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Xiao MY, Pei WJ, Li S, Li FF, Xie P, Luo HT, Hyun Yoo H, Piao XL. Gypenoside L inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting the SREBP2-HMGCS1 axis and enhancing immune response. Bioorg Chem 2024; 150:107539. [PMID: 38861912 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor that occurs in the liver, with a high degree of malignancy and relatively poor prognosis. Gypenoside L has inhibitory effects on liver cancer cells. However, its mechanism of action is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the inhibitory effects of gypenoside L on HCC in vitro and in vivo, and explore its potential mechanisms. The results showed that gypenoside L reduced the cholesterol and triglyceride content in HepG2 and Huh-7 cells, inhibited cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis, arrested cell cycle at G0/G1 phase, promoted cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, it targeted the transcription factor SREPB2 to inhibit the expression of HMGCS1 protein and inhibited the downstream proteins HMGCR and MVK, thereby regulating the mevalonate (MVA) pathway. Overexpression HMGCS1 led to significant alterations in the cholesterol metabolism pathway of HCC, which mediated HCC cell proliferation and conferred resistance to the therapeutic effect of gypenoside L. In vivo, gypenoside L effectively suppressed HCC growth in tumor-bearing mice by reducing cholesterol production, exhibiting favorable safety profiles and minimal toxic side effects. Gypenoside L modulated cholesterol homeostasis, enhanced expression of inflammatory factors by regulating MHC I pathway-related proteins to augment anticancer immune responses. Clinical samples from HCC patients also exhibited high expression levels of MVA pathway-related genes in tumor tissues. These findings highlight gypenoside L as a promising agent for targeting cholesterol metabolism in HCC while emphasizing the effectiveness of regulating the SREBP2-HMGCS1 axis as a therapeutic strategy.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Gynostemma/chemistry
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 2/metabolism
- Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Animals
- Mice
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Molecular Structure
- Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Plant Extracts
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Yu Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wen-Jing Pei
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Si Li
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fang-Fang Li
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Peng Xie
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hao-Tian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hye Hyun Yoo
- Pharmacomicrobiomics Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea.
| | - Xiang-Lan Piao
- Key Laboratory of Ethnomedicine (Minzu University of China), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China; School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
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Cheng X, Sun G, Meng L, Liu Y, Wen J, Zhao X, Cai W, Xin H, Liu Y, Hao C. Exploring the Molecular Mechanisms of Herbs in the Treatment of Hyperlipidemia Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. J Med Food 2024. [PMID: 39149800 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2024.k.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Many herbs have been shown to safely and successfully treat hyperlipidemia. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying their treatment remain unclear. In this study, 103 prescriptions for the treatment of hyperlipidemia containing 146 herbs were screened. Cluster analyses identified a core prescription comprising five herbs, namely, Crataegus pinnatifida (Shan Zha), Cassiae semen (Jue Ming Zi), Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juz. (Ze Xie), Salvia miltiorrhiza (Dan Shen), and Radix Polygoni Multiflori (He Shou Wu), in combination for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Next, 9, 62, 5, 132, and 34 potential targets for each of the core herbs and a total of 512 hyperlipidemia-related protein targets were detected. Finally, 40 targets shared by core herbs and hyperlipidemia were identified. IL6, AKT1, IL1B, PTGS2, VEGFA, PPARG, and NOS3 were the seven proteins that were found to be most important in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Interestingly, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway indicated that these targets were mainly enriched in the lipid and atherosclerosis pathway and the cancer pathway. In addition, core target proteins such as AKT1, PTGS2, and PPARG have been demonstrated to play critical roles in hyperlipidemia and pancreatic cancer. Significant affinity between bioactive chemicals and proteins involved in cancer pathways was found by molecular docking. Molecular docking results showed that AKT1, PTGS2, and PPARG exhibited good binding ability with three bioactive chemicals, including 3-beta-hydroxymethyllenetanshiquinone, danshexinkum d, and physciondiglucoside. The treatment of hyperlipidemia by herbs may be mediated through the modulation of proteins associated with the cancer pathway. This study helps to provide a theoretical basis for future combined therapy for hyperlipidemia and cancer. [Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Cheng
- School of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Geng Sun
- School of Chinese Medicine, Bozhou University, Bozhou, China
| | - Li Meng
- School of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Yueli Liu
- School of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Jiangnan Wen
- School of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- School of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Wenhui Cai
- School of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Huawei Xin
- School of Medicine, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Bozhou University, Bozhou, China
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Huang S, Lu H, Chen J, Jiang C, Jiang G, Maduraiveeran G, Pan Y, Liu J, Deng LE. Advances in drug delivery-based therapeutic strategies for renal fibrosis treatment. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:6532-6549. [PMID: 38913013 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00737a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the result of all chronic kidney diseases and is becoming a major global health hazard. Currently, traditional treatments for renal fibrosis are difficult to meet clinical needs due to shortcomings such as poor efficacy or highly toxic side effects. Therefore, therapeutic strategies that target the kidneys are needed to overcome these shortcomings. Drug delivery can be attained by improving drug stability and addressing controlled release and targeted delivery of drugs in the delivery category. By combining drug delivery technology with nanosystems, controlled drug release and biodistribution can be achieved, enhancing therapeutic efficacy and reducing toxic cross-wise effects. This review discusses nanomaterial drug delivery strategies reported in recent years. Firstly, the present review describes the mechanisms of renal fibrosis and anti-renal fibrosis drug delivery. Secondly, different nanomaterial drug delivery strategies for the treatment of renal injury and fibrosis are highlighted. Finally, the limitations of these strategies are also discussed. Investigating various anti-renal fibrosis drug delivery strategies reveals the characteristics and therapeutic effects of various novel nanosystem-derived drug delivery approaches. This will serve as a reference for future research on drug delivery strategies for renal fibrosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sida Huang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Formulation Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Hanqi Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Dongguan Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, Guangdong 523000, China.
