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Freitas M, Ribeiro D, Janela JS, Varela CL, Costa SC, da Silva ET, Fernandes E, Roleira FMF. Plant-derived and dietary phenolic cinnamic acid derivatives: Anti-inflammatory properties. Food Chem 2024; 459:140080. [PMID: 38986205 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Cinnamic acids are aromatic acids primarily found in plants and plant-derived food. Phenolic cinnamic acids, with one or more hydroxyl groups in the aromatic ring, often contribute to the biological activities attributed to these compounds. The presence of hydroxyl groups and a carboxyl group makes cinnamic acids very hydrophilic, preventing them from crossing biological membranes and exerting their biological activities. To alleviate this condition, a panel of synthetic modifications have been made leading to a diverse set of phenolic cinnamic structures. In this review, an overview of the natural phenolic cinnamic acid derivatives and their plant sources (more than 200) is described. The synthetic approaches to obtain the referred derivatives (more than 200) namely esters and amides are reviewed. Further, their anti-inflammatory activity (more than 70 compounds) is scrutinized. Finally, future directions will be indicated to translate the research on phenolic cinnamic derivatives into potentially effective anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Freitas
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Daniela Ribeiro
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e do Ambiente da Universidade dos Açores, Portugal.
| | - João S Janela
- Univ Coimbra, CERES, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Carla L Varela
- Univ Coimbra, CERES, Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Clinic Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Saul C Costa
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Elisiário Tavares da Silva
- Univ Coimbra, CERES, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Fernanda M F Roleira
- Univ Coimbra, CERES, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Ma L, Liu C, Zhao Y, Liu M, Liu Y, Zhang H, Yang S, An J, Tian Y, Cao Y, Qu G, Song S, Cao Q. Anti-pulmonary fibrosis activity analysis of methyl rosmarinate obtained from Salvia castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib. using a scalable process. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1374669. [PMID: 38895626 PMCID: PMC11183283 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1374669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive, irreversible, chronic interstitial lung disease associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Current clinical drugs, while effective, do not reverse or cure pulmonary fibrosis and have major side effects, there are urgent needs to develop new anti-pulmonary fibrosis medicine, and corresponding industrially scalable process as well. Salvia castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib., a unique herb in Nyingchi, Xizang, China, is a variant of S. castanea. and its main active ingredient is rosmarinic acid (RA), which can be used to prepare methyl rosmarinate (MR) with greater drug potential. This study presented an industrially scalable process for the preparation of MR, which includes steps such as polyamide resin chromatography, crystallization and esterification, using S. castanea Diels f. tomentosa Stib. as the starting material and the structure of the product was verified by NMR technology. The anti-pulmonary fibrosis effects of MR were further investigated in vivo and in vitro. Results showed that this process can easily obtain high-purity RA and MR, and MR attenuated bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. In vitro, MR could effectively inhibit TGF-β1-induced proliferation and migration of mouse fibroblasts L929 cells, promote cell apoptosis, and decrease extracellular matrix accumulation thereby suppressing progressive pulmonary fibrosis. The anti-fibrosis effect of MR was stronger than that of the prodrug RA. Further study confirmed that MR could retard pulmonary fibrosis by down-regulating the phosphorylation of the TGF-β1/Smad and MAPK signaling pathways. These results suggest that MR has potential therapeutic implications for pulmonary fibrosis, and the establishment of this scalable preparation technology ensures the development of MR as a new anti-pulmonary fibrosis medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | | | | | - Mengke Liu
- Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Yunyi Liu
- Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | | | - Shude Yang
- Department of Edible Mushrooms, School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Shandong, China
| | - Jing An
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Health, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA, United States
| | | | | | - Guiwu Qu
- Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Shuling Song
- Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Functional Crop Germplasm Innovation and Cultivation Utilization, Shandong, China
| | - Qizhi Cao
- Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
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Yang H, Yu C, Yin Z, Guan P, Jin S, Wang Y, Feng X. Curcumin: a potential exogenous additive for the prevention of LPS-induced duck ileitis by the alleviation of inflammation and oxidative stress. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:1550-1560. [PMID: 36208473 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are the main pathogenic substances in Gram-negative bacteria. The aim of this study was to investigate the preventive effects of dietary curcumin (CUR) on LPS toxicity in the duck ileum. The duck diet was supplemented with CUR (0.5 g kg-1 ) for 28 days, while the birds were injected with LPS (0.5 mg kg-1 body weight per injection, administered as seven injections in the last week of the experimental period). RESULTS LPS significantly decreased the ileal villus-to-crypt ratio in the non-supplemented CUR group. Dietary CUR alleviated LPS-induced morphological damage to the ileum. Moreover, dietary CUR alleviated oxidative stress by increasing the levels of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) (P < 0.05) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) (P < 0.05) and decreasing the production of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) (P < 0.05) in control ducks and LPS-challenged ducks. Dietary CUR significantly inhibited the LPS-induced massive production of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) (P < 0.05). CUR induced the inhibition of TLR4 and activation of Nrf2 to reduce the expression of inflammation-related genes (TLR4, NF-κB, IKK, TXNIP, NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α). Moreover, dietary CUR ameliorated the decrease in claudin-1 and occludin expression (P < 0.05) and improved ZO-1 expression in the duck ileum (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In conclusion, dietary CUR has beneficial effects on LPS-induced ileal damage, oxidative damage, and inflammatory response by inhibiting the TLR/NF-κB and activating the Nrf2 signaling pathways in ducks. This study provides valuable information regarding the therapeutic uses of CUR in duck ileitis. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chunting Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zesheng Yin
