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Son JE, Jo JY, Kim S, Park MJ, Lee Y, Park SS, Park SY, Jung SM, Jung SK, Kim JY, Byun S. Rice Bran Extract Suppresses High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia and Hepatosteatosis through Targeting AMPK and STAT3 Signaling. Nutrients 2023; 15:3630. [PMID: 37630819 PMCID: PMC10457887 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice bran, a by-product of rice milling, is abundant in bioactive molecules and is highly recognized for its health-promoting properties, particularly in improving metabolic conditions. Building on this knowledge, we aimed to optimize the extraction conditions to maximize the functional efficacy of rice bran extract (RBE) and further validate its impact on lipid metabolism. We found that the optimized RBE (ORBE) significantly suppressed high-fat diet-induced weight gain, hyperlipidemia, and hepatosteatosis in mouse models. ORBE treatment not only suppressed lipid uptake in vivo, but also reduced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. Importantly, we discovered that ORBE administration resulted in activation of AMPK and inhibition of STAT3, which are both crucial players in lipid metabolism in the liver. Collectively, ORBE potentially offers promise as a dietary intervention strategy against hyperlipidemia and hepatosteatosis. This study underlines the value of optimized extraction conditions in enhancing the functional efficacy of rice bran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Eun Son
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada;
| | - Jay-Young Jo
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.J.); (S.Y.P.)
| | - San Kim
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Tailored Food Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ju Park
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Yerin Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Shil Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin Young Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.J.); (S.Y.P.)
| | - Su Myung Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Keun Jung
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Tailored Food Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanguine Byun
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (J.-Y.J.); (S.Y.P.)
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Barros Santos MC, Barouh N, Lullien-Pellerin V, Micard V, Villeneuve P, Zhou B, Oger C, Vigor C, Durand T, Ferreira MSL, Bourlieu-Lacanal C, Ryan EP. Rice Bran Lipidome Identifies Novel Phospholipids, Glycolipids, and Oxylipins with Roles in Lipid Metabolism of Hypercholesterolemic Children. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200111. [PMID: 36461912 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The purpose of the study is to characterize the chemical diversity in rice bran (RB) lipidome and determines whether daily RB consumption for 4 weeks may modulate plasma lipid profiles in children. METHODS AND RESULTS Untargeted and targeted lipidomics via ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) are applied to identify bioactive RB lipids from a collection of 17 rice varieties. To determine the impact of RB (Calrose-USA variety) supplementation on plasma lipid profile, a secondary analysis of plasma lipidome is conducted on data recorded in a clinical study (NCT01911390, n = 18 moderately hypercholesterolemic children) before and after 4 weeks of dietary intervention with a control or RB supplemented (15 g day-1 ) snack. Untargeted lipidomic reveals 118 lipids as the core of lipidome across all varieties among which phospholipids are abundant and oxylipins present. Phytoprostanes and phytofurans are quantified and characterized. Lipidome analysis of the children plasma following RB consumption reveals the presence of polar lipids and oxylipins alongside putative modulations in endocannabinoids associated with RB consumption. CONCLUSION The investigation of novel polar lipids, oxylipins, phytoprostanes, and phytofurans in RB extracts provides support for new health-promoting properties interesting for people at risk for cardiometabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Millena Cristina Barros Santos
- Laboratory of Bioactives, Food and Nutrition Graduate Program (PPGAN), Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- UMR IATE, UM/INRAE/Institut Agro, Montpellier, F-34060, France
| | - Nathalie Barouh
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, Montpellier, F-34398, France
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, Université de La Réunion, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Valérie Micard
- UMR IATE, UM/INRAE/Institut Agro, Montpellier, F-34060, France
| | - Pierre Villeneuve
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, Montpellier, F-34398, France
- Qualisud, Univ Montpellier, Avignon Université, CIRAD, Institut Agro, Université de La Réunion, Montpellier, France
| | - Bingqing Zhou
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, University of Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier, F-34090, France
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, University of Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier, F-34090, France
| | - Claire Vigor
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, University of Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier, F-34090, France
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, University of Montpellier, ENSCM, Montpellier, F-34090, France
| | - Mariana Simões Larraz Ferreira
- Laboratory of Bioactives, Food and Nutrition Graduate Program (PPGAN), Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Elizabeth P Ryan
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
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Shahidi F, Danielski R, Rhein SO, Meisel LA, Fuentes J, Speisky H, Schwember AR, de Camargo AC. Wheat and Rice beyond Phenolic Acids: Genetics, Identification Database, Antioxidant Properties, and Potential Health Effects. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3283. [PMID: 36501323 PMCID: PMC9739071 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Wheat and rice play a vital role in human nutrition and food security. A better understanding of the potential health benefits associated with consuming these cereals, combined with studies by plant scientists and food chemists to view the entire food value chain from the field, pre and post-harvest processing, and subsequent "fork" consumption, may provide the necessary tools to optimize wheat and rice production towards the goal of better human health improvement and food security, providing tools to better adapt to the challenges associated with climate change. Since the available literature usually focuses on only one food chain segment, this narrative review was designed to address the identities and concentration of phenolics of these cereal crops from a farm-to-fork perspective. Wheat and rice genetics, phenolic databases, antioxidant properties, and potential health effects are summarized. These cereals contain much more than phenolic acids, having significant concentrations of flavonoids (including anthocyanins) and proanthocyanidins in a cultivar-dependent manner. Their potential health benefits in vitro have been extensively studied. According to a number of in vivo studies, consumption of whole wheat, wheat bran, whole rice, and rice bran may be strategies to improve health. Likewise, anthocyanin-rich cultivars have shown to be very promising as functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereidoon Shahidi