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Dongguan Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, Guangdong 523000, China.
| | - Chengyi Jiang
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Formulation Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Guanmin Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University (Dongguan people's hospital), 78 Wandao Road South, Dongguan, 523059 Guangdong, China.
| | - Govindhan Maduraiveeran
- Materials Electrochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur - 603 203, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Ying Pan
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Formulation Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Jianqiang Liu
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Formulation Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China.
| | - Li-Er Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Dongguan Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, Guangdong 523000, China.
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Zhang C, Liu J, Liu X, Xu Y, Gan Q, Cheng Q, Liu W, Gao X, Wu S. Glutamine enhances pneumococcal growth under methionine semi-starvation by elevating intracellular pH. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1430038. [PMID: 39044959 PMCID: PMC11263215 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1430038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bacteria frequently encounter nutrient limitation in nature. The ability of living in this nutrient shortage environment is vital for bacteria to preserve their population and important for some pathogenic bacteria to cause infectious diseases. Usually, we study how bacteria survive after nutrient depletion, a total starvation condition when bacteria almost cease growth and try to survive. However, nutrient limitation may not always lead to total starvation. Methods Bacterial adaptation to nutrient shortage was studied by determining bacterial growth curves, intracellular pH, intracellular amino acid contents, gene transcription, protein expression, enzyme activity, and translation and replication activities. Results No exogenous supply of methionine results in growth attenuation of Streptococcus pneumoniae, a human pathogen. In this paper, we refer to this inhibited growth state between ceased growth under total starvation and full-speed growth with full nutrients as semi-starvation. Similar to total starvation, methionine semi-starvation also leads to intracellular acidification. Surprisingly, it is intracellular acidification but not insufficient methionine synthesis that causes growth attenuation under methionine semi-starvation. With excessive glutamine supply in the medium, intracellular methionine level was not changed, while bacterial intracellular pH was elevated to ~ 7.6 (the optimal intracellular pH for pneumococcal growth) by glutamine deamination, and bacterial growth under semi-starvation was restored fully. Our data suggest that intracellular acidification decreases translation level and glutamine supply increases intracellular pH to restore translation level, thus restoring bacterial growth. Discussion This growth with intracellular pH adjustment by glutamine is a novel strategy we found for bacterial adaptation to nutrient shortage, which may provide new drug targets to inhibit growth of pathogenic bacteria under semi-starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwang Zhang
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Juncheng Liu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- National Protein Science Facility, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yueyu Xu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingxiu Gan
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qinqian Cheng
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiping Liu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangmin Gao
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Songquan Wu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
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5
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Gan L, Zheng L, Yao L, Lei L, Huang Y, Zeng Z, Fang N. Exosomes from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells improve liver fibrosis by regulating the miR-20a-5p/TGFBR2 axis to affect the p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway. Cytokine 2023; 172:156386. [PMID: 37852157 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (ADSC-Exos) are active constituents for treating liver fibrosis. This paper attempted to preliminarily explain the functional mechanism of ADSC-Exos in liver fibrosis through the p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway. METHODS The cell models of hepatic fibrosis were established by inducing LX-2 cells with TGF-β1. Mouse models of liver fibrosis were established by treating mice with CCl4. The in vivo and in vitro models of liver fibrosis were treated with ADSC-Exos. ADSCs were identified by flow cytometry/Alizarin red/oil red O/alcian blue staining. ADSC-Exos were identified by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blot. LX-2 cell proliferation/viability were evaluated by MTT/BrdU assays. Exosomes were tracked in vivo and body weight changes in mice were monitored. Hepatic pathological changes were observed by HE/Masson staining. α-SMA/collagen I levels in liver tissues were assessed by immunohistochemistry. HA/PIIINP concentrations were measured using the magnetic particle chemiluminescence method. Liver function was assessed using an automatic analyzer. miR-20a-5p level was measured by RT-qPCR. The mRNA levels of fibrosis markers were determined by RT-qPCR, and their protein levels and levels of MAPK/NF-κB pathway-related proteins, as well as TGFBR2 protein level were measured by Western blot. The P65 nuclear expression in mouse liver tissues was quantified by immunofluorescence. RESULTS ADSC-Exos suppressed TGF-β1-induced LX-2 cell proliferation and fibrosis and reduced mRNA and protein levels of fibrosis markers in vitro. ADSC-Exos ameliorated liver fibrosis by inhibiting the p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway activation. ADSC-Exos inhibited activation of the p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway via regulating the miR-20a-5p/TGFBR2 axis. The in vivo experiment asserted that ADSC-Exos were mainly distributed in the liver, and ADSC-Exos relieved liver fibrosis in mice, which was evidenced by alleviating decreased body weight, reducing collagen and enhancing liver function, and repressed the activation of the p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway via the miR-20a-5p/TGFBR2 axis. CONCLUSION ADSC-Exos attenuated liver fibrosis by suppressing the activation of the p38 MAPK/NF-κB pathway via the miR-20a-5p/TGFBR2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Gan
- Third Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Nanchang (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University), Nanchang, China
| | - Li Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Nanchang (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University), Nanchang, China
| | - Ling Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Nanchang (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University), Nanchang, China
| | - Ling Lei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Nanchang (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University), Nanchang, China
| | - Yaqin Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Nanchang (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University), Nanchang, China
| | - Zhiping Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Nanchang (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University), Nanchang, China
| | - Nian Fang
- Third Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Nanchang (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University), Nanchang, China.