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Peiyue Guan
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Sanjun Jin
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xingjun Feng
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Stegnjaić G, Lazarević M, Diamantis D, Djedović N, Jevtić B, Stanisavljević S, Dimitrijević M, Momčilović M, Tzakos AG, Miljković Đ. Phenethyl ester of rosmarinic acid ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Immunol Lett 2022; 251-252:9-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Koprivica I, Jonić N, Diamantis D, Gajić D, Saksida T, Pejnović N, Tzakos AG, Stojanović I. Phenethyl ester of rosmarinic acid attenuates autoimmune responses during type 1 diabetes development in mice. Life Sci 2022; 288:120184. [PMID: 34838848 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a polyphenol that occurs in plants of the Lamiaceae family. Phenethyl ester of RA (PERA), a novel RA derivative, has been developed and evaluated in vivo in an animal model of type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS T1D was induced in male C57BL/6 mice using multiple low doses of streptozotocin (STZ) administered intraperitoneally for 5 consecutive days. Intraperitoneal administration of PERA (2.5 mg/kg bw) began from the first STZ injection and continued for 20 days. KEY FINDINGS PERA-treated mice exhibited lower incidence of T1D (monitored up to 38 days from the disease induction), and fluorescent histochemical analysis showed that their pancreatic islets expressed more insulin. PERA treatment significantly down-regulated the proportions of CD11b+ and CD11c+ myeloid cells in the immune cell infiltrates in the pancreatic islets early during T1D pathogenesis (on day 9 after T1D induction), while on day 15, PERA significantly reduced the proportions of CD11c+, CD8+, Th1 and Th17 cells. Simultaneously, it was found that the cells from the pancreatic infiltrates of PERA-treated mice produced significantly less reactive oxygen species than cells from the control group. SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that PERA efficiently prevented T1D development in mice. Interestingly, PERA attenuated the inflammatory process in the islets through temporally specific interference with the innate and adaptive immune response and therefore shows great promise for further clinical evaluation as a novel T1D therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Koprivica
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Natalija Jonić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dimitris Diamantis
- Section of Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dragica Gajić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Saksida
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nada Pejnović
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andreas G Tzakos
- Section of Organic Chemistry & Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ivana Stojanović
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Dracocephalum moldavica Ethanol Extract Suppresses LPS-Induced Inflammatory Responses through Inhibition of the JNK/ERK/NF-κB Signaling Pathway and IL-6 Production in RAW 264.7 Macrophages and in Endotoxic-Treated Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124501. [PMID: 34960054 PMCID: PMC8706341 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The excessive synthesis of interleukin-6 (IL-6) is related to cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients. Moreover, blocking IL-6 has been suggested as a treatment strategy for inflammatory diseases such as sepsis. Sepsis is a severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome with high mortality. In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and anti-septic effects and the underlying mechanisms of Dracocephalum moldavica ethanol extract (DMEE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory stimulation in RAW 264.7 macrophages along with septic mouse models. We found that DMEE suppressed the release of inflammatory mediators NO and PGE2 and inhibited both the mRNA and protein expression levels of iNOS and COX-2, respectively. In addition, DMEE reduced the release of proinflammatory cytokines, mainly IL-6 and IL-1β, in RAW 264.7 cells by inhibiting the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK and p65. Furthermore, treatment with DMEE increased the survival rate and decreased the level of IL-6 in plasma in LPS-induced septic shock mice. Our findings suggest that DMEE elicits an anti-inflammatory effect in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and an anti-septic effect on septic mouse model through the inhibition of the ERK/JNK/NF-κB signaling cascades and production of IL-6.
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Zuo G, Je KH, Guillen Quispe YN, Shin KO, Kim HY, Kim KH, Arce PHG, Lim SS. Separation and Identification of Antioxidants and Aldose Reductase Inhibitors in Lepechinia meyenii (Walp.) Epling. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122773. [PMID: 34961244 PMCID: PMC8707451 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that Lepechinia meyenii (Walp.) Epling has antioxidant and aldose reductase (AR) inhibitory activities. In this study, L. meyenii was extracted in a 50% MeOH and CH2Cl2/MeOH system. The active extracts of MeOH and 50% MeOH were subjected to fractionation, followed by separation using high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) and preparative HPLC. Separation and identification revealed the presence of caffeic acid, hesperidin, rosmarinic acid, diosmin, methyl rosmarinate, diosmetin, and butyl rosmarinate. Of these, rosmarinic acid, methyl rosmarinate, and butyl rosmarinate possessed remarkable antioxidant and AR inhibitory activities. The other compounds were less active. In particular, rosmarinic acid is the key contributor to the antioxidant and AR inhibitory activities of L. meyenii; it is rich in the MeOH extract (333.84 mg/g) and 50% MeOH extract (135.41 mg/g) of L. meyenii and is especially abundant in the EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions (373.71-804.07 mg/g) of the MeOH and 50% MeOH extracts. The results clarified the basis of antioxidant and AR inhibitory activity of L. meyenii, adding scientific evidence supporting its traditional use as an anti-diabetic herbal medicine. The HSCCC separation method established in this study can be used for the preparative separation of rosmarinic acid from natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglei Zuo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (G.Z.); (K.-O.S.); (H.Y.K.); (K.H.K.)
| | - Kang-Hoon Je
- Institute of Korean Nutrition, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Korea;
| | - Yanymee N. Guillen Quispe
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151742, Korea;
| | - Kyong-Oh Shin
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (G.Z.); (K.-O.S.); (H.Y.K.); (K.H.K.)
| | - Hyun Yong Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (G.Z.); (K.-O.S.); (H.Y.K.); (K.H.K.)
| | - Kang Hyuk Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (G.Z.); (K.-O.S.); (H.Y.K.); (K.H.K.)
| | - Paul H. Gonzales Arce
- Laboratorio de Florística, Departamento de Dicotiledóneas, Museo de Historia Natural—Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Avenida Arenales 1256, Lima 14-0434, Peru;
| | - Soon Sung Lim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (G.Z.); (K.-O.S.); (H.Y.K.); (K.H.K.)
