phytochemical investigation on the fruits of Camptotheca acuminata and their chemotaxonomic significance. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2020.104169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Abreu LS, do Nascimento YM, Costa RDS, Guedes MLS, Souza BNRF, Pena LJ, Costa VCDO, Scotti MT, Braz-Filho R, Barbosa-Filho JM, da Silva MS, Velozo EDS, Tavares JF. Tri- and Diterpenoids from Stillingia loranthacea as Inhibitors of Zika Virus Replication. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:2721-2730. [PMID: 31599155 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
This study represents the first phytochemical analysis of Stillingia loranthacea (S. loranthacea) and describes new terpenoids obtained from the root bark of this species. The fractionation of the hexane extract from the root bark led to the isolation of two new 28-nor-taraxarenes derivatives, loranthones A and B (1 and 2), four new tigliane diterpenes (5-8), three known tigliane diterpenes (9-11), and three known flexibilene diterpenes, tonantzitlolones A-C (12-14). The investigation of these compounds and the use of a molecular networking-based prioritization approach afforded two other new 28-nor-taraxarenes, loranthones C and D (3 and 4). The cytotoxicity of compounds 1, 2, and 5-14 was evaluated against Vero cells, and their 20% cytotoxic concentration (CC20) values varied from 8.7 to 328 μM; antiviral activity was tested against an epidemic Zika virus (ZIKV) strain circulating in Brazil. Six out of 12 compounds (2, 5, 9-11, and 14) exhibited significant antiviral effects against ZIKV. Specifically, compounds 2 and 5 offered the most promise as lead compounds as they had a 1.7 and 1.8 log10 TCID50/mL reduction in ZIKV replication, respectively. Together, the present findings have identified S. loranthacea terpenoids as potent anti-ZIKV inhibitors and pave the way to the development of possible new treatments against this devastating pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Silva Abreu
- Institute for Research in Pharmaceuticals and Medications , Federal University of Paraíba , João Pessoa 58051-900 , Brazil
| | - Yuri Mangueira do Nascimento
- Institute for Research in Pharmaceuticals and Medications , Federal University of Paraíba , João Pessoa 58051-900 , Brazil
| | - Rafael Dos Santos Costa
- Research Laboratory in Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy , Federal University of Bahia , Salvador 40170-290 , Brazil
| | | | | | - Lindomar José Pena
- Department of Virology , Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) , Recife 50740-465 , Brazil
| | | | - Marcus Tullius Scotti
- Institute for Research in Pharmaceuticals and Medications , Federal University of Paraíba , João Pessoa 58051-900 , Brazil
| | - Raimundo Braz-Filho
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry , Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro , Seropédica 23890-000 , Brazil
| | - José Maria Barbosa-Filho
- Institute for Research in Pharmaceuticals and Medications , Federal University of Paraíba , João Pessoa 58051-900 , Brazil
| | - Marcelo Sobral da Silva
- Institute for Research in Pharmaceuticals and Medications , Federal University of Paraíba , João Pessoa 58051-900 , Brazil
| | - Eudes da Silva Velozo
- Research Laboratory in Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy , Federal University of Bahia , Salvador 40170-290 , Brazil
| | - Josean Fechine Tavares
- Institute for Research in Pharmaceuticals and Medications , Federal University of Paraíba , João Pessoa 58051-900 , Brazil
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Abstract
Covering 2014. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2017, 34, 90-122 This review covers the isolation and structure determination of triterpenoids reported during 2014 including squalene derivatives, lanostanes, holostanes, cycloartanes, cucurbitanes, dammaranes, euphanes, tirucallanes, tetranortriterpenoids, quassinoids, lupanes, oleananes, friedelanes, ursanes, hopanes, serratanes, isomalabaricanes and saponins; 374 references are cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Hill
- School of Chemistry, Glasgow University, Glasgow, UK G12 8QQ.
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Shimozu Y, Kimura Y, Esumi A, Aoyama H, Kuroda T, Sakagami H, Hatano T. Ellagitannins of Davidia involucrata. I. Structure of Davicratinic Acid A and Effects of Davidia Tannins on Drug-Resistant Bacteria and Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Molecules 2017; 22:E470. [PMID: 28294988 PMCID: PMC6155176 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We isolated a new ellagitannin, davicratinic acid A (5), together with four known ellagitannins, davidiin (1), granatin A (2), pedunculagin (3), and 3-O-galloylgranatin A (4), from an aqueous acetone extract of dried Davidia involucrata leaves. The known ellagitannins were identified based on spectroscopic data. The structure of davicratinic acid A (5), a monomeric ellagitannin possessing a unique, skew-boat glucopyranose core, was established based on spectroscopic data. Additionally, we examined the effects of several tannins with good yields from this plant on drug-resistant bacteria and human oral squamous cell carcinomas, and found that davidiin (1) exhibited the most potent antibacterial and antitumor properties among the tannins examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Shimozu
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Yuriko Kimura
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Akari Esumi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Hiroe Aoyama
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Teruo Kuroda
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Sakagami
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Sciences, School of Dentistry, Meikai University, Saitama 350-0283, Japan.
| | - Tsutomu Hatano
- Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
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Abstract
Dove tree,Davidia involucrataBaill. which is endemic in western China, is not only one of the best known relict species of the tertiary, but also a famous ornamental plant with dove-shaped flowers. A diverse array of secondary metabolites have been isolated and identified fromDavidia involucrata. The 58 structures of the secondary metabolites were presented and classified as triterpenoids, tannins, phenolic compounds, lignans, flavonoids, alkaloids, and sterol. In addition, the biosynthetic route of some triterpenoids was proposed. Moreover, the advances in the discovery of unprecedented compounds and uncovering of notable bioactivities were highlighted in this review.
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