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Renan Danielski
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1C 5S7, Canada
| | - Samantha Ottani Rhein
- Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - Lee A. Meisel
- Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - Jocelyn Fuentes
- Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - Hernan Speisky
- Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, University of Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
| | - Andrés R. Schwember
- Departament of Plant Sciences, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
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Andriani R, Subroto T, Ishmayana S, Kurnia D. Enhancement Methods of Antioxidant Capacity in Rice Bran: A Review. Foods 2022; 11:foods11192994. [PMID: 36230070 PMCID: PMC9564381 DOI: 10.3390/foods11192994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a primary food that is widely consumed throughout the world, especially in Asian countries. The two main subspecies of rice are japonica and indica which are different in physical characteristics. In general, both indica and japonica rice consist of three types of grain colors, namely white, red, and black. Furthermore, rice and rice by-products contain secondary metabolites such as phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and tocopherols that have bioactivities such as antioxidants, antimicrobial, cancer chemopreventive, antidiabetic, and hypolipidemic agents. The existence of health benefits in rice bran, especially as antioxidants, gives rice bran the opportunity to be used as a functional food. Most of the bioactive compounds in plants are found in bound form with cell wall components such as cellulose and lignin. The process of releasing bonds between bioactive components and cell wall components in rice bran can increase the antioxidant capacity. Fermentation and treatment with enzymes were able to increase the total phenolic content, total flavonoids, tocotrienols, tocopherols, and γ-oryzanol in rice bran.
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5
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Wu SJ, Li KJ, Tsai MH, Ng LT. Comparative effects of black pigmented and non-pigmented brown rice on hypolipidemic activity and their mechanisms of action in high fat diet-induced hamsters. J Cereal Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2022.103526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Soujanya KV, Jayadeep AP. Obesity-associated biochemical markers of inflammation and the role of grain phytochemicals. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14257. [PMID: 35674206 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of obesity or excessive fat accumulation in the body is increasing worldwide and has become one of the major growing health problems. Obese condition is linked with an increased level of body lipids, oxidative stress, and expression of inflammatory markers. This leads to plasma and hepatic hyperlipidemia, activation of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β), and transcriptional factors, which in turn lead to a high risk of cardiovascular diseases, insulin resistance, diabetes, asthma, rheumatological problem, and liver failure. Grains are the major staple food crops grown for consumption in most of the developing countries. Cereals and millets, such as rice, wheat, maize, barley, finger millet, foxtail millet, proso millet, kodo millet in the whole form with bran, germ, and endosperm, are found to be rich in phytochemicals, such as phenolics acids, vitamin E, phytosterols, carotenoids, antioxidants, dietary fiber, which have a potential health benefit on various lifestyle disorders. In this article, we summarize the findings and investigations regarding the anti-inflammatory effect of various grain phytochemicals in in vitro and in vivo models and their potential health benefits. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: The occurrence of obesity is rising globally and is becoming a major health concern. Obesity will lead to multiple health problems due to oxidative and inflammatory stress in the body. Whole forms of cereals and millets consumptions have shown to reduce the risk of metabolic disorders and several chronic diseases. Potential bioactive components in various grains will act on the inhibition ofbiochemical markers connected with inflammation and adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kategowdru Vijayakumar Soujanya
- Department of Grain Science and Technology, CSIR - Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR - Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India
| | - Appukuttan Padmanabhan Jayadeep
- Department of Grain Science and Technology, CSIR - Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR - Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India
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Phothi T, Tunsophon S, Tiyaboonchai W, Khongsombat O. Effects of curcumin and γ‑oryzanol solid dispersion on the brain of middle‑aged rats. Biomed Rep 2022; 17:59. [PMID: 35719843 PMCID: PMC9198973 DOI: 10.3892/br.2022.1542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is one of the major factors that contributes to brain deterioration in the elderly. Oxidation causes molecular alterations, structural damage, and brain dysfunction, which includes cognitive impairment. Memory loss can begin in middle-aged individuals, so prevention of brain deterioration before aging is important. Several studies have reported that curcumin and γ-oryzanol exhibits anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, curcumin and γ-oryzanol exhibit low aqueous solubility. Thus, a solid dispersion technique was used to prepare curcumin and γ-oryzanol to enhance their solubility and stability. This study aims to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of γ-oryzanol solid dispersion (GOSD) and curcumin solid dispersion (CURSD) on learning and memory in six groups of male rats (n=5/group). Group one was the adult control consisting of 6-week old male rats, and the remaining five groups consisted of 42-week (middle-aged) male rats. The groups were labeled as the control group, the GO group (GOSD 10 mg/kg·BW), the Cur group (CURSD 50 mg/kg·BW), the GO-LCur group (GOSD 10 mg/kg·BW plus CURSD 25 mg/kg·BW), and the GO-HCur group (GOSD 10 mg/kg·BW plus CURSD 50 mg/kg·BW). Substances were administrated by oral gavage once daily for 42 consecutive days. The GO-HCur group exhibited significantly increased learning and memory performance in a Morris water maze and in reacting to a spontaneous tendency novel object test. The rats also exhibited decreased levels of lipid peroxidation, increased superoxide dismutase levels, glutathione peroxidase levels, catalase activity, and enhanced c-Fos expression both in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. The results indicated that GOSD 10 mg/kg plus CURSD 50 mg/kg was able to enhance learning and memory performance in the middle-aged rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanyaphon Phothi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Sakara Tunsophon