- Institute of Korean Nutrition, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Korea;
- Institute of Natural Medicine, Hallym University, 1 Hallymdeahak-gil, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-248-2133; Fax: +82-33-256-3420
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Tantipaiboonwong P, Chaiwangyen W, Suttajit M, Kangwan N, Kaowinn S, Khanaree C, Punfa W, Pintha K. Molecular Mechanism of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Perilla Seed Oil and Rosmarinic Acid Rich Fraction Extracted from Perilla Seed Meal on TNF-α Induced A549 Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:6757. [PMID: 34833849 PMCID: PMC8622939 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Industrially, after the removal of oil from perilla seeds (PS) by screw-type compression, the large quantities of residual perilla seed meal (PSM) becomes non-valuable waste. Therefore, to increase the health value and price of PS and PSM, we focused on the biological effects of perilla seed oil (PSO) and rosmarinic acid-rich fraction (RA-RF) extracted from PSM for their role in preventing oxidative stress and inflammation caused by TNF-α exposure in an A549 lung adenocarcinoma culture model. The A549 cells were pretreated with PSO or RA-RF and followed by TNF-α treatment. We found that PSO and RA-RF were not toxic to TNF-α-induced A549 cells. Both extracts significantly decreased the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in this cell line. The mRNA expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and COX-2 were significantly decreased by the treatment of PSO and RA-RF. The Western blot indicated that the expression of MnSOD, FOXO1, and NF-κB and phosphorylation of JNK were also significantly diminished by PSO and RA-RF treatment. The results demonstrated that PSO and RA-RF act as antioxidants to scavenge TNF-α induced ROS levels, resulting in decreased the expression of MnSOD, FOXO1, NF-κB and JNK signaling pathway in a human lung cell culture exposed to TNF-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payungsak Tantipaiboonwong
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; (P.T.); (W.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Wittaya Chaiwangyen
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; (P.T.); (W.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Maitree Suttajit
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; (P.T.); (W.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Napapan Kangwan
- Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand;
| | - Sirichat Kaowinn
- Department of General Science and Liberal Arts, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Prince of Chumphon Campus, Pathiu, Chumphon 86160, Thailand;
| | - Chakkrit Khanaree
- School of Traditional and Alternative Medicine, Chiang Rai Rajabhat University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand; (C.K.); (W.P.)
| | - Wanisa Punfa
- School of Traditional and Alternative Medicine, Chiang Rai Rajabhat University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand; (C.K.); (W.P.)
| | - Komsak Pintha
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand; (P.T.); (W.C.); (M.S.)
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Hassanzadeh-Taheri M, Ahmadi-Zohan A, Mohammadifard M, Hosseini M. Rosmarinic acid attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in rats. J Chem Neuroanat 2021; 117:102008. [PMID: 34314849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.102008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
It has been recently demonstrated that rosmarinic acid (RA) through modulation in the amyloidogenic pathway exhibit neuroprotective potential in Alzheimer's disease. However, its effects on non-amyloidogenic pathways such as neuroinflammation (NI) and oxidative stress have not been elucidated carefully. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the effect of RA on cognitive function, cortical and hippocampal oxidant-antioxidant balance, and proinflammatory cytokines production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NI in rats. NI was induced by intracerebroventricular injection of LPS (50 μg/20 μL; 10 μL into each ventricle) in Wistar rats. RA (25 and 50 mg/kg.) was intraperitoneally administrated to the experimental groups 30 min before the LPS injection and continued once per day for seven days. Cognitive function was investigated by the Y-maze test, and the production of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers were evaluated in their hippocampi (HIP) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). In addition, neuronal damage was evaluated in the HIP subfields histologically. The RA administration could alleviate cognitive impairments caused by NI in LPS-treated rats as evidenced by improved working memory and attenuated neuronal injury in the HIP subfields. RA treatment in a dose-dependent manner prevented the overproduction of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and IL-6 in both the HIP and PFC. RA significantly alleviated the HIP and PFC levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NOx) and enhanced the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. These findings demonstrated that RA could also exert its neuroprotective effects by modulating non-amyloidogenic pathways such as inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadmehdi Hassanzadeh-Taheri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran; Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran
| | - Atiyeh Ahmadi-Zohan
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran
| | - Mahtab Mohammadifard
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran
| | - Mehran Hosseini
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran; Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand 9717853577, Iran.
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Kim M, Kim JY, Yang HS, Choe JS, Hwang IG. Nepetoidin B from Salvia plebeia R. Br. Inhibits Inflammation by Modulating the NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathways in Macrophage Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081208. [PMID: 34439456 PMCID: PMC8388923 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvia plebeia has been used to treat a variety of inflammatory diseases, as well as colds and bronchitis. Macrophages have antioxidant defense mechanisms to cope with the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced as part of the immune response. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase (HO)-1 pathway in inflamed macrophages is an appealing target due to its protective effect against ROS-induced cell damage. In this study, nepetoidin B (NeB) was first isolated from S. plebeia and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. NeB reduced pro-inflammatory mediators (nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2) and cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β) in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. In the NeB-treated group, catalase and superoxide dismutase levels were significantly higher, and ROS expression decreased. By activating Nrf2 signaling, NeB enhanced HO-1 expression. Furthermore, when the cells were pretreated with tin protoporphyrin (an HO-1 inhibitor), the anti-inflammatory effects of NeB were reduced. Therefore, NeB may activate the Nrf2/ HO-1 pathway. These results reveal the NeB isolated from S. plebeia exerts anti-inflammatory effects by modulating NF-κB signaling and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells.
