1
|
Mawlood IA, Saod WM, Al-Rawi AS, Aljumialy AM, Hilal N. Characterization and use of activated carbon synthesized from sunflower seed shell in the removal of Pb(II), Cd(II), and Cr(III) ions from aqueous solution. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:364. [PMID: 38478183 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12525-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
In this work, carbon-based nanomaterials such as active carbon which is prepared from common sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seed shell, and the characterization of the activated carbon NPs were studied using FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), XRD, SEM, EDS, and DTA techniques. Activated carbon NPs have been used in the adsorption of Pb(II), Cd(II), and Cr(III) ions from the aqueous phase. The results showed the highest adsorption efficiency was 99.9%, 92.45%, and 98% for Pb(II), Cd(II), and Cr(III) ions respectively at a temperature of 25 °C, pH = 7-9, and a time of 60 and 180 min, in addition to the accordance of the adsorption models for activated carbon with the Freundlich isotherm model at the value of R2 (0.9976, 0.9756, and 0.9907) and Langmuir isotherm model (0.966, 0.999, and 0.9873) of the Pb(II), Cd(II), and Cr(III) ions, respectively. We conclude the possibility of using activated carbon to have an extremely high sorption capacity across the conditions tested, with the highest adsorption efficiency having been >99% for Pb(II), Cd(II), and Cr(III) ions within the pH range 7-9 and a contact time of 60 to 180 min.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibtihal A Mawlood
- Department of Dams and Water Resources, College of Engineering, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq.
| | - Wahran M Saod
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq
| | - Ahmed S Al-Rawi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq
| | - Abdulsalam M Aljumialy
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Applied Science, University of Fallujah, Fallujah, Iraq
| | - Nahla Hilal
- Scientific Affairs Department, University Of Fallujah, Fallujah, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lavado-Meza C, De la Cruz-Cerrón L, Lavado-Puente C, Gamarra-Gómez F, Sacari-Sacari E, Dávalos-Prado JZ. Effective Removal of Cd(II) from Aqueous Solutions Using Theobroma cacao Agro-Industrial Waste. Molecules 2023; 28:5491. [PMID: 37513363 PMCID: PMC10385212 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Theobroma cacao agro-industrial waste (WTC) has been characterized and tested as an effective biosorbent to remove Cd(II) from aqueous media. At the optimum pH of 5.0, a maximum adsorption capacity of qe,max = 58.5 mg g-1 was determined. The structural and morphological characterization have been conducted by FTIR, SEM/EDX, and TGA measurements. The SEM/EDX results confirmed that the metals are adsorbed on the surface. C-O-C, OH, CH, NH, and C=O functional groups were identified by FTIR. TGA results were consistent with the presence of hemicellulose. Biosorption kinetics were rapid during the first 30 min and then reached equilibrium. The corresponding experimental data were well fitted to pseudo-first and -second order models, the latter being the best. The biosorption isotherm data were also well fitted to Temkin, Langmuir, and Freundlich models, showing that several sorption mechanisms may be involved in the Cd(II) biosorption process, which was characterized as exothermic (ΔH0 < 0), feasible, and spontaneous (ΔG0 < 0). In binary (Cd-Pb and Cd-Cu) and ternary (Cd-Pb-Cu) systems, Cu(II) and particularly Pb(II) co-cations exert strong antagonistic effects. Using HNO3, effective good regeneration of WTC was obtained to efficiently remove Cd(II) up to three times.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmencita Lavado-Meza
- Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Selva Central Juan Santos Atahualpa, Chanchamayo 12856, Peru
| | | | - Carmen Lavado-Puente
- Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Selva Central Juan Santos Atahualpa, Chanchamayo 12856, Peru
| | - Francisco Gamarra-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Nanotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, Av. Miraflores s/n, Tacna 23003, Peru
| | - Elisban Sacari-Sacari
- Laboratorio de Nanotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, Av. Miraflores s/n, Tacna 23003, Peru