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Yang Y, Mei C, Xian H, Zhang X, Li J, Liang ZX, Zhi Y, Ma Y, Wang HJ. Toosendanin-induced apoptosis of CMT-U27 is mediated through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Vet Comp Oncol 2023; 21:315-326. [PMID: 36809669 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Toosendanin (TSN) is an active compound from the fruit of Melia toosendan Sieb et Zucc. TSN has been shown to have broad-spectrum anti-tumour activities in human cancers. However, there are still many gaps in the knowledge of TSN on canine mammary tumours (CMT). CMT-U27 cells were used to select the optimal acting time and best concentration of TSN to initiate apoptosis. Cell proliferation, cell colony formation, cell migration and cell invasion were analysed. The expression of apoptosis-related genes and proteins were also detected to explore the mechanism of action of TSN. A murine tumour model was established to detect the effect of TSN treatments. The results showed that TSN decreased cell viability of migration and invasion, altered CMT-U27 cell morphology, and inhibited DNA synthesis. TSN-induced cell apoptosis by upregulating BAX, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, p53 and cytochrome C (cytosolic) protein expression, and downregulating Bcl-2 and cytochrome C (mitochondrial) expression. In addition, TSN increased the mRNA transcription levels of cytochrome C, p53 and BAX, and decreased the mRNA expression of Bcl-2. Furthermore, TSN inhibited the growth of CMT xenografts by regulating the expression of genes and proteins activated by the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. In conclusion, TSN effectively inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion activity, as well as induced CMT-U27 cell apoptosis. The study provides a molecular basis for the development of clinical drugs and other therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Yang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Municipal Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Beijing, China
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang Chongqing, China
| | - Chen Mei
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Municipal Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Xian
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Municipal Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Municipal Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi-Xuan Liang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Municipal Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zhi
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Municipal Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Ma
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang Chongqing, China
| | - Hong-Jun Wang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Municipal Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Beijing, China
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Mukherjee A, Epperly MW, Fisher R, Shields D, Hou W, Pennathur A, Luketich J, Wang H, Greenberger JS. Carcinogen 4-Nitroquinoline Oxide (4-NQO) Induces Oncostatin-M (OSM) in Esophageal Cells. In Vivo 2023; 37:506-518. [PMID: 36881075 PMCID: PMC10026636 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The earliest cellular and molecular biologic changes in the esophagus that lead to esophageal cancer were evaluated in a mouse model. We correlated numbers of senescent cells with the levels of expression of potentially carcinogenic genes in sorted side population (SP) cells containing esophageal stem cells and non-stem cells in the non-side population cells in the 4-nitroquinolone oxide (NQO)-treated esophagus. MATERIALS AND METHODS We compared stem cells with non-stem cells from the esophagus of mice treated with the chemical carcinogen 4-NQO (100 μg/ml) in drinking water. We also compared gene expression in human esophagus samples treated with 4-NQO (100 μg/ml media) to non-treated samples. We separated and quantitated the relative levels of expression of RNA using RNAseq analysis. We identified senescent cells by luciferase imaging of p16+/LUC mice and senescent cells in excised esophagus from tdTOMp16+ mice. RESULTS A significant increase in the levels of RNA for oncostatin-M was found in senescent cells of the esophagus from 4-NQO-treated mice and human esophagus in vitro. CONCLUSION Induction of OSM in chemically-induced esophageal cancer in mice correlates with the appearance of senescent cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitava Mukherjee
- Department Radiation Oncology, UPMC-Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A
| | - Michael W Epperly
- Department Radiation Oncology, UPMC-Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A
| | - Renee Fisher
- Department Radiation Oncology, UPMC-Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A
| | - Donna Shields
- Department Radiation Oncology, UPMC-Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A
| | - Wen Hou
- Department Radiation Oncology, UPMC-Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A
| | - Arjun Pennathur
- Department Thoracic Surgery, UPMC-Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A
| | - James Luketich
- Department Thoracic Surgery, UPMC-Presbyterian Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A
| | - Joel S Greenberger
- Department Radiation Oncology, UPMC-Hillman Cancer Center, UPMC Cancer Pavilion, Pittsburgh, PA, U.S.A.