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Amraie E, Pouraboli I, Rajaei Z. Neuroprotective effects of Levisticum officinale on LPS-induced spatial learning and memory impairments through neurotrophic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Food Funct 2021; 11:6608-6621. [PMID: 32648872 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01030h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Levisticum officinale (Apiaceae) has been identified as a medicinal plant in traditional medicine, with the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticholinesterase activities. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of Levisticum officinale extract (LOE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced learning and memory deficits and to examine its potential mechanisms. LOE was administered to adult male Wistar rats at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg kg-1 for a week. Later, LPS was intraperitoneally injected at a dose of 1 mg kg-1 to induce neuroinflammation, and treatment with LOE continued for 3 more weeks. Behavioral, biochemical, and molecular analyses were performed at the end of the experiment. Moreover, quantitative immunohistochemical assessments of the expression of Ki-67 (intracellular proliferation marker) in the hippocampus were performed. The results revealed that LPS injection caused spatial memory impairment in the rats. Daily LOE treatment at applied doses for 4 weeks attenuated spatial learning and memory deficits in LPS-injected rats. Furthermore, LPS significantly increased the mRNA expression level of interleukin-6 in the hippocampus, which was accompanied by decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA expression levels. Moreover, LPS increased the levels of malondialdehyde, reduced the antioxidant enzyme activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase in the hippocampus, and impaired neurogenesis. However, pre-treatment with LOE at a dose of 100 mg kg-1 significantly reversed the LPS-induced changes, and improved neurogenesis. In conclusion, the beneficial effect of LOE on the improvement of learning and memory could be attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, along with its ability to increase BDNF expression and neurogenesis in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeil Amraie
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Iran Pouraboli
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ziba Rajaei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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12
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Lee GH, Kim JY, Jin SW, Pham TH, Park JS, Kim CY, Choi JH, Han EH, Kim YH, Jeong HG. Impressic Acid Attenuates the Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response by Activating the AMPK/GSK3β/Nrf2 Axis in RAW264.7 Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020762. [PMID: 33466670 PMCID: PMC7828816 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases are caused by excessive inflammation from pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines produced by macrophages. The Nrf2 signaling pathway protects against inflammatory diseases by inhibiting excessive inflammation via the regulation of antioxidant enzymes, including HO-1 and NQO1. We investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of impressic acid (IPA) isolated from Acanthopanax koreanum on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation and the underlying molecular mechanisms in RAW264.7 cells. IPA attenuated the LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species, and the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. IPA also increased the protein levels of Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 by phosphorylating CaMKKβ, AMPK, and GSK3β. Furthermore, ML385, an Nrf2 inhibitor, reversed the inhibitory effect of IPA on LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in RAW264.7 cells. Therefore, IPA exerts an anti-inflammatory effect via the AMPK/GSK3β/Nrf2 signaling pathway in macrophages. Taken together, the findings suggest that IPA has preventive potential for inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Ho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (G.H.L.); (J.Y.K.); (S.W.J.); (T.H.P.); (J.S.P.); (C.Y.K.); (J.H.C.); (Y.H.K.)
| | - Ji Yeon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (G.H.L.); (J.Y.K.); (S.W.J.); (T.H.P.); (J.S.P.); (C.Y.K.); (J.H.C.); (Y.H.K.)
| | - Sun Woo Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (G.H.L.); (J.Y.K.); (S.W.J.); (T.H.P.); (J.S.P.); (C.Y.K.); (J.H.C.); (Y.H.K.)
| | - Thi Hoa Pham
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (G.H.L.); (J.Y.K.); (S.W.J.); (T.H.P.); (J.S.P.); (C.Y.K.); (J.H.C.); (Y.H.K.)
| | - Jin Song Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (G.H.L.); (J.Y.K.); (S.W.J.); (T.H.P.); (J.S.P.); (C.Y.K.); (J.H.C.); (Y.H.K.)
| | - Chae Yeon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (G.H.L.); (J.Y.K.); (S.W.J.); (T.H.P.); (J.S.P.); (C.Y.K.); (J.H.C.); (Y.H.K.)
| | - Jae Ho Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (G.H.L.); (J.Y.K.); (S.W.J.); (T.H.P.); (J.S.P.); (C.Y.K.); (J.H.C.); (Y.H.K.)
- Subtropical/Tropical Organism Gene Bank, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
| | - Eun Hee Han
- Drug & Disease Target Research Team, Division of Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Cheongju 28119, Korea;
| | - Young Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (G.H.L.); (J.Y.K.); (S.W.J.); (T.H.P.); (J.S.P.); (C.Y.K.); (J.H.C.); (Y.H.K.)