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Waree Tiyaboonchai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Onrawee Khongsombat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
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Sapwarobol S, Saphyakhajorn W, Astina J. Biological Functions and Activities of Rice Bran as a Functional Ingredient: A Review. Nutr Metab Insights 2021; 14:11786388211058559. [PMID: 34898989 PMCID: PMC8655829 DOI: 10.1177/11786388211058559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice bran (RB) is a nutrient-rich by-product of the rice milling process. It consists of pericarp, seed coat, nucellus, and aleurone layer. RB is a rich source of a protein, fat, dietary fibers, vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals (mainly oryzanols and tocopherols), and is currently mostly used as animal feed. Various studies have revealed the beneficial health effects of RB, which result from its functional components including dietary fiber, rice bran protein, and gamma-oryzanol. The health effects of RB including antidiabetic, lipid-lowering, hypotensive, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects, while its consumption also improves bowel function. These health benefits have drawn increasing attention to RB in food applications and as a nutraceutical product to mitigate metabolic risk factors in humans. This review therefore focuses on RB and its health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suwimol Sapwarobol
- The Medical Food Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Weeraya Saphyakhajorn
- Graduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Junaida Astina
- Graduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Park S, Chang HC, Lee JJ. Rice Bran Fermented with Kimchi-Derived Lactic Acid Bacteria Prevents Metabolic Complications in Mice on a High-Fat and -Cholesterol Diet. Foods 2021; 10:foods10071501. [PMID: 34203398 PMCID: PMC8303271 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This aim of this study was to investigate the potential beneficial effects of rice bran powder, fermented by Weissella koreensis DB1 isolated from kimchi, to protect against obesity and dyslipidemia induced by a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet, in a mouse model. Male mice were fed a modified AIN-93M diet containing high fat/high-cholesterol (HFCD), or same diet supplemented with non-fermented rice bran powder (HFCD-RB) or fermented rice bran powder (HFCD-FRB) for 10 weeks. In the HFCD-FRB group, body weight, liver and white fat pads weights, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), non-high-density lipopreotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), insulin, glucose and leptine levels in serum, TG levels and the ratio of fat droplets in the liver, TG levels and fat cell size in adipose tissue were decreased, and (high-density lipopreotein cholesterol) HDL-C and adiponectin levels in serum were increased, compared with the HFCD group. The HFCD-FRB group had significantly lower CCAAT-enhancer-binding potein α (C/EBPα), sterol regulatory element-binding transcription protein-1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC) gene expression when compared to the HFCD group. The anti-obesity and hypolipidemic effects were marginally greater in the HFCD-FRB group than in the HFCD-RB group. These results suggest that fermented rice bran powder by Weissella koreensis DB1 may have potential beneficial effects on the obesity-related abnormalities and the dysfunction of lipid metabolism.
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Silva NC, Poetini MR, Bianchini MC, Almeida FP, Dahle MMM, Araujo SM, Bortolotto VC, Musachio EAS, Ramborger BP, Novo DLR, Roehrs R, Mesko MF, Prigol M, Puntel RL. Protective effect of gamma-oryzanol against manganese-induced toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:17519-17531. [PMID: 33403631 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11848-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential element that, in excess, seems to be involved in the development of different neurodegenerative conditions. Gamma-oryzanol (Ory) was previously reported to possess antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. Thus, we conducted this study to test the hypothesis that Ory can also protect flies in an Mn intoxication model. Adult wild-type flies were fed over 10 days with Mn (5 mM) and/or Ory (25 μM). Flies treated with Mn had a decrease in locomotor activity and a higher mortality rate compared to those in controls. Mn-treated flies also had a significant increase in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, in Mn accumulation and in oxidative stress markers. Moreover, flies treated with Mn exhibited a significant decrease in dopamine levels and in tyrosine hydroxylase activity, as well as in mitochondrial and cellular viability. Particularly important, Ory protected against mortality and avoided locomotor and biochemical changes associated with Mn exposure. However, Ory did not prevent the accumulation of Mn. The present results support the notion that Ory effectively attenuates detrimental changes associated with Mn exposure in Drosophila melanogaster, reinforcing its neuroprotective action/potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neicí Cáceres Silva
- Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Campus Itaqui, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica (PPGBioq), Rua Joaquim de Sá Britto, s/n - Bairro Promorar, Itaqui, RS, CEP 97650-000, Brazil
| | - Márcia Rósula Poetini
- Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Campus Itaqui, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica (PPGBioq), Rua Joaquim de Sá Britto, s/n - Bairro Promorar, Itaqui, RS, CEP 97650-000, Brazil
| | - Matheus Chimelo Bianchini
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica (PPGBioq), BR-472 Km 7, Uruguaiana, RS, CEP 97500-970, Brazil
| | - Francielli Polet Almeida
- Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Campus Itaqui, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica (PPGBioq), Rua Joaquim de Sá Britto, s/n - Bairro Promorar, Itaqui, RS, CEP 97650-000, Brazil
| | - Mustafá Munir Mustafa Dahle
- Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Campus Itaqui, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica (PPGBioq), Rua Joaquim de Sá Britto, s/n - Bairro Promorar, Itaqui, RS, CEP 97650-000, Brazil
| | - Stífani Machado Araujo
- Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Campus Itaqui, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica (PPGBioq), Rua Joaquim de Sá Britto, s/n - Bairro Promorar, Itaqui, RS, CEP 97650-000, Brazil
| | - Vandreza Cardoso Bortolotto
- Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Campus Itaqui, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica (PPGBioq), Rua Joaquim de Sá Britto, s/n - Bairro Promorar, Itaqui, RS, CEP 97650-000, Brazil
| | - Elize Aparecida Santos Musachio
- Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Campus Itaqui, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica (PPGBioq), Rua Joaquim de Sá Britto, s/n - Bairro Promorar, Itaqui, RS, CEP 97650-000, Brazil
| | - Bruna Piaia Ramborger
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica (PPGBioq), BR-472 Km 7, Uruguaiana, RS, CEP 97500-970, Brazil
| | - Diogo La Rosa Novo
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário, S/N - Prédio/Bloco: 30 e 32, Capão do Leão, RS, CEP 96160-000, Brazil
| | - Rafael Roehrs
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica (PPGBioq), BR-472 Km 7, Uruguaiana, RS, CEP 97500-970, Brazil
| | - Marcia Foster Mesko
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Universitário, S/N - Prédio/Bloco: 30 e 32, Capão do Leão, RS, CEP 96160-000, Brazil
| | - Marina Prigol
- Universidade Federal do Pampa (UNIPAMPA), Campus Itaqui, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica (PPGBioq), Rua Joaquim de Sá Britto, s/n - Bairro Promorar, Itaqui, RS, CEP 97650-000, Brazil.
| | - Robson Luiz Puntel
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica (PPGBioq), BR-472 Km 7, Uruguaiana, RS, CEP 97500-970, Brazil.
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Cunha LF, Ongaratto MA, Endres M, Barschak AG. Modelling hypercholesterolaemia in rats using high cholesterol diet. Int J Exp Pathol 2021; 102:74-79. [PMID: 33710712 PMCID: PMC7981591 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypercholesterolaemia is a complex condition with multiple causes, including both lifestyle and genetic aspects. It is also a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which are responsible for 172 million deaths/year. Although the reasons for hypercholesterolaemia are known, there are many critical questions that remain to be answered so that new therapeutics can be developed. In order to elucidate the pathobiology of this condition, animal models can mimic the pathology of human hypercholesterolaemia. One example of an animal model is induced by the hypercholesterolaemic diet in Wistar rats. The present review first summarizes the current understanding of the metabolic profile involved in hypercholesterolaemia in humans. Next it comments about the lack of consensus as to which hypercholesterolaemia induction protocol should be used. The present work aimed to review experimental studies that induced hypercholesterolaemia in Wistar rats it was not intended to judge the "best" model, since they all achieved the goal of inducing an increase in serum cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Ferracini Cunha
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA)Porto AlegreBrazil
| | | | - Marcelo Endres
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA)Porto AlegreBrazil
| | - Alethea Gatto Barschak
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Ciências da SaúdeUniversidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA)Porto AlegreBrazil
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Huang L, Zhang Y, Su E, Liu Y, Deng Y, Jin L, Chen Z, Li S, Zhao Y, He N. Eight biomarkers on a novel strip for early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:1138-1143. [PMID: 36133047 PMCID: PMC9419248 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00644c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Accurate detection of markers in human serum is important in the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This work presents a novel eight biomarker strip, which combines dry chemistry with a fluorescence lateral flow assay. Eight AMI markers were employed simultaneously for sensitive detection, including cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), uric acid (UA), myoglobin (Myo), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), and cardiac troponin I (cTnI). The strip offers the advantages of simple fabrication, convenience, time-saving detection and accurate assessment for AMI. Moreover, the strip possesses acceptable applicability for human serum. This proposed strategy establishes a remarkable platform for the construction of a multi-target detection strip that is feasible for accurate detection for real human serum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou 412007 P. R. China
- Getein Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Nanjing 210000 China
| | | | - Enben Su
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou 412007 P. R. China
- Getein Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Nanjing 210000 China
| | - Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China
| | - Yan Deng
- Getein Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Nanjing 210000 China
| | - Lian Jin
- Getein Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Nanjing 210000 China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Getein Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Nanjing 210000 China
| | - Song Li
- Getein Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Nanjing 210000 China
| | - Yongxiang Zhao
- National Center for International Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University Guangxi 530021 China
| | - Nongyue He
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University Nanjing 210096 China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology Zhuzhou 412007 P. R. China
- National Center for International Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University Guangxi 530021 China
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Lee KH, Jeong ES, Jang G, Na JR, Park S, Kang WS, Kim E, Choi H, Kim JS, Kim S. Unripe Rubus coreanus Miquel Extract Containing Ellagic Acid Regulates AMPK, SREBP-2, HMGCR, and INSIG-1 Signaling and Cholesterol Metabolism In Vitro and In Vivo. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030610. [PMID: 32110925 PMCID: PMC7146129 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that a 5% ethanol extract of unripe Rubus coreanus (5-uRCK) has hypo-cholesterolemic and anti-obesity activity. However, the molecular mechanisms of its effects are poorly characterized. We hypothesized that 5-uRCK and one of its major bioactive compounds, ellagic acid, decrease cellular and plasma cholesterol levels. Thus, we investigated the hypocholesterolemic activity and mechanism of 5-uRCK in both hepatocytes and a high-cholesterol diet (HCD)-induced rat model. Cholesterol in the liver and serum was significantly reduced by 5-uRCK and ellagic acid. The hepatic activities of HMG-CoA and CETP were reduced, and the hepatic activity of LCAT was increased by both 5-uRCK extract and ellagic acid, which also caused histological improvements. The MDA content in the aorta and serum was significantly decreased after oral administration of 5-uRCK or ellagic acid. Further immunoblotting analysis showed that AMPK phosphorylation in the liver was induced by 5-uRCK and ellagic acid, which activated AMPK, inhibiting the activity of HMGCR by inhibitory phosphorylation. In contrast, 5-uRCK and ellagic acid suppressed the nuclear translocation and activation of SREBP-2, which is a key transcription factor in cholesterol biosynthesis. In conclusion, our results suggest that 5-uRCK and its bioactive compound, ellagic acid, are useful alternative therapeutic agents to regulate blood cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sunoh Kim