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lavado-Meza C, Fernandez-Pezua MC, Gamarra-Gómez F, Sacari-Sacari E, Angeles-Suazo J, Dávalos-Prado JZ. Single and Binary Removals of Pb(II) and Cd(II) with Chemically Modified Opuntia ficus indica Cladodes. Molecules 2023; 28:4451. [PMID: 37298927 PMCID: PMC10254265 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, cladodes of Opuntia ficus indica (OFIC), chemically modified with NaOH (OFICM), have been prepared, characterized, and tested as an effective biomass to remove Pb(II) and/or Cd(II) from aqueous media. At an optimum pH of 4.5, the adsorption capacity, qe, of treated OFICM was almost four times higher than that of untreated OFIC. The maximum adsorption capacities (qmax) in the single removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II) were 116.8 and 64.7 mg g-1, respectively. These values were 12.1% and 70.6% higher than those for the corresponding qmax in binary removal, which indicates the strong inhibitive effect of Pb(II) on the co-cation Cd(II) in a binary system. Structural and morphological characterization have been carried out by FTIR, SEM/EDX, and point of zero charge (pHPZC) measurements. The SEM/EDX results confirmed that the metals are adsorbed on the surface. The presence of C-O, C=O, and COO- functional groups were identified by FTIR on both OFIC and OFICM surfaces. On the other hand, we found that the adsorption processes followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics for both single and binary systems, with a fast biosorption rate of Pb(II) and Cd(II). The equilibrium data (adsorption isotherms) were better described by Langmuir and modified-Langmuir models for single and binary systems, respectively. A good regeneration of OFICM was obtained with an eluent of 0.1 M HNO3. Therefore, OFICM can be efficiently reused to remove Pb or Cd, up to three times.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Miguel C. Fernandez-Pezua
- Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Selva Central Juan Santos Atahualpa, Chanchamayo 12856, Peru;
| | - Francisco Gamarra-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Nanotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, Tacna 23003, Peru; (F.G.-G.)
| | - Elisban Sacari-Sacari
- Laboratorio de Nanotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional Jorge Basadre Grohmann, Tacna 23003, Peru; (F.G.-G.)
| | - Julio Angeles-Suazo
- Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial, Universidad Tecnológica del Perú, Lima 15046, Peru;
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lavado-Meza C, De la Cruz-Cerrón L, Asencios YJ, Marcos FCF, Dávalos-Prado JZ. Alkaline Modification of Arabica-Coffee and Theobroma-Cocoa Agroindustrial Waste for Effective Removal of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solutions. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020683. [PMID: 36677741 PMCID: PMC9862124 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Arabica-coffee and Theobroma-cocoa agroindustrial wastes were treated with NaOH and characterized to efficiently remove Pb(II) from the aqueous media. The maximum Pb(II) adsorption capacities, qmax, of Arabica-coffee (WCAM) and Theobroma-cocoa (WCTM) biosorbents (qmax = 303.0 and 223.1 mg·g−1, respectively) were almost twice that of the corresponding untreated wastes and were higher than those of other similar agro-industrial biosorbents reported in the literature. Structural, chemical, and morphological characterization were performed by FT-IR, SEM/EDX, and point of zero charge (pHPZC) measurements. Both the WCAM and WCTM biosorbents showed typical uneven and rough cracked surfaces including the OH, C=O, COH, and C-O-C functional adsorbing groups. The optimal Pb(II) adsorption, reaching a high removal efficiency %R (>90%), occurred at a pH between 4 and 5 with a biosorbent dose of 2 g·L−1. The experimental data for Pb(II) adsorption on WACM and WCTM were well fitted with the Langmuir-isotherm and pseudo-second order kinetic models. These indicated that Pb(II) adsorption is a chemisorption process with the presence of a monolayer mechanism. In addition, the deduced thermodynamic parameters showed the endothermic (ΔH0 > 0), feasible, and spontaneous (ΔG0 < 0) nature of the adsorption processes studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmencita Lavado-Meza
- Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad Nacional Intercultural de la Selva Central Juan Santos Atahualpa, Chanchamayo 12856, Peru
- Correspondence: authors: (C.L.-M.); (J.Z.D.-P.)
| | | | - Yvan J.O. Asencios
- Institute of Marine Science, Federal University of São Paulo, Santos 11030-100, SP, Brazil
| | - Francielle Candian Firmino Marcos
- Escola Politecnica, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, t. 3, 380, São Paulo 05508-010, SP, Brazil
| | - Juan Z. Dávalos-Prado
- Instituto de Química Física “Rocasolano”, CSIC, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: authors: (C.L.-M.); (J.Z.D.-P.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fadhel Ali F, Al-Rawi AS, Aljumialy AM. Limestone residues of sculpting factories utilization as sorbent for removing Pb(II) ion from aqueous solution. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2022.100621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|