| | - Hye Gwang Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea; (G.H.L.); (J.Y.K.); (S.W.J.); (T.H.P.); (J.S.P.); (C.Y.K.); (J.H.C.); (Y.H.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-821-5936
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Hahn D, Shin SH, Bae JS. Natural Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Compounds in Foodstuff or Medicinal Herbs Inducing Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1191. [PMID: 33260980 PMCID: PMC7761319 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is an inducible antioxidant enzyme that catalyzes heme group degradation. Decreased level of HO-1 is correlated with disease progression, and HO-1 induction suppresses development of metabolic and neurological disorders. Natural compounds with antioxidant activities have emerged as a rich source of HO-1 inducers with marginal toxicity. Here we discuss the therapeutic role of HO-1 in obesity, hypertension, atherosclerosis, Parkinson's disease and hepatic fibrosis, and present important signaling pathway components that lead to HO-1 expression. We provide an updated, comprehensive list of natural HO-1 inducers in foodstuff and medicinal herbs categorized by their chemical structures. Based on the continued research in HO-1 signaling pathways and rapid development of their natural inducers, HO-1 may serve as a preventive and therapeutic target for metabolic and neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyup Hahn
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Seung Ho Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea;
| | - Jong-Sup Bae
- College of Pharmacy, CMRI, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics based Creative Drug Research Team, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
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Rosmarinic Acid Methyl Ester Regulates Ovarian Cancer Cell Migration and Reverses Cisplatin Resistance by Inhibiting the Expression of Forkhead Box M1. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13100302. [PMID: 33053721 PMCID: PMC7601071 DOI: 10.3390/ph13100302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid methyl ester (RAME), a derivative of rosmarinic acid (RA), is reported to have several therapeutic effects, including anti-tumor effects against cervical cancer. However, its anti-tumor effects in ovarian cancer is unclear. In this study, we studied the molecular pathways associated with the anti-tumor effects of RAME in ovarian cancer. To identify the effects of RAME in ovarian cancer, RNA sequencing was performed in RAME-treated ovarian cancer cells; we found that RAME treatment downregulated the genes closely involved with the target genes of the transcription factor Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1). It was reported that FOXM1 is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cells and is associated with cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. Therefore, we hypothesized that FOXM1 is a key target of RAME; this could result in its anti-tumor effects. Treatment of ovarian cancer cells with RAME-inhibited cell migration and invasion, as shown by wound healing and transwell migration assays. To examine whether RAME represses the action of FOXM1, we performed quantitative RT-PCR and ChIP-qPCR. Treatment of ovarian cancer cells with RAME decreased the mRNA expression of FOXM1 target genes and the binding of FOXM1 to its target genes. Moreover, FOXM1 expression was increased in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells, and combination treatment with RAME and cisplatin sensitized the cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells, which was likely due to FOXM1 inhibition. Our research suggests that RAME is a promising option in treating ovarian cancer patients, as it revealed a novel molecular pathway underlying its anti-tumor effects.
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Tanaka N, Niwa K, Kajihara S, Tsuji D, Itoh K, Mamadalieva NZ, Kashiwada Y. C28 Terpenoids from Lamiaceous Plant Perovskia scrophulariifolia: Their Structures and Anti-neuroinflammatory Activity. Org Lett 2020; 22:7667-7670. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naonobu Tanaka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Kanji Niwa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Seita Kajihara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tsuji
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Kohji Itoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Nilufar Z. Mamadalieva
- Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy Sciences of of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100170, Uzbekistan
| | - Yoshiki Kashiwada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
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Koysu P, Genc N, Elmastas M, Aksit H, Erenler R. Isolation, identification of secondary metabolites from Salvia absconditiflora and evaluation of their antioxidative properties. Nat Prod Res 2019; 33:3592-3595. [PMID: 30445824 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1488700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Salvia absconditiflora Greuter & Burdet (Synonym Salvia cryptantha Montbret & Aucher ex Benth) has been used extensively for traditional medicine. The aerial of plant material was boiled in water then filtrated. The filtrate was partitioned with ethyl acetate and n-butanol sequentially to yield the ethyl acetate and n-butanol extract. A sample of water was lyophilized to yield the water extract. Ethyl acetate extract revealed the highest antioxidant activity and included the most phenolic compounds among the extracts. Hence, ethyl acetate extract was subjected to chromatographic techniques. Ursolic acid (1), crismaritin (2), luteolin (3), rosmarinic acid methyl ester (4), 3,4-dihydroxyl benzaldehyde (protocatechuic aldehyde) (5), caffeic acid (6), apigenin-7-O-β-glucoside (7), rosmarinic acid (8) and luteolin-7-O-β-glucoside (9) were isolated and the structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 1D, 2D NMR, and LC-TOF/MS. Cirsimaritin (2), luteolin (3), rosmarinic acid methyl ester (4), rosmarinic acid (8), luteolin-7-O-β-glucoside (9) displayed the considerable antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perihan Koysu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Gaziosmanpasa University , Tokat , Turkey
| | - Nusret Genc
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Gaziosmanpasa University , Tokat , Turkey
| | - Mahfuz Elmastas
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences , Istanbul , Turkey
| | - Huseyin Aksit
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan University , Erzincan , Turkey
| | - Ramazan Erenler
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Gaziosmanpasa University , Tokat , Turkey
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Luo YY, Wu SH, Lu HY, Li BJ, Li SJ, Sun ZY, Jin R, Chen XQ. Lipoxin A4 attenuates hyperoxia‑induced lung epithelial cell injury via the upregulation of heme oxygenase‑1 and inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:429-437. [PMID: 31746387 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study examined whether lipoxin A4 (LXA4) increases the expression of HO‑1, and inhibits the production of interleukin 6 (IL‑6) and monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP‑1) in LXA4‑induced protection during hyperoxia‑induced injury in murine lung epithelial cells (MLE‑12) and what signal pathway may participate in the actions of LXA4 inhibiting IL‑6 and MCP‑1. MLE‑12 cells were exposed to air or hyperoxia with or without pretreatment with LXA4, Zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPP‑IX), IL‑6, anti‑IL‑6, MCP‑1, anti‑MCP‑1, inhibitors of p38 mitogen‑activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), protein kinase B (Akt) and extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathways. The cell survival rates, cell viability, apoptosis rates, expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), heme oxygenase‑1 (HO‑1), IL‑6 and MCP‑1, and the activations of p38 MAPK, ERK1/2 and Akt were measured. LXA4 significantly increased the cell survival rates, cell viability, SOD levels and HO‑1 expression, reduced the apoptosis rates, and inhibited the MCP‑1 and IL‑6 levels induced by hyperoxia in cells. ZnPP‑IX, an inhibitor of HO‑1, blocked LXA4‑induced protection on cell viability in cells exposed to hyperoxia. Anti‑IL‑6 and anti‑MCP‑1 improved the cell viability of cells exposed to hyperoxia. Inhibition of p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 blocked the expression of MCP‑1 and IL‑6 induced by hyperoxia. LXA4 inhibited the activation of p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 induced by hyperoxia, and increased the activation of the Akt signaling pathway, which was inhibited by hyperoxia. Therefore, LXA4 attenuated hyperoxia‑induced injury in MLE‑12 cells via the upregulation of HO‑1 expression. The protection of LXA4 in hyperoxia‑induced cell injury may be associated with the downregulation IL‑6 and MCP‑1 levels via the inhibition of the p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yan Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Hua Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yan Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212000, P.R. China