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Preclinical Studies of Chiauranib Show It Inhibits Transformed Follicular Lymphoma through the VEGFR2/ERK/STAT3 Signaling Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 16:ph16010015. [PMID: 36678513 PMCID: PMC9865968 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transformed follicular lymphoma (t-FL), for which there is no efficient treatment strategy, has a rapid progression, treatment resistance, and poor prognosis, which are the main reasons for FL treatment failure. In this study, we identified a promising therapeutic approach with chiauranib, a novel orally developed multitarget inhibitor targeting VEGFR/Aurora B/CSF-1R. We first determined the cytotoxicity of chiauranib in t-FL cell lines through CCK-8, EdU staining, flow cytometry, and transwell assays. We also determined the killing effect of chiauranib in a xenograft model. More importantly, we identified the underlying mechanism of chiauranib in t-FL tumorigenesis by immunofluorescence and Western blotting. Treatment with chiauranib significantly inhibited cell growth and migration, promoted apoptosis, induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase, and resulted in significant killing in vivo. Mechanistically, chiauranib suppresses the phosphorylation level of VEGFR2, which has an anti-t-FL effect by inhibiting the downstream MEK/ERK/STAT3 signaling cascade. In conclusion, chiauranib may be a potential therapy to treat t-FL, since it inhibits tumor growth and migration and induces apoptosis by altering the VEGFR2/ERK/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Liu M, Hu T, Gou W, Chang H, Li Y, Li Y, Zuo D, Hou W, Jiao S. Exploring the pharmacological mechanisms of icaritin against nasopharyngeal carcinoma via network pharmacology and experimental validation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:993022. [PMID: 36467051 PMCID: PMC9715612 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.993022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Icaritin is a natural product with a wide range of anti-tumor effects. However, its anti-tumor mechanism has not been thoroughly studied. This study examined the inhibitory effect of icaritin on nasopharyngeal cancer and its underlying mechanism using network pharmacology along with in vivo and in vitro experiments. Methods: MTT and clone formation assays were used to detect the effects of icaritin on the viability and proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, followed by the construction of a HONE1 xenograft tumor model to evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy of icaritin in vivo. A public database was used to predict prospective targets, built a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and analyze gene enrichment and biological processes. Based on network pharmacological data, cell cycle-related proteins were identified using western blotting. Besides, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were identified using flow cytometry. In addition, SA-β-Gal staining was performed to detect cellular senescence, and western blotting was performed to detect the expression of P53, P21, and other proteins to verify key signaling pathways. Results: Icaritin effectively inhibited the viability and proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines and showed good anti-tumor activity against HONE1 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vivo. Key protein targets, including AKT1, HSP90AA1, CDK4, CCND1, and EGFR, were screened using PPI network topology analysis. GO and KEGG analysis revealed that the cell cycle, p53 signaling, and cell senescence pathways may be the main regulatory pathways. Flow cytometry and western blot experiments showed that icaritin caused S-phase arrest and promoted an increase in ROS. SA-β-Gal staining showed that icaritin significantly induced cellular senescence, and western blotting showed that the expression of senescence-related proteins p53 and P21 increased significantly. Moreover, inhibition of ROS levels by N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) enhanced cell viability, reversed cellular senescence and reduced cellular senescence-associated protein expression. Conclusion: The results of network pharmacological analysis and in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that icaritin effectively inhibited the growth of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, promoted ROS production, induced cellular senescence, and inhibited tumor cells, which are related to the regulation of P53/P21 signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglu Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China,Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenfeng Gou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Huajie Chang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanli Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiliang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Daiying Zuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenbin Hou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China,*Correspondence: Shunchang Jiao, ; Wenbin Hou,
| | - Shunchang Jiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Shunchang Jiao, ; Wenbin Hou,
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10
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An J, An S, Choi M, Jung JH, Kim B. Natural Products for Esophageal Cancer Therapy: From Traditional Medicine to Modern Drug Discovery. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13558. [PMID: 36362345 PMCID: PMC9657766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most malignant types of cancer worldwide and has a high incidence and mortality rate in Asian countries. When it comes to treating EC, although primary methods such as chemotherapy and surgery exist, the prognosis remains poor. The purpose of this current research is to review the range of effects that natural products have on cancer by analyzing studies conducted on EC. Fifty-seven studies were categorized into four anti-cancer mechanisms, as well as clinical trials. The studies that were scrutinized in this research were all reported within five years. The majority of the substances reviewed induced apoptosis in EC, acting on a variety of mechanisms. Taken together, this study supports the fact that natural products have the potential to act as a candidate for treating EC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Bonglee Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
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11
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Zheng Z, Zhang L, Hou X. Potential roles and molecular mechanisms of phytochemicals against cancer. Food Funct 2022; 13:9208-9225. [PMID: 36047380 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01663j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has been reported regarding phytochemicals, plant secondary metabolites, having therapeutic functions against numerous human diseases. Recently, phytochemicals (flavonoids, polyphenols, terpenoids, alkaloids, saponins, coumarins and so on) have shown promising anti-cancer efficacy with their distinct advantages of high efficiency and low toxicity. They regulate programmed cell death (apoptosis, pyroptosis, and autophagy), migration and senescence-related signaling pathways of cancer via the modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, deleted in liver cancer 1 (DLC1), nuclear factor κ light-chain-enhancer of activated B cell (NF-κB) pathways and glycolytic enzymes. Here, we review the molecular mechanisms by which phytochemicals prevent the development of cancer. Furthermore, phytochemicals combined with chemotherapeutic agents could target the crosstalk among multiple signal cascades to block chemoresistance and attenuate carcinogenic properties, and can be considered as a novel and potential therapeutic strategy. Our review highlights that the mechanisms and promising applications are required to be understood to decisively establish the anti-cancer efficacy of natural phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaodi Zheng
- School of Forensics and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China.
| | - Leilei Zhang
- School of Forensics and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China.
| | - Xitan Hou
- School of Forensics and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, Shandong, China.
