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Khalid MA, Mubeen M, Mukhtar M, Sumreen P, Naz B, Aydın F, Asil D, Iqbal A. Effect of surface ligands on the photoinduced electron transfer rate and efficiency in ZnO quantum dots and graphene oxide assemblies. Photochem Photobiol 2023. [PMID: 37961822 DOI: 10.1111/php.13881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Apart from biocompatibility, ZnO quantum dots (QDs) are considered to be an efficient luminescence material due to their low cost and high redox potential. Here, we report the synthesis of ZnO QDs by using five different functionalizing ligands like mercaptoacetic acid (MAA), 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA), octadecene (ODE), ethylene glycol (EG), and oleyl amine (OLA) and fabricate their assemblies with graphene oxide (GO). We investigate the role of functionalizing ligands as a surface modifier of ZnO QDs for their attachment to GO. The steady-state photoluminescence (SSPL) and time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) analyses demonstrate the photoluminescence (PL) quenching of ZnO QDs in ZnO QDs-GO assembly. The highest reduction in PL intensity is observed with ZnO QDs-GO assembly with EG as a surface functionalizing ligand. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) analysis confirms the feasibility of charge transfer from ZnO QDs to the GO. The maximum (79.43%) charge transfer efficiency (ECT ) is observed in the case of ZnO-MAA-GO as compared to other assemblies. This means the thiol group-containing ligands facilitate charge transfer as compared to hydroxyl and amine group ligands. This leads to the conclusion that charge transfer in ZnO QDs-GO assemblies depends strongly on the nature of surface ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adnan Khalid
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Mubeen
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Maria Mukhtar
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Poshmal Sumreen
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Naz
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Firdevs Aydın
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Demet Asil
- Department of Chemistry, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Azhar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Paredes P, Rauwel E, Wragg DS, Rapenne L, Estephan E, Volobujeva O, Rauwel P. Sunlight-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue with Facile One-Step Synthesized Cu-Cu 2O-Cu 3N Nanoparticle Mixtures. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1311. [PMID: 37110901 PMCID: PMC10144494 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Sunlight-driven photocatalytic degradation is an effective and eco-friendly technology for the removal of organic pollutants from contaminated water. Herein, we describe the one-step synthesis of Cu-Cu2O-Cu3N nanoparticle mixtures using a novel non-aqueous, sol-gel route and their application in the solar-driven photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. The crystalline structure and morphology were investigated with XRD, SEM and TEM. The optical properties of the as-prepared photocatalysts were investigated with Raman, FTIR, UV-Vis and photoluminescence spectroscopies. The influence of the phase proportions of Cu, Cu2O and Cu3N in the nanoparticle mixtures on the photocatalytic activity was also investigated. Overall, the sample containing the highest quantity of Cu3N exhibits the highest photocatalytic degradation efficiency (95%). This enhancement is attributed to factors such as absorption range broadening, increased specific surface of the photocatalysts and the downward band bending in the p-type semiconductors, i.e., Cu3N and Cu2O. Two different catalytic dosages were studied, i.e., 5 mg and 10 mg. The higher catalytic dosage exhibited lower photocatalytic degradation efficiency owing to the increase in the turbidity of the solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio Paredes
- Institute of Forestry and Engineering Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 56/1, 51014 Tartu, Estonia; (P.P.); (E.R.)
| | - Erwan Rauwel
- Institute of Forestry and Engineering Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 56/1, 51014 Tartu, Estonia; (P.P.); (E.R.)
| | - David S. Wragg
- Department of Chemistry and SMN, University of Oslo, 0315 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Laetitia Rapenne
- Grenoble Institute of Engineering, LMGP, University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France;
| | - Elias Estephan
- Laboratory of Bioengineering and Biosciences, LBN, Univ Montpellier, 34193 Montpellier, France
| | - Olga Volobujeva
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia;
| | - Protima Rauwel
- Institute of Forestry and Engineering Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 56/1, 51014 Tartu, Estonia; (P.P.); (E.R.)
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Mourdikoudis S, Menelaou M, Fiuza-Maneiro N, Zheng G, Wei S, Pérez-Juste J, Polavarapu L, Sofer Z. Oleic acid/oleylamine ligand pair: a versatile combination in the synthesis of colloidal nanoparticles. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:941-1015. [PMID: 35770698 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00111j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A variety of colloidal chemical approaches has been developed in the last few decades for the controlled synthesis of nanostructured materials in either water or organic solvents. Besides the precursors, the solvents, reducing agents, and the choice of surfactants are crucial for tuning the composition, morphology and other properties of the resulting nanoparticles. The ligands employed include thiols, amines, carboxylic acids, phosphines and phosphine oxides. Generally, adding a single ligand to the reaction mixture is not always adequate to yield the desired features. In this review, we discuss in detail the role of the oleic acid/oleylamine ligand pair in the chemical synthesis of nanoparticles. The combined use of these ligands belonging to two different categories of molecules aims to control the size and shape of nanoparticles and prevent their aggregation, not only during their synthesis but also after their dispersion in a carrier solvent. We show how the different binding strengths of these two molecules and their distinct binding modes on specific facets affect the reaction kinetics toward the production of nanostructures with tailored characteristics. Additional functions, such as the reducing function, are also noted, especially for oleylamine. Sometimes, the carboxylic acid will react with the alkylamine to form an acid-base complex, which may serve as a binary capping agent and reductant; however, its reducing capacity may range from lower to much lower than that of oleylamine. The types of nanoparticles synthesized in the simultaneous presence of oleic acid and oleylamine and discussed herein include metal oxides, metal chalcogenides, metals, bimetallic structures, perovskites, upconversion particles and rare earth-based materials. Diverse morphologies, ranging from spherical nanoparticles to anisotropic, core-shell and hetero-structured configurations are presented. Finally, the relation between tuning the resulting surface and volume nanoparticle properties and the relevant applications is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Mourdikoudis
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 16628 - Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Melita Menelaou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Geotechnical Sciences and Environmental Management, Cyprus University of Technology, 3036 Limassol, Cyprus.
| | - Nadesh Fiuza-Maneiro
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Materials Chemistry and Physics, Department of Physical Chemistry, Campus Universitario Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Guangchao Zheng
- School of Physics and Microelectronics, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shuangying Wei
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 16628 - Prague 6, Czech Republic.
| | - Jorge Pérez-Juste
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Departamento de Química Física, Campus Universitario As Lagoas, Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Lakshminarayana Polavarapu
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Materials Chemistry and Physics, Department of Physical Chemistry, Campus Universitario Lagoas Marcosende, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Zdeněk Sofer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technicka 5, 16628 - Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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Chang KP, Yeh YC, Wu CJ, Yen CC, Wuu DS. Improved Characteristics of CdSe/CdS/ZnS Core-Shell Quantum Dots Using an Oleylamine-Modified Process. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:909. [PMID: 35335721 PMCID: PMC8950307 DOI: 10.3390/nano12060909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
CdSe/CdS with ZnS/ZnO shell quantum dots (QDs) are synthesized by a one-pot method with various oleylamine (OLA) contents. The crystal structures of the QDs were analyzed by X-ray diffractometry, which showed ZnS diffraction peaks. It was represented that the ZnS shell was formed on the surface of the CdSe/CdS core. Interestingly, QDs with a high OLA concentration exhibit diffraction peaks of ZnS/ZnO. As a result, the thermal stability of QDs with ZnS/ZnO shells exhibits better performance than those with ZnS shells. In addition, the photoluminescence intensity of QDs with ZnS/ZnO shells shows a relatively slow decay of 7.1% compared with ZnS shells at 85 °C/85% relative humidity aging test for 500 h. These indicate that QDs with different OLA modifications can form ZnS/ZnO shells and have good stability in a harsh environment. The emission wavelength of QDs can be tuned from 505 to 610 nm, suitable for micro-LED display applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Ping Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (K.-P.C.); (Y.-C.Y.); (C.-J.W.); (C.-C.Y.)
| | - Yu-Cheng Yeh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (K.-P.C.); (Y.-C.Y.); (C.-J.W.); (C.-C.Y.)
| | - Chung-Jui Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (K.-P.C.); (Y.-C.Y.); (C.-J.W.); (C.-C.Y.)
| | - Chao-Chun Yen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (K.-P.C.); (Y.-C.Y.); (C.-J.W.); (C.-C.Y.)
| | - Dong-Sing Wuu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (K.-P.C.); (Y.-C.Y.); (C.-J.W.); (C.-C.Y.)
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Materials and Optoelectronic Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Nantou 54561, Taiwan
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