| | - Bing-Jie Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Jun Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Yi Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Rui Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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Nam KH, Yi SA, Nam G, Noh JS, Park JW, Lee MG, Park JH, Oh H, Lee J, Lee KR, Park HJ, Lee J, Han JW. Identification of a novel S6K1 inhibitor, rosmarinic acid methyl ester, for treating cisplatin-resistant cervical cancer. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:773. [PMID: 31387554 PMCID: PMC6683399 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5997-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The mTOR/S6K1 signaling pathway is often activated in cervical cancer, and thus considered a molecular target for cervical cancer therapies. Inhibiting mTOR is cytotoxic to cervical cancer cells and creates a synergistic anti-tumor effect with conventional chemotherapy agents. In this study, we identified a novel S6K1 inhibitor, rosmarinic acid methyl ester (RAME) for the use of therapeutic agent against cervical cancer. Methods Combined structure- and ligand-based virtual screening was employed to identify novel S6K1 inhibitors among the in house natural product library. In vitro kinase assay and immunoblot assay was used to examine the effects of RAME on S6K1 signaling pathway. Lipidation of LC3 and mRNA levels of ATG genes were observed to investigate RAME-mediated autophagy. PARP cleavage, mRNA levels of apoptotic genes, and cell survival was measured to examine RAME-mediated apoptosis. Results RAME was identified as a novel S6K1 inhibitor through the virtual screening. RAME, not rosmarinic acid, effectively reduced mTOR-mediated S6K1 activation and the kinase activity of S6K1 by blocking the interaction between S6K1 and mTOR. Treatment of cervical cancer cells with RAME promoted autophagy and apoptosis, decreasing cell survival rate. Furthermore, we observed that combination treatment with RAME and cisplatin greatly enhanced the anti-tumor effect in cisplatin-resistant cervical cancer cells, which was likely due to mTOR/S6K1 inhibition-mediated autophagy and apoptosis. Conclusions Our findings suggest that inhibition of S6K1 by RAME can induce autophagy and apoptosis in cervical cancer cells, and provide a potential option for cervical cancer treatment, particularly when combined with cisplatin. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5997-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Hong Nam
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ah Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Gibeom Nam
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sung Noh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Woo Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Gyu Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Hun Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwamok Oh
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Ro Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Park
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaecheol Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeung-Whan Han
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Naturally occurring food-derived active ingredients have received huge attention for their chemopreventive and chemotherapy capabilities in several diseases. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a caffeic acid ester and a naturally-occurring phenolic compound in a number of plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family, such as Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) from which it was formerly isolated. RA intervenes in carcinogenesis through different ways, including in tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and inflammation. On the other hand, it also exerts powerful antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and even antidepressant, anti-aging effects. The present review aims to provide an overview on anticancer activities of RA and to deliberate its therapeutic potential against a wide variety of diseases. Given the current evidence, RA may be considered as part of the daily diet in the treatment of several diseases, with pre-determined doses avoiding cytotoxicity.
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Chou ST, Lin TH, Peng HY, Chao WW. Phytochemical profile of hot water extract of Glechoma hederacea and its antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Life Sci 2019; 231:116519. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.05.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Zou W, Yin P, Shi Y, Jin N, Gao Q, Li J, Liu F. A Novel Biological Role of α-Mangostin via TAK1-NF-κB Pathway against Inflammatory. Inflammation 2019; 42:103-112. [PMID: 30132203 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0876-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The oxysterone α-mangostin is isolated from mangosteen husks and is widely used in the treatment of abdominal pain, diarrhea, and dysentery. In this study, we established a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory model of rat intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-6 cells), at the same time we used differently concentration α-mangostin to detect its anti-inflammatory activity. We applied doses of α-mangostin (2.5, 5, and 10 μM) and detected apoptosis by flow cytometry, and the Griess reagent and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method detected inflammatory factors such as nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin (PG) E2, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. We also used quantitative real-time PCR (Q-PCR) to examine inflammatory factors and western blotting to examine the activation of transforming growth factor-activated kinase (TAK)-1-nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway-related proteins. Finally, we used laser confocal microscopy to detect the effect of the 10 μM α-mangostin on the nuclear import of NF-κB-p65. The results showed that α-mangostin treatment significantly reduced the apoptosis of LPS-stimulated IEC-6 cells, the production of inflammatory factors, the activation of TAK1-NF-κB signaling pathway-related proteins, and the entry of p65 into the nucleus. In conclusion, α-mangostin exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the activation of TAK1-NF-κB and it may be a potential choice for the treatment of inflammation diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshu Zou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture (BUA), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Yin
- Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences, NO.1 Beichen West Road, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaran Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture (BUA), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture (BUA), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture (BUA), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiandong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture (BUA), Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenghua Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture (BUA), Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Preparative Separation of Three Monoterpenes from Perilla frutescens var. crispa Using Centrifugal Partition Chromatography. Int J Anal Chem 2019; 2019:8751345. [PMID: 30728839 PMCID: PMC6343183 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8751345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Three monoterpenes, namely, 9-hydroxy isoegomaketone (1), isoegomaketone (2), and perilla ketone (3), were successfully separated from the supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extract of the leaves of Perilla frutescens var. crispa (cv. Antisperill; Lamiaceae) by centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC). To obtain large quantities of these materials required for studies on their mechanism of action and in vivo effectiveness in inflammation, we used CPC because of its high loading capacity and reproducibility to purify the three compounds. Compound 1 (2.60 mg, 96.7% purity at 254 nm) was purified from 500 mg of the SC-CO2 extract of P. frutescens var. crispa (cv. Antisperill), using a two-phase solvent system comprising n-hexane/ethyl acetate/ethanol/water (5:5:5:5 v/v) in a descending mode. As compounds 2 (56.1 mg, 97.6% purity at 254 nm) and 3 (78.6 mg, 96.1% purity at 254 nm) are highly volatile and difficult to recover from an aqueous mobile phase after purification during the drying process, they were obtained from the same amount of the processed extract in an ascending mode using the upper organic phase as the mobile phase (n-hexane/ethyl acetate/ethanol/water, 8:2:8:2 v/v). The structures of compounds 1–3 were confirmed by 1H- and 13C-NMR analysis. Thus, based on our findings, we recommend centrifugal partition chromatography as a powerful technique for purifying the active principal compounds 1 and 2 from the leaves of P. frutescens var. crispa.