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12
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Huang M, Liu C, Shao Y, Zhou S, Hu G, Yin S, Pu W, Yu H. Anti-tumor pharmacology of natural products targeting mitosis. Cancer Biol Med 2022; 19:j.issn.2095-3941.2022.0006. [PMID: 35699421 PMCID: PMC9257311 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2022.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer has been an insurmountable problem in the history of medical science. The uncontrollable proliferation of cancer cells is one of cancer’s main characteristics, which is closely associated with abnormal mitosis. Targeting mitosis is an effective method for cancer treatment. This review summarizes several natural products with anti-tumor effects related to mitosis, focusing on targeting microtubulin, inducing DNA damage, and modulating mitosis-associated kinases. Furthermore, the main disadvantages of several typical compounds, including drug resistance, toxicity to non-tumor tissues, and poor aqueous solubility and pharmacokinetic properties, are also discussed, together with strategies to address them. Improved understanding of cancer cell mitosis and natural products may pave the way to drug development for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manru Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Caiyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yingying Shao
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shiyue Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Gaoyong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Shuangshuang Yin
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Weiling Pu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.,State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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13
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Liu H, Li X, Xie J, Lv C, Lian F, Zhang S, Duan Y, Zeng Y, Piao X. Gypenoside L and Gypenoside LI Inhibit Proliferation in Renal Cell Carcinoma via Regulation of the MAPK and Arachidonic Acid Metabolism Pathways. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:820639. [PMID: 35370678 PMCID: PMC8964777 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.820639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has the highest mortality rate of all urological malignancies. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) accounts for approximately 80% of all RCC cases and is often accompanied by the accumulation of lipid droplets. Growing evidence indicates that ccRCC is a metabolism-related disease. Gypenosides are commonly used for the clinical treatment of hyperlipidemia, and their antitumor activity has also been recognized. However, the potential inhibitory effects and mechanisms of action of gypenoside L (Gyp L) and gypenoside LI (Gyp LI) in ccRCC remain unclear. In this study, we confirmed that Gyp L and Gyp LI significantly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in ccRCC cells in vitro. We performed network pharmacology and RNA-seq, and verified the results by Western blotting, RT-qPCR, and immunofluorescence experiments. Our results demonstrated that Gyp L and Gyp LI upregulate the expression of COX2 and downregulate the expression levels of cPLA2 and CYP1A1, resulting in reduced arachidonic acid and apoptosis. Gyp L and Gyp LI upregulated the protein levels of DUSP1, p-JUN, and p-JNK, and downregulated p-MEK1/2, p-ERK, and p-P38 levels. Moreover, gypenosides significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo, and gypenosides significantly reduced cPLA2 and CYP1A1 expression. Furthermore, we performed absolute quantification of arachidonic acid (AA) content in ccRCC cells and tumor tissues by HPLC-MS, and found that the arachidonic acid content was significantly reduced after Gyp L, Gyp LI, and gypenoside intervention. In conclusion, our data suggest that Gyp L, Gyp LI, and gypenosides decrease the content of arachidonic acid in ccRCC cells and tumor tissues, but do not have cytotoxic effects on nude mice. Thus, Gyp L, Gyp LI, and total gypenosides extracted from Gynostemma pentaphyllum exhibited antitumor activities against ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Chengde Medical University, Chengde, China.,School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuming Li
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Jinbo Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Chengcheng Lv
- Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Fangchao Lian
- Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Shouyi Zhang
- Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Xianglan Piao
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
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14
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Huang YP, Wang YS, Liu BW, Song Z, Liang XS, Teng Y, Zhang J, Yin ZQ, Pan K. Dammarane-type saponins with proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitory activity from Gynostemma pentaphyllum. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 194:113005. [PMID: 34798409 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.113005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Seven undescribed dammarane-type saponins, gypenosides LXXXI-LXXXVII, together with four known compounds, were isolated from the whole herb of Gynostemma pentaphyllum. The chemical structures of these undescribed compounds were elucidated on the basis of physical and spectroscopic analysis and comparison with literature data. All the isolates were evaluated for their proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitory activities in HepG2 cells. Among them, gypenosides LXXXII-LXXXVII, gynosaponin II, IV and VI suppressed the expression of PCSK9 in LPDS-induced HepG2 cells at 20 μM; gypenosides LXXXII, LXXXV and LXXXVII showed inhibitory activities against PCSK9 at 10 μM; notably, gypenoside LXXXII still exhibited inhibitory activity against PCSK9 at 5 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ping Huang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China; Cardiology Department, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Shan Wang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, People's Republic of China
| | - Bi-Wen Liu
- Cardiology Department, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211200, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Song
- Instrumental Analysis Center of CPU, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Shuang Liang
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Teng
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China; Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210028, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhi-Qi Yin