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-528-2201; Fax: +82-62-528-2202
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Zhong Q, Wei B, Wang S, Ke S, Chen J, Zhang H, Wang H. The Antioxidant Activity of Polysaccharides Derived from Marine Organisms: An Overview. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E674. [PMID: 31795427 PMCID: PMC6950075 DOI: 10.3390/md17120674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine-derived antioxidant polysaccharides have aroused extensive attention because of their potential nutritional and therapeutic benefits. However, the comprehensive comparison of identified marine-derived antioxidant polysaccharides is still inaccessible, which would facilitate the discovery of more efficient antioxidants from marine organisms. Thus, this review summarizes the sources, chemical composition, structural characteristics, and antioxidant capacity of marine antioxidant polysaccharides, as well as their protective in vivo effects mediated by antioxidative stress reported in the last few years (2013-2019), and especially highlights the dominant role of marine algae as antioxidant polysaccharide source. In addition, the relationships between the chemical composition and structural characteristics of marine antioxidant polysaccharides with their antioxidant capacity were also discussed. The antioxidant activity was found to be determined by multiple factors, including molecular weight, monosaccharide composition, sulfate position and its degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwu Zhong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Q.Z.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (S.K.); (J.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Bin Wei
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Q.Z.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (S.K.); (J.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Sijia Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Q.Z.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (S.K.); (J.C.); (H.Z.)
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Rehabilitation Building 32-21, 1000 Veteran Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
| | - Songze Ke
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Q.Z.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (S.K.); (J.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Jianwei Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Q.Z.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (S.K.); (J.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Huawei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Q.Z.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (S.K.); (J.C.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; (Q.Z.); (B.W.); (S.W.); (S.K.); (J.C.); (H.Z.)
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Ruiz-Canizales J, Domínguez-Avila JA, Wall-Medrano A, Ayala-Zavala JF, González-Córdova AF, Vallejo-Córdoba B, Salazar-López NJ, González-Aguilar GA. Fiber and phenolic compounds contribution to the hepatoprotective effects of mango diets in rats fed high cholesterol/sodium cholate. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2996-3007. [PMID: 31418509 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the contribution of mango fiber (MF) and mango phenolic compounds (MP) to the hepatoprotective effect of freeze-dried mango pulp (FDM) cultivar (cv.) "Ataulfo" diets in high cholesterol/sodium cholate (HCC)-fed rats. Male Wistar rats were fed with a HCC diet for 12 weeks, either untreated, or supplemented with MF, MP, FDM, or a control diet (no HCC; n = 6/group). All mango treatments significantly decreased hepatic cholesterol deposition and altered its fatty acid profile, whereas MF and MP mitigated adipose tissue hypertrophy. MF caused a lower level of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1α/β, IFN-γ, TNF-α) whereas FDM increased the anti-inflammatory ones (IL-4, 6, 10). Mango treatments increased catalase (CAT) activity and its mRNA expression; superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was normalized by MF and FDM, but its activity was unrelated to its hepatic mRNA expression. Changes in CAT and SOD mRNA expression were unrelated to altered Nrf2 mRNA expression. Higher hepatic PPARα and LXRα mRNA levels were found in MP and MF. We concluded that MF and MP are highly bioactive, according to the documented hepatoprotection in HCC-fed rats; their mechanism of action appears to be related to modulating cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism as well as to stimulating the endogenous antioxidant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Ruiz-Canizales
- Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Vegetal, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Hermosillo, México
| | | | - Abraham Wall-Medrano
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, México
| | - J Fernando Ayala-Zavala
- Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Vegetal, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Hermosillo, México
| | - Aarón F González-Córdova
- Coordinación de Alimentos de Origen Animal, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Hermosillo, México
| | - Belinda Vallejo-Córdoba
- Coordinación de Alimentos de Origen Animal, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Hermosillo, México
| | | | - Gustavo A González-Aguilar
- Coordinación de Tecnología de Alimentos de Origen Vegetal, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A. C., Hermosillo, México
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Antioxidant activity of purified ulvan in hyperlipidemic mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 113:971-975. [PMID: 29476858 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.02.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have reported that ulvan from the alga Ulva pertusa (Chlorophyta) exhibits substantial antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic activities; however, which group of heteropolysaccharides play roles in these activities remains unknown. In this study, three purified ulvan (PU1, PU2 and PU3) have been obtained by DEAE-Sepharose fast-flow column. The antioxidant activity was detected via the model of hyperlipidemic Kunming mice, including malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in liver. PU3, which possessed the highest uronic acid content (24.09%) and sulfate content (23.99%) as well as the lowest average molecular weight (83,094 Da), exhibited the stronger antioxidant activity than other examples. It significantly decreased MDA (29.2%; P < 0.05), increased SOD (36.4%; P < 0.05) and CAT (43.6%; P < 0.05) compared with hyperlipidemia group. In conclusion, PU3 may be potential sources of natural antioxidant to protecting against the liver damage of oxidative stress induced by cholesterol-rich diet.