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So KK, Chun J, Kim DH. Antimicrobial and Antitumor Photodynamic Effects of Phleichrome from the Phytopathogenic Fungus Cladosporium Phlei. MYCOBIOLOGY 2018; 46:448-451. [PMID: 30637154 PMCID: PMC6322376 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2018.1551599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Fungal perylenequinones have photodynamic activity and are promising photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Here, we investigated the bactericidal and antitumor activities of phleichrome from the fungal perylenequinone family in vitro. Photodynamic bactericidal activity of phleichrome was analyzed by agar-well diffusion method under dark and illuminated conditions. The photodynamic antitumor activity of phleichrome was analyzed in MCF-7, HeLa, SW480, and HepG2 human cancer cell lines using in vitro cytotoxicity assays. Photodynamic bactericidal activities against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria were species-specific. Antitumor activity against all tumor cell lines increased under the illuminated condition. Depending on the results of the analyses, Phleichrome has potential for further drug development related to its antibacterial and antitumor activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kum-Kang So
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Bioactive Material Sciences, Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Jeesun Chun
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Bioactive Material Sciences, Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Dae-Hyuk Kim
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Bioactive Material Sciences, Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
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24
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Liu R, Heiss EH, Waltenberger B, Blažević T, Schachner D, Jiang B, Krystof V, Liu W, Schwaiger S, Peña-Rodríguez LM, Breuss JM, Stuppner H, Dirsch VM, Atanasov AG. Constituents of Mediterranean Spices Counteracting Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation: Identification and Characterization of Rosmarinic Acid Methyl Ester as a Novel Inhibitor. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1700860. [PMID: 29405576 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Aberrant vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation is involved in atherosclerotic plaque formation and restenosis. Mediterranean spices have been reported to confer cardioprotection, but their direct influence on VSMCs has largely not been investigated. This study aims at examining rosmarinic acid (RA) and 11 related constituents for inhibition of VSMC proliferation in vitro, and at characterizing the most promising compound for their mode of action and influence on neointima formation in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS RA, rosmarinic acid methyl ester (RAME), and caffeic acid methyl ester inhibit VSMC proliferation in a resazurin conversion assay with IC50 s of 5.79, 3.12, and 6.78 µm, respectively. RAME significantly reduced neointima formation in vivo in a mouse femoral artery cuff model. Accordingly, RAME leads to an accumulation of VSMCs in the G0 /G1 cell-cycle phase, as indicated by blunted retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation upon mitogen stimulation and inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 in vitro. CONCLUSION RAME represses PDGF-induced VSMC proliferation in vitro and reduces neointima formation in vivo. These results recommend RAME as an interesting compound with VSMC-inhibiting potential. Future metabolism and pharmacokinetics studies might help to further evaluate the potential relevance of RAME and other spice-derived polyphenolics for vasoprotection.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cardiovascular Agents/adverse effects
- Cardiovascular Agents/pharmacology
- Cardiovascular Agents/therapeutic use
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Cinnamates/administration & dosage
- Cinnamates/adverse effects
- Cinnamates/pharmacology
- Cinnamates/therapeutic use
- Depsides/administration & dosage
- Depsides/adverse effects
- Depsides/pharmacology
- Depsides/therapeutic use
- Diet, Mediterranean
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/cytology
- Humans
- Male
- Mediterranean Region
- Methylation
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/prevention & control
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Protein Processing, Post-Translational/drug effects
- Random Allocation
- Rats
- Retinoblastoma Protein/metabolism
- Rosmarinus/chemistry
- Rosmarinus/growth & development
- Spices/analysis
- Rosmarinic Acid
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongxia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, University of Yantai, Yantai, China
| | - Elke H Heiss
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Birgit Waltenberger
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Tina Blažević
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Schachner
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Baohong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Vladimir Krystof
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacky University & Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Wanhui Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, University of Yantai, Yantai, China
| | - Stefan Schwaiger
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Luis M Peña-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Biotecnología, Centro de investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Johannes M Breuss
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute for Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Verena M Dirsch
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, Poland
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25
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Lin SY, Wang YY, Chen WY, Liao SL, Chou ST, Yang CP, Chen CJ. Hepatoprotective activities of rosmarinic acid against extrahepatic cholestasis in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 108:214-223. [PMID: 28789951 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Though rosmarinic acid possesses nutritional, pharmaceutical, and toxic properties and shows therapeutic potential on liver diseases, its therapeutic effects against cholestatic liver diseases have not been proven. Using an extrahepatic cholestasis rat model by bile-duct ligation (BDL), daily oral administration of rosmarinic acid showed improvement effects on liver histology, serum biochemicals, ductular reaction, oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. Rosmarinic acid alleviated BDL-induced transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) production and hepatic collagen deposition, and the anti-fibrotic effects were accompanied by reductions in matrix-producing cells and Smad2/3. BDL rats showed increased hepatic NF-κB/AP-1 activities, inflammatory cell infiltration/accumulation, and cytokine production, and these signs of hepatic inflammation were ameliorated by rosmarinic acid. Mechanistic study revealed an inhibitory effect of rosmarinic acid on the axis of the high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1)/toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) in BDL rats. Results of cultured hepatic stellate cells further showed the impacts of rosmarinic acid which attenuated TGF-β1-induced stellate cell mitogenic and fibrogenic activation. Our findings support the concept that rosmarinic acid could serve as a hepatoprotective agent, and dietary rosmarinic acid supplementation may be beneficial in terms of improving cholestasis-related liver injury via mechanisms involving resolution of oxidative burden and down-regulation of HMGB1/TLR4, NF-κB, AP-1, and TGF-β1/Smad signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Yi Lin
- Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City 407, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City 112, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Yu Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei City 112, Taiwan; Division of Family Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City 407, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ying Chen
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
| | - Su-Lan Liao
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City 407, Taiwan
| | - Su-Tze Chou
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung City 433, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ping Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City 407, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jung Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung City 407, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung City 404, Taiwan.