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ke Pan
- Department of TCMs Pharmaceuticals & Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Cao L, Wang X, Zhu G, Li S, Wang H, Wu J, Lu T, Li J. Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy for Esophageal Cancer: A Literature Review. Integr Cancer Ther 2021; 20:15347354211061720. [PMID: 34825600 PMCID: PMC8649093 DOI: 10.1177/15347354211061720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Western medicine has played a leading role in its treatment, but its prognosis remains unsatisfactory. Therefore, the development of effective therapies is important. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been practiced for thousands of years, and involves taking measures before diseases occur, deteriorate, and recur. Interestingly, there is growing evidence that TCM can improve the therapeutic effects in reversing precancerous lesions, inhibiting the recurrence and metastasis of EC. In this article, we review traditional Chinese herbs and formulas that have preventive and therapeutic effects on EC, summarize the application and research status of TCM in patients with EC, and discuss its shortcomings and prospects in the context of translational, evidence-based, and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luchang Cao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmiao Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghui Zhu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shixin Li
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Heping Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyuan Wu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Taicheng Lu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Li
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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16
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Liu Q, Chen X, Kan M, Yang J, Gong Q, Jin R, Dai Y, Jin J, Zang H. Gypenoside XLIX loaded nanoparticles targeting therapy for renal fibrosis and its mechanism. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 910:174501. [PMID: 34529980 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the main pathological feature of the occurrence and development of chronic nephropathy. At present, there is no effective treatment, except for renal transplantation and dialysis. Previous studies have shown that nano-preparations can be used as a therapeutic tool to target organs. In this study, we studied the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Chinese medicine monomer Gypenoside (Gyp) XLIX on renal fibrosis and explored the targeting and therapeutic effects of polylactic acid-co-glycoside (PLGA)-Gyp XLIX nanoparticles in unilateral ureteral occlusion (UUO) kidney. Gyp XLIX and PLGA-Gyp XLIX nanoparticles were used to treat UUO mice and Human renal tubular epithelial (HK2) cells stimulated by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Histopathological and molecular biological techniques were used to detect the expression of type I collagen and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). To investigate the in vivo targeting of PLGA nanoparticles, they were loaded with 1,1-dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3-tetramethylindotricarbocyanine iodide and injected into UUO mice. We evaluated the effect of Gyp XLIX nanoparticles on TGF-β/Smad3 pathway, a central driver for renal fibrosis in Smad-deficient HK2 cells. Fluorescence imaging showed that the PLGA nanoparticles around 120 nm could be targeted to the UUO kidney. Compared with Gyp XLIX, PLGA-Gyp XLIX nanoparticles could effectively inhibit renal fibrosis and reduce collagen deposition and reduce renal tubular necrosis. Gyp XLIX decreased the phosphorylation of Smad3, but could not further reduce the levels of type I collagen and α-SMA in Smad-deficient cells. This study opens a promising way for targeted drug treatment of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixia Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Min Kan
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qian Gong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Rui Jin
- People's Hospital of Jieshou City, Jieshou, 236500, Anhui, China
| | - Yulong Dai
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Juan Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Hongmei Zang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China.
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17
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Targeting cellular senescence in cancer by plant secondary metabolites: A systematic review. Pharmacol Res 2021; 177:105961. [PMID: 34718135 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Senescence suppresses tumor growth, while also developing a tumorigenic state in the nearby cells that is mediated by senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASPs). The dual function of cellular senescence stresses the need for identifying multi-targeted agents directed towards the promotion of cell senescence in cancer cells and suppression of the secretion of pro-tumorigenic signaling mediators in neighboring cells. Natural secondary metabolites have shown favorable anticancer responses in recent decades, as some have been found to target the senescence-associated mediators and pathways. Furthermore, phenolic compounds and polyphenols, terpenes and terpenoids, alkaloids, and sulfur-containing compounds have shown to be promising anticancer agents through the regulation of paracrine and autocrine pathways. Plant secondary metabolites are potential regulators of SASPs factors that suppress tumor growth through paracrine mediators, including growth factors, cytokines, extracellular matrix components/enzymes, and proteases. On the other hand, ataxia-telangiectasia mutated, ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3-related, extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin, nuclear factor-κB, Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription, and receptor tyrosine kinase-associated mediators are main targets of candidate phytochemicals in the autocrine senescence pathway. Such a regulatory role of phytochemicals on senescence-associated pathways are associated with cell cycle arrest and the attenuation of apoptotic/inflammatory/oxidative stress pathways. The current systematic review highlights the critical roles of natural secondary metabolites in the attenuation of autocrine and paracrine cellular senescence pathways, while also elucidating the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic capabilities of these compounds. Additionally, we discuss current challenges, limitations, and future research indications.
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18
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Su C, Li N, Ren R, Wang Y, Su X, Lu F, Zong R, Yang L, Ma X. Progress in the Medicinal Value, Bioactive Compounds, and Pharmacological Activities of Gynostemma pentaphyllum. Molecules 2021; 26:6249. [PMID: 34684830 PMCID: PMC8540791 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino (GP), also named Jiaogulan in Chinese, was known to people for its function in both health care and disease treatment. Initially and traditionally, GP was a kind of tea consumed by people for its pleasant taste and weight loss efficacy. With the passing of the centuries, GP became well known as more than just a tea. Until now, numbers of bioactive compounds, including saponins (also named gypenosides, GPS), polysaccharides (GPP), flavonoids, and phytosterols were isolated and identified in GP, which implied the great medicinal worth of this unusual tea. Both in vivo and in vitro tests, ranging from different cell lines to animals, indicated that GP possessed various biological activities including anti-cancer, anti-atherogenic, anti-dementia, and anti-Parkinson's diseases, and it also had lipid-regulating effects as well as neuroprotection, hepatoprotective, and hypoglycemic properties. With the further development and utilization of GP, the research on the chemical constituents and pharmacological properties of GP were deepening day by day and had made great progress. In this review, the recent research progress in the bioactive compounds, especially gypenosides, and the pharmacological activities of GP were summarized, which will be quite useful for practical applications of GP in the treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lingling Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shenli Street, Yinchuan 750004, China; (C.S.); (N.L.); (R.R.); (Y.W.); (X.S.); (F.L.); (R.Z.)
| | - Xueqin Ma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, 1160 Shenli Street, Yinchuan 750004, China; (C.S.); (N.L.); (R.R.); (Y.W.); (X.S.); (F.L.); (R.Z.)
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19
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Jia Z, Xie Y, Wu H, Wang Z, Li A, Li Z, Yang Z, Zhang Z, Xing Z, Zhang X. Phlorizin from sweet tea inhibits the progress of esophageal cancer by antagonizing the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Oncol Rep 2021; 46:137. [PMID: 34036398 PMCID: PMC8165578 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Phlorizin, an important member of the dihydrochalcone family, has been widely used as a Chinese Traditional Medicine for treatment of numerous diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of phlorizin on esophageal cancer. Phlorizin, extracted from sweet tea, was used to treat esophageal cancer cells. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were determined using Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays, and wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis was used to investigate the potential mechanism of phlorizin in the development of esophageal cancer. Fluorescent staining and flow cytometry was used to measure the level of apoptosis. The expression level of the proteins, P62/SQSTM1 and LC3 І/II, and the effect of phlorizin on the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway was detected using western blot analysis. The results demonstrated that phlorizin could inhibit cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Bioinformatics analysis showed that phlorizin might be involved in pleiotropic effects, such as the ‘JAK/STAT signaling pathway’ (hsa04630), ‘MAPK signaling pathway’(hsa04010) and ‘apoptosis’ (hsa04210). It was also confirmed that phlorizin promoted apoptosis and inhibited autophagy in the esophageal cancer cells. Notably, phlorizin might inhibit the proteins in the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, which would affect cancer cells. Taken together, the present data showed that phlorizin inhibited the progression of esophageal cancer by antagonizing the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxian Jia
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
| | - Yuning Xie
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
| | - Hongjiao Wu
- College of Life Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- School of Pharmacy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
| | - Ang Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
| | - Ze Li
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
| | - Zhenbang Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Tangshan Gongren Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China
| | - Zhaobin Xing
- College of Life Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, P.R. China
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20
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Nguyen NH, Ha TKQ, Yang JL, Pham HTT, Oh WK. Triterpenoids from the genus Gynostemma: Chemistry and pharmacological activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 268:113574. [PMID: 33186700 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE G. pentaphyllum, also known as Jiao-Gu-Lan, has been used traditionally as folk remedies for many diseases, including diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases in China and some countries in East and Southeast Asia. It is considered as an "immortality herb" in Guizhou Province, because it was consumed regularly by the elderly native inhabitants. Other species of the same genus Gynostemma such as G. longipes and G. laxum have been used as alternatives to G. pentaphyllum in ethno-medicine in Vietnam and other Asian countries. AIM OF THE REVIEW The review aims to summarize up-to-date study results on Gynostemma species, including traditional usage, phytochemical profile, pharmacological activities, and toxicological studies, in order to suggest future research orientation and therapeutic applications on acute and chronic diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS The relevant literature on the genus Gynostemma was gathered from secondary databases (Web of Science and PubMed), books, and official websites. The latest literature cited in this review was published in February 2020. RESULTS The genus Gynostemma has been widely used in traditional medicine, mainly for treatment of diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and hepatosteatosis. To date, 328 dammarane-type saponins were isolated and structurally elucidated from Gynostemma species. Crude extracts, saponin-rich fractions (gypenosides), and pure compounds were reported to show a wide range of pharmacological activities in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. The most notable pharmacological effects were anti-cancer, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, and anti-inflammatory activities. Toxicological studies were conducted only on G. pentaphyllum, showing that the plant extracts were relatively safe in both acute and long-term toxicity experiments at the given dosage while no toxicological studies were reported for the other species. CONCLUSIONS The review summarizes current studies on traditional uses, phytochemistry, biological properties, and toxicology of medicinal Gynostemma species. Till now, the majority of publications still focused only on G. pentaphyllum. However, the promising preliminary data of other Gynostemma species indicated the research potential of this genus, both in phytochemical and pharmacological aspects. Furthermore, clinical data are required to evaluate the efficacy and undesired effects of crude extracts, standard saponin fractions, and pure compounds prepared from Gynostemma medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc-Hieu Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, PHENIKAA University, Hanoi, 12116, Viet Nam; PHENIKAA Research and Technology Institute (PRATI), A&A Green Phoenix Group JSC, No. 167 Hoang Ngan, Trung Hoa, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 11313, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Kim Quy Ha
- College of Natural Sciences, Cantho University, Campus II, Cantho City, Viet Nam
| | - Jun-Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources of CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Ha Thanh Tung Pham
- Department of Botany, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Won Keun Oh
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Han B, He C. Targeting autophagy using saponins as a therapeutic and preventive strategy against human diseases. Pharmacol Res 2021; 166:105428. [PMID: 33540047 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a ubiquitous mechanism for maintaining cellular homeostasis through the degradation of long-lived proteins, insoluble protein aggregates, and superfluous or damaged organelles. Dysfunctional autophagy is observed in a variety of human diseases. With advanced research into the role that autophagy plays in physiological and pathological conditions, targeting autophagy is becoming a novel tactic for disease management. Saponins are naturally occurring glycosides containing triterpenoids or steroidal sapogenins as aglycones, and some saponins are reported to modulate autophagy. Research suggests that saponins may have therapeutic and preventive efficacy against many autophagy-related diseases. Therefore, this review comprehensively summarizes and discusses the reported saponins that exhibit autophagy regulating activities. In addition, the relevant signaling pathways that the mechanisms involved in regulating autophagy and the targeted diseases were also discussed. By regulating autophagy and related pathways, saponins exhibit bioactivities against cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, atherosclerosis and other cardiac diseases, kidney diseases, liver diseases, acute pancreatitis, and osteoporosis. This review provides an overview of the autophagy-regulating activity of saponins, the underlying mechanisms and potential applications for managing various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Chengwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China.
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22
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Liu Y, Yang S, Wang K, Lu J, Bao X, Wang R, Qiu Y, Wang T, Yu H. Cellular senescence and cancer: Focusing on traditional Chinese medicine and natural products. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12894. [PMID: 32881115 PMCID: PMC7574878 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the principal cause of death and a dominant public health problem which seriously threatening human life. Among various ways to treat cancer, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and natural products have outstanding anti‐cancer effects with their unique advantages of high efficiency and minimal side effects. Cell senescence is a physiological process of cell growth stagnation triggered by stress, which is an important line of defence against tumour development. In recent years, active ingredients of TCM and natural products, as an interesting research hotspot, can induce cell senescence to suppress the occurrence and development of tumours, by inhibiting telomerase activity, triggering DNA damage, inducing SASP, and activating or inactivating oncogenes. In this paper, the recent research progress on the main compounds derived from TCM and natural products that play anti‐cancer roles by inducing cell senescence is systematically reviewed, aiming to provide a reference for the clinical treatment of pro‐senescent cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiman Liu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shenshen Yang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Kailong Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jia Lu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaomei Bao
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuling Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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23
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Wang Z, Gao J, Liu H, Ohno Y, Xu C. Targeting senescent cells and tumor therapy (Review). Int J Mol Med 2020; 46:1603-1610. [PMID: 33000195 PMCID: PMC7521582 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell senescence is caused by the activation of cell cycle inhibition pathways induced by an accumulation of cellular damage, where cells permanently leave the cell cycle. Senescent cells undergo changes in cell morphology, transcription, protein homeostasis, metabolism and other characteristic alterations. At the same time, senescent cells are able to resist apoptosis and accumulate in multiple organs and tissues in vivo. Senescent cells are capable of activating inflammatory factor secretion pathways, generating local, non-infectious inflammatory microenvironments within tissues, leading to organ degeneration and the development of aging-associated diseases. A large number of recently published studies have demonstrated that removing senescent cells from the body delays the occurrence of various aging-associated diseases. Therefore, the targeted killing of senescent cells potentially has important clinical applications in the treatment of various aging-associated diseases, aiming to improve the life span of patients. The present review summarizes recent progress that has been made in the field of senescent cell clearance and various anti-aging strategies. The history of cell senescence research is briefly reviewed, along with the association between cell senescence and tumor therapy. Furthermore, the potential of senescent cells to be used as therapeutic targets in various senescence-associated diseases is primarily discussed, and the limitations, as well as the future prospects of this line of research, are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Jianwen Gao
- Department of Mathematical Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565‑0871, Japan
| | - Haiou Liu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yuko Ohno
- Department of Mathematical Health Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565‑0871, Japan
| | - Congjian Xu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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24
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Li K, Ma C, Li H, Dev S, He J, Qu X. Medicinal Value and Potential Therapeutic Mechanisms of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino and Its Derivatives: An Overview. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 19:2855-2867. [PMID: 31724506 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666191114104718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
:
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino (GpM) and its derivatives, especially gypenosides
(Gyps), are widely used as safe and convenient natural herbal drugs for the treatment of many
diseases for a long time, and Gyps have different oral bioavailability (OB) values and low ability to
cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The effects of GpM and isolates on fibrosis, inflammation, oxidation,
proliferation and migration are proved. GpM shows bidirectional regulation effect on proliferation,
oxidation and apoptosis in tumor and non-tumor cells. GpM and its extractions can resist proliferation,
activate oxidation and apoptosis in tumor cells and have opposite effects on non-tumor cells. We succinctly
present some current views of medicinal value and potential therapeutic mechanisms of GpM
and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijun Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- Graduate School, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi, China
| | - Sooranna Dev
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, 369, Fulham Road, London SW10 9NH, United Kingdom
| | - JianFeng He
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaosheng Qu
- National Engineering laboratory of Southwest Endangered Medicinal Resources Development, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Guangxi, China
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