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Hypotheses on the Potential of Rice Bran Intake to Prevent Gastrointestinal Cancer through the Modulation of Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071352. [PMID: 28672811 PMCID: PMC5535845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested the potential involvement of oxidative stress in gastrointestinal cancers. In light of this, research efforts have been focused on the potential of dietary antioxidant intake to prevent gastrointestinal cancer through the modulation of oxidative stress. Rice bran, a by-product of rice milling, has been shown to contain an abundance of phytochemicals, which are dietary antioxidants. To date, a number of studies have shown the antioxidative effect of rice bran intake, and some demonstrated that such an effect may contribute to gastrointestinal cancer prevention, largely through the antioxidative properties of rice bran phytochemicals. In addition, these phytochemicals were shown to provide protection against cancer through mechanisms linked to oxidative stress, including β-catenin-mediated cell proliferation and inflammation. The present article provides an overview of current evidence for the antioxidative properties of rice bran and its phytochemicals, and for the potential of such properties in cancer prevention through the oxidative-stress-linked mechanisms mentioned above. The article also highlights the need for an evaluation of the effectiveness of rice bran dietary interventions among cancer survivors in ameliorating oxidative stress and reducing the level of gastrointestinal cancer biomarkers, thereby establishing the potential of such interventions among these individuals in the prevention of cancer recurrence.
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Perez-Ternero C, Alvarez de Sotomayor M, Herrera MD. Contribution of ferulic acid, γ-oryzanol and tocotrienols to the cardiometabolic protective effects of rice bran. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Perez-Ternero C, Claro C, Parrado J, Herrera MD, Alvarez de Sotomayor M. Rice bran enzymatic extract reduces atherosclerotic plaque development and steatosis in high-fat fed ApoE-/- mice. Nutrition 2016; 37:22-29. [PMID: 28359358 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rice bran is a by-product of rice milling and is rich in bioactive molecules such as γ-oryzanol, phytosterols, and tocotrienols. The rice bran enzymatic extract (RBEE) previously showed vessel remodeling prevention and lipid-lowering, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities. The aim of this study was to identify RBEE hypolipidemic mechanisms and to study the effects of RBEE on the progression of atherosclerosis disease and linked vascular dysfunction and liver steatosis in apolipoprotein E-knockout (ApoE-/-) mice fed low- or high-fat (LFD, HFD, respectively) and cholesterol diets. METHODS ApoE-/- mice were fed LFD (13% kcal) or HFD (42% kcal) supplemented or not supplemented with 1 or 5% RBEE (w/w) for 23 wk. Then, serum, aorta, liver, and feces were collected and flash frozen for further analysis. RESULTS RBEE supplementation of HFD improved serum values by augmenting high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and preventing total cholesterol and aspartate aminotransferase increase. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase activity was attenuated (1 and 5% RBEE) and cholesterol excretion increased (5% RBEE). Diet supplementation with 5% RBEE reduced plaque development regardless of the diet. In HFD-fed mice, both doses of RBEE reduced lipid deposition and macrophage infiltration in the aortic sinus and downregulated intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression. None of these effects was observed in mice fed LFD. Liver steatosis was reduced by RBEE supplementation of LFD (1% RBEE) and HFD (1 and 5% RBEE) and nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α expression upregulated in the HDF 5% RBEE group. CONCLUSION Regular consumption of RBEE-supplemented HFD reduced plaque development and liver steatosis by decreasing inflammation and hyperlipidemia through an HMG-CoA reductase activity and lipid excretion-related mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carmen Claro
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Juan Parrado
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Herrera
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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Rice bran protein hydrolysates attenuate diabetic nephropathy in diabetic animal model. Eur J Nutr 2016; 57:761-772. [PMID: 28004272 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-016-1366-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is an important microvascular complication of uncontrolled diabetes. The features of DN include albuminuria, extracellular matrix alterations, and progressive renal insufficiency. Rice bran protein hydrolysates (RBPs) have been reported to have antihyperglycemic, lipid-lowering, and anti-inflammatory effects in diabetic rats. Our study was to investigate the renoprotective effects of RBP in diabetic animals and mesangial cultured cells. METHODS Eight-week-old male db/m and db/db mice were orally treated with tap water or RBP (100 or 500 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, diabetic nephropathy in kidney tissues was investigated for histological, ultrastructural, and clinical chemistry changes, and biomarkers of angiogenesis, fibrosis, inflammation, and antioxidant in kidney were analyzed by Western blotting. Protection against proangiogenic proteins and induction of cytoprotection by RBP in cultured mesangial cells was evaluated. RESULTS RBP treatment improved insulin sensitivity, decreased elevated fasting serum glucose levels, and improved serum lipid levels and urinary albumin/creatinine ratios in diabetic mice. RBP ameliorated the decreases in podocyte slit pore numbers, thickening of glomerular basement membranes, and mesangial matrix expansion and suppressed elevation of MCP-1, ICAM-1, HIF-1α, VEGF, TGF-β, p-Smad2/3, and type IV collagen expression. Moreover, RBP restored suppressed antioxidant Nrf2 and HO-1 expression. In cultured mesangial cells, RBP inhibited high glucose-induced angiogenic protein expression and induced the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1. CONCLUSION RBP attenuates the progression of diabetic nephropathy and restored renal function by suppressing the expression of proangiogenic and profibrotic proteins, inhibiting proinflammatory mediators, and restoring the antioxidant and cytoprotective system.
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Munkong N, Hansakul P, Yoysungnoen B, Wongnoppavich A, Sireeratawong S, Kaendee N, Lerdvuthisopon N. Vasoprotective effects of rice bran water extract on rats fed with high-fat diet. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Abd El-Wahab HMF, Mohamed MA, El Sayed HH, Bauomy AE. Modulatory effects of rice bran and its oil on lipid metabolism in insulin resistance rats. J Food Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanan M. F. Abd El-Wahab
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition; Women's College for Art, Science and Education, Ain Shams University; Cairo Egypt
| | - Mona A. Mohamed
- Biochemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Al-Azhar University; Cairo Egypt
| | - Hanaa H. El Sayed
- Department of Nutrition Biochemistry and Metabolism; National Nutrition Institute; Cairo Egypt
| | - Alshimaa E. Bauomy
- Bachelor of Science, Al-Azhar University and Diploma in Biochemistry and Analytical chemistry, Menoufia University; Cairo Egypt
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Bhatia HS, Baron J, Hagl S, Eckert GP, Fiebich BL. Rice bran derivatives alleviate microglia activation: possible involvement of MAPK pathway. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:148. [PMID: 27301644 PMCID: PMC4908728 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0615-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperactivation of microglia is considered to be a key hallmark of brain inflammation and plays a critical role in regulating neuroinflammatory events. Neuroinflammatory responses in microglia represent one of the major risk factors for various neurodegenerative diseases. One of the strategies to protect the brain and slow down the progression of these neurodegenerative diseases is by consuming diet enriched in anti-oxidants and polyphenols. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of rice bran extract (RBE), one of the rich sources of vitamin E forms (tocopherols and tocotrienols) and gamma-oryzanols, in primary rat microglia. METHODS The vitamin E profile of the RBE was quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Microglia were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the presence or absence of RBE. Release of prostaglandins (prostaglandin (PG) E2, 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α)) were determined with enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Protein levels and genes related to PGE2 synthesis (Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1)) and various pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10), were assessed by western blot, ELISA, and quantitative real-time PCR. Furthermore, to elucidate the molecular targets of RBE, the phosphorylated state of various mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling molecules (p38 MAPK, ERK 1/2, and JNK) and activation of NF-kB pathway was studied. RESULTS RBE significantly inhibited the release of PGE2 and free radical formation (8-iso-PGF2α) in LPS-activated primary microglia. Inhibition of PGE2 by RBE was dependent on reduced COX-2 and mPGES-1 immunoreactivity in microglia. Interestingly, treatment of activated microglia with RBE further enhanced the gene expression of the microglial M2 marker IL-10 and reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory M1 markers (TNF-α, IL-1β). Further mechanistic studies showed that RBE inhibits microglial activation by interfering with important steps of MAPK signaling pathway. Additionally, microglia activation with LPS leads to IkB-α degradation which was not affected by the pre-treatment of RBE. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our data demonstrate that RBE is able to affect microglial activation by interfering in important inflammatory pathway. These in vitro findings further demonstrate the potential value of RBE as a nutraceutical for the prevention of microglial dysfunction related to neuroinflammatory diseases, including Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harsharan S. Bhatia
- />Department of Psychiatry, University of Freiburg Medical School, Hauptstr. 5, Freiburg, 79104 Germany
- />VivaCell Biotechnology GmbH, Ferdinand-Porsche-Str. 5, Denzlingen, 79211 Germany
| | - Julian Baron
- />Department of Psychiatry, University of Freiburg Medical School, Hauptstr. 5, Freiburg, 79104 Germany
| | - Stephanie Hagl
- />Department of Pharmacology, Goethe University, Biozentrum Niederursel, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, Frankfurt, 60438 Germany
| | - Gunter P. Eckert
- />Department of Pharmacology, Goethe University, Biozentrum Niederursel, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, Frankfurt, 60438 Germany
- />Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Giessen, Wilhelmstrasse 20, Giessen, 35392 Germany
| | - Bernd L. Fiebich
- />Department of Psychiatry, University of Freiburg Medical School, Hauptstr. 5, Freiburg, 79104 Germany
- />VivaCell Biotechnology GmbH, Ferdinand-Porsche-Str. 5, Denzlingen, 79211 Germany
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Zhou Z, Ren X, Jiang Y, Zhang Q, Zhang M, Strappe P, Blanchard C. Responses of fecal bacterial communities to resistant starch intervention in diabetic rats. STARCH-STARKE 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201500139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongkai Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety Ministry of Education; Tianjin University of Science and Technology; Tianjin P. R. China
- ARC Functional Grains Centre; Charles Sturt University; Wagga Wagga Australia
| | - Xiaochong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety Ministry of Education; Tianjin University of Science and Technology; Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Yumei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety Ministry of Education; Tianjin University of Science and Technology; Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety Ministry of Education; Tianjin University of Science and Technology; Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety Ministry of Education; Tianjin University of Science and Technology; Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Padraig Strappe
- ARC Functional Grains Centre; Charles Sturt University; Wagga Wagga Australia
| | - Chris Blanchard
- ARC Functional Grains Centre; Charles Sturt University; Wagga Wagga Australia
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Preventive obesity agent montmorillonite adsorbs dietary lipids and enhances lipid excretion from the digestive tract. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19659. [PMID: 26891902 PMCID: PMC4759552 DOI: 10.1038/srep19659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Western diets are typically high in fat and are associated with long-term complications such as obesity and hepatic steatosis. Because of the enjoyable taste of high-fat diets (HFDs), we are interested in determining how to decrease lipid absorption and enhance lipid excretion from the digestive tract after the consumption of eating fatty foods. Montmorillonite was initially characterized as a gastrointestinal mucosal barrier protective agent for the treatment of diarrhoea. Dietary lipid adsorbent- montmorillonite (DLA-M) was isolated and purified from Xinjiang montmorillonite clay via the water extraction method. Here, we show that DLA-M has an unexpected role in preventing obesity, hyperlipidaemia and hepatic steatosis in HFD-fed rats. Interestingly, combined application of polarized light microscopy and lipid staining analyses, showed that DLA-M crystals have dietary lipid-adsorbing ability in vitro and in vivo, which enhances lipid excretion via bowel movements. In summary, our results indicate that DLA-M prevent HFD-induced obesity. This novel dietary lipid-adsorbing agent can help prevent obesity and its comorbidities.
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Araujo SM, de Paula MT, Poetini MR, Meichtry L, Bortolotto VC, Zarzecki MS, Jesse CR, Prigol M. Effectiveness of γ-oryzanol in reducing neuromotor deficits, dopamine depletion and oxidative stress in a Drosophila melanogaster model of Parkinson's disease induced by rotenone. Neurotoxicology 2015; 51:96-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Perez-Ternero C, Herrera MD, Laufs U, Alvarez de Sotomayor M, Werner C. Food supplementation with rice bran enzymatic extract prevents vascular apoptosis and atherogenesis in ApoE-/- mice. Eur J Nutr 2015; 56:225-236. [PMID: 26476632 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-1074-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Atherosclerosis is associated with reduced mononuclear cell (MNC) telomere length, and senescent cells have been detected in atherosclerotic plaques. Rice bran is a source of γ-oryzanol, phytosterols and tocols with potential lipid-lowering, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Here, we tested the hypothesis that rice bran enzymatic extract (RBEE) impacts on apoptosis, telomere length and atherogenesis in mice. METHODS Seven-week-old male ApoE-/- mice were fed high-fat diet (HFD) or isocaloric HFD supplemented with 5 % (w/w) RBEE for 23 weeks. Wild-type mice of the same age were kept under standard diet as controls. RESULTS RBEE treatment reduced total cholesterol (19.24 ± 1.63 vs 24.49 ± 1.71 mmol/L) and triglycerides (1.13 ± 0.18 vs 1.75 ± 0.22 mmol/L) and augmented HDL-cholesterol (1.86 ± 0.20 vs 1.07 ± 0.20 mmol/L). RBEE attenuated macrophage infiltration by 56.69 ± 4.65 % and plaque development (7737 ± 836 vs 12,040 ± 1001 μm2) in the aortic sinus. In the aorta, RBEE treatment reduced expression of the apoptosis pathway components p16, p53 and bax/bcl-2 ratio. RBEE prevented apoptosis of aortic endothelial cells (2.81 ± 0.71-1.14 ± 0.35 apoptotic nuclei/ring for ApoE-/- HFD and ApoE-/- HFD 5 % RBEE, respectively). In contrast, MNC of RBEE-fed mice exhibited enhanced apoptosis marker expression with increased p53 and bax/bcl-2 protein levels. Compared to WT, ApoE-/- mice on HFD were characterized by significant telomere shortening in aorta (11 ± 2 %) and MNC (73 ± 7 %), which was reduced by supplementation with RBEE (aorta: 40 ± 7 %; MNC: 105 ± 10 %). Expression of telomere repeat-binding factor 2 was increased in RBEE-fed mice. CONCLUSION Long-term food supplementation with RBEE lowers cholesterol and prevents atherosclerotic plaque development in ApoE-/- mice. Differential regulation of vascular and MNC apoptosis and senescence were identified as potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Perez-Ternero
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 2, 41012, Seville, Spain.
| | - M D Herrera
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 2, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - U Laufs
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III - Kardiologie, Angiologie und Internistische Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - M Alvarez de Sotomayor
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Seville, C/Profesor García González 2, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - C Werner
- Klinik für Innere Medizin III - Kardiologie, Angiologie und Internistische Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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