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26
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Nam B, So Y, Kim HY, Kim JB, Jin CH, Han AR. A New Monoterpene from the Leaves of a Radiation Mutant Cultivar of Perilla frutescens var. crispa with Inhibitory Activity on LPS-Induced NO Production. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22091471. [PMID: 28869556 PMCID: PMC6151837 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22091471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The leaves of Perilla frutescens var. crispa (Lamiaceae)—known as ‘Jureum-soyeop’ or ‘Cha-jo-ki’ in Korean, ‘ZI SU YE’ in Chinese, and ‘Shiso’ in Japan—has been used as a medicinal herb. Recent gamma irradiated mutation breeding on P. frutescens var. crispa in our research group resulted in the development of a new perilla cultivar, P. frutescens var. crispa (cv. Antisperill; PFCA), which has a higher content of isoegomaketone. The leaves of PFCA were extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction, and phytochemical investigation on this extract led to the isolation and identification of a new compound, 9-hydroxy-isoegomaketone [(2E)-1-(3-furanyl)-4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-penten-1-one; 1]. Compound 1 exhibited inhibitory activity on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells with an IC50 value of 14.4 μM. The compounds in the SC-CO2 extracts of the radiation mutant cultivar and the original plant were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bomi Nam
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea.
| | - Yangkang So
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea.
| | - Hyo-Young Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea.
| | - Jin-Baek Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea.
| | - Chang Hyun Jin
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea.
| | - Ah-Reum Han
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea.
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27
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Tsai YC, Chen SH, Lin LC, Fu SL. Anti-inflammatory Principles from Sarcandra glabra. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:6497-6505. [PMID: 28110531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b05125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) Nakai (Chloranthaceae) is a medicinal plant used as herbal tea or food supplement to promote human health. We isolated 14 phenolic compounds from the n-butanol fraction of S. glabra and investigated their anti-inflammatory potential using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 macrophages. We demonstrated that methyl isorinate, a previously uncharacterized compound in S. glabra, is able to suppress NF-κB activation and reduce the expression of iNOS and COX-2 as well as the phosphorylation of IκB in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, the production of two inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α), as well as release of reactive oxygen species, in the LPS-stimulated macrophages was also inhibited by this compound. Furthermore, the structure-activity relationships of all of the isolated phenolic compounds present were analyzed. Overall, this study revealed several anti-inflammatory compounds that were present in S. glabra, and the results suggest that these diverse phenolic compounds are associated with the anti-inflammatory effects of S. glabra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Chen Tsai
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Han Chen
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare , Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Lie-Chwen Lin
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare , Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ling Fu
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang-Ming University , Taipei 11221, Taiwan
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28
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Jin CH, Park HC, So Y, Nam B, Han SN, Kim JB. Comparison of the Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide versus Ethanol Extracts from Leaves of Perilla frutescens Britt. Radiation Mutant. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22020311. [PMID: 28218690 PMCID: PMC6155756 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to compare supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and ethanol extraction for isoegomaketone (IK) content in perilla leaf extracts and to identify the optimal method. We measured the IK concentration using HPLC and inflammatory mediators in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells from the extracts. The IK concentration was 10-fold higher in perilla leaf extracts by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (SFE) compared with that in perilla leaf extracts by ethanol extraction (EE). When the extracts were treated in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells at 25 µg/mL, the SFE inhibited the expression of inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleutkin-6 (IL-6), interferon-β (IFN-β), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) to a much greater extent compared with EE. Taken together, supercritical carbon dioxide extraction is considered the optimal process for obtaining high IK content and anti-inflammatory activities in leaf extracts from the P. frutescens Britt. radiation mutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Hyun Jin
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea.
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Han Chul Park
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea.
| | - Yangkang So
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea.
| | - Bomi Nam
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea.
| | - Sung Nim Han
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Jin-Baek Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup-si, Jeollabuk-do 56212, Korea.
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29
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Natural Products and Inflammation. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22010120. [PMID: 28085099 PMCID: PMC6